Exact matching result shown. To search for other matches click here
Portlandite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
This page is currently not sponsored. Click here to sponsor this page.
About Portlandite
Formula:
Ca(OH)2
Colour:
Colorless, white to greenish white
Lustre:
Pearly
Hardness:
2 - 3
Specific Gravity:
2.227 - 2.233
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Member of:
Name:
In allusion to the occurrence of Ca(OH)2 as a product of hydration of portland cement.
Type Locality:
Rare in nature, but an important phase in cement materials and concrete. Indicative of a very high pH value.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
3264
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3264:9
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
4d9d1c27-74e2-45cb-b661-212340e10456
IMA Classification of Portlandite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
First published:
1933
Type description reference:
Classification of Portlandite
4.FE.05
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
F : Hydroxides (without V or U)
E : Hydroxides with OH, without H2O; sheets of edge-sharing octahedra
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
F : Hydroxides (without V or U)
E : Hydroxides with OH, without H2O; sheets of edge-sharing octahedra
6.2.1.4
6 : HYDROXIDES AND OXIDES CONTAINING HYDROXYL
2 : X(OH)2
6 : HYDROXIDES AND OXIDES CONTAINING HYDROXYL
2 : X(OH)2
7.4.12
7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
4 : Oxides of Be, Mg and the alkaline earths
7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
4 : Oxides of Be, Mg and the alkaline earths
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMAâCNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Por | IMAâCNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMAâCNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Portlandite
Pearly
Transparency:
Transparent
Comment:
Pearly on cleavages.
Colour:
Colorless, white to greenish white
Streak:
White
Hardness:
2 - 3 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Sectile
Cleavage:
Perfect
{0001}
{0001}
Density:
2.227 - 2.233 g/cm3 (Measured) 2.26 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Portlandite
Type:
Uniaxial (-)
RI values:
nω = 1.575 nε = 1.547
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.028
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Low
Chemistry of Portlandite
Mindat Formula:
Ca(OH)2
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Portlandite
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Class (H-M):
3m (3 2/m) - Hexagonal Scalenohedral
Space Group:
P3m1
Setting:
P3m1
Cell Parameters:
a = 3.589(8) Å, c = 4.911(14) Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 1.368
Unit Cell V:
54.78 Ă
Âł (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
1
Morphology:
Minute hexagonal plates. Tabular {0001}, with {1010} as linear faces (artificial material). fibrous, powdery, massive.
Crystal Structure
Load
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Show
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
Remove metal-metal sticks
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
Remove metal-metal sticks
Display Options
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
View
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
Rotation
Stop | Start
Stop | Start
Labels
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0000116 | Portlandite | Henderson D M, Gutowsky H S (1962) A nuclear magnetic resonance determination of the hydrogen positions in Ca(OH)2 American Mineralogist 47 1231-1251 | 1962 | 0 | 83 | ||
0000117 | Portlandite | Henderson D M, Gutowsky H S (1962) A nuclear magnetic resonance determination of the hydrogen positions in Ca(OH)2 American Mineralogist 47 1231-1251 | 1962 | 0 | 298 | ||
0020244 | Portlandite | Iizuka R, Yagi T, Komatsu K, Gotou H, Tsuchiya T, Kusaba K, Kagi H (2013) Crystal structure of the high-pressure phase of calcium hydroxide, portlandite: In situ powder and single crystal X-ray diffraction study American Mineralogist 98 1421-1428 | 2013 | synthetic | 8.9 | 293 | |
0008414 | Portlandite | Nagai T, Ito T, Hattori T, Yamanaka T (2000) Compression mechanism and amorphization of portlandite, Ca(OH)2: structural refinement under pressure Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 27 462-466 | 2000 | 0.5 | 293 | ||
