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Pickeringite

Big Photo

Algares deposit, Aljustrel Mine, Aljustrel, Beja District, Portugal
© Rui Nunes 2006

Show Pickeringite Photos (28)
Formula:
MgAl
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
·22H
 
2
O
System:MonoclinicColour:Colourless to white, ...
Hardness:1½ - 2
Name:For John Pickering (1777-1846), American linguist and philologist.


Halotrichite Group; Halotrichite-Pickeringite Series.

At least a partial series entends toward Apjohnite.

Mg analogue of Halotrichite.

Classification of Pickeringite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:6/C.12-10
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:7.CB.85

7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
C : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without additional anions, with H2O
B : With only medium-sized cations
Dana 8th edition ID:29.7.3.1

29 : HYDRATED ACID AND NORMAL SULFATES
7 : AB2(XO4)4·H2O
Hey's CIM Ref.:25.3.18

25 : Sulphates
3 : Sulphates of Mg
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Type Occurrence of Pickeringite

Type Locality:Cerros Pintados ("Cerro Pintados"), Pampa del Tamarugal, Iquique Province, Tarapacá Region, Chile
Year of Discovery:1844

Physical Properties of Pickeringite

Lustre:Vitreous
Colour:Colourless to white, light yellow, pale pink, gray; colourless in transmitted light
Hardness (Mohs):1½ - 2
Cleavage:Poor/Indistinct
On {010} poor.
Fracture:Conchoidal
Density (measured):1.73 - 1.79 g/cm3
Density (calculated):1.84 g/cm3
Comment:Pure end-member values.

Crystallography of Pickeringite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Class (H-M):2 - Sphenoidal
Space Group:P2 {P1 1 2} {P2} {P1 2 1}
Cell Parameters:a = 20.8Å, b = 24.2Å, c = 6.18Å
β = 95°
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.86 : 1 : 0.255
Unit Cell Volume:V 3,098.93 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:Crystals acicular [001]; distinctly terminated crystals rare. Radial or matted aggregates of hair-like crystals; tufted; spheroidal; as incrustations or effloresences; asbestiform. Larger crystals may be hollow or contain bubbles of liquid or gas.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
Image Loading

Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Horizontal Axis: ° to ° Vertical Axis: % Source Data: Filtered Data: Peaks:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Optical Data of Pickeringite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.476 nβ = 1.480 nγ = 1.483
2V:Measured: 60° , Calculated: 80°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.007

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Moderate
Dispersion:none

Chemical Properties of Pickeringite

Formula:
MgAl
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
·22H
 
2
O
Essential elements:Al, H, Mg, O, S
All elements listed in formula:Al, H, Mg, O, S
Analytical Data:
Completely soluble in water to an acid solution.
Common Impurities:Mn,Fe,Co

Relationship of Pickeringite to other Species

Series:Forms a series with Halotrichite (see here)
Member of Group:
Halotrichite Group:
MAl
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
·22H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
7.CB.05Dwornikite
(Ni,Fe)SO
 
