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Ardealite

Big Photo

Moorba Cave, Jurien Bay, Western Australia, Australia
© 207, JGW

Formula:
Ca
 
2
[HPO
 
4
|SO
 
4
] · 4H
 
2
O
System:MonoclinicColour:Light yellow, yellow, ...
Hardness:1 - 1½
Name:From "Ardeal," the old Romanian name for Transylvania, wherein lies the type locality.


A secondary mineral resulting from the break down of bat guano in caves in reaction with calcite.

Classification of Ardealite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:6/C.22-30
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:8.CJ.50

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
C : Phosphates without additional anions, with H2O
J : With only large cations
Dana 8th edition ID:43.1.1.1

43 : COMPOUND PHOSPHATES, ETC.
1 : Acid Compound Phosphates, etc·
Hey's CIM Ref.:22.3.2

22 : Phosphates, Arsenates or Vanadates with other Anions
3 : Phosphates, arsenates or vanadates with sulphates
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Type Occurrence of Ardealite

Type Locality:Cioclovina cave, Hunedoara, Hunedoara Co., Romania
General Appearance of Type Material:Fine-grained, powdery masses.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:The Natural History Museum, London, England, UK: #1933,87.
Year of Discovery:1931
Geological Setting of type material:Limestone cave
Associated Minerals at type locality:
GypsumBrushite

Occurrences of Ardealite

Geological Setting:Limestone caves

Physical Properties of Ardealite

Diaphaneity (Transparency):Translucent
Colour:Light yellow, yellow, brownish yellow, colourless
Hardness (Mohs):1 - 1½
Density (measured):2.34 g/cm3
Density (calculated):2.32 g/cm3

Crystallography of Ardealite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Class (H-M):m - Domatic
Space Group:Bb {B1 1b} {Cc} {C1c1}
Cell Parameters:a = 5.721Å, b = 30.992Å, c = 6.25Å
β = 117.26°
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.185 : 1 : 0.202
Unit Cell Volume:V 985.08 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:4
Morphology:Crystals very thin platy, minute. Forms thin crusts and fine-grained pulverulent to clayey masses.
Comment:Space Group of Cc is based on synthetic material.

Optical Data of Ardealite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.531 nβ = 1.539 nγ = 1.546
2V:Measured: 86°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.015

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Low

Chemical Properties of Ardealite

Formula:
Ca
 
2
[HPO
 
4
|SO
 
4
] · 4H
 
2
O
Essential elements:Ca, H, O, P, S
All elements listed in formula:Ca, H, O, P, S

Relationship of Ardealite to other Species

Common Associates:
TaranakiteNewberyiteGypsumCarbonate-rich Apatite-(CaOH)Brushite
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
8.CJ.05Stercorite
NaNH
 
4
HPO
 
4
·4H
 
2
O
8.CJ.10Mundrabillaite
(NH
 
4
)
 
2
Ca(HPO
 
4
)
 
2
·H
 
2
O
8.CJ.10Swaknoite
(NH
 
4
)
 
2
Ca[HPO
 
4
]
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
8.CJ.15Nabaphite
NaBaPO
 
4
·9H
 
2
O
8.CJ.15Nastrophite
Na(Sr,Ba)PO
 
4
·9H
 
2
O
8.CJ.20Haidingerite
Ca[HAsO
 
4
] · H
 
2
O
8.CJ.25Vladimirite
Ca
 
5
[(HAsO
 
4
)
 
2
|(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
] · 5H
 
2
O
8.CJ.30Ferrarisite
Ca
 
5
[(HAsO
 
4
)
 
2
|(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
] · 9H
 
2
O
8.CJ.35Machatschkiite
(Ca,Na)
 
6
AsO
 
4
(AsO
 
3
OH)
 
3
(PO
 
4
,SO
 
4
)·15H
 
2
O
8.CJ.40Phaunouxite
Ca
 
3
[AsO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 11H
 
2
O
8.CJ.40Rauenthalite
Ca
 
3
[AsO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 10H
 
2
O
8.CJ.45Brockite
(Ca,Th,Ce)(PO
 
4
)·H
 
2
O
8.CJ.45Grayite
(Th,Pb,Ca)PO
 
4
·H
 
2
O
8.CJ.45Rhabdophane-(Ce)
(Ce,La)PO
 
4
·H
 
2
O
8.CJ.45Rhabdophane-(La)
(La,Ce)PO
 
4
·H
 
2
O
8.CJ.45Rhabdophane-(Nd)
(Nd,Ce,La)PO
 
4
·H
 
2
O
8.CJ.45Tristramite
(Ca,U,Fe)(PO
 
4
,SO
 
4
)·2H
 
2
O
8.CJ.45UM1997-20-AsO:HU
U
4+
 
(HAsO
 
4
)
 
2
·4H
 
2
O
8.CJ.45Smirnovskite
ThCa[PO
 
4
]
 