0008415 | Portlandite | Nagai T, Ito T, Hattori T, Yamanaka T (2000) Compression mechanism and amorphization of portlandite, Ca(OH)2: structural refinement under pressure Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 27 462-466 | 2000 | 2.4 | 293 | ||
0008416 | Portlandite | Nagai T, Ito T, Hattori T, Yamanaka T (2000) Compression mechanism and amorphization of portlandite, Ca(OH)2: structural refinement under pressure Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 27 462-466 | 2000 | 4.3 | 293 | ||
0008417 | Portlandite | Nagai T, Ito T, Hattori T, Yamanaka T (2000) Compression mechanism and amorphization of portlandite, Ca(OH)2: structural refinement under pressure Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 27 462-466 | 2000 | 6.3 | 293 | ||
0008418 | Portlandite | Nagai T, Ito T, Hattori T, Yamanaka T (2000) Compression mechanism and amorphization of portlandite, Ca(OH)2: structural refinement under pressure Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 27 462-466 | 2000 | 8.1 | 293 | ||
0008419 | Portlandite | Nagai T, Ito T, Hattori T, Yamanaka T (2000) Compression mechanism and amorphization of portlandite, Ca(OH)2: structural refinement under pressure Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 27 462-466 | 2000 | 9.7 | 293 | ||
0009069 | Portlandite | Xu H, Zhao Y, Zhang J, Hickmott D D, Daemen L L (2007) In situ neutron diffraction study of deuterated portlandite Ca(OD)2 at high pressure and temperature Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 34 223-232 | 2007 | 0.07 | 293 | ||
0009070 | Portlandite | Xu H, Zhao Y, Zhang J, Hickmott D D, Daemen L L (2007) In situ neutron diffraction study of deuterated portlandite Ca(OD)2 at high pressure and temperature Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 34 223-232 | 2007 | 0.15 | 293 | ||
0009071 | Portlandite | Xu H, Zhao Y, Zhang J, Hickmott D D, Daemen L L (2007) In situ neutron diffraction study of deuterated portlandite Ca(OD)2 at high pressure and temperature Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 34 223-232 | 2007 | 0.78 | 293 | ||
0009072 | Portlandite | Xu H, Zhao Y, Zhang J, Hickmott D D, Daemen L L (2007) In situ neutron diffraction study of deuterated portlandite Ca(OD)2 at high pressure and temperature Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 34 223-232 | 2007 | 1.61 | 293 | ||
0009073 | Portlandite | Xu H, Zhao Y, Zhang J, Hickmott D D, Daemen L L (2007) In situ neutron diffraction study of deuterated portlandite Ca(OD)2 at high pressure and temperature Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 34 223-232 | 2007 | 2.08 | 293 | ||
0009074 | Portlandite | Xu H, Zhao Y, Zhang J, Hickmott D D, Daemen L L (2007) In situ neutron diffraction study of deuterated portlandite Ca(OD)2 at high pressure and temperature Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 34 223-232 | 2007 | 2.35 | 293 | ||
0009075 | Portlandite | Xu H, Zhao Y, Zhang J, Hickmott D D, Daemen L L (2007) In situ neutron diffraction study of deuterated portlandite Ca(OD)2 at high pressure and temperature Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 34 223-232 | 2007 | 2.44 | 293 | ||
0009076 | Portlandite | Xu H, Zhao Y, Zhang J, Hickmott D D, Daemen L L (2007) In situ neutron diffraction study of deuterated portlandite Ca(OD)2 at high pressure and temperature Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 34 223-232 | 2007 | 3.4 | 293 | ||
0009077 | Portlandite | Xu H, Zhao Y, Zhang J, Hickmott D D, Daemen L L (2007) In situ neutron diffraction study of deuterated portlandite Ca(OD)2 at high pressure and temperature Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 34 223-232 | 2007 | 4.53 | 293 | ||
0009874 | Portlandite | Desgranges L, Grebille D, Calvarin g, Chevrier G, Floquet N, Niepce J (1993) Hydrogen thermal motion in calcium hydroxide: Ca (O H)2 _cod_database_code 1001768 Acta Crystallographica B49 812-817 | 1993 | 0 | 293 | ||
0009875 | Portlandite | Desgranges L, Grebille D, Calvarin g, Chevrier G, Floquet N, Niepce J (1993) Hydrogen thermal motion in calcium hydroxide: Ca (O H)2 _cod_database_code 1001769 Acta Crystallographica B49 812-817 | 1993 | 0 | 293 | ||
0009876 | Portlandite | Desgranges L, Grebille D, Calvarin g, Chevrier G, Floquet N, Niepce J (1993) Hydrogen thermal motion in calcium hydroxide: Ca (O H)2 _cod_database_code 1001787 Acta Crystallographica B49 812-817 | 1993 | 0 | 293 | ||
