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Phoenicochroite

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Unión Minera mine, Caracoles, Sierra Gorda District, Antofagasta Province, Antofagasta Region, Chile
© luigi mattei

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Formula:
Pb
 
2
(CrO
 
4
)O
System:MonoclinicColour:Dark red, bright red
Hardness:2½
Name:From the Greek φοίυικος for "deep red" and χρόα for "colour," in allusion to its colour.
Isostructural with:Lanarkite
This page provides mineralogical data about Phoenicochroite.

Classification of Phoenicochroite

IMA status:Approved 1980
Strunz 8th edition ID:6/F.02-40
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:7.FB.05

7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
F : Chromates
B : With additional O,V, S, Cl
Dana 7th edition ID:35.1.2.1
Dana 8th edition ID:35.1.2.1

35 : ANHYDROUS CHROMATES
1 : A2XO4
Hey's CIM Ref.:27.2.6

27 : Sulphites, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
2 : Chromates
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Type Occurrence of Phoenicochroite

Type Locality:Berezovskoe Au Deposit (Berezovsk Mines), Berezovskii (Berezovskii Zavod), Ekaterinburg (Sverdlovsk), Sverdlovskaya Oblast', Middle Urals, Urals Region, Russia
Year of Discovery:1839
Associated Minerals at type locality:
VauquelinitePyromorphiteGalenaCrocoite

Physical Properties of Phoenicochroite

Lustre:Adamantine, Resinous
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Translucent
Comment:Glimmering
Colour:Dark red, bright red
Comment:Turns lemon-yellow on exposure.
Streak:Brick-red
Hardness (Mohs):2½
Cleavage:Perfect
Perfect in one unspecified direction.
Density (measured):5.75 g/cm3

Crystallography of Phoenicochroite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Cell Parameters:a = 14Å, b = 5.67Å, c = 7.13Å
β = 115.22°
Ratio:a:b:c = 2.469 : 1 : 1.257
Unit Cell Volume:V 512.03 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:Crystals tabular and imperfect, often reticularly intergrown. Massive; thin coatings.

Optical Data of Phoenicochroite

Type:Biaxial (+)
RI values: nα = 2.380 nβ = 2.440 nγ = 2.650
2V:Measured: 58° , Calculated: 62°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.270

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Very High
Dispersion:relatively strong

Chemical Properties of Phoenicochroite

Formula:
Pb
 
2
(CrO
 
4
)O
Essential elements:Cr, O, Pb
All elements listed in formula:Cr, O, Pb

Relationship of Phoenicochroite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
7.FB.10Santanaite
Pb
 
11
(CrO
 
4
)O
 
12
7.FB.15Wattersite
(Hg
+
2
)
 
2
Hg
2+
 
(CrO
 
4
)O
 
2
7.FB.20Deanesmithite
(Hg
+
2
)Hg
2+
3
(CrO
 
4
)S
 
2
O
7.FB.25Edoylerite
Hg
2+
3
(CrO
 
4
)S
 
2
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
27.2.1Tarapacáite
K
 
2
[CrO
 
4
]
27.2.2Lópezite
K
 
2
[Cr
 
2
O
 
7
]
27.2.3Chromatite
Ca[CrO
 
4
]
27.2.4Hashemite
Ba(Cr,S)O
 
4
27.2.5Crocoite
Pb(CrO
 
4
)
27.2.7Santanaite
Pb
 
11
(CrO
 
4
)O
 
12
27.2.8Iranite
Pb
 
10
Cu(CrO
 
4
)
 
6
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(F,OH)
 
2
27.2.9Hemihedrite
Pb
 
10
Zn(CrO
 
4
)
 
6
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(F,OH)
 
2

Other Names for Phoenicochroite

Synonyms:
ChrominiumLead subsesquichromateMelanochroiteOhenicochroitePhenicochroite
PhoeniciteScheibeiteSubsesquichromate of Lead
Other Languages:
German:Melanochroit
Ohenicochroit
Phenicochroit
Phoenicit
Phœnicochroit
Phönicit
Phönikochroit
Phönizit
Russian:Феникохроит
Spanish:Melanochroita
Ohenicochroita
Varieties:
Berezovite

Other Information

Other Information:Soluble in HCl with separation of lead chloride.
Health Warning:Chromate minerals contain the carcinogenic and mutagenic chromate ion. Always wash hands after handling. Avoid inhaling dust when handling or breaking. Never lick or ingest. Do not pour chromate-containing solutions down the drain.

References for Phoenicochroite

Reference List:

- +
Hermann (1833) Annalen der Physik, Halle, Leipzig: 28: 162 (as Melanochroit).

Thomson, T. (1836) Outlines of Mineralogy, Geology, and Mineral Analysis. 2 volumes, London (as Subsesquichromate of Lead).

Glocker, E.F. (1839) Handbuch der Mineralogie, 2nd. edition, Nürnberg: 612 (as Phœnikochroit).

Haidinger, Wm. (1845): 504 (as Phönicit).

Petterd, W.F. (1910) Catalogue of the Minerals of Tasmania. 221pp., Hobart: 114.

Larsen, E.S. (1921) The Microscopic Determination of the Nonopaque Minerals, First edition, USGS Bulletin 679: 119.

Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 649-650.

Williams, S.A., et al (1970), A study of Phoenichchroite-Its structure and properties, American Mineralogist: 55: 784-792.

Bulletin de la Société française de Minéralogie et de Cristallographie (1980): 103: 469.

