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Pollucite

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Big Photo

Paprok Mine (Papruk Mine; Paprowk Mine), Kamdesh District, Nuristan Province (Nurestan Province; Nooristan Province; Nuristan), Afghanistan
© Van King

Show Pollucite Photos (78)



Formula:
(Cs,Na)
 
2
(Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
) · 2H
 
2
O
System:IsometricColour:Almost always colorless ...
Hardness:6½
Member of:Zeolite Group
Name:Named after Pollux, a figure from Greek mythology, brother of Castor, for its common association with "castorite" (petalite). The name was later changed to the current Pollucite.
Isostructural with:Analcime


Zeolite Group. Analcime-Pollucite Series. The cesium analogue of Analcime.

Visit gemdat.org for gemological information about Pollucite. Currently in public beta-test.

Classification of Pollucite

IMA status:Approved
Strunz 8th edition ID:8/J.27-20
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:9.GB.05

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
G : Tektosilicates with zeolitic H2O; zeolite family
B : Chains of single connected 4-membered rings
Dana 7th edition ID:77.1.1.2
Dana 8th edition ID:77.1.1.2

77 : TECTOSILICATES Zeolites
1 : Zeolite group - True zeolites
Hey's CIM Ref.:16.5.1

16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
5 : Aluminosilicates of Cs, NH4 and Cu
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Type Occurrence of Pollucite

Type Locality:La Speranza (Pisani's Quarry), San Piero in Campo, Campo nell'Elba, Elba Island, Livorno Province, Tuscany, Italy
Year of Discovery:1846

Physical Properties of Pollucite

Lustre:Vitreous, Sub-Vitreous, Resinous, Waxy, Greasy
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent, Translucent
Comment:Rarely as strong vitreous luster as quartz
Colour:Almost always colorless or white, also light gray, light pink, light blue, pale violet
Comment:May be slightly pink due to montmorillonite inclusions
Streak:white
Hardness (Mohs):6½
Tenacity:Very brittle
Cleavage:None Observed
Fracture:Sub-Conchoidal
Comment:Very brittle when compared with quartz; frequently shows splintery broken fragments
Density (measured):2.9 g/cm3
Density (calculated):2.96 g/cm3

Crystallography of Pollucite

Crystal System:Isometric
Class (H-M):m3m (4/m 3 2/m) - Hexoctahedral
Space Group:Ia3d {I41/a 3 2/d}
Cell Parameters:a = 13.67Å
Unit Cell Volume:V 2 ų
Z:16
Morphology:Almost always massive, rarely in trapezohedral or cubic crystals usually with both forms present, but either form may be dominant.
Comment:A monoclinic variety (C2/c) has also been reported (Kamiya et al., 2008). Pollucite may probably be (as is analcime) cubic, tetragonal, orthorhombic, monoclinic or triclinic, depending on ordering.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
Image Loading

Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Horizontal Axis: ° to ° Vertical Axis: % Source Data: Filtered Data:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
d-spacingIntensity
3.65 (30)
3.42 (100)
2.91 (45)
2.42 (20)
2.22 (20)
1.86 (20)
1.74 (20)
1.71 (10)
Comments:25-194; also 29-407 (synthetic material)

Optical Data of Pollucite

Type:Isotropic
Pleochroism:Non-pleochroic
Comments:Refractive index 1.508-1.528

Chemical Properties of Pollucite

Formula:
(Cs,Na)
 
2
(Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
) · 2H
 
2
O
Essential elements:Al, Cs, H, O, Si
All elements listed in formula:Al, Cs, H, Na, O, Si
Common Impurities:Fe,Ca,K,Rb

Relationship of Pollucite to other Species

Series:Forms a series with Analcime (see here)
Member of:Zeolite Group
Other Members of Group:

- +
Alflarsenite
NaCa
 
2
Be
 
3
Si
 
4
O
 
13
(OH) · 2H
 
2
O
Amicite
K
 
2
Na
 
2
Al
 
4
Si
 
4
O
 
16
 · 5H
 
2
O
Ammonioleucite
(NH
 
4
,K)(AlSi
 
2
O
 
6
)
Analcime
Na
 
2
(Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
) · 2H
 
2
O
Barrerite
(Na,K,Ca
 
0.5
)
 
2
[Al
 
2
Si
 
7
O
 
18
] · 7H
 
2
O
Bellbergite
(K,Ba,Sr)
 
2
Sr
 
2
Ca
 
2
(Ca,Na)
 
4
[Al
 
3
Si
 
3
O
 
12
]
 
6
 · 30H
 
2
O
Bikitaite
LiAlSi
 
2
O
 
6
 · H
 
2
O
Boggsite
Ca
 
8
Na
 
3
(Si,Al)
 
96
O
 
192
 · 70H
 
2
O
Brewsterite
Brewsterite-Ba
(Ba,Sr)[Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
16
] · 5H
 
2
O
Brewsterite-Sr
(Sr,Ba,Ca)[Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
16
] · 5H
 
2
O
Chabazite
Chabazite-Ca
(Ca,K
 
2
,Na
 
2
)
 
2
[Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
]
 
2
 · 12H
 
2
O
Chabazite-K
(K
 
2
,Ca,Na
 
2
,Sr,Mg)
 
2
[Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
]
 
2
 · 12H
 
2
O
Chabazite-Levyne Subgroup
Chabazite-Mg
(Mg
 
0.7
K
 
0.5
Ca
 
0.5
Na
 
0.1
)[Al
 
3
Si
 
9
O
 
24
]·10H
 
2
O
Chabazite-Na
(Na
 
2
,K
 
2
,Ca,Sr,Mg)
 
2
[Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
]
 
2
 · 12H
 
2
O
Chabazite-Sr
Sr
 
2
[Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
]
 
2
 · 12H
 
2
O
Chiavennite
CaMnBe
 
2
Si
 
5
O
 
13
(OH)
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
Clinoptilolite-Ca
(Ca,Na,K)
 
2-3
Al
 
3
(Al,Si)
 
2
Si
 
13
O
 
36
 · 12H
 
2
O
Clinoptilolite-K
(K,Na,Ca)
 
2-3
Al
 
3
(Al,Si)
 