0009877 | Portlandite | Desgranges L, Grebille D, Calvarin g, Chevrier G, Floquet N, Niepce J (1993) Hydrogen thermal motion in calcium hydroxide: Ca (O H)2 _cod_database_code 1001788 Acta Crystallographica B49 812-817 | 1993 | 0 | 293 | ||
0011777 | Portlandite | Wyckoff R W G (1963) Second edition. Interscience Publishers, New York, New York Crystal Structures 1 239-444 | 1963 | 0 | 293 | ||
0012953 | Portlandite | Busing W, Levy H (1957) Neutron diffraction study of calcium hydroxide _cod_database_code 1000045 Journal of Chemical Physics 26 563-568 | 1957 | 0 | 293 | ||
0016656 | Portlandite | Busing W, Levy H (1957) Neutron diffraction study of calcium hydroxide _cod_database_code 1008781 Journal of Chemical Physics 26 563-568 | 1957 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
2.628 Ă | (100) |
4.90 Ă | (74) |
1.927 Ă | (42) |
1.796 Ă | (36) |
3.112 Ă | (23) |
1.687 Ă | (21) |
1.484 Ă | (13) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
High-đ alteration and/or metamorphism | |
31 : Thermally altered carbonate, phosphate, and iron formations | |
33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12]) | |
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
45b : [Other oxidized fumarolic minerals] | |
Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere | <0.6 |
50 : Coal and/or oil shale minerals | <0.36 |
51 : Pyrometamorphic minerals (see also #54 and #56) | <0.36 |
Stage 10b: Anthropogenic minerals | <10 Ka |
54 : Coal and other mine fire minerals (see also #51 and #56) | |
56 : Slag and smelter minerals (see also #51 and #55) |
Type Occurrence of Portlandite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Microscopic euhedral crystals in cavities.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
The Natural History Museum, London, England, 1933,307.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Alteration product of calcium silicates in larnite-spurrite contact metamorphic rocks.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Tilley C E (1933) Portlandite, a new mineral from Scawt Hill, Co. Antrim. Mineralogical Magazine 23, 419-420
Other Language Names for Portlandite
Russian:ĐĐŸŃŃĐ»Đ°ĐœĐŽĐžŃ
Simplified Chinese:æ°ąæ°§éçł
çŸéçł
çŸéçł
Spanish:Portlandita
Traditional Chinese:æ°«æ°§éŁçł
矄éŁçł
矄éŁçł
Relationship of Portlandite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
Amakinite | Fe2+(OH)2 | Trig. |
Brucite | Mg(OH)2 | Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : P3m1 |
Pyrochroite | Mn(OH)2 | Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : P3m1 |
Theophrastite | Ni(OH)2 | Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : P3m1 |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
6 photos of Portlandite associated with Andradite | Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3 |
5 photos of Portlandite associated with Bentorite | Ca6Cr2(SO4)3(OH)12 · 26H2O |
5 photos of Portlandite associated with Ettringite | Ca6Al2(SO4)3(OH)12 · 26H2O |
4 photos of Portlandite associated with Oldhamite | (Ca,Mg)S |
4 photos of Portlandite associated with Fluorite | CaF2 |
4 photos of Portlandite associated with Periclase | MgO |
4 photos of Portlandite associated with Spurrite | Ca5(SiO4)2(CO3) |
4 photos of Portlandite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
3 photos of Portlandite associated with Thaumasite | Ca3(SO4)[Si(OH)6](CO3) · 12H2O |
3 photos of Portlandite associated with Cuspidine | Ca8(Si2O7)2F4 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
4.FE.05 | Amakinite | Fe2+(OH)2 |
4.FE.05 | Brucite | Mg(OH)2 |
4.FE.05 | Pyrochroite | Mn(OH)2 |
4.FE.05 | Theophrastite | Ni(OH)2 |
4.FE.10 | Bayerite | Al(OH)3 |
4.FE.10 | Doyleite | Al(OH)3 |
4.FE.10 | Gibbsite | Al(OH)3 |
4.FE.10 | Nordstrandite | Al(OH)3 |
4.FE.15 | Böhmite | AlO(OH) |
4.FE.15 | Lepidocrocite | Îł-Fe3+O(OH) |
4.FE.20 | Grimaldiite | CrO(OH) |
4.FE.20 | Heterogenite | Co3+O(OH) |
4.FE.25 | Feitknechtite | Mn3+O(OH) |
4.FE.25 | Lithiophorite | (Al,Li)MnO2(OH)2 |
4.FE.30 | Quenselite | PbMnO2(OH) |
4.FE.35 | Ferrihydrite | Fe3+10O14(OH)2 |
4.FE.40 | Feroxyhyte | Fe3+O(OH) |
4.FE.40 | Vernadite | (Mn4+,Fe3+,Ca,Na)(O,OH)2 · nH2O |
4.FE.45 | Quetzalcoatlite | Zn6Cu3(TeO6)2(OH)6 · AgxPbyClx+2y |
4.FE.50 | Fuettererite | Pb3Cu2+6Te6+O6(OH)7Cl5 |
Other Information
Thermal Behaviour:
In a closed tube it gives off water.