4
·H
 
2
O
7.CB.05Gunningite
(Zn,Mn)SO
 
4
·H
 
2
O
7.CB.05Kieserite
MgSO
 
4
·H
 
2
O
7.CB.05Poitevinite
(Cu,Fe,Zn)SO
 
4
·H
 
2
O
7.CB.05Szmikite
MnSO
 
4
·H
 
2
O
7.CB.05Szomolnokite
FeSO
 
4
·H
 
2
O
7.CB.05Cobaltkieserite
CoSO
 
4
·H
 
2
O
7.CB.07Sanderite
MgSO
 
4
·2H
 
2
O
7.CB.10Bonattite
CuSO
 
4
·3H
 
2
O
7.CB.15Aplowite
(Co,Mn,Ni)SO
 
4
·4H
 
2
O
7.CB.15Boyleite
(Zn,Mg)SO
 
4
·4H
 
2
O
7.CB.15Ilesite
(Mn,Zn,Fe)SO
 
4
·4H
 
2
O
7.CB.15Rozenite
FeSO
 
4
·4H
 
2
O
7.CB.15Starkeyite
MgSO
 
4
·4H
 
2
O
7.CB.15IMA2002-034
CdSO
 
4
·4H
 
2
O
7.CB.20Chalcanthite
CuSO
 
4
·5H
 
2
O
7.CB.20Jôkokuite
MnSO
 
4
·5H
 
2
O
7.CB.20Pentahydrite
MgSO
 
4
·5H
 
2
O
7.CB.20Siderotil
FeSO
 
4
·5H
 
2
O
7.CB.25Bianchite
(Zn,Fe)SO
 
4
·6H
 
2
O
7.CB.25Chvaleticeite
(Mn,Mg)SO
 
4
·6H
 
2
O
7.CB.25Ferrohexahydrite
FeSO
 
4
·6H
 
2
O
7.CB.25Hexahydrite
MgSO
 
4
·6H
 
2
O
7.CB.25Moorhouseite
(Co,Ni,Mn)SO
 
4
·6H
 
2
O
7.CB.25Nickelhexahydrite
(Ni,Mg,Fe)SO
 
4
·6H
 
2
O
7.CB.30Retgersite
NiSO
 
4
·6H
 
2
O
7.CB.35Bieberite
CoSO
 
4
·7H
 
2
O
7.CB.35Boothite
CuSO
 
4
·7H
 
2
O
7.CB.35Mallardite
MnSO
 
4
·7H
 
2
O
7.CB.35Melanterite
FeSO
 
4
·7H
 
2
O
7.CB.35Zincmelanterite
(Zn,Cu,Fe)SO
 
4
·7H
 
2
O
7.CB.35Alpersite
(Mg,Cu)[SO
 
4
] · 7H
 
2
O
7.CB.40Epsomite
MgSO
 
4
·7H
 
2
O
7.CB.40Goslarite
ZnSO
 
4
·7H
 
2
O
7.CB.40Morenosite
NiSO
 
4
·7H
 
2
O
7.CB.45Alunogen
Al
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
·17H
 
2
O
7.CB.45Meta-alunogen
Al
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
·12H
 
2
O
7.CB.55Coquimbite
Fe
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
·9H
 
2
O
7.CB.55Paracoquimbite
Fe
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
·9H
 
2
O
7.CB.55Rhomboclase
(H
 
5
O
 
2
)Fe
3+
 
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
·2H
 
2
O
7.CB.60Kornelite
Fe
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
·7H
 
2
O
7.CB.65Quenstedtite
Fe
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
·10H
 
2
O
7.CB.70Lausenite
Fe
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
·6H
 
2
O
7.CB.75Lishizhenite
ZnFe
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
·14H
 
2
O
7.CB.75Römerite
Fe
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
·14H
 
2
O
7.CB.80Ransomite
CuFe
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
·6H
 
2
O
7.CB.85Apjohnite
Mn
2+
 
Al
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
·22H
 
2
O
7.CB.85Bílinite
Fe
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
·22H
 
2
O
7.CB.85Dietrichite
(Zn,Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)Al
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
·22H
 
2
O
7.CB.85Halotrichite
FeAl
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
·22H
 
2
O
7.CB.85Redingtonite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mg,Ni)(Cr,Al)
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
·22H
 
2
O
7.CB.85Wupatkiite
(Co,Mg,Ni)Al
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
·22H
 
2
O
7.CB.90Meridianiite
MgSO
 
4
·11H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
25.3.1Kieserite
MgSO
 
4
·H
 
2
O
25.3.2Sanderite
MgSO
 
4
·2H
 
2
O
25.3.3Starkeyite
MgSO
 
4
·4H
 
2
O
25.3.4Pentahydrite
MgSO
 
4
·5H
 
2
O
25.3.5Hexahydrite
MgSO
 
4
·6H
 
2
O
25.3.6Epsomite
MgSO
 
4
·7H
 
2
O
25.3.7Caminite
Mg
 
7
[(OH)
 
4
|(SO
 
4
)
 
5
] · H
 
2
O
25.3.8Vanthoffite
Na
 
6
Mg(SO
 
4
)
 
4
25.3.9Blödite
Na
 
2
Mg(SO
 
4
)
 
2
·4H
 
2
O
25.3.10Konyaite
Na
 
2
Mg(SO
 
4
)
 
2
·5H
 
2
O
25.3.11Löweite
Na
 
12
Mg
 
7
(SO
 
4
)
 
13
25.3.12Uklonskovite
NaMg[F|SO
 
4
] · 2H
 
2
O
25.3.13Langbeinite
K
 
2
Mg
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
25.3.14Leonite
K
 
2
Mg(SO
 
4
)
 
2
·4H
 
2
O
25.3.15Picromerite
K
 
2
Mg(SO
 
4
)
 
2
·6H
 
2
O
25.3.16Efremovite
(NH
 
4
)
 
2
Mg
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
25.3.17Boussingaultite
(NH
 
4
)
 
2
Mg(SO
 
4
)
 
2
·6H
 
2
O

Other Names for Pickeringite

Synonyms:
Magnesia AlumMagnesium-HalotrichitePicralluminitePikroalumogenSonomaite
Other Languages:
German:Dumreicherit
Magnesia-Alaun
Pickeringit
Seelandit
Sesqui-Magnesia-alaun
Talkerde-Alaun
Italian:Picroallumogene
Russian:Пиккерингит
Spanish:Pickeringita
Seelandita
Varieties:
FerropickeringiteKaspariteManganoan Pickeringite

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Pickeringite

Reference List:Hayes (1844) American Journal of Science: 46: 360.

