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Aenigmatite

Big Photo

Eveslogchorr Mt, Khibiny Massif, Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Northern Region, Russia
© Sergey Vasiliev

Show Aenigmatite Photos (9)
Formula:
Na
 
2
Fe
2+
5
TiO
 
2
]Si
 
6
O
 
18
]
System:TriclinicColour:Brown, black
Lustre:VitreousHardness:5½ - 6
Name:From the Greek "ainigma," a riddle, alluding to the problematical nature of the mineral.
This page provides mineralogical data about Aenigmatite.

Classification of Aenigmatite

IMA status:Approved
Strunz 8th edition ID:8/F.14-20
Strunz 9th edition ID:9.DH.40
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:9.DH.40

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
H : Inosilicates with 4-periodic single chains, Si4O12
Dana 8th edition ID:69.2.1a.1

69 : INOSILICATES Chains with Side Branches or Loops
2 : Chains with Side Branches or Loops with P>2
Hey's CIM Ref.:14.9.34

14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
9 : Silicates of Ti
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Type Occurrence of Aenigmatite

Type Locality:Kangerdluarssuq (Kangerdluarsuk) Firth, Ilimaussaq complex, Narsaq, Kitaa (West Greenland) Province, Greenland
Year of Discovery:1865

Physical Properties of Aenigmatite

Lustre:Vitreous
Colour:Brown, black
Streak:Reddish brown
Hardness (Mohs):5½ - 6
Cleavage:Perfect

Crystallography of Aenigmatite

Crystal System:Triclinic
Cell Parameters:a = 10.35Å, b = 10.81Å, c = 8.94Å
α = 105.28°, β = 96.25°, γ = 125.57°
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.957 : 1 : 0.827
Unit Cell Volume:V 739.73 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Optical Data of Aenigmatite

Type:Biaxial (+)
RI values: nα = 1.780 - 1.800 nβ = 1.800 - 1.820 nγ = 1.870 - 1.900
2V:Measured: 27° to 55°, Calculated: 56° to 60°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.090 - 0.100

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Very High
Dispersion:single

Chemical Properties of Aenigmatite

Formula:
Na
 
2
Fe
2+
5
TiO
 
2
]Si
 
6
O
 
18
]
Essential elements:Fe, Na, O, Si, Ti
All elements listed in formula:Fe, Na, O, Si, Ti
Common Impurities:Al,Mn,Mg,Ca,K,Cl

Relationship of Aenigmatite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):
9.DH.05Leucophanite
(Ca,Na)
 
2
(Be,Al)[Si
 
2
O
 
6
(F,OH)]
9.DH.10Ohmilite
Sr
 
3
(Ti,Fe
3+
 
)[(O,OH)|(Si
 
2
O
 
6
)
 
2
] · 2-3H
 
2
O
9.DH.15Haradaite
SrVSi
 
2
O
 
7
9.DH.15Suzukiite
BaVSi
 
2
O
 
7
9.DH.20Batisite
Na
 
2
BaTi
 
2
[O|Si
 
2
O
 
6
]
 
2
9.DH.20Shcherbakovite
Na(K,Ba)
 
2
(Ti,Nb)
 
2
[O|Si
 
2
O
 
6
]
 
2
9.DH.25Taikanite
Sr
 
3
BaMn
2+
2
[O|Si
 
2
O
 
6
]
 
2
9.DH.30Krauskopfite
BaSi
 
2
O
 
5
·3H
 
2
O
9.DH.35Balangeroite
(Mg,Fe,Fe,Mn)
 
42
Si
 
16
O
 
54
(OH)
 
40
9.DH.35Gageite
Mn
 
21
O
 
3
(Si
 
4
O
 
12
)
 
2
(OH)
 
20
9.DH.40Dorrite
Ca
 
2
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
Fe
3+
4
[O
 
2
|Al
 
4
Si
 
2
O
 
18
]
9.DH.40Høgtuvaite
(Ca,Na)
 
2
(Fe
2+
 
,Fe
3+
 
,Ti)
 
6
[O
 
2
|Be(Si,Al)
 
5
O
 
18
]
9.DH.40Krinovite
Na
 
2
Mg
 
4
Cr
3+
2
[O
 
2
|Si
 
6
O
 
18
]
9.DH.40Makarochkinite
Ca
 
2
Fe
2+
4
Fe
3+
 
Ti[O
 
2
|BeAlSi
 
4
O
 
18
]
9.DH.40Rhönite
Ca
 
2
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
,Fe
3+
 
,Ti)
 