Notes:
Portlandite is slightly water soluble (~1.73 g/L at 20°C), yielding a high pH solution. Portlandite is also soluble in acids and in glycerin; however, it is insoluble in ethanol.
Reacts with clove oil a being gradually stained yellow; the oil itself also develops a yellowish tint. Portlandite is unaffected by mixtures of cedar-wood oil and a-monobromonaphthalene.
Reacts with clove oil a being gradually stained yellow; the oil itself also develops a yellowish tint. Portlandite is unaffected by mixtures of cedar-wood oil and a-monobromonaphthalene.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Portlandite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3264.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Portlandite
Reference List:
Localities for Portlandite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
â - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Angola | |
| Amores-Casals et al. (2019) |
Australia | |
| Birch (1996) |
Belgium | |
| Rui Nunes collection |
Canada | |
| Manor et al. (2014) |
| Sokolov S.V. (2010) |
| Daniel F. Rosa and Robert F. Martin (2010) |
China | |
| Zhongtang Yang et al. (2008) +1 other reference |
Czech Republic | |
| HrĆĄelovĂĄ et al. (2013) |
France | |
| Chollet et al. (2013) |
| XRD analysis (B. Devouard and E. MĂ©dard, Clermont-Ferrand) |
| Eytier J.R. & Ch. et al. (2004) |
Germany | |
| Pöllmann (1991) |
| David Nieto collection |
| Bender et al. (1994) |
| Hentschel (1961) |
| in the collection of Christof SchÀfer |
| [Jasmund et al. (Eifel) |
Galuskin et al. (2016) | |
| Wet Chemical by Gerhard Möhn |
| SchĂŒller et al. (1986) |
| T. Witzke & F. RĂŒger: Lapis 1998 (7/8) |
Hungary | |
| SzakĂĄll-JĂĄnosi: Minerals of Hungary |
Israel | |
| Galuskin et al. (2015) |
Sharygin +7 other references | |
Italy | |
| Russo et al. (2004) |
Russo et al. (2004) | |
| Stoppa et al. (2019) |
| Carlini et al. (2018) |
| Passaglia et al. (1982) |
| Rivista Mineralogica Italiana (3) |
| Ciriotti et al. (2004) +1 other reference |
| Forti et al. (1995) +2 other references |
| Stoppa F. et al. (2010) +2 other references |
Jordan | |
| Pitty et al. (2010) |
| Sokol et al. (2016) |
Sokol +9 other references | |
| Khoury et al. (1982) +2 other references |
Mexico | |
| Ward's Natural Science Establishment ... |
Middle East | |
Mineralogical Magazine 1963 33 : ... +1 other reference | |
Norway | |
| Bancroft et al. (2001) |
Oman | |
| Neal et al. (1984) |
Palestine | |
| Galuskin et al. (2015) |
Shulamit Gross (1977) | |
Poland | |
| Ćukasz Kruszewski PXRD data |
| Kruszewski L. 2006: Oldhamite-periclase-portlandite-fluorite assemblage and coexisting minerals of burnt dump in Siemianowice ĆlÄ skie - DÄ brĂłwka Wielka area (Upper Silesia, Poland) |
Romania | |
| Marincea et al. (2014, September) +1 other reference |
| Marincea +2 other references |
Russia | |
| Pavel M. Kartashov data (2012) |
| Cesnokov et al. (1998) |
| Anthony (1997) |
| Sokolov (2014) |
| Sokolov (2014) |
South Africa | |
| Sokolov S.V. (2010) |
| Cairncross et al. (1995) |
| Von Bezing et al. (1991) |
Cairncross et al. (1995) | |
Speziale et al. (2008) | |
Sweden | |
| Sandström et al. (2010) |
Tajikistan | |
| Sokolov S.V. (2010) +1 other reference |
Tunisia | |
| Dill |
UK | |
| Henmi et al. (1973) +1 other reference |
| Tilley (1933) +1 other reference |
USA | |
| Roadcap et al. (2005) |
Dietrich (1990) |
Quick NavTopAbout PortlanditeUnique IdentifiersIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Crystallography Crystal StructureX-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence Other LanguagesRelationshipsCommon AssociatesStrunz-MindatOther InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
N'Chwaning I Mine, N'Chwaning Mines, Joe Morolong Local Municipality, John Taolo Gaetsewe District Municipality, Northern Cape, South Africa