Dana, J.D. (1868) System of Mineralogy, 5th. Edition, New York: 654 (as Bosjemanite).

Roster (1876) Boll. com. geol. Ital.: 302 (as Picroallumogene).

Goldsmith, E. (1877), On sonomaite: Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia Proc.: 28: 263-264.

Doelter (1882) Vulk. Gesteine und Min. der Capverde Inseln: 93 (as Dumreicherit).

Darapsky (1887) Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paleontologie, Heidelberg, Stuttgart: I: 131 (as Sesqui-Magnesia-alaun).

Darapsky (1890) Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paleontologie, Heidelberg, Stuttgart: I: 49 (as Aromite).

Uhlig (1912) Centralblatt für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paleontologie, Stuttgart: 723.

Zsivy (1920) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 55: 629.

Larsen, E.S. (1921) The Microscopic Determination of the Nonopaque Minerals, First edition, USGS Bulletin 679: 41.

Schairer and Lawson (1926) American Journal of Science: 11: 301.


Doelter, C. (1927) Handbuch der Mineral-chemie: 4 [2]: 523, 545.

Vavrinecz (1929) Magyar Chemiai Folyóirat, Budapest: 35: 1.

Hintze, Carl (1930) Handbuch der Mineralogie. Berlin and Leipzig. 6 volumes: 1 [3B]: 4505, 4512.

Kokta (1930) Přiroda, Brno: 32: 381.

Rutherford (1932) American Mineralogist: 17: 401.

Tokody (1933) Földtani Közlöny, Budapest (Magyarhone Földtani Torsulat): 62: 187.

Meixner and Pillewizer (1937) Zbl. Min.: 263.

Bandy (1938) American Mineralogist: 23: 724.

Gordon (1942) Academy of Science Philadelphia, Not. Nat. no. 101

Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 523-527.

European Journal of Mineralogy: 12: 1131-1138.

Internet Links for Pickeringite

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    Localities for Pickeringite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Argentina
     
    • San Juan
      • Calingasta
    		Juan Carlos Lodovichi
      • La Alcaparrosa
    		Notulae Naturae of The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, # 89 & #92 (1941).
    Australia
     
    • New South Wales
      • Cumberland Co.
        • Prospect (Prospect Hill)
    		Keith Compton collection
      • Georgiana Co.
        • Peelwood
    		Australian J. Mineralogy 13(2),89(2007)
      • Yancowinna Co.
    		Birch BH Book
    • Queensland
    		[MinRec 19 p469-490 - "Sielecki, R: The Mount Isa-Cloncurry mineral field"]
    • Victoria
      • Macedon Ranges Shire
        • Bullengarook
    		Carroll 2002.
      • Maldon
    Austria
     
    • Carinthia
      • Friesach - Hüttenberg area
        • Guttaring
    		G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995
      • Hohe Tauern Mts
        • Malta valley
          • Gößbach valley
    		G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995
    • Salzburg
      • Salzburg
        • Untersberg massif
    		A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989)
      • Schwarzach
        • Lend
          • Eschenau
    		[var: Ferropickeringite] H. Meixner, W. Pillewizer: Zentralbl. f. Min. Geol. Pal., Abt. A:263-270 (1937)
      • St Johann im Pongau
        • Mühlbach am Hochkönig
    		A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989
    • Styria
      • Liesing - Palten valley
        • Kalwang
          • Langteichengraben (Lange Teichen)
    		R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993)
      • Niedere Tauern Mts
        • Hohentauern
          • Sunk
    		MEIXNER, H. (1980): Nr. 492. Slavikit und Pickeringit aus der Magnesitlagerstätte Hohentauern (Sunk) bei Trieben, Steiermark. In: MEIXNER, H. (1980): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich XXX. - Carinthia II, 170./90., 33-63. (in German)
    Bolivia
     
    • La Paz Department
      • Loayza Province
    		Federico Ahlfeld and Alejandro Schneider-Scherbina (1964) Los Yacimientos Minerales y de Hidrocarburos de Bolivia. (Ministerio de Minas y Petroleo, La Paz)
    • Potosí Department
      • Potosí City
    		[MinRec 32:465]
      • Rafael Bustillo Province
        • Llallagua
    		[MinRec 32:474]
    Brazil
     
