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Phosphosiderite

Big Photo

Folgosinho Quarry, Folgosinho, Gouveia, Guarda District, Portugal
© JM. Johannet

Show Phosphosiderite Photos (88)
Formula:
FePO
 
4
·2H
 
2
O
System:MonoclinicColour:Purple to reddish ...
Hardness:3½ - 4
Name:From its composition, being a PHOSPHate, and from the Greek σίδηρος "SIDERos" for iron.
Dimorph of:Strengite


Metavariscite Group

Classification of Phosphosiderite

IMA status:Approved
Strunz 8th edition ID:7/C.09-20
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:8.CD.05

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
C : Phosphates without additional anions, with H2O
D : With only medium-sized cations, RO4:H2O = 1:2
Dana 8th edition ID:40.4.3.2

40 : HYDRATED NORMAL PHOSPHATES,ARSENATES AND VANADATES
4 : (AB)5(XO4)2·xH2O
Hey's CIM Ref.:19.13.3

19 : Phosphates
13 : Phosphates of Fe alone
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Type Occurrence of Phosphosiderite

Type Locality:Kalterborn Mine, Eiserfeld, Siegerland, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
Year of Discovery:1890

Occurrences of Phosphosiderite

Geological Setting:Alteration product of triphylite in granitic pegmatites, soils, replcement mineral in bones and shells.

Physical Properties of Phosphosiderite

Lustre:Vitreous, Resinous
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent, Translucent
Colour:Purple to reddish violet, rose-red, peachy-pink, brownish yellow, moss-green, colourless; rose to colourless in transmitted light.
Hardness (Mohs):3½ - 4
Cleavage:Distinct/Good
On {010}, good; on {001}, indistinct.
Fracture:Irregular/Uneven
Density (measured):2.74 - 2.76 g/cm3
Density (calculated):2.76 g/cm3

Crystallography of Phosphosiderite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Class (H-M):2/m - Prismatic
Cell Parameters:a = 5.32Å, b = 9.79Å, c = 8.71Å
β = 90.51°
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.543 : 1 : 0.89
Unit Cell Volume:V 453.62 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:Crystals tabular {010} or stout prismatic [001]. Also occurs as botryoidal or reniform masses and crusts with a radial-fibrous structure.
Twinning:On {101}, commonly as interpenetration twins.

Optical Data of Phosphosiderite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.692 nβ = 1.725 nγ = 1.738
2V:Measured: 62° , Calculated: 62°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.046

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:High
Dispersion:r > v, very strong
Pleochroism:Visible
Comments:X = ^c ~ 4° = Light rose
Y = b = Carmine-red
Z = Colourless

Chemical Properties of Phosphosiderite

Formula:
FePO
 
4
·2H
 
2
O
Essential elements:Fe, H, O, P
All elements listed in formula:Fe, H, O, P
Common Impurities:Al,Mn

Relationship of Phosphosiderite to other Species

Related to:
  • Metavariscite Group
    • Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):
    8.CD.05Kolbeckite
    ScPO
     
    4
    		·2H
     
    2
    		O
    8.CD.05Metavariscite
    AlPO
     
    4
    		·2H
     
    2
    		O
    8.CD.10Mansfieldite
    AlAsO
     
    4
    		·2H
     
    2
    		O
    8.CD.10Scorodite
    Fe
    3+
     
    		AsO
     
    4
    		·2H
     
    2
    		O
    8.CD.10Strengite
    FePO
     
    4
    		·2H
     
    2
    		O
    8.CD.10Variscite
    AlPO
     
    4
    		·2H
     
    2
    		O
    8.CD.10Yanomamite
    InAsO
     
    4
    		·2H
     
    2
    		O
    8.CD.15Parascorodite
    Fe
    3+
     
    		AsO
     
    4
    		·2H
     
    2
    		O
    8.CD.20Ludlamite
    (Fe,Mn,Mg)
     
    3
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		·4H
     
    2
    		O
    8.CD.25Sterlinghillite
    Mn
     
    3
    		(AsO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		·4H
     
    2
    		O
    8.CD.30Rollandite
    Cu
     
    3
    		(AsO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		·4H
     
    2
    		O
    Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:
    19.13.1Barbosalite
    Fe
    2+
     
    		Fe
    3+
    2
    		[OH|PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    19.13.2Strengite
    FePO
     
    4
    		·2H
     
    2
    		O
    19.13.4Dufrénite
    Ca
     
    0.5
    		Fe
    2+
     
    		Fe
    3+
    5
    		[(OH)
     