2
 ·nH
 
2
O
8.CJ.50Brushite
CaHPO
 
4
·2H
 
2
O
8.CJ.50Churchite-(Y)
YPO
 
4
·2H
 
2
O
8.CJ.50Pharmacolite
CaHAsO
 
4
·2H
 
2
O
8.CJ.50Churchite-(Nd)
NdPO
 
4
·2H
 
2
O
8.CJ.55Mcnearite
NaCa
 
5
[(HAsO
 
4
)
 
4
|AsO
 
4
] · 4H
 
2
O
8.CJ.60Dorfmanite
Na
 
2
(PO
 
3
OH)·2H
 
2
O
8.CJ.65Sincosite
CaV
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
O
 
2
·5H
 
2
O
8.CJ.65Bariosincosite
Ba(V
4+
 
O)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
·4H
 
2
O
8.CJ.70Catalanoite
Na
 
2
[HPO
 
4
] · 8H
 
2
O
8.CJ.75Guérinite
Ca
 
5
[(HAsO
 
4
)
 
2
|(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
] · 9H
 
2
O
8.CJ.85Ningyoite
CaU(PO
 
4
)
 
2
·1-2H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
22.3.1Parnauite
Cu
 
9
[(OH)
 
10
|SO
 
4
|(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
] · 7H
 
2
O
22.3.3Machatschkiite
(Ca,Na)
 
6
AsO
 
4
(AsO
 
3
OH)
 
3
(PO
 
4
,SO
 
4
)·15H
 
2
O
22.3.4Clinotyrolite
Ca
 
2
Cu
 
9
[(OH,O)
 
10
|(AsO
 
4
,SO
 
4
)
 
4
] · 10H
 
2
O
22.3.5Peisleyite
Na
 
3
Al
 
16
[SO
 
4
|(PO
 
4
)
 
5
]
 
2
 · 20H
 
2
O
22.3.6Chalcophyllite
Cu
 
18
Al
 
2
[(OH)
 
9
|SO
 
4
|AsO
 
4
]
 
3
 · 33H
 
2
O
22.3.7Woodhouseite
CaAl
 
3
[(OH)
 
6
|SO
 
4
|PO
 
4
]
22.3.8Schlossmacherite
(H
 
3
O,Ca)Al
 
3
[(OH)
 
6
|(SO
 
4
,AsO
 
4
)
 
2
]
22.3.9Svanbergite
SrAl
 
3
[(OH)
 
6
|SO
 
4
|PO
 
4
]
22.3.10Kemmlitzite
(Sr,Ce)Al
 
3
[(OH)
 
6
|SO
 
4
|AsO
 
4
]
22.3.11Sanjuanite
Al
 
2
[OH|SO
 
4
|PO
 
4
] · 9H
 
2
O
22.3.12Kribergite
Al
 
5
[(OH)
 
4
|SO
 
4
|(PO
 
4
)
 
3
] · 4H
 
2
O
22.3.13Hotsonite
Al
 
11
[(OH)
 
21
|(SO
 
4
)
 
3
|(PO
 
4
)
 
2
] · 16H
 
2
O
22.3.14Weilerite
22.3.15Tsumebite
Pb
 
2
Cu[OH|SO
 
4
|PO
 
4
]
22.3.16Arsentsumebite
Pb
 
2
Cu[OH|SO
 
4
|AsO
 
4
]
22.3.17Hinsdalite
PbAl
 
3
[(OH)
 
6
|SO
 
4
|PO
 
4
]
22.3.18Hidalgoite
PbAl
 
3
[(OH)
 
6
|SO
 
4
|AsO
 
4
]
22.3.19Orpheite
PbAl
 
3
[(OH)
 
6
|(PO
 
4
,SO
 
4
)
 
2
] (?)
22.3.20Coconinoite
Fe
3+
2
Al
 
2
(UO
 
2
)
 
2
[(OH)
 
2
|SO
 
4
|(PO
 
4
)
 
4
] · 20H
 
2
O
22.3.21Sasaite
(Al,Fe
3+
 
)
 
14
[(OH)
 
7
|SO
 
4
|(PO
 
4
)
 
11
] · 83H
 
2
O
22.3.22Tristramite
(Ca,U,Fe)(PO
 
4
,SO
 
4
)·2H
 
2
O
22.3.23Corkite
PbFe
 
3
[(OH)
 
6
|SO
 
4
|PO
 
4
]
22.3.24Beudantite
PbFe
 
3
[(OH)
 
6
|SO
 
4
|AsO
 
4
]
22.3.25Diadochite
Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)(SO
 
4
)(OH)·5H
 
2
O
22.3.26Sarmientite
Fe
3+
2
[OH|SO
 
4
|AsO
 
4
] · 5H
 
2
O
22.3.27Bukovskýite
Fe
3+
2
[OH|SO
 
4
|AsO
 
4
] · 7H
 
2
O
22.3.28Zýkaite
Fe
3+
4
[OH|SO
 
4
|(AsO
 
4
)
 