    • Southeast Region
      • Minas Gerais
        • Poços de Caldas plateau
          • Caldas
    		Waber et al. (1992) Jour. Geochemical Explor. 45, 53-112
    Bulgaria
     
    • Haskovo Oblast (Khaskovo Oblast)
      • Rhodope Mts
    		Kunov, A. & Mandova, E. (1997): Supergene minerals of the Obichnik Au-Ag deposit (Eastern Rhodopes). Spisanie na Bulgarskoto Geologichesko Druzhestvo 58, 19-24. (in Bulgarian)
    Chile
     
    • Antofagasta Region
      • El Loa Province
        • Calama
          • Cerritos Bayos
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 620.
          • Chuquicamata District
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 526.
    • Tarapacá Region
      • Iquique Province
        • Pampa del Tamarugal
    		American Journal of Science (1844): 46: 360; Palache et al (1951), Dana's System of Mineralogy, seventh ed., vol. II: 131, 526.
    China
     
    • Guizhou Province
      • Qianxi'nan Autonomous Prefecture
        • Xingren Co.
    		Acta Mineral. Sinica: 21(3):271-277, in Chinese, English abs.
    • Qinghai (Chinghai) Province
      • Haixi Autonomous Prefecture
        • Da Qaidam (Dachaidan) Co.
    		Anthony, J.W. et al.: Handbook of Mineralogy
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Central Bohemia Region
        • Dubá
          • Medonosy
    		Breiter K. (1976): Výskyt sulfátů na kvádrových pískovcích svrchní křídy v severozápadních Čechách. Sborník Severočeského musea, Přírodní vědy, roč. 8, s. 99-107.
        • Jílové (Eule)
    		Lapis 2000(4), 13-30
        • Kladno
          • Libušin
    		No reference listed
    Uwe Kolitsch (powder X-ray diffraction + SEM-EDS)
        • Skřivaň
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 622.
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 622.
      • Hradec Králové Region
        • Trutnov (Trautenau)
          • Radvanice
    		Jirásek, J.: Thermal Changes of the Rocks in the Dump Pile of the Kateřina Colliery in Radvanice (Eastern Bohemia). Ostrava: VSB – Technical University of Ostrava, Institute of Geological Engineering - 541, 2001. 69 p.
      • Liberec Region
    		Scharm, B.: Přehled minerálů nalezených v oblasti uranových koncentrací v severočeské křídě. Bulletin mineralogicko-petrografického oddělení Národního muzea v Praze, 1995, roč. 3, s. 169-172.
      • Pardubice Region
    		Prachař, I.: Současný stav výskytu nerostů ve Chvaleticích. Acta musei Reginaehradecensis, série A: vědy přírodní, 1981, roč. XVI., s. 99-102.
    • Moravia (Mähren; Maehren)
      • Vysočina Region
        • Rožná deposit
    		Petr Pauliš
    Egypt
     
    • Western Desert
    France
     
    • Auvergne
      • Cantal
        • Cantal Mts
          • Salers
            • Fontanges
    Germany
     
    • North Rhine-Westphalia
      • Ruhr Coal Mining area
        • Herne
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", 1990
      • Sauerland
        • Marsberg
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    • Saxony
      • Oberlausitz
        • Kamenz
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    • Thuringia
      • Gera
        • Ronneburg U deposit
    		T. Witzke & F. Rüger: Lapis 1998(7/8), 26-64
      • Wurzbach
        • Lehesten
    		- Liebeskind, W., Lehrieder, E. (1992): Der Lehester Schieferbergbau, Der Aufschluss, Vol. 43, 139-153
    Greece
     
    • Attikí (Attica; Attika) Prefecture
      • Lavrion (Laurion; Laurium) District
        • Lavrion District Mines
          • Plaka
            • Plaka Mines
    		No reference listed
    Hungary
     
    • Baranya Co.
      • Mecsek Mts.
        • Pécs
    		Szakáll-Gatter-Szendrei.Mineral species of Hungary,2005
    • Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén Co.
      • Borsodi Mts.
    		Mineral Species of Hungary, 2005
      • Upponyi Mts.
        • Dédestapolcsány
    		ACTA MIN. PETR. Suppl. Tomus XXXVIII., 1997
      • Zempléni Mts.
        • Tállya
    		ACTA MIN. PETR. Suppl. Tomus XXXVIII., 1997
    • Nógrád Co.
      • Cserhát Mts.
    		Szakáll & Gatter: Hun. Min. Spec., 1993
    Italy
     