    3
    		|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		]
     
    2
    		 · 2H
     
    2
    		O
    19.13.5Giniite
    Fe
    2+
     
    		Fe
    3+
    4
    		[(OH)
     
    5
    		|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		] · 2H
     
    2
    		O
    19.13.6Whitmoreite
    Fe
    2+
     
    		Fe
    3+
    2
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		 · 4H
     
    2
    		O
    19.13.7Tinticite
    Fe
    3+
    4
    		[OH|PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    3
    		 · 5H
     
    2
    		O
    19.13.8Ferristrunzite
    Fe
    3+
    3
    		[OH|PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    		 · 5(H
     
    2
    		O,OH)
    19.13.9Ferrostrunzite
    Fe
    2+
     
    		Fe
    3+
    2
    		[OH|PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    		 · 6H
     
    2
    		O
    19.13.10Beraunite
    Fe
    2+
     
    		Fe
    3+
    5
    		[(OH)
     
    5
    		|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    4
    		] · 4H
     
    2
    		O
    19.13.11Vivianite
    Fe
    2+
    3
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		·8H
     
    2
    		O
    19.13.12Metavivianite
    Fe
    2+
    3-x
    		Fe
    3+
    x
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		(OH)x·(8-x)H
     
    2
    		O

    Other Names for Phosphosiderite

    Synonyms:
    ClinobarranditeClinostrengiteMetastrengite
    German names:
    PhosphosideritClinostrengitKlinostrengitMetastrengit
    Russian names:
    ФосфосидеритМеташтренгит
    Spanish names:
    ClinostrengitaMetastrengita
    Varieties:
    Vilateite

    Other Information

    Other Information:Totally soluble in HCl, nearly insoluble in HNO3.
    Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

    References for Phosphosiderite

    Reference List:Bruhns and Busz (1890) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 17: 555.

    Dana, E.S. (1892) System of Mineralogy, 6th. Edition, New York: 823.

    Lacroix, A. (1910) Minéralogie de la France et des ses colonies, Paris. 5 volumes: vol. 4: 477 (as Vilateite ?)

    Goldschmidt, V. (1920) Atlas der Krystallformen. 9 volumes, atlas, and text: vol. 6: 152.

    Laubmann and Steinmetz (1920) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 55: 523.

    Müllbauer (1925) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 61: 318.

    De Angelis (1926) Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova: 52: 138.

    Koechlin (1934) Centralblatt für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paleontologie, Stuttgart: 290.

    McConnell (1939) American Mineralogist: 24: 636.

    Strunz and Sztrókay (1939) Zentralblatt Mineralien: 272.

    McConnell (1940) American Mineralogist: 25: 719 (as Clinobarrandite).

    McConnell (1943) Bulletin of the Geological Society of America: 54: 707.

    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 769-771.

    American Mineralogist (1966): 51: 168.

    Articles/Blogs about Phosphosiderite

    Internet Links for Phosphosiderite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Search for Phosphosiderite in the Natural History Museum (London) online catalogue
  • Phosphosiderite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    Localities for Phosphosiderite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Argentina
     
    • Córdoba
      • Punilla Department
        • Tanti
    		No reference listed
    Am Min 53:416-431
    • Salta
      • Nevados de Palermo
    Australia
     
    • New South Wales
      • Kennedy Co.
        • Northparkes Mine
    		Cédrick Gineste Collection
    • South Australia
      • Flinders Ranges
        • North Flinders Ranges
          • Mt Painter area
            • Radium Ridge
    		J. Brugger at al.: Austral. J. Mineral. 9(1):15-31 (2003); J. Brugger et al.: Amer. Min. 89:339-347 (2004); Lapis 29(3):41 (2004)
      • Olary Province
        • Kalabity homestead area
    • Tasmania
      • Southern Islands
    		Bottrill & Baker (in prep) Catalogue of minerals of Tasmania
    • Victoria
      • Wangaratta
    Austria
     
    • Styria
      • Koralpe Mts
        • Modriach
          • Herzogberg Mt.
    		Aufschluss 1972(SB), 40-41
    Belgium
     
    • Hainaut (Henegouwen; Hennegau) Province
      • Mons
        • Blaton
    		No reference listed
    • Liège Province
      • Visé
    		1./ A.M. Fransolet, J Jedwab and R. Van Tassel, 1974, Inventaire minéralogique de Richelles, Belgique, Annales de la Société Géologique de Belgique, Tome 27, pp. 23-26.
    • Namur Province
      • Anhée
    Brazil
     