2
Si
 
13
O
 
36
 · 12H
 
2
O
Clinoptilolite-Na
(Na,K,Ca)
 
2-3
Al
 
3
(Al,Si)
 
2
Si
 
13
O
 
36
 · 12H
 
2
O
Cowlesite
CaAl
 
2
Si
 
3
O
 
10
 · 6H
 
2
O
Dachiardite-Ca
(Ca,Na
 
2
,K
 
2
)
 
5
Al
 
10
Si
 
38
O
 
96
 · 25H
 
2
O
Dachiardite-Na
(Na
 
2
,Ca,K
 
2
)
 
5
Al
 
10
Si
 
38
O
 
96
 · 25H
 
2
O
Direnzoite
NaK
 
6
MgCa
 
2
(Al
 
13
Si
 
47
O
 
120
) · 36H
 
2
O
Edingtonite
Ba[Al
 
2
Si
 
3
O
 
10
] · 4H
 
2
O
Epistilbite
CaAl
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
16
 · 5H
 
2
O
Erionite
Erionite-Ca
(Ca,K
 
2
,Na
 
2
)
 
2
[Al
 
4
Si
 
14
O
 
36
] · 15H
 
2
O
Erionite-K
(K
 
2
,Ca,Na
 
2
)
 
2
[Al
 
4
Si
 
14
O
 
36
] · 15H
 
2
O
Erionite-Na
(Na
 
2
,K
 
2
,Ca)
 
2
[Al
 
4
Si
 
14
O
 
36
] · 15H
 
2
O
Faujasite Subgroup
Faujasite-Ca
(Ca,Na
 
2
,Mg)
 
3.5
[Al
 
7
Si
 
17
O
 
48
] · 32H
 
2
O
Faujasite-Mg
(Mg,Na
 
2
,Ca)
 
3.5
[Al
 
7
Si
 
17
O
 
48
] · 32H
 
2
O
Faujasite-Na
(Na
 
2
,Ca,Mg)
 
3.5
[Al
 
7
Si
 
17
O
 
48
] · 32H
 
2
O
Ferrierite
Ferrierite-K
(K
 
2
,Na
 
2
,Mg,Ca)
 
3-5
Mg[Al
 
5-7
Si
 
27.5-31
O
 
72
] · 18H
 
2
O
Ferrierite-Mg
(Mg,Na
 
2
,K
 
2
,Ca)
 
3-5
Mg[Al
 
5-7
Si
 
27.5-31
O
 
72
] · 18H
 
2
O
Ferrierite-Na
(Na
 
2
,K
 
2
,Mg,Ca)
 
3-5
Mg[Al
 
5-7
Si
 
27.5-31
O
 
72
] · 18H
 
2
O
Flörkeite
(K
 
3
Ca
 
2
Na)[Al
 
8
Si
 
8
O
 
32
] · 12H
 
2
O
Garronite
Na
 
2
Ca
 
5
Al
 
12
Si
 
20
O
 
64
 · 27H
 
2
O
Gaultite
Na
 
4
Zn
 
2
Si
 
7
O
 
18
 · 5H
 
2
O
Gismondine
Gismondine-Ba
Ba
 
2
Al
 
4
Si
 
4
O
 
16
 · 4-6H
 
2
O
Gismondine-Ca
CaAl
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
8
 · 4H
 
2
O
Gmelinite
Gmelinite-Ca
(Ca,Na
 
2
)[Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
] · 6H
 
2
O
Gmelinite-K
(K
 
2
,Na
 
2
,Ca)[Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
] · 6H
 
2
O
Gmelinite-Na
(Na
 
2
,Ca)[Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
] · 6H
 
2
O
Gobbinsite
Na
 
4
(Ca,Mg,K
 
2
)Al
 
6
Si
 
10
O
 
32
 · 12H
 
2
O
Gonnardite
(Na,Ca)
 
2
(Si,Al)
 
5
O
 
10
 · 3H
 
2
O
Goosecreekite
Ca[Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
16
] · 5H
 
2
O
Gottardiite
Na
 
3
Mg
 
3
Ca
 
5
Al
 
19
Si
 
117
O
 
272
 · 93H
 
2
O
Harmotome
(Ba
 
0.5
,Ca
 
0.5
,K,Na)
 
5
[Al
 
5
Si
 
11
O
 
32
] · 12H
 
2
O
Heulandite-Ba
(Ba,Ca,K,Na,Sr)
 
5
Al
 
9
Si
 
27
O
 
72
 · 22H
 
2
O
Heulandite-Ca
(Ca,Na)
 
2-3
Al
 
3
(Al,Si)
 
2
Si
 
13
O
 
36
 · 12H
 
2
O
Heulandite-K
(K,Na,Ca)
 
2-3
Al
 
3
(Al,Si)
 
2
Si
 
13
O
 
36
 · 12H
 
2
O
Heulandite-Na
(Na,Ca)
 
2-3
Al
 
3
(Al,Si)
 
2
Si
 
13
O
 
36
 · 12H
 
2
O
Heulandite-Sr
(Sr,Na,Ca)
 
2-3
Al
 
3
(Al,Si)
 
2
Si
 
13
O
 
36
 · 12H
 
2
O
Hsianghualite
Ca
 
3
Li
 
2
(Be
 
3
Si
 
3
O
 
12
)F
 
2
IMA2012-039
Ca
 
1-2
Fe[(Si,Al,Be)
 
5
Be
 
2
O
 
13
(OH)
 
2
]•2H
 
2
O
Laumontite
CaAl
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
 · 4H
 
2
O
Leucite
K(AlSi
 
2
O
 
6
)
Lévyne
Lévyne-Ca
(Ca,Na
 
2
,K
 
2
)[Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
] · 6H
 
2
O
Lévyne-Na
(Na
 
2
,Ca,K
 
2
)[Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
] · 6H
 
2
O
Lovdarite
(Na,K,Ca)
 
4
(Be,Al)
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
Maricopaite
Pb
 
7
Ca
 
2
(Si,Al)
 