    • Campania
      • Naples Province
        • Somma-Vesuvius Complex
    		Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI
      • Phlegrean Volcanic Complex
        • Naples Province
          • Phlegrean Fields
            • Pozzuoli
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 620.
    • Liguria
      • Genova Province
        • Sestri Levante
    		Carbone, C. , Marescotti, P., Cabella, R., Lucchetti, G. (2002): Sulfide alteration and related secondary minerals from the Libiola mine (Eastern Liguria, Italy). Poster at the 82° SIMP Congress , Arcavacata di Rende (CS) 18-20/09/2002. Abstract in Plinius 28 , 88-89.
    • Piedmont
      • Cuneo Province
        • Maira Valley
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007). Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
      • Torino Province
        • Canavese District
          • Léssolo
            • Cálea
    		Le miniere di Brosso (2001)-Italo Campostrini- ed. Museo Regionale Torino
        • Sesia-Lanzo zone
          • Lanzo Valley
            • Grande Valley
              • Chialamberto
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007): Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
      • Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province
        • Anzasca Valley
          • Macugnaga
    		Ciriotti, M.E., Preite, D., Blass, G., Appiani, R. (2007): Erratum. Pirrotite a Pestarena. Micro (UK report), 2/2007, 67-68.
        • Ornavasso
    		C.M. Gramaccioli (1975)-Minerali alpini e Prealpini-Edizioni Atlas Bergamo
    • Sardinia
      • Cagliari Province
        • Villaputzu
    		M.E. Ciriotti - 11.06.2008 - Probed
      • Carbonia-Iglesias Province
        • Fluminimaggiore
    		Stara, P., Rizzo, R., Tanca, G.A. (1996): Iglesiente e Arburese. Miniere e Minerali. Edito a cura dell'EMSA e "varie associazioni mineralogiche", Volume 2°, 192 pp.
    • Stara, P. Rizzo, R., Tanca, G., Vinci A. (1994): Su Zurfuru. 1° parte. Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 4/1993, 215-236.
      • Medio Campidano Province
        • Furtei
    		Da Pelo, S. & Frau, F (2000):, Magnesian aubertite, (Cu,Mg)Al(SO4)2Cl·14H4O, from the gold mine of Furtei in Sardinia, Italy. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte, 2000(6), 279-288.
        • Gonnosfanadiga
    		 Stara, P., Rizzo, R., Tanca, G.A. (1996): Iglesiente e Arburese. Miniere e Minerali. Edito a cura dell'EMSA e "varie associazioni mineralogiche", Volume 2°, 239 pp.
      • Nuoro Province
        • Gadoni
    		Stara, P., Rizzo, R., Sabelli, C., Ibba, A. (1999): I minerali di Funtana Raminosa. Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 1/1999, 10-27.
    • Sicily
      • Messina Province
        • Lipari
          • Eolie Islands (Aeolian Islands)
            • Vulcano Island
              • Porto Levante
    		GEBHARD G., MEDENBACH O., GEBERT W. (1988): Magnesioaubertit, (Mg,Cu)Al(SO4)2Cl.14H2O ein neues Chlorsulfat von Vulcano, Liparische Inseln. - Der Aufschluss - 39, 2, 97-102. GARAVELLI A., GRASSO M.F., VURRO F. (1996): Mineral occurrence and depositional processes at Baia di Levante area (Vulcano Island, Italy). - Mineralogica et Petrographica Acta - 39, 251- 261.
    GEBHARD G., MEDENBACH O., GEBERT W. (1988): Magnesioaubertit, (Mg,Cu)Al(SO4)2Cl.14H2O ein neues Chlorsulfat von Vulcano, Liparische Inseln. - Der Aufschluss - 39, 2, 97-102. GARAVELLI A., GRASSO M.F., VURRO F. (1996): Mineral occurrence and depositional processes at Baia di Levante area (Vulcano Island, Italy). - Mineralogica et Petrographica Acta - 39, 251- 261.
    GEBHARD G., MEDENBACH O., GEBERT W. (1988): Magnesioaubertit, (Mg,Cu)Al(SO4)2Cl.14H2O ein neues Chlorsulfat von Vulcano, Liparische Inseln. - Der Aufschluss - 39, 2, 97-102. GARAVELLI A., GRASSO M.F., VURRO F. (1996): Mineral occurrence and depositional processes at Baia di Levante area (Vulcano Island, Italy). - Mineralogica et Petrographica Acta - 39, 251- 261.
    GEBHARD G., MEDENBACH O., GEBERT W. (1988): Magnesioaubertit, (Mg,Cu)Al(SO4)2Cl.14H2O ein neues Chlorsulfat von Vulcano, Liparische Inseln. - Der Aufschluss - 39, 2, 97-102. GARAVELLI A., GRASSO M.F., VURRO F. (1996): Mineral occurrence and depositional processes at Baia di Levante area (Vulcano Island, Italy). - Mineralogica et Petrographica Acta - 39, 251- 261.
    • Trentino-Alto Adige
      • Trento Province
        • Mocheni Valley
          • Fierozzo
    		Forenza, N., Detomaso G., Zammateo P., Zampedri G. (2005): Minatori, miniere, minerali del Perginese.
    • Tuscany
      • Grosseto Province
        • Massa Marittima
        • Scansano
          • Pereta
    		Brizzi, G. & Meli, R. (1995): La miniera antimonifera di Pereta con un cenno a quella solfo-cinabrifera di Zolfiere in comune di Scansano (GR). Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 19:, 217-240.
      • Livorno Province
        • Elba Island
          • Capoliveri
    		J. Göske, T. Witzke, H. Pöllmann, S. Stöber (1997) - Neufunde von Sekundarmineralen in der Lagerstatte Calamita/Insel Elba - Der Aufschluss, 48: 305-313.
          • Porto Azzurro
    		G. D'Achiardi, 1910 - Pickeringite (picroallumogene) dell'Isola d'Elba - Atti Soc. Tosc. Sc. Nat., P.V., 19, 23-25.
    De Michele, V. (1974). Guida mineralogica d'Italia. Istituto Geografico De Agostini, Novara, 2 vol
            • Rio Mine (Rio Marina Mine)
    		F. Millosevich (1914) - I 5000 Elbani del Museo di Firenze - R. Ist. Studi Sup. Prat. Perf. Firenze
    L. Rossato, M. Benvenuti, 2002 - Guida al sentiero geo-mineralogico attraverso la Miniera di Rio Marina - Regione Toscana, Firenze
    U. Panichi, 1909 - Sulla pirite dell’Elba - Riv. Min. Crist. It., 38: 12-35.
        • Livorno
    		Innocenti F., Bartolozzi S., 2002. I minerali di Calafuria (Livorno). Riv. Miner. Ital., 1: 14-22.
      • Pisa Province
        • Pomarance
    		Orlandi P., (2005). "Geositi minerari e mineralogici della provincia di Pisa" in La geologia della provincia di Pisa. Cartografia, geositi e banche dati, pp. 55-280, Provincia di Pisa, 2005
      • Siena Province
        • Chiusdino
    		Mineralogical Record, 15 (1), 27-36.
    Japan
     