    • Northeast Region
      • Paraíba
        • Frei Martinho
    		[MinRec 22:183]
        • Pedra Lavrada
    		Knut Eldjarn collection
    • Southeast Region
      • Minas Gerais
        • Doce valley
          • Divino das Laranjeiras
            • Linópolis
    		A. M. I. Martins collection
          • Galiléia
            • Laranjeiras
    		No reference listed
    [MinRec 12:69]
            • Sapucaia do Norte
    		AmMin 89:1087
    Cassedanne, J.P. & Baptista, A. (1999): Famous Mineral Localities: The Sapucaia Pegmatite Minas Gerais, Brazil. Mineralogical Record, 30: 347-360 + 365
    No reference listed
        • Mendes Pimentel
    		Atencio, D., Coutinho, J.M.V., Mascarenhas, Y.P., Ellena, J. (2006): Matioliite, the Mg-analog of burangaite, from Gentil mine, Mendes Pimentel, Minas Gerais, Brazil, and other occurrences. American Mineralogist, 91, 1932-1936.
    Cameroon
     
    • Adamaoua plateau
    		F. Pillard : "Contribution à l'étude de l'altération de la vivianite : cas de la vivianite d'Anloua (Cameroun)", Doctorate Thesis, Orléans University, 1984.
    Canada
     
    • Yukon Territory
      • Dawson Mining District
    		MinRec 23:4-47
    [Mineralogical Record Vol 23 No.4 pp30]
    Colombia
     
    • Cauca Department
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 771.
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Karlovy Vary Region
        • Lázně Kynžvart
    		Černý, P., Veselovský, F.: Pegmatit Bílý kámen (Weisser Stein) u Kynžvartu. Minerál, 2000, roč. 8, č. 1, s. 10-16.
      • Pardubice Region
    		Prachař, I.: Současný stav výskytu nerostů ve Chvaleticích. Acta musei Reginaehradecensis, série A: vědy přírodní, 1981, roč. XVI., s. 99-102.
      • Plzeň Region
        • Domažlice (Taus)
          • Otov
    		Čech F., Staněk J., Dávidová Š. (1981): Minerály pegmatitů. - in: Bernard J.H. [ed.]: Mineralogie Československa. Academia, Praha.
        • Rokycany (Rokitzan; Rokytzan)
    		Janouš, F.: Minerály z Kněží hory u Těškova (okres Rokycany), Minerál, 1995, roč. 3, č. 6, s. 367-369.
    • Moravia (Mähren; Maehren)
      • Vysočina Region
        • Velké Meziříčí
    		Škoda, R., Staněk, J., Čopjaková, R.: Minerální asociace fosfátových nodulí z granitického pegmatitu od Cyrilova u Velkého Meziříčí, Moldanubikum; část 1 – primární a exsoluční fáze. Acta Mus. Moraviae, Sci. geol., 2007, 92, 59-74.
    Finland
     
    • Etelä-Suomen Lääni
      • Orivesi
        • Eräjärvi area
    France
     
    • Auvergne
      • Allier
        • Ebreuil
          • Echassières
    		Uwe Kolitsch (single-crystal XRD), to be published
    • Limousin
      • Haute-Vienne
        • Bessines-sur-Gartempe
    		Boisson, J. M. (1988) - Les monts d'Ambazac, Le Cahier des Micromonteurs, (2), 3-33.
    Limoges University, geology laboratory analysis
        • Razès
    		Seaman, 1976. Pegmatite Minerals of the World
    [var: Vilateite] Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 771.
    Boisson, J. M. (1988) - Les monts d'Ambazac, Le Cahier des Micromonteurs, (2), 3-33.
    Germany
     
    • Baden-Württemberg
      • Black Forest
        • Wolfach
          • Oberwolfach
            • Rankach valley
    		WALENTA, K. (1995): Neue Mineralfunde von der Grube Clara. 6. Folge, 2. Teil. - Lapis 20 (6), 41 und 46-49.
    • Bavaria
      • Lower Bavaria
        • Bavarian Forest
          • Zwiesel
            • Rabenstein
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
            • Town Centre
    		Obermüller, T., (1993): Über Phosphatmineralien aus Zwiesel/Bayerischer Wald, Der Aufschluss, Vol. 44, pp. 337-341
      • Upper Palatinate
        • Auerbach
          • Nitzlbuch (Nitzelbuch)
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
        • Oberpfälzer Wald
          • Plößberg
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", 1990
          • Vohenstrauß
            • Pleystein
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 125, 771.
            • Waidhaus
              • Hagendorf
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
    http://www.berthold-weber.de/h_miner.htm
    Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
          • Waldmünchen
            • Althütte
    		Lapis, 10 (4), 13-17.
    • Hesse
      • Wetzlar
        • Weilburg
          • Essershausen
    		Blaß, G. (2002): Eine neue Phosphatmineralien-Paragenese von der Grube Mark bei Essershausen, mittleres Lahngebiet, Taunus. Mineralien-Welt, 13 (6), 18-43. (in German)
    • North Rhine-Westphalia
      • Sauerland
        • Arnsberg
          • Uentrop
    		S. Weiß: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
        • Meschede
          • Bestwig
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
      • Siegerland
        • Eiserfeld
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 771; Fleischer's Glossary of Mineral Species 2004
    • Schleswig-Holstein
      • Bredstedt
        • Joldelund
    		A. Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", Schweizerbart (Stuttgart), 2001
    Hungary
     
    • Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén Co.
      • Bükk Mts.
        • Miskolc-Diósgyőr
    		HOM Database
    Ireland
     
    • Co. Carlow
    		No reference listed
    Italy
     
    • Sardinia
      • Carbonia-Iglesias Province
        • Gonnesa
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 771; Stara, P., Rizzo, R., Tanca, G.A. (1996): Iglesiente e Arburese. Miniere e Minerali. Edito a cura dell'EMSA e "varie associazioni mineralogiche", Volume 1, 216, 238 pp.
        • Iglesias
          • Punta della Torre
    		De Michele, V. (1974). Guida mineralogica d'Italia. Istituto Geografico De Agostini, Novara, 2 vol
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Chubu Region
        • Nagano Prefecture
          • Chino City
      • Kinki region
        • Hyogo prefecture
          • Kobe city
    		S. Matsubara (2000) Vivianite nodules and secondary phosphates in Pliocene-Pleistocene clay deposits from Hime-shima, Oita Prefecture and Kobe, Hyogo Prefecture, Western Japan. Memoirs of the National Science Museum (Tokyo), 33.
    Liberia
     
    • Bomi Co.
    		J.M.Axelrod, et al.: :Phosphate mineralization at Bomi Hill and Bambuta, Liberia, West Africa", Am. Min. 37,883-909(1952)
    Madagascar
     
    • Fianarantsoa Province
      • Amoron'i Mania Region
        • Ampandramaika-Malakialina Pegmatite Field
          • Ambatofinandrahana Departement
    		[var: Vilateite] J. Behier (1960): Contribution à la Mineralogie de Madagascar. Ann.Geol.Mad. XXIX, p 48
    • Mahajanga (Majunga) Province
      • Betsiboka Region
        • Tsaratanàna Department
          • Andriamena Commune
    		Behier, J. (1963): Carte mineralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Géologique Madagascar. A 1871
    Mozambique
     
    • Zambezia Province
      • Alto Ligonha District
    		No reference listed
    Namibia
     
    • Erongo Region
      • Karibib District
        • Okatjimukuju farm (Friedrichsfelde farm)
    		P. Keller and O. von Knorring, Eur. J. Mineral. , 1989, 1, pp. 567-593.
        • Usakos
    		Keller, P. (1974): Phosphatmineralien aus Pegmatiten Sudwestafrikas, Der Aufschluss 25,577-591(1974)
    Portugal
     
    • Guarda District
      • Gouveia
        • Folgosinho
      • Sabugal
    		Schnorrer-Köhler (1991), Mineral Occurrences.
    • Viana do Castelo District
      • Caminha
        • Arga de Baixo/Arga de Cima
    		no reference ( self-finds )
      • Ponte da Barca
    		Self-collected by Pedro Alves.
    • Vila Real District
      • Vila Pouca de Aguiar
    • Viseu District
      • Mangualde
        • Chãs de Tavares
    		Rui Nunes 29th May, 2007
      • Vouzela
    Russia
     
    • Povolzhsky Region
      • Samaraskaya Oblast' (Samara Oblast')
    		Richard Bayerl collection (SXRD-analysed by Uwe Kolitsch, EDS-analysed by Joachim Gröbner)
    Rwanda
     
    • Gisenyi Province
      • Gatumba District
    		No reference listed
    South Africa
     
    • Northern Cape Province
      • Namaqualand
        • Kenhardt District
    		Minerals of South Africa
        • Steinkopf
    		Minerals of South Africa
    Spain
     