48
O
 
100
 · 32H
 
2
O
Mazzite-Mg
K
 
2
Mg
 
2
Ca
 
1.5
Al
 
9.5
Si
 
26.5
O
 
72
 · 28H
 
2
O or near
Mazzite-Na
Na
 
4
[Al
 
4
Si
 
14
O
 
36
]
 
2
 · 30H
 
2
O
Merlinoite
(K,Na)
 
5
(Ca,Ba)
 
2
Al
 
9
Si
 
23
O
 
64
 · 23H
 
2
O
Mesolite
Na
 
2
Ca
 
2
Si
 
9
Al
 
6
O
 
30
 · 8H
 
2
O
Montesommaite
(K,Na)
 
9
Al
 
9
Si
 
23
O
 
64
 · 10H
 
2
O
Mordenite
(Na
 
2
,Ca,K
 
2
)Al
 
2
Si
 
10
O
 
24
 · 7H
 
2
O
Mutinaite
Na
 
3
Ca
 
4
Si
 
85
Al
 
11
O
 
192
 · 60H
 
2
O
Nabesite
Na
 
2
BeSi
 
4
O
 
10
 · 4H
 
2
O
Natrolite
Na
 
2
Al
 
2
Si
 
3
O
 
10
 · 2H
 
2
O
Natrolite Subgroup
Offretite
KCaMgAl
 
5
Si
 
13
O
 
36
 · 16H
 
2
O or near
Pahasapaite
Li
 
8
(Ca,Li,K)
 
10.5
Be
 
24
(PO
 
4
)
 
24
 · 38H
 
2
O
Paranatrolite
Na
 
2
Al
 
2
Si
 
3
O
 
10
 · 3H
 
2
O
Parthéite
CaAl
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
8
 · 2H
 
2
O
Paulingite
Paulingite-Ca
(Ca,K
 
2
,Na
 
2
,Ba)
 
5
[Al
 
10
Si
 
35
O
 
90
] · 45H
 
2
O
Paulingite-K
(K
 
2
,Ca,Na
 
2
,Ba)
 
5
[Al
 
10
Si
 
35
O
 
90
] · 45H
 
2
O
Paulingite-Na
(Na
 
2
,K
 
2
,Ca,Ba)
 
5
[Al
 
10
Si
 
35
O
 
90
] · 45H
 
2
O
Perlialite
K
 
9
Na(Ca,Sr)[Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
]
 
6
 · 15H
 
2
O
Phillipsite-Ca
(Ca
 
0.5
,K,Na,Ba
 
0.5
)
 
4-7
[Al
 
4-7
Si
 
12-9
O
 
32
.
 
 12H2O
Phillipsite-K
(K,Na,Ca
 
0.5
,Ba
 
0.5
)
 
4-7
[Al
 
4-7
Si
 
12-9
O
 
32
]
.
 
 12H
 
2
O
Phillipsite-Na
(Na,K,Ca
 
0.5
,Ba
 
0.5
)
 
4-7
[Al
 
4-7
Si
 
12-9
O
 
32
] · 12H
 
2
O
Roggianite
Ca
 
2
Be(OH)
 
2
Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
13
 · 2.5H
 
2
O
Scolecite
CaAl
 
2
Si
 
3
O
 
10
 · 3H
 
2
O
Stellerite
Ca[Al
 
2
Si
 
7
O
 
18
] · 7H
 
2
O
Stilbite
Stilbite-Ca
NaCa
 
4
[Al
 
9
Si
 
27
O
 
72
] · nH
 
2
O
Stilbite-Na
(Na,Ca,K)
 
6-7
[Al
 
8
Si
 
28
O
 
72
] · nH
 
2
O
Terranovaite
(Na,Ca)
 
8
(Si
 
68
Al
 
12
)O
 
160
 · 29H
 
2
O
Tetranatrolite
Thomsonite-Ca
NaCa
 
2
[Al
 
5
Si
 
5
O
 
20
] · 6H
 
2
O
Thomsonite-Sr
Na(Sr,Ca)
 
2
[Al
 
5
Si
 
5
O
 
20
] · 7H
 
2
O
Tschernichite
(Ca,Na
 
2
)[Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
] · 4-8H
 
2
O
Tschörtnerite
Ca
 
4
(Ca,Sr,K,Ba)
 
3
Cu
 
3
[(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
3
Si
 
3
O
 
12
]
 
4
 · nH
 
2
O
Wairakite
Ca(Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
) · 2H
 
2
O
Weinebeneite
CaBe
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
Wenkite
(Ba,K)
 
4
(Ca,Na)
 
6
[(SO
 
4
)
 
3
|(Si,Al)
 
20
O
 
39
(OH)
 
2
] · 0.5H
 
2
O
Willhendersonite
KCa[Al
 
3
Si
 
3
O
 
12
] · 5H
 
2
O
Yugawaralite
CaAl
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
Common Associates:
LepidoliteElbaite
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
9.GB.05Ammonioleucite
(NH
 
4
,K)(AlSi
 
2
O
 
6
)
9.GB.05Analcime
Na
 
2
(Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
) · 2H
 
2
O
9.GB.05Hsianghualite
Ca
 
3
Li
 
2
(Be
 
3
Si
 
3
O
 
12
)F
 
2
9.GB.05Lithosite
K
 
6
Al
 
4
Si
 
8
O
 
25
 · 2H
 
2
O
9.GB.05Leucite
K(AlSi
 
2
O
 
6
)
9.GB.05Wairakite
Ca(Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
) · 2H
 
2
O
9.GB.05Kirchhoffite
Cs(B
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
)
9.GB.10Laumontite
CaAl
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
 · 4H
 
2
O
9.GB.15Yugawaralite
CaAl
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
9.GB.20Roggianite
Ca
 
2
Be(OH)
 
2
Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
13
 · 2.5H
 
2
O
9.GB.25Goosecreekite
Ca[Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
16
] · 5H
 
2
O
9.GB.30Montesommaite
(K,Na)
 
9
Al
 
9
Si
 
23
O
 
64
 · 10H
 
2
O
9.GB.35Parthéite
CaAl
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
8
 · 2H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
16.5.2Nanpingite
CsAl
 