    • Hokkaido Island
      • Iburi Province
    		Matsubara, S. et al (2002) Sublimates of Usu Volcano, Hokkaido, Japan (2002 annual meeting of Japanese Association of Mineralogists, Petrologists and Economic Geologists)
    • Shikoku Island
      • Tokushima Prefecture
    		(T. Minakawa, Univ. Ehime)
    Mexico
     
    • Durango
      • Mun. de Mapimí
        • Mapimí
    		No reference listed
    Norway
     
    • Oppland
      • Ringebu
        • Fåvang
    		Broch (1931, pp. 117 ff); Neumann (1985, p. 110).
    Poland
     
    • Lower Silesia (Dolnośląskie)
      • Rudawy Janowickie Mts
    		Siuda, R.: Wieściszowice. Otoczak, 2004, nr. 31, p. 58-65.
    Portugal
     
    • Beja District
      • Aljustrel
        • Aljustrel Mine
    Romania
     
    • Alba Co.
    		Onac, B. P. et al. (2003): STUDIA UNIVERSITATIS BABEŞ-BOLYAI, GEOLOGIA, XLVIII, 1, 29-44. [http://bioge.ubbcluj.ro/studia/pdf/2003/Onac.pdf]
    • Harghita Co.
    		Acta Mineralogica Petrographica,2006,Szeged
    Russia
     
    • Far-Eastern Region
      • Kamchatka Oblast'
    		[Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p163-180]
    Active Volcanoes of Kamchatka, vol 2, p 140, S.A. Fedotov
    • Urals Region
      • Middle Urals
        • Ekaterinburgskaya (Sverdlovskaya) Oblast'
          • Kirovgrad
    		Dana 7:II:502,525.
      • Southern Urals
        • Chelyabinsk Oblast'
          • Ilmen Mts
            • Ilmen Natural Reserve
              • Miass (Miask)
    		Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
    Slovakia
     
    • Košice Region
      • Eastern Slovenské Rudohorie Mts
        • Medzev
    		Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590k
        • Smolnik Mining District
    		Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590
    • Prešov Region
      • Northern Slanské Mts
        • Červenica (Czerwenitza)
    		[var: Kasparite] Duda,R. et. all.,1981: MIneralogia severnej časti Slanských vrchov. Min.Slovaca,Monografia 2, Bratislava, 98p
    Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590
    David Parfitt collection
    South Africa
     