6
[O
 
2
|(Si,Al)
 
6
O
 
18
]
9.DH.40Serendibite
(Ca,Na)
 
2
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
3
(Al,Fe
3+
 
)
 
3
[O
 
2
|(Si,Al,B)
 
6
O
 
18
]
9.DH.40Welshite
Ca
 
4
Mg
 
9
Sb
 
3
O
 
4
[Si
 
6
Be
 
3
AlFe
 
2
O
 
36
]
9.DH.40Wilkinsonite
Na
 
2
Fe
2+
4
Fe
3+
2
[O
 
2
|Si
 
6
O
 
18
]
9.DH.45Sapphirine
(Mg,Fe)
 
4-x
Al
 
4+x
[Al
 
4+x
Si
 
2-x
O
 
18
]O
 
2
9.DH.50Khmaralite
(Mg,Al,Fe)
 
16
[(Al,Si,Be)
 
12
O
 
36
]O
 
4
9.DH.55Surinamite
(Mg,Fe)
 
3
Al
 
4
BeSi
 
3
O
 
16
9.DH.60Deerite
(Fe,Mn)
 
6
(Fe,Al)
 
3
Si
 
6
O
 
20
(OH)
 
5
9.DH.65Howieite
Na(Fe,Mn)
 
10
(Fe,Al)
 
2
Si
 
12
O
 
31
(OH)
 
13
9.DH.65Taneyamalite
(Na,Ca)(Mn,Mg,Fe)
 
12
Si
 
12
(O,OH)
 
44
9.DH.70Johninnesite
Na
 
2
Mg
 
5
Mn
 
12
As
 
2
Si
 
12
O
 
43
(OH)
 
6
9.DH.75Agrellite
NaCa
 
2
[F|Si
 
4
O
 
10
]
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:
14.9.1Natisite
Na
 
2
Ti[O|SiO
 
4
]
14.9.2Lorenzenite
Na
 
2
Ti
 
2
[O
 
3
|Si
 
2
O
 
6
]
14.9.3Lintisite
LiNa
 
3
Ti
 
2
[O|Si
 
2
O
 
6
]
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
14.9.4Davanite
K
 
2
TiSi
 
6
O
 
15
14.9.5Kazakovite
Na
 
6
Ti[Si
 
6
O
 
16
(OH)
 
2
]
14.9.6Titanite
CaTi[O|SiO
 
4
]
14.9.7Ohmilite
Sr
 
3
(Ti,Fe
3+
 
)[(O,OH)|(Si
 
2
O
 
6
)
 
2
] · 2-3H
 
2
O
14.9.8Lamprophyllite
(Sr,K,Ba)
 
2
(Na,Ti,Mn
2+
 
,Fe
3+
 
)
 
4
Ti
 
2
[O|(O,OH,F)|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
 
2
14.9.9Benitoite
BaTi[Si
 
3
O
 
9
]
14.9.10Batisite
Na
 
2
BaTi
 
2
[O|Si
 
2
O
 
6
]
 
2
14.9.11Fresnoite
Ba
 
2
Ti[O|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
14.9.12Joaquinite-(Ce)
Ba
 
2
NaCe
 
2
FeTi
 
2
Si
 
8
O
 
26
(OH,F) · H
 
2
O
14.9.13Orthojoaquinite-(Ce)
Ba
 
2
NaCe
 
2
FeTi
 
2
Si
 
8
O
 
26
(O,OH) · H
 
2
O
14.9.14Strontiojoaquinite
Sr
 
2
Ba
 
2
(Na,Fe)
 
2
Ti
 
2
Si
 
8
O
 
24
(O,OH)
 
2
·H
 
2
O
14.9.15Bario-orthojoaquinite
(Ba,Sr)
 
4
Fe
 
2
Ti
 
2
Si
 
8
O
 
26
·H
 
2
O
14.9.16Strontio-orthojoaquinite
Sr
 
2
Ba
 
2
(Na,Fe)
 
2
Ti
 
2
Si
 
8
O
 
24
(O,OH)
 
2
·H
 
2
O
14.9.17Bafertisite
Ba(Fe
3+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)
 
2
Ti[O|(O,OH)
 
2
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
14.9.18Hejtmanite
Ba(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
Ti[O|(OH,F)
 
2
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
14.9.19Delindeite
(Na,K)
 
2.7
(Ba,Ca)
 
4
(Ti,Fe,Al)
 
6
Si
 
8
O
 
26
(OH)
 