2
(AlSi
 
3
O
 
10
)(OH,F)
 
2
16.5.3Buddingtonite
(NH
 
4
)AlSi
 
3
O
 
8
16.5.4Ammonioleucite
(NH
 
4
,K)(AlSi
 
2
O
 
6
)
16.5.5Tobelite
(NH
 
4
,K)Al
 
2
(AlSi
 
3
O
 
10
)(OH)
 
2
16.5.6Ajoite
(K,Na)Cu
 
7
AlSi
 
9
O
 
24
(OH)
 
6
 · 3H
 
2
O
16.5.7Papagoite
CaCu[H
 
3
AlSi
 
2
O
 
9
]
Related Minerals - Dana Grouping):

- +
77.1.1.1Analcime
Na
 
2
(Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
) · 2H
 
2
O
77.1.1.3Wairakite
Ca(Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
) · 2H
 
2
O

Other Names for Pollucite

Synonyms:
Caesium Silicate
Other Languages:
German:Pollucit
Japanese:ポルクス石
Latin:Pollux
Russian:Поллуцит
Simplified Chinese:铯沸石
Spanish:Pollucita

Other Information

Fluorescence in UV light:Usually non-fluorescent, rarely may have a pale yellow fluorescence in SW UV.
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Pollucite

Reference List:

- +
American Mineralogist (1967): 52: 1515-1518.

Černý, P. (1974) The present status of the analcime-pollucite series. Canadian Mineralogist: 12: 334-341.

Černý, P. and Simpson, F.M. (1978) The Tanco pegmatite at Bernic Lake, Manitoba. X. Pollucite. Canadian Mineralogist: 16: 325-333.

Černý, P. (1979) Pollucite and its alteration in geological occurrences and in deep-burial radioactive waste disposal. Scientific basis for Nuclear Waste Management: 1: 231-236.

Wang, X.J., Zou, T.R., Xu, J.G., Yu, X.Y., and Qiu, Y.Z. (1981) Study of pegmatite minerals of the Altai region. Science Publishing House, Beijing, China.

Sebastian, A. and Lagache, M. (1990) Experimental study of the equilibrium between pollucite, albite, and hydrothermal fluid in pegamtite systems. Mineralogical Magazine: 54: 447-454.

Teertstra, D.K. and Černý, P. (1992) Controls on morphology of analcime-pollucite in natural minerals, synthetic phases, and nuclear waste products. Crystal Research Technology: 27: 931-939.

Teertstra, D.K., Černý, P., and Chapman, R. (1992) Compositional heterogeneity ad alteration of pollucite from High Grade Dyke, southeastern Manitoba. Canadian Mineralogist: 30: 687-697.

Canadian Mineralogist (1994): 32: 69.

Legache, M. (1995) New experimental data on the stability of the pollucite-analcime series: application to natural assemblages. European Journal of Mineralogy: 7: 319-323.

Teertstra, D.K. and Černý, P. (1995) First natural occurrences of end-member pollucite: A product of low-temperature reequilibration. European Journal of Mineralogy: 7: 1137-1148.

Teertstra, D.K., Černý, P., and Novák, M. (1995) Compositional and textural evolution of pollucite in pegmatites of the Maldanubicum. Mineralogy and Petrology: 55: 37-51.

London, D., Morgan, G.B., VI, and Icehower, J. (1998) Stability and solubility of pollucite in granitic system at 200 MPa H2O. Canadian Mineralogist: 36: 497-510.

Zhu, J.C., Wu, C.N., Liu, C.S., Li, F.C., Huang, X.L., and Zhou, D.S. (2000) Magmatic-hydrothermal evolution and genesis of Koktokay no. 3 rare metal pegmatite dyke, Altai, China. Geological Journal of China Universities: 6(1): 40-52 (in Chinese with English abstract).

Mineralogical Record: 30: 5-6.

Zeitschrift für Kristallographie: 129: 280-302.

Ogorodova, L.P., Melchakova, L.V., Kiseleva, I.A., and Belitsky, I.A. (2003) Thermochemical study of natural pollucite. Thermochimica Acta: 403: 251-256.

Wang, R.C., Hu, H., Zhang, A.C., Huang, X.L., and Ni., P. (2004) Pollucite and the cesium-dominant analogue of polylithionite as expressions of extreme Cs enrichment in the Yichun topaz-lepidolite granite, southern China. Canadian Mineralogist: 42: 883-896.

Wang, R.C., Hu, H., Zhang, A.C., Fontan, F., Zhang, H., and de Parseval, P. (2006) Occurrence and late re-equilibration of pollucite from the Koktokay no. 3 pegmatite, Altai, northwestern China. American Mineralogist: 91: 729-739.

Natsumi Kamiya, Koji Nishi and Yoshinobu Yokomori (2008): Crystal structure of pollucite. Z. Kristallogr. 223, 584–590.

Gatta, G. Diego, et al (2009) On the Crystal structure and crystal chemistry of pollucite, (Cs,Na)16Al16Si32O96·nH2O: A natural microporous material of interest in nuclear technology, American Mineralogist: 94(11-12): 1560-1568.