    • Eastern Cape Province
      • Woodbury District
    		Minerals of South Africa
    • Western Cape Province
      • Beaufort West District
    		Minerals of South Africa
    Spain
     
    • Aragón
      • Teruel
        • Libros
    		Calvo, M. (2008) Minerales de Aragón. Prames (Zaragoza) 463 pages
    • Asturias
      • Gozon
    		JRGL Collection
    Switzerland
     
    • Ticino (Tessin)
      • Lago Maggiore
        • Brissago
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 215.
    • Uri
    		[var: Manganoan Pickeringite] Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 526.
      • Reuss Valley
        • Intschi
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 303-304.
    • Wallis (Valais)
      • Goms
        • Ernen
          • Rhône gorge
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 304.
      • Sion (Sitten)
        • Aproz
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 304.
    UK
     
    • Wales
      • Gwynedd (Merionethshire)
        • Dolgellau Gold Belt
          • Ganllwyd
    		No reference listed
      • Isle of Anglesey (Gwynedd; Anglesey)
        • Amlwch
    		No reference listed
    Ukraine
     
    • Crimea Oblast'
      • Crimea peninsula
        • Balaklava area
    		Dobrovolskaya T.I., Polkanov Y.A. The Paleovolcano Fiolent. Giude (2004) - Simferopol, 2004, 19 p. (in Russ.) Oleg V. Zinchenko at al. (2008).The mineralogy of seasonal sulfates in the cape Fiolent - Zapiski Ukrainskogo Mineralogichnogo Tovaristva (Proceeding Ukrainian Mineralogical Society), 2008, #5, p. 75-83 (in Ukr.)
      • Simferopol area
    		A. Tischenko. Minerals of the Crimea - World of stones, 1996, #9, p. 9-18
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Cochise Co.
        • Mule Mts
          • Warren District
    		No reference listed
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 328.
        • Perilla Mts
          • Douglas District (Ash Springs District)
    		Galbraith, F.W. & D.J. Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 62.
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 328.
      • Coconino Co.
    		Anatoly Kasatkin analyses
        • Gray Mountain area
    		Grant, Raymond W., Bideaux, R.A., and Williams, S.A. (2006) Minerals Added to the Arizona List 1995-2005: 9.
        • San Franciscan volcanic field (San Francisco Peaks; San Francisco Mts)
    		Grant, Raymond W., Bideaux, R.A., and Williams, S.A. (2006) Minerals Added to the Arizona List 1995-2005: 4.; Hanson, S. L., A. U. Fastner, W. B. Simmons (2008) Mineralogy of the Fumerole deposits at Sunset Crater Volcano National Monument, Northern Arizona. Rocks & Mnerals 83:6 pp 534-544.
      • Pinal Co.
        • San Manuel District
          • San Manuel
            • San Manuel Mine (Apex Lead & Vanadium Mining Corp Mine; Quarelli group)
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 264; Anthony, J.W. & W.J. McLean (1976), Jurbanite, a new post-mining aluminum sulfate mineral from San Manuel, AZ, Am.Min.: 61: 1-4.
    • California
    		Roberts, Rapp, & Weber, 1974. Encylopedia of Minerals
      • Mono Co.
        • White Mts
          • Laws
            • White Mountain
    Roberts, Rapp, & Weber, 1974. Encylopedia of Minerals
    Roberts, Rapp, & Weber, 1974. Encylopedia of Minerals
      • Sonoma Co.
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 526.
    • Colorado
      • Delta Co.
    		"Minerals of Colorado, updated & revised", p. 13, by Eckel, Edwin B., 1997
      • El Paso Co.
    		"Minerals of Colorado, updated & revised", p. 14, by Eckel, Edwin B., 1997
      • Fremont Co.
        • Canon City District
          • Canon City
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • Otero Co.
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
    • Connecticut
      • Fairfield Co.
        • Trumbull
    		Januzzi, 1976. Mineral Localities of CT and Southeastern NY State
    J. Zolan Collec.
      • Litchfield Co.
        • Watertown
    		Januzzi, 1976. Mineral Localities of CT and Southeastern NY State
      • Middlesex Co.
        • East Hampton
    		Januzzi (1976) Mineral Localities of Connecticut & Southeastern New York State
    Januzzi, 1976. Mineral Localities of CT and Southeastern NY State
    Januzzi, 1976. Mineral Localities of CT and Southeastern NY State
        • Portland
          • Collins Hill
    		Rocks & Minerals (1955) 30:351-358
    Januzzi, 1976. Mineral Localities of Connecticut and Southeastern New York State (Taylor Assoc./Mineralogical Press); Rocks & Minerals (1955) 30:351-358
    Anderson (1994) Kentucky Geol. Survey Ser. XI Spec. Pub 20
    • Massachusetts
      • Middlesex Co.
        • Ashland
    		Gleba, 1978. Massachusetts Mineral & Fossil Localities
      • Norfolk Co.