14
14.9.20Barytolamprophyllite
(Ba,Na)
 
2
(Na,Ti,Fe
3+
 
)
 
4
Ti
 
2
[O|(OH,F)|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
 
2
14.9.21Trimounsite-(Y)
Y
 
2
Ti
 
2
[O
 
5
|SiO
 
4
]
14.9.22Perrierite-(Ce)
(Ce,Ca,Th)
 
4
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
(Ti,Fe
3+
 
)
 
3
[O
 
4
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
 
2
14.9.23Chevkinite
(Ca,Ce,Th)
 
4
(Fe,Mn)
 
2
(Ti,Fe)
 
3
Si
 
4
O
 
22
14.9.24Strontiochevkinite
(Sr,La,Ce,Ca)
 
4
Fe
3+
 
(Ti,Zr)
 
2
Ti
 
2
[O
 
4
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
 
2
14.9.25Tisinalite
Na
 
3
H
 
3
(Mn,Ca,Fe)TiSi
 
6
(O,OH)
 
18
·2H
 
2
O
14.9.26Neptunite
Na
 
2
KLi(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)
 
2
Ti
 
2
[Si
 
8
O
 
24
]
14.9.27Manganoneptunite
Na
 
2
KLi(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
Ti
 
2
[Si
 
8
O
 
24
]
14.9.28Kupletskite
(K,Na)
 
3
(Mn,Fe)
 
7
Ti
 
2
Si
 
8
O
 
26
(OH)
 
4
F
14.9.29Astrophyllite
(K,Na)
 
3
(Fe,Mn)
 
7
Ti
 
2
Si
 
8
O
 
24
(O,OH)
 
7
14.9.30Hydroastrophyllite
(H
 
3
O,K,Ca)
 
3
(Fe,Mn)
 
5-65
Ti
 
2
Si
 
8
(O,OH)
 
31
14.9.31Magnesioastrophyllite
(Na,K)
 
4
Mg
 
2
(Fe,Fe,Mn)
 
5
Ti
 
2
Si
 
8
O
 
24
(O,OH,F)
 
7
14.9.32Baratovite
KCa
 
7
(Ti,Zr)
 
2
Li
 
3
Si
 
12
O
 
36
F
 
2
14.9.35Schorlomite
Ca
 
3
(Ti,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
[(Si,Fe
3+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)O
 
4
]
 
3
14.9.36Tinaksite
K
 
2
Na(Ca,Mn
2+
 
)
 
2
Ti[O|Si
 
7
O
 
18
(OH)]
14.9.37Janhaugite
(Na,Ca)
 
3
(Mn,Fe)
 
3
(Ti,Zr,Nb)
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
15
(OH,F,O)
 
3
14.9.38Koashvite
Na
 
6
(Ca,Mn)(Ti,Fe)Si
 
6
O
 
18
·H
 
2
O

Other Names for Aenigmatite

Synonyms:
CossyriteCosyriteKölbingite
German names:
AenigmatitCosyritKölbingit
Russian names:
Энигматит
Spanish names:
AenigmatitaCosyritaKölbingita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Aenigmatite

Reference List:Mineralogical Magazine (1976): 40: 595-598.

American Mineralogist: 56: 427-446.

Internet Links for Aenigmatite

Search Engines:
  • Look for Aenigmatite on Google
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    • External Links:
  • Look for Aenigmatite on Webmineral
  • Look for Aenigmatite on Athena Mineralogy
  • Look for Aenigmatite on Wikipedia
  • Look for Aenigmatite on Mineralien Atlas
  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Search for Aenigmatite in the Natural History Museum (London) online catalogue
  • Aenigmatite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
    • Mineral Dealers:
  • Fabre Minerals - search for Aenigmatite specimens
  • e-Rocks - Mineral Auctions and Sales
  • Search for Aenigmatite at Thames Valley Minerals
  • Fine Minerals from Dan Weinrich Minerals
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  • Rare and Unusual minerals at Mineralogical Research Company
  • rare and unusual minerals mainly crystallized
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  • Search for Aenigmatite on minvision.com
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    Localities for Aenigmatite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • Tasmania
      • Central Plateau
        • Interlaken
    		Bottrill & Baker (in prep) Catalogue of minerals of Tasmania
      • Huon district
    		No reference listed
    Cameroon
     
    Canada
     
    • British Columbia
      • Liard Mining Division
    		Am. Min. , 1974, 59, pp.820-829.
    • Newfoundland and Labrador
      • Labrador
    http://www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/can.htm
    China
     