3
] · 15H
 
2
O
22.3.29Tooeleite
Fe
3+
6
(AsO
 
3
)
 
4
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
4
· 4H
 
2
O
22.3.30Pitticite
[Fe, SO
 
4
, AsO
 
4
, H
 
2
O] ?
22.3.31Xiangjiangite
(Fe
3+
 
,Al)(UO
 
2
)
 
4
[OH|(SO
 
4
)
 
2
|(PO
 
4
)
 
2
] · 22H
 
2
O

Other Names for Ardealite

Other Languages:
German:Ardealit
Russian:Ардеалит
Spanish:Ardealita

Other Information

Other Information:Commonly intermixed with Brushite and Gypsum.
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Ardealite

Reference List:Halla (1931) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 80: 349.

Schadler (1932) Centralblatt für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paleontologie, Stuttgart: 40.

American Mineralogist (1932): 17: 251 (abstract).

Hill and Hendricks (1936) Indust. Eng. Chem.: 28: 440 (Rist analysis cited).

Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 1010-1011.

Sakae, T., H. Nagata, and T. Sudo (1978) The crystal structure of synthetic calcium phosphate-sulfate hydrate, Ca2HPO4SO4 •4H2O, and its relation to brushite and gypsum. American Mineralogist: 63: 520–527.

Aslanian, S. & Stoilova, D. (1982): Étude de l'ardéalite, membre intermédiaire
du système gypse-brushite. Bull. Minéral., 105, 621–624.

Balenzano, F., L. Dell’Anna, M. Di Pierro, and S. Fiore (1984) Ardealite, CaHPO4CaSO4 •4H2O : a new occurrence and new data. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paleontologie, Heidelberg, Stuttgart, Monatsh., 461–467.

Internet Links for Ardealite

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    Localities for Ardealite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • Western Australia
      • Jurien Bay
    		Helictite 13:19-33
    Bahamas
     
    • San Salvador District
      • San Salvador Island
    		Carb.&Evap. v.16 no.1 (2001)
    Hungary
     
    • Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén Co.
      • Aggteleki Mts.
        • Aggtelek
    		GEODA/2007/1
    Italy
     
    • Puglia
      • Bari Province
        • Altamura
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: Handbook of Mineralogy, Vol. IV
    Balenzano, F., Dell'Ann,a L. & Di Pierro, M. (1974a): Ricerche mineralogiche su alcuni fosfati rinvenuti nelle Grotte di Castellana (Bari): strengite alluminifera, vivianite, taranakite, brushite e idrossiapatite. Rendiconti della Società Italiana di Mineralogia e Petrologia, 30(2), 543-573.
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Chugoku region
        • Hiroshima prefecture
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: Handbook of Mineralogy, Vol. IV
    Malaysia
     
    • Borneo Island
      • Sarawak
    		Mineralogical Magazine (1983): 47: 79-80.
    Mexico
     
    • Coahuila
      • Mun. de Cuatrociénegas
        • Cuatro Ciénegas (Cuatrociénegas de Carranza; Venustiano Carranza)
          • Limestone caves
    		Forti, P. et al. (2006): ACTA CARSOLOGICA 35/1, 79–98.
    Romania
     
    • Caras-Severin Co.
      • Banat Mts
        • Locvei Mts
    		Onac, B.P., Zaharia, L., Kearns, J. & Veres, D. (2007): Vashegyite from Gaura cu Musca Cave (Locvei Mountains, Romania): a new and rare phosphate occurrence. International J. of Speleology, 35, 67-73.
    • Hunedoara Co.
      • Cerna valley
    		Onac, B. P. (2009): ACTA CARSOLOGICA 38/1, 27-39
      • Hunedoara
    		Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig (1931) 80, 349-352; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 1010.
    Slovakia
     
    • Košice Region
      • Slovenský kras Mts
        • Hrušov
    		Cílek V., 2003: Mineralogické výzkumy v Hrušovské jeskyni ve Slovenském krasu. Slov.Kras, XLI, 225-227
    South Africa
     
    • Northwest Province
    		Minerals of South Africa
    Venezuela
     
    • Miranda
    		Urbani, 1997. Bol. Soc. Venezolana de Espeleología, no.30.
    Mineral and/or Locality
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    Copyright © Jolyon Ralph and Ida Chau 1993-2009. Site Map. Locality, mineral & photograph data are the copyright of the individuals who submitted them.Further information contact the Site hosted & developed by Jolyon Ralph. Mindat.org is an online information resource dedicated to providing free mineralogical information to all. Mindat relies on the contributions of hundreds of members and supporters. If you would like to add information to improve the quality of our database, then click here to register. Current server date and time: 19th Nov 2009 09:00:00