Klein, W. & Jansen, M. (2010): Refinement of the crystal structure of dilead(II) oxide chromate(VI), Pb2O(CrO4). Z. Kristallogr. NCS 225, 219-220. [http://zkrist_ncs.cpfs.mpg.de/pdf225-2/094_710043.pdf [Link Broken? May 2013]]

Internet Links for Phoenicochroite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Phoenicochroite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    • Localities for Phoenicochroite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Austria
     
    • Tyrol
      • North Tyrol
        • Inn valley
          • Brixlegg - Schwaz area
    		Kolitsch, U. (2013): 1799) Anglesit, Brochantit, Calcit, Callaghanit, Connellit, Cuprit, Diopsid, Elyit, Forsterit, Kupfer, Lithargit, Magnesiochromit, Malachit, Monohydrocalcit, Phoenicochroit, Rouait und Willemit in Schlacken der Montanwerke Brixlegg, Tirol. In Niedermayr, G. et al. (2013): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LXII. Carinthia II, 203./123. (in press).
    Chile
     
    • Antofagasta Region
      • Antofagasta Province
        • Cerro Palestina
          • Estación Cerro Negro
            • Magallanes district
    		Samples analysed by Dr. Jochen Schluter (Hamburg University), Germany.
    Peebles F./Ruiz Fuller C.(1988); "Yacimientos Metalíferos de Chile", Fondecyt, Stgo. de Chile.
        • Sierra Gorda District
    		M.Dini & A.Molina collection
          • Caracoles
    		In the collections of Brent Thorne, Christian Rewitzer, and Sandro Maggio.
    Samples analysed by Dr. Jochen Schluter (Hamburg University), Germany.
      • Tocopilla Province
        • Sierra Gorda district
          • Caracoles
    		Peebles F./Ruiz Fuller C.(1988); "Yacimientos Metalíferos de Chile", Fondecyt, Stgo. de Chile.
        • Tocopilla District
    		maurizio dini collection
    Germany
     
    • Saxony
      • Glauchau
        • Callenberg
    		Lapis, 16 (9), 13-26.
    Iran
     
    • Esfahan Province (Isfahan Province; Aspadana Province)
      • Nain County (Nayin County)
        • Anarak District
    		Adib, D. and Ottemann, J. (1970): Mineralium Deposita, 5, 86-93
    • Yazd Province
      • Nayband (Neyband)
    		Bariand, P. & Poullen, J.F. (1980): Rare Chromates from Seh-Changi, Iran. Mineralogical Record 11, 293-297
    Namibia
     
    • Erongo Region
      • Swakopmund District
        • Namib Naukluft National Park
    		Bezing, L. von, Bode, R. & Jahn, S. (2008): Namibia Minerals and Localities. Edition Schloss Freudenstein, Bode Verlag GmbH, Haltern, 338 pp. (in English)
    Russia
     
    • Urals Region
      • Middle Urals
        • Sverdlovskaya Oblast'
          • Ekaterinburg (Sverdlovsk)
            • Berezovskii (Berezovskii Zavod)
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 650; Clark, 1993, "Hey's Mineral Index".
    South Africa
     
    • Gauteng Province
    		Minerals of South Africa
    UK
     
    • Scotland
      • Strathclyde (Lanarkshire)
        • South Lanarkshire
          • Leadhills
            • Wanlock Dod
    		No reference listed
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Gila Co.
        • Dripping Spring Mts
          • Banner District
            • Christmas area
              • Christmas
    		Raman analyzed at the University of Arizona.
      • Maricopa Co.
        • Belmont Mts
          • Wickenburg area
    		C. Lemanski, Jr.
        • Big Horn Mts
          • Osborn District
            • Hummingbird Spring
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 103, 420; Williams, S.A. (1968), Wickenburgite, a new mineral from Arizona, Am.Min.: 53: 1433-1438; Williams, S.A. & J.W. Anthony (1970), Hemihedrite, a new mineral from Arizona, Am.Min.: 55: 1088-1102; Williams, S.A., et al (1970), A study of Phoenichchroite-Its structure and properties, Am.Min.: 55: 784-792.
            • Tonopah
              • Belmont Mountain
                • Tiger Wash
    		Collected in the presence of & verified by C. Lemanski, Jr.
    Ron Layton
    Galbraith, F.W. & D.J. Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 67.
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 327.
        • Vulture Mts
          • Vulture District
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 327; Silliman, B. (1881), Mineralogical notes, Amer.Jour.Sci.: 22: 198-205; Galbraith, F.W. & D.J. Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 67.
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 247, 327; Williams, S.A. (1968), Wickenburgite, a new mineral from AZ, Am.Min.: 53: 1433-1438; Williams, S.A. & J.W. Anthony (1970), Hemihedrite, a new mineral from AZ, Am.Min.: 55: 1088-1102; Williams, S.A., et al (1970), A study of phoenicochroite-Its structure and properties, Am.Min.:: 55: 784-792.
            • Vulture
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 327; Galbraith, F.W. & D.J. Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 67.
        • Wickenburg
    		No reference listed
      • Pinal Co.
        • Mammoth District
          • Tiger
            • St. Anthony deposit
    		Analyzed at the University of Western Sydney, Austalia.
        • Tortilla Mts
          • Ripsey District
            • Ripsey Hill area
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona (1995), 3rd.ed.: 247; Williams, S.A. & J.W. Anthony (1970), Hemihedrite, a new mineral from AZ, Am.Min.: 55: 1088-1102.
      • Yavapai Co.
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 327.
    • Nevada
      • Clark Co.
        • Eldorado District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
      • Esmeralda Co.
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
      • Lander Co.
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
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