    • Sichuan Province
      • Liangshan Autonomous Prefecture
        • Mianning Co.
    		Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189
    Greenland
     
    • Kitaa (West Greenland) Province
      • Narsaq
        • Igaliku (Igaliko)
          • Narssârssuk (Narsarsuk)
    		Petersen Ole V.,Secher K.(1985) - Gronland: Mineralien, Geologie, Geschichte. - Verlag Bode & Partner K.G., Bochum, 87 pagg.
        • Ilimaussaq complex
    		[Clark, 1993 - "Hey's Mineral Index, 3rd Edition"] + Petersen, O. V. & Johnsen, O. (2005): Minerals First described from Greenland. Canadian Mineralogist Special Publication 8.
    Petersen, O. V. & Johnsen, O. (2005): Minerals First described from Greenland. Canadian Mineralogist Special Publication 8.
    Petersen, O. V. & Johnsen, O. (2005): Minerals First described from Greenland. Canadian Mineralogist Special Publication 8.
        • Qaqortoq (Julianehåb)
          • Nunarssuit Island
    		http://www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/green.htm
    http://www.uni-tuebingen.de/uni/emi/ag-markl/pages/marks/pages/abstracts/EUG2001.html
        • Quagdlimiut
    		http://www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/green.htm
    • Tunu (East Greenland) Province
      • Kangerlussuaq Firth
    		http://www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/green.htm
      • Kialineq Bay
    		http://www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/green.htm
    Hungary
     
    • Baranya Co.
      • Mecsek Mts.
        • Szászvár
    		Mineral Species of Hungary, 2005
    Italy
     
    • Sicily
      • Trapani Province
    		Am Min 51:200-205
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Chubu Region
        • Aichi Prefecture
    		The Mineral Species of Japan (5th ed) Matsubara
      • Chugoku region
        • Shimane Prefecture
    		The Mineral Species of Japan (5th ed) Matsubara
    Madagascar
     
    • Antsiranana Province
      • Diana (Northern) Region
        • Ambanja Department
          • Ampasindava Peninsula
    		J.Behier: Carte mineralogique de Madagascar. Archive Serv. Geol.Mad. A 1871
    Mongolia
     
    • Hovd Aimag (Khovd Aimag)
      • Altai Mts
    		G.M. Tsareva data
          • Mount Ulyn Khuren
    		Kartashov P.M., Voloshin A.V., PakhomovskiiYa.A. On the zonal crystaline gadolinite from the alkaline granite pegmatites of Haldzan Buragtag (Mongolian Altai), - Zapiski VMO, 1993,N3,p. 65-79.
    Pavel M. Kartashov data
    Namibia
     
    • Khomas Region
      • Windhoek District
        • Windhoek
          • Aris
    		von Knorring, O. and Franke, W. (1987): A preliminary note on the mineralogy and geochemistry of the Aris phonolite, SWA/Namibia. Comm. Geol. Surv. S.W.Africa (Namibia) 3, 61. ; Wartha, R., Palfi, A., Niedermayr, G., Brandstätter, F. and Petersen, O. V. (2001): Der Aris-Phonolith-Komplex und seine Mineralien. In Bahmann, U. and A. (Eds.), Namibia – Zauberwelt edler Steine und Kristalle, Bode-Verlag, Haltern, Germany, pp. 172-179. (in German); [http://www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/aris.htm]
    New Zealand
     
    Railton, G.L. & Watters, W.A., Minerals of New Zealand, New Zealand Geological Survey Bull. #104 (1990).
    Railton, G.L. & Watters, W.A., Minerals of New Zealand, New Zealand Geological Survey Bull. #104 (1990).
    NZJGG, 2003, 46: 581-590. NZJGG, 1991, 34: 337-340. NZJGG, 1981, 24: 449-467
    NZJGG, 2003, 46: 581-590. NZJGG, 1991, 34: 337-340. NZJGG, 1981, 24: 449-467
    NZJGG, 2003, 46: 581-590. NZJGG, 1991, 34: 337-340. NZJGG, 1981, 24: 449-467
    • North Island
    		Railton, G.L. & Watters, W.A., Minerals of New Zealand, New Zealand Geological Survey Bull. #104 (1990).
    • South Island
      • Otago
    		Railton, G.L. & Watters, W.A., Minerals of New Zealand, New Zealand Geological Survey Bull. #104 (1990).
    Niger
     