Internet Links for Pollucite

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    • Localities for Pollucite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Afghanistan
     
    • Badakhshan Province (Badakshan Province; Badahsan Province)
      • Yaftali Sufla District
        • Koksha Valley (Kokscha Valley; Kokcha Valley)
          • Talbuzanak pegmatite field
    		Orris, G.J., and Bliss, J.D. (2002): Mines and Mineral Occurrences of Afghanistan. United States Geological Survey Open-File Report 02-110
    • Konar Province (Kunar Province; Konarh Province; Konarha Province; Nuristan)
      • Chapa Dara District
    		Orris, G.J., and Bliss, J.D. (2002): Mines and Mineral Occurrences of Afghanistan. United States Geological Survey Open-File Report 02-110
    • Laghman Province (Lagman Province; Nuristan)
      • Alingar District (Alinghar District)
    		Orris, G.J., and Bliss, J.D. (2002): Mines and Mineral Occurrences of Afghanistan. United States Geological Survey Open-File Report 02-110.
      • Mihtarlam District
    		Orris, G.J., and Bliss, J.D. (2002): Mines and Mineral Occurrences of Afghanistan. United States Geological Survey Open-File Report 02-110.
    • Nangarhar Province (Ningarhar Province)
      • Surkh Rod District
        • Surkh-Rod (Surk-Rod) pegmatite field
    		Orris, G.J., and Bliss, J.D. (2002): Mines and Mineral Occurrences of Afghanistan. United States Geological Survey Open-File Report 02-110
    Orris, G.J., and Bliss, J.D. (2002): Mines and Mineral Occurrences of Afghanistan. United States Geological Survey Open-File Report 02-110
    • Nuristan Province (Nurestan Province; Nooristan Province; Nuristan)
      • Du Ab District
        • Nilaw-Kolum pegmatite field
    		Orris, G.J., and Bliss, J.D. (2002): Mines and Mineral Occurrences of Afghanistan. United States Geological Survey Open-File Report 02-110
    David Eicher
    Orris, G.J., and Bliss, J.D. (2002): Mines and Mineral Occurrences of Afghanistan. United States Geological Survey Open-File Report 02-110
      • Kamdesh District
    		Lyckberg, P. (2011): Edelstein-Pegmatite in Afghanistan: Paprok. Mineralien-Welt. 22 (3): 46-57
      • Nuristan District
    		Orris, G.J., and Bliss, J.D. (2002): Mines and Mineral Occurrences of Afghanistan. United States Geological Survey Open-File Report 02-110
    Bariand, P. and Poullen, J.F. (1978). Famous mineral localities: The pegmatites of Laghman - Nuristan - Afghanistan. Mineralogical Record. 9: 301-308.
      • Wama District (Vama District)
        • Parun pegmatite field (Paroon; Parown)
    		Orris, G.J., and Bliss, J.D. (2002): Mines and Mineral Occurrences of Afghanistan. United States Geological Survey Open-File Report 02-110
    Orris, G.J., and Bliss, J.D. (2002): Mines and Mineral Occurrences of Afghanistan. United States Geological Survey Open-File Report 02-110
    Australia
     
    • Western Australia
      • Bridgetown-Greenbushes Shire
        • Greenbushes Tinfield
    		Econ Geol (1995) 90:616-635
    Brazil
     
    • Minas Gerais
      • Doce valley
    		Morteani, G., Preinfalk, C., and Horn, A.H. (2000): Mineralium Deposita 35, 638-655.
      • Jequitinhonha valley
        • Itinga
          • Monte Belo
    		[MinRec 12:74]
    Burma (Myanmar)
     
    • Shan State
      • Kyaukme District
        • Momeik Township
    		Themelis, Ted, 2008, Gems and Mines of Mogok.
    Canada
     
    • Manitoba
      • Lac-du-Bonnet area
        • Bernic Lake
    		Econ Geol (1995) 90:658-675
    Černý, P. and Simpson, F.M. (1978) The Tanco pegmatite at Bernic Lake, manitoba. X. Pollucite. Canadian Mineralogist: 16: 325-333; Tschernich, R. (1992): Zeolites of the World, p.51,428; American Mineralogist, Volume 94, pages 439–450, 2009; Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 11,pp.591-608 (1972)
        • Cat Lake - Winnipeg River pegmatite field
          • Maskwa Lake
    		Teertstra, D.K. et al. ( 1992): "Compositional heterogeneity of pollucite from High Grade Dyke, Maskwa Lake, southeastern Manitoba". Can. Mineral., 30, pp. 687-697; Tschernich, R. (1992): Zeolites of the World, p.428; Teertstra, D. K.; Černý, P.; Ottolini, L. (1999): Stranger in paradise. Liddicoatite from the High-Grade Dike pegmatite, southeastern Manitoba, Canada. European Journal of Mineralogy 11, 227-235.
      • Red Cross Lake
    		Xianjue Wang, Xiaolin Xiong, and Cerny, P. (2002): Geochimica 5, 481-486; Černý, O., Teertstra, D.K., Chapman, R., Selway, J.B., Hawthorne, F.C., Ferreira, K., Chackowsky, L.E., Wang, X.J. & and Meintzer, R.E. (2012)
    • Northwest Territories
      • O'Grady Lake area
    		CanMin 41:117-137
    • Ontario
      • Kenora District
        • Fort Hope
          • Lilypad Lakes pegmatites
    		J.C. Pedersen (2000) Report on 2000 Winter Diamond Drill Program Lilypad Lakes Tantalum - Cesium Property. Assessment File
        • Red Lake
    		Andrew G. Tindle, Fred W. Breaks and Julie B. Selway (2002) Tourmaline in petalite-subtype granitic pegmatites; evidence of fractionation and contamination from the Paleagama Lake and Separation Lake areas of northwestern Ontario, Canada. The Canadian Mineralogist 40:753-78
    Tindle, A.G., Breaks, F.W., and Selway, J.B. (2002) Tourmaline in petalite-subtype gramitic pegmatites: evidence of fractionation and contamination from Pakeagama Lake and Separation Lake areas of northwestern Ontario, Canada. Canadian Mineralogist, 40, 753-788.
    • Québec
      • Abitibi-Témiscamingue
        • Abitibi RCM
          • La Corne
    		Sabina, A.P. (2003): Rocks & Minerals for the collector; Kirkland Lake - Rouyn-Noranda - Val d'Or, Ontario & Quebec. GSC Misc. Report 77, 169p.
      • Nord-du-Québec
        • Baie-James
    		Potter, E. G., Taylor, R. P., Jones, P. C., Lalonde A. E., Pearse, G. H. K., and Rowe, R., 2009, Sokolovaite and evolved lithian micas from the Eastern Moblan pegmatite, Canadian Mineralogist, v 47, p. 337-349.
    China
     