    • Castile and Leon
      • Zamora
    • Catalonia
      • Barcelona
        • Baix Llobregat
    		Camprubí, A., Melgarejo, J.C., Proenza, J.A., Costa, F., Bosch, J., Estrada, A., Borrell, F., Yushkin, N.P., Andreichev, V.L., 2003. Mining and geological knowledge during the Neolithic: a geological study on the variscite mines at Gavà, Catalonia. Episodes, v. 26 (4), p. 295-301.
        • Vallès Oriental
          • Montcada i Reixac
    		Mineralogistes de Catalunya (1997), VII (1): 34-55
    Sweden
     
    • Lappland
      • Kiruna
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 771.
    UK
     
    • England
      • Cornwall
        • St Agnes District
          • Perranzabuloe
    		No reference listed
    USA
     
    • Alabama
      • Cherokee Co.
    		Min.Rec.:20(5):361.
      • Coosa Co.
        • Rockford District
          • Two Bit pegmatite
    		Rocks & Min 70:5 pp 320-333
    Mineralogy of Alabama Geol Surv Ala. Bull 120
    Rocks & Minerals: 70(5): 320-333.
    • Arizona
      • Yavapai Co.
        • Eureka District
          • Hillside
            • Bagdad Mine area
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 105, 132-133, 327; Leavens, P.B. (1967), Reexamination of bermanite, Am.Min.: 52: 1060-1066.
    • Arkansas
      • Montgomery Co.
        • Norman
    		Rocks & Minerals: 64: 297.
      • Polk Co.
        • Shady
    		Rocks & Min.:64:297-298.
    • California
      • Mono Co.
        • White Mts
          • Laws
    		Min.Rec.: 18 (1987).
      • San Diego Co.
        • Jacumba District
          • Mt. Tule
    		Mineralogical Record 33(5):363-407
        • Pala District
          • Chief Mountain
    		Mineralogical Record (2002): 33(5): 388.
          • Tourmaline Queen Mountain (Pala; Queen)
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 673.
    • Colorado
      • Custer Co.
        • Rosita District
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B.
      • Larimer Co.
        • Crystal Mountain Pegmatite District (Storm Mountain District)
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
    • Georgia
      • Lincoln Co.
        • Graves Mountain
    		No reference listed
    • Maine
      • Androscoggin Co.
        • Poland
    		No reference listed
      • Cumberland Co.
        • Baldwin
    		No reference listed
      • Oxford Co.
        • Greenwood
    		No reference listed
    King & Foord, 1994. Mineralogy of Maine, vol.1, p.264.
        • Newry
    		Van King
    No reference listed
    King, V. and Foord, E., 1994, Mineralogy of Maine, v. 1; King, V, 2006, Minerals of Halls Ridge and Plumbago-Puzzle Mountain, Newry, Oxford County, Maine, Mineral News, v. 22 (6), p. 1-3.
        • Paris
    		Self collected by Paul Gilmore.
        • Stoneham
    		No reference listed
    • Nevada
      • Nye Co.
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 771; NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    • New Hampshire
      • Cheshire Co.
        • Alstead
    		Seaman, David (1976). Pegmatite Minerals of the World
      • Grafton Co.
        • Groton
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 771.
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 702.
    Rocks & Min., May 1999.
    • New Jersey
      • Gloucester Co.
    		[MinRec 11:309]
    • North Carolina
      • Cleveland Co.
        • Kings Mountain District
    		To many to list here. If interested, we can e-mail them to you.
      • Gaston Co.
        • Bessemer City
    		No reference listed
    • South Dakota
      • Custer Co.
        • Custer District
          • Berne
    		R&M 75:3 pp 156-169
          • Custer
    		Rocks & Min.:60:117.
          • Pringle
            • Cicero Peak
    		Rocks & Minerals: 75(3): 156-169.
      • Pennington Co.
        • Keystone District
          • Glendale
    		Rocks & Minerals: 60: 116.
          • Keystone
    		Rocks & Minerals: 67(6): 380-388.
    • Utah
      • Box Elder Co.
        • Pilot Range
          • Lucin District
            • Lucin
    		J. Marty (1995) Minerals of the Utahlite Claim (Edison and Bird Mine), Lucin, Box Elder County, Utah. Microprobe 8-2:4-10
      • Iron Co.
        • Iron Springs District (Iron and Granite Mountains & Three Peaks)
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
    • Virginia
      • Amelia Co.
        • Winterham
    		Rocks & Minerals 79:4 p 256
      • Nelson Co.
    		Minerals of Virginia 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
    • Wisconsin
      • Dodge Co.
        • Iron Ridge District (Neda Iron District)
    		Rocks & Min. Vol. 73 (1998)
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