    		Gleba, 1978. Mass. Mineral & Fossil Localities
      • Worcester Co.
        • Holden
    		Gleba, 1978. Massachusetts Mineral & Fossil Localities
    • Michigan
      • Iron Co.
        • Menominee iron range
          • Alpha
    		Mineralogy of Michigan (2004) Heinrich & Robinson
    • Missouri
      • Barton Co.
    		Dana 6: 1083.
    • Montana
      • Silver Bow Co.
    		The Mineralogy of The Butte District, Montana; Guilbert and Zeihen 1964
    The Mineralogy of The Butte District, Montana; Guilbert and Zeihen
    • Nevada
      • Carson City
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
      • Churchill Co.
    		NBMG Bull 83 Geology and Mineral Deposits of Churchill County, Nevada
      • Esmeralda Co.
        • Alum District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
      • Pershing Co.
        • Tobin and Sonoma Range District
    		R. C. Peterson et al.: Am. Min.: 90 (2005), in press
      • Storey Co.
    		R&M 74:6 p380-390
      • Washoe Co.
        • Steamboat Springs District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
        • Wedekind District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    • New Mexico
      • Quay Co.
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 526; Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
      • Rio Arriba Co.
    		Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
      • San Miguel Co.
    		Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd rev. ed, 1996
      • Santa Fe Co.
    		Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd Rev. Ed., 1996
          • Golden
            • Ortiz mine
    		Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
      • Taos Co.
        • Picuris District
    		Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
    • New York
      • Essex Co.
        • Crown Point Township
    		Jensen (1978) Minerals of New York State
    • Ohio
      • Cuyahoga Co.
        • Brooklyn Heights
    		No reference listed
    Minerals of Ohio Bull. 69 ODNR
      • Erie Co.
        • Florence township
    		Minerals of Ohio Bull. 69 ODNR
      • Franklin Co.
        • City of Columbus
    		Ernest H. Carlson. Jerret Whitford. \"Occurrence And Mineralogy Of Efflorescence In Late Devonian Black Shales, North-Central Ohio.\" 2002 GSA Meeting: Web: http://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2002AM/finalprogram/abstract_44706.htm
      • Huron Co.
        • Monroeville
          • West Branch Huron River
    		Minerals of Ohio Bull. 69 ODNR
      • Lorain Co.
        • Mill Hollow-Bacon Woods Park
    		Minerals of Ohio Bull. 69 ODNR
      • Meigs Co.
        • Langsville
    		Minerals of Ohio Bull. 69 ODNR
      • Ross Co.
        • Paxton Township
    		Minerals of Ohio Bull. 69 ODNR
      • Stark Co.
        • Paris
    		Minerals of Ohio Bull. 69 ODNR
    • South Dakota
      • Pennington Co.
        • Keystone Gold District
    		SDSMT Bull 18 Roberts and Rapp "Mineralogy of the Black Hills"
    SDSMT Bull 18 Roberts and Rapp "Mineralogy of the Black Hills"
    SDSMT Bull 18 Roberts and Rapp "Mineralogy of the Black Hills"
    • Tennessee
      • Sevier Co.
        • Great Smoky Mts
    		Coskren, T. D. & Lauf, R. J. (2000): The Minerals of Alum Cave Bluff, Great Smoky Mountains, Tennessee. Mineralogical Record, 31, 163-175.
    • Utah
      • Salt Lake Co.
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
      • San Juan Co.
        • White Canyon District
          • White Canyon
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
            • Uracop - Sunrise (Scenic Group; B and I)
    		USGS: Geological Survey Circular 217
    • Virginia
      • Buckingham Co.
        • Gold-Pyrite Belt
    		Minerals of Virginia 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
      • Carroll Co.
        • Southern Section-Blue Ridge Province
    		Minerals of Virginia 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
            • Fries
    		Minerals of Virginia 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
      • Floyd Co.
    		Minerals of Virginia 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
    Minerals of Virginia 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
      • Fredericksburg (City)
    		Minerals of Virginia 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
      • Grayson Co.
    		Minerals of Virginia 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
      • Louisa Co.
        • Gold-Pyrite Belt
          • Mineral
    		Minerals of Virginia 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
    Minerals of Virginia 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
    Mineral and/or Locality
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