    • Fujian Province
      • Nanping Prefecture
        • Yanping District
          • Nanping pegmatite field
    		Can Rao, Rucheng Wang, and Huan Hu (2009): Geological Journal of China Universities 15(4), 496-505.
    • Jiangxi Province
      • Yichun Prefecture
        • Yuanzhou District
          • Yichun complex (Yashan batholith)
    		Rucheng Wang, Huan Hu, Aicheng Zhang, Xiaolong Huang, and Pei Ni (2004): Canadian Mineralogist 42(3), 883-896.; Lin Yin, Pollard, P.J., Hu Shouxi, and Taylor, R.G. (1995): Economic Geology 90(3), 577-585
    • Xinjiang Autonomous Region
      • Hami Prefecture (Kumul Prefecture; Qumul Prefecture)
        • Hami Co. (Kumul Co.; Qumul Co.)
          • Huangshan-Jing'erquan ore belt
    		Yanling Tang (2005): Non-metallic deposits of Xinjiang, China [Zhongguo Xinjiang Fei Jinshu Kuangchuang]. Geological Publishing House (Beijing), 289 pp.
      • Yili Hasake Autonomous Prefecture (Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture)
        • Aletai Prefecture (Altay Prefecture)
          • Fuhai Co. (Burultokay Co.)
    		Yanling Tang (2005): Non-metallic deposits of Xinjiang, China [Zhongguo Xinjiang Fei Jinshu Kuangchuang]. Geological Publishing House (Beijing), 289 pp.
          • Fuyun Co. (Koktokay Co.)
            • Koktokay pegmatite field (Keketuohai pegmatite field)
              • Altay Mine
    		http://www.smartminerals.com/cina2004/art_China_localities.htm
    Yanling Tang (2005): Non-metallic deposits of Xinjiang, China [Zhongguo Xinjiang Fei Jinshu Kuangchuang]. Geological Publishing House (Beijing), 289 pp.
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • South Bohemia Region
        • Český Krumlov
    		Welser, P. et al.: Lithný pegmatit Nová Ves. Minerál, Special volume, 2007, roč. 15.
    • Moravia (Mähren; Maehren)
      • Vysočina Region
        • Jihlava (Iglau)
    		Miškovský, J.: Doplňky k mineralogii lithného pegmatitu u Jeclova na Jihlavsku. Časopis Moravského musea v Brně, Vědy přírodní, 1960, roč. 45, s. 25-29.
    Miskovsky, Josef (1955): Pollucite from Puklice near Jihlava. Casopis Moravskeho Musea, Vedy Prirodni 40, 89-92.; Bull. Minéral., 1984, 107, pp. 369-384.
        • Žďár nad Sázavou
          • Věžná
    		www.cseg.ca/conferences/2000/556.PDF.
    Egypt
     
    • Red Sea Governorate
      • Eastern Desert
    		Gehad M. Saleh (2007) Rare-Metal Pegmatites from the Southeastern Desert, Egypt: Geology, Geochemistry, and Petrogenesis. International Geology Review Vol. 49:824-843.
    Ethiopia
     
    • Sidamo-Borana Province
      • Kenticha pegmatite field
    		A Geological Excursion To The Mesozoic Sediments Of The Abay Basin ( Blue Nile), Recent Volcanics Of The Ethiopian Main Rift And Basement Rocks Of The Adola Rea, Ethiopia. Mitt. Österr. Miner. Ges. 147 (2002)
    Finland
     
    • Southern Finland Region
      • Tammela
    		H-J Wilke (1976) Mineralfundstellen, Band 4, Skandinavien
    • Western and Inner Finland Region
      • Orivesi
        • Eräjärvi area
    		Sandström, F. & Lahti, S.I. (2009): Viitaniemipegmatiten i Eräjärvi, Orivesi, Finland. Litiofilen 26 (1): 11-38
    India
     
    • West Bengal
      • Purulia District
    		Monoj Maitra, B. Chattopadhyay, S. K. Sengupta and S. Nandy (2007) Presence of Niobian Rutile and Its Exsolution Phases in Rare Element Pegmatite of Belamu Area, Purulia District, West Bengal. Journal Geological Society of India 74:296-298
    Monoj Maitra, B. Chattopadhyay, S. K. Sengupta and S. Nandy (2007) Presence of Niobian Rutile and Its Exsolution Phases in Rare Element Pegmatite of Belamu Area, Purulia District, West Bengal. Journal Geological Society of India 74:296-298
    Italy
     
    • Latium
      • Viterbo Province
        • Vico Lake
    		Della Ventura, G., Bellatreccia, F., Caprilli, E., Rossi, P., Tamagnini, F., Fiori, S., 2004. Dieci anni di micromineralogia laziale. Il Cercapietre. Not. del Gruppo Mineralogico Romano, 1-2
    Luigi Mattei specimen
    • Tuscany
      • Livorno Province
        • Elba Island
          • Campo nell'Elba
            • San Piero in Campo
    Orlandi, P., & Pezzotta, F. (1997). Minerali dell'Isola d'Elba. Edizioni Novecento Grafico, Bergamo, 249 pp.
    A. Beithaupt (1846) - Neue Mineralien: Kastor und Pollux - Poggend. An., 69: 436-439.
    F. Pezzotta, F.C. Hawthorne, M.A. Cooper, D.K. Teerstra (1996) - Fibrous foitite from S. Piero in Campo, Elba, Italy. - Canad. Min., 34: 741-744.
            • Sant'Ilario in Campo
              • Catri
                • Fosso Marcianella Pegmatite
    		Field Trip Excursion Programm IMA, May 29, 2005 (M.E. Ciriotti).
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Kanto Region
        • Ibaraki Prefecture
          • Hitachiohta City
    		Sakurai et al (1977) Ganseki-Koubutsu-Koshogaku Zasshi, 72, 13-27.
    • Kyushu Region
      • Fukuoka Prefecture
    		www.petrovrareminerals.com/articles02.html
    Madagascar
     