    • Agadez Department
      • Aïr Region
        • South Aïr
    		J. Fabriès and G. Rocci, Bull. Soc. Franç. Minéral. Cristallo., 1965, LXXXVIII, 319-340
    North Korea
     
    • Kangwon Province
      • Pyonggang-gun
    		Pavel M. Kartashov data
    Norway
     
    • Telemark
      • Porsgrunn
        • Langesundsfjorden
    		Andersen, F.,Berge, S.A. & Burvald, I. (1996): Die Mineralien des Langesundsfjords und des umgebenden Larvikit-Gebietes, Oslo-Region, Norwegen. MineralienWelt 7(4):21-100
    • Vestfold
      • Larvik
        • Stavern (Fredriksvärn)
    		Åsheim, A. (1994): Hamberg(itt). STEIN 21 (2), 117-119
      • Sandefjord
        • Vesterøya
    		Engvoldsen,T.,Andersen, F.,Berge, S.A. & Burvald, I. (1991): Pegmatittmineraler fra Larvik ringkompleks. STEIN 18(1),15-71
    Hansen,R.(1981)."Mineralnotater". NAGS-nytt 8(4),18 (in norwegian)
    Raade,G & Larsen, A.O.: "Polylithionite from syenite pegmatite at Vøra, Sandefjord,Oslo Region, Norway. Contributions to the Mineralogy of Norway, no 65" .Norsk Geologisk Tidskrift 60 (1980), 117-124/ Neumann (1985, p. 139).
    Portugal
     
    • Azores District
      • San Miguel
        • Agua de Pau Mts
          • Agua de Pau volcano
    		Ridolfi, F., Renzulli, A., Santi, P., Upton, B.G.J., Evolutionary stages of crystallisation of weakly peralkine syenites: evidence from ejecta in the plinian deposits of Agua de Pau volcano (Sao Miguel, Azores Islands), Mineralogical Magazine, 67(4), 749-767, 2003
    Russia
     
    • Northern Region
      • Murmanskaja Oblast'
        • Kola Peninsula
          • Khibiny Massif
    		[World of Stones 95:5-6, p64]
    Pekov, I.V. & Podlesnyi, A.S. (2004): Kukisvumchorr Deposit: Mineralogy of Alkaline Pegmatites and Hydrotermalites. Mineralogical Almanac, vol. 7, 140 pages + xxiv photo's pages
    Am Min 79:1011
    Pavel M. Kartashov data
          • Lovozero Massif
    		[World of Stones 95:5-6, p64]
    Saint Helena
     
    • Ascension Island
    		Min.Mag.(1952) 29, 850-857
    Tanzania
     
    • Arusha Region
      • Ngorongoro Conservation Area
    		Journal of Conference Abstracts , Volume 2 Number 1 , vsg - Minsoc '97, http://www.the-conference.com/JConfAbs/2/26.html
    UK
     
    • Scotland
      • Strathclyde (Ayrshire)
        • Beith
    		BMS Database
    Ukraine
     
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Coconino Co.
        • San Franciscan volcanic field
          • San Francisco Mountain
    		Robinson, Henry H. (1913), The San Franciscan Volcanic Field, AZ, USGS PP 76: 110-112.
    azminerals.com
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 102; Laughlin, A.W., et al (1986), Hetromorphism and crystallization paths of katungites, Navajo volcanic field, AZ, USA, in J. Ross, et al (editor), Kimberlites and related rocks, vol. 1, Geol. Soc. Australia Spec. Pub. 14.
    • Arkansas
      • Pulaski Co.
        • Little Rock
    • California
    		Calif. Div. of Mines & Geol. Bull. #189, Murdoch, et al (1966): 59.
    • Hawaii
      • Maui Co.
    		AmMin 63:771
    • Idaho
      • Owyhee Co.
        • De Lamar District
    		Mineralogical Record, Sep 1995
    • Massachusetts
      • Essex Co.
    		Gleba, 1978. Massachusetts Mineral & Fossil Localities
      • Norfolk Co.
    		Gleba, 1978. Mass. Mineral & Fossil Localities
    • Nevada
      • Humboldt Co.
        • Opalite District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    • New Mexico
      • Otero Co.
        • Cornudas Mountains
    • Washington
      • Okanogan Co.
        • Golden Horn Batholith
    		Micro Probe Volume VI Number 8; Minerals of Washington, B. Cannon, 1975 (37)
    Yemen
     
    • South Yemen
    		Lunar and Planetary Science XXXII (2001)
    Mineral and/or Locality
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