    • Antananarivo Province
      • Vakinankaratra Region
        • Betafo District
          • Andrembesoa Commune
            • FKT Antsentsindrano
    		Pezzotta, F.; Diella, V. & Demartin, F. (2003): Londonit aus Madagaskar- eine neue Mineralart. Lapis 35 (2), 35-38
        • Sahatany Pegmatite Field (Mt Ibity area)
          • Manandona Valley
    		Lefevre, M. & Thomas, L. (1998): Les pegmatites de la vallée de la Sahatany, Madagascar. Le Règne Minéral no 19, 15-28
          • Sahatany Valley
    		Larsen, K. E. (2003): Mineralene i Sahatany pegmatittfelt, Madagaskar. Bergverksmuseets skrifter 25, 5-18 (in norwegian)
    Behier, J. (1960): Contribution á la mineralogie de Madagascar. Annales Géologiques de Madagascar XXIX, Tananarive
    Alain Hanson Collection
    • Fianarantsoa Province
      • Amoron'i Mania Region
    		De Ascenção Guedes, R., Lebocey, J., Bayle, L.-D. & Chappero, P.-J. (2011): Munich 2011. Le Règne Minerál. 102, 10-29 [p. 22]
    Mozambique
     
    • Zambezia Province
      • Alto Ligonha District
    		Bettencourt Dias, M. and Wilson, W.E.(2000): Famous mineral localities: The Alto Ligonha pegmatites (Mozambique. Mineralogical Record. 31, 459-497
    Dias, M. Bettencourt and Wilson, W. E., 2000, Mineralogical Record, 31:459-497.
    Dias, M. Bettencourt and Wilson, W. E., 2000, Mineralogical Record, 31:459-497.
    Dias, M. Bettencourt and Wilson, W. E., 2000, Mineralogical Record, 31:459-497.
    Dias, M. Bettencourt and Wilson, W. E., 2000, Mineralogical Record, 31:459-497.
    Namibia
     
    • Erongo Region
      • Karibib District
        • Etiro Farm 50
    		Bezing, L. von, Bode, R. & Jahn, S. (2008): Namibia Minerals and Localities. Edition Schloss Freudenstein, Bode Verlag GmbH, Haltern, 679 pp. (in English)
        • Okongava Ost Farm 72
    		Bezing, L. von, Bode, R. & Jahn, S. (2008): Namibia Minerals and Localities. Edition Schloss Freudenstein, Bode Verlag GmbH, Haltern, 679 pp. (in English)
    Keller, P. (1991): The occurrence of Li-Fe-Mn phosphate minerals in granitic pegmatites of Namibia. Communs. Geol. Surv. Namibia, 7, 21-34.
    Bezing, L. von, Bode, R. & Jahn, S. (2008): Namibia Minerals and Localities. Edition Schloss Freudenstein, Bode Verlag GmbH, Haltern, 679 pp. (in English)
    - Bezing, L. von, Bode, R. & Jahn, S. (2007): Namibia. Mineralien und Fundstellen. Edition Schloss Freudenstein, Bode Verlag, Haltern, 411 pp. (in English)
    Pakistan
     
    • Gilgit-Baltistan (Northern Areas)
      • Baltistan
        • Skardu District
          • Braldu Valley
    		Baluwet, D., 2004. Pakistan: Minerals, Mountains and Majesty, Lapis International, 96 p.
    Dudley Blauwet, Bill Smith and Carol Smith (2004) Table of mineral localities of the northern areas of Pakistan and other selected sites. (in "Pakistan: Minerals, Mountains & Majesty", Lapis International, East Hampton, Connecticut); Dudley Blauwet, Bill Smith and Carol Smith (2004) Table of mineral localities of the northern areas of Pakistan and other selected sites. (in "Pakistan: Minerals, Mountains & Majesty", Lapis International, East Hampton, Connecticut)
          • Haramosh Mts.
            • Chamachhu
    		Blauwet, et al, 1997, Aguide to the Mineral Localities of the Northern Areas, Pakistan. Mineralogical Record 28(3), 183-200.
    No reference listed
    AM Mizunaka
          • Shigar Valley
    		Reiner Mielke
    Poland
     
    • Lower Silesia (Dolnośląskie)
      • Dzierżoniów District
        • Piława Górna
    		Pieczka A., Szełęg E., Szuszkiewicz A., Łodziński M., Nejbert K., Turniak K., Ilnicki S., Banach M., Michałowski P. & Różniak R. 2010: Lithium pegmatite from the DSS Piława Górna mine, Góry Sowie Block, southwestern Poland. Mineralogia - Special Papers, vol. 37, 99
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Transbaikalia (Zabaykalye)
        • Chitinskaya Oblast'
          • Krasnyi Chikoy
    		Rainer Thomas, Paul Davidson and Elena Badanina (2010) Water- and Boron-Rich Melt Inclusions in Quartz from the Malkhan Pegmatite, Transbaikalia, Russia. Minerals 2012, 2, 435-458.
    [Lapis 1993:1 p13-15]
    [MinRec 32:44]
    International Geological Congress (2008) MRD-06 The Sosedka gem tourmaline-rich mine: Emplacement of extremely chemically heterogeneous pegmatite-forming medium
          • Menza District
    • Northern Region
      • Murmanskaja Oblast'
        • Kola Peninsula
          • Voron'i Tundry
    		Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
    Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
    South Africa
     
    • Northern Cape Province
      • Namaqualand
        • Steinkopf
    		Minerals of South Africa
    Sweden
     
    • Södermanland
      • Utö
    		Langhof, J., Jonson, E, Gustafsson, L. & Otter, B. (1998): Utö- en klassisk svensk mineralfyndort. Bergverksmuseets Skrift 14, 29-31
    • Västerbotten
      • Skellefteå
    		Grensman, F & Langhof, J.(1991):Åkerberget. Guldgruva med litiumpegmatite. STEIN 18(2),20-22
    No reference listed
    UK
     
    • England
      • Devon
        • Okehampton area (Northern Dartmoor)
    		http://www.mineralman.f9.co.uk/quarries/meldon.htm
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Yavapai Co.
        • White Picacho District
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 332; Galbraith, F.W. & D.J. Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 89.
    • California
      • San Diego Co.
        • Mesa Grande District
          • Gem Hill
    		Rynerson, F. J. 1967. Exploring and mining for Gems and Gold in the West. Happy Camp, California: Naturegraph Publishers, Inc., 204 pages.
        • Pala District
          • Pala
    		Jahns, Richard Henry & Wright, Lauren A. (1951), Gem and lithium-bearing pegmatites of the Pala district, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines Special Report 7-A: p. 31.
        • Volcan Mts
          • Ranchita
    		Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 370.
        • Warner Springs District
          • Warner Springs
    		Rocks & Minerals, May-June 2003
    • Colorado
      • Gunnison Co.
        • Quartz Creek Pegmatite District
    		Rocks & Min. Vol.71, No.3, p.193
    Van King; Bob Cobban
    • Connecticut
      • Fairfield Co.
        • Town of Ridgefield
    		Januzzi, R.E. and Seaman, David M. (1976) Mineral Localities Of Connecticut and Southern New York State and Pegmatite Minerals of the World.
      • Hartford Co.
        • Glastonbury
          • South Glastonbury
    		Januzzi, R.E. and Seaman, David M. (1976) Mineral Localities Of Connecticut and Southern New York State and Pegmatite Minerals of the World, p.148.
      • Middlesex Co.
        • Haddam
    		Rocks & Min.: 70:402
        • Portland
          • Collins Hill
            • Strickland pegmatite (Strickland-Cramer Quarry; Strickland-Cramer Mine; Strickland-Cramer Feldspar-Mica Quarries)
    		Januzzi, 1976. Mineral Localities of Connecticut and Southeastern New York State (Taylor Assoc./Mineralogical Press)
    Rocks & Min.: 70:382; Rocks & Minerals (1970) 45:443-449; Rocks & Minerals (1970) 45:595-600; Barton and Goldsmith (1968)
    • Maine
      • Androscoggin Co.
        • Auburn
          • East Mount Apatite District
    		King, V. and Foord, E., 1994, Mineralogy of Maine, v. 1.
    King, V. and Foord, E., 1994, Mineralogy of Maine, v. 1.
          • West Mount Apatite District
    		No reference listed
        • Minot
    		Van King
      • Franklin Co.
        • D Township
    		No reference listed
      • Oxford Co.
        • Buckfield
    		King, V. and Foord, E., 1994, Mineralogy of Maine, V. 1, King, V. (ed.), 2000, Mineralogy of Maine, V. 2.
    King, V. and Foord, E., 1994, 2000, Mineralogy of Maine, V. 1., V.2
    No reference listed
    No reference listed
    Rocks & Min.: 62:403-404.
        • Greenwood
    		No reference listed
    Rocks & Min.: 58:181.; Mineral News (1993) 9:2 p. 8
          • Uncle Tom Mountain
    		American Mineralogist; November-December 2009; v. 94; no. 11-12; p. 1560-1568
        • Hebron
    		No reference listed
    USGS Bull 445
        • Newry
    		Shainin and Dellwig (1955)
    King, V. and Foord, E., 1994, Mineralogy of Maine, V. 1; King, V. (ed), 2000, Mineralogy of Maine, V. 2.
        • Norway
    		No reference listed
        • Paris
    		King, V. and Foord, E., 2000, Mineralogy of Maine.
    King, V. T. and Foord, E. E., 1994, Mineralogy of Maine, Descriptive Mineralogy, volume 1, Maine Geological Survey, Augusta, Maine, USA, pp. 418 + 88 plates. "Maine Mineral Localites, 3rd Ed." by Thompson, W.B., et.al. , 1998
        • Rumford
    		No reference listed
        • West Paris
    		Hess et al. (1943)
    • Massachusetts
      • Hampshire Co.
        • Chesterfield
    		No reference listed
        • Goshen
    		Shaub, B. M and Schenck, B. J. (1954). Pollucite From Lithia, Massachusetts (American Mineralogist 39:661); "Western Massachusetts Mineral Localites" by Plante, A.R., Valley Geology Press, 1992
      • Worcester Co.
        • Leominster
    		Billings, 1944.Spodumene Deposits in the Leominster-Sterling Area; Richmond and Gonyer, 1937. On Pollucite (AmMin 23:783)
    • North Carolina
      • Mitchell Co.
        • Spruce Pine District
    		Wise MA,Brown CD (2009) Extreme rare-earth element enrichment in a muscovite -rare element class granitic pegmatite: A case study of the spodumene-amazonite McHone pegmatite,Spruce Pine,North Carolina:Southeast Geology 46:155-172
      • Yancey Co.
        • Spruce Pine District
          • Burnsville
            • Hurricane Mountain
    		"Mineralogy and History of the Ray Mica Mine, Yancey County, NC"
    • South Dakota
      • Custer Co.
        • Custer District
          • Fourmile
    		Rocks & Minerals: 60: 117-118; Meeves, H., et al (1966), Reconnaissance of beryllium-bearing pegmatite deposits in six western states, US Bur. Mines Info. Circ. 8298: 32 (Table A-1).Januzzi, R.E. and Seaman, David M. (1976) Mineral Localities Of Connecticut and Southern New York State and Pegmatite Minerals of the World. ; Staatz, M. H.; Page, L. R.; Norton, J. J.; Wilmarth, V. R. (1963) Exploration for beryllium at the Helen Beryl, Elkhorn, and Tin Mountain pegmatites, Custer County, South Dakota. USGS Prof. Paper 297C.
      • Pennington Co.
        • Hill City District
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    • Wisconsin
      • Florence Co.
        • Fern
    		The Mineralogy and Geochemistry of the Animikie Red Ace Pegmatite, Florence County, Wisconsin. Alexander U. Falster, Wm. B. Simmons, and Karen L. Webber, Recent Research Developments in Mineralogy, 1(1996)
    Zimbabwe
     
    • Mashonaland East
      • Mudzi District
    		Hornung. G. PhD thesis. Pegmatites of th N. Mtoko Region. University of Leeds, Research Institute of African Geology. !961
    • Masvingo
      • Bikita Area
    		http://geology.csupomona.edu/drjessey/class/GSC433/Pegmatites.htm
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