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Armenite

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Big Photo

Isenwegg, Wasen Alp, Ganter valley, Simplon pass area, Brig, Wallis (Valais), Switzerland
© Chinellato Matteo

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Formula:
BaCa
 
2
Al
 
6
Si
 
9
O
 
30
 · 2H
 
2
O
System:OrthorhombicColour:Colourless
Hardness:7½
Member of:Osumilite Group
Name:Named after the type locality, the Armen Mine, Kongsberg, Norway.
The type specimen was collected already in 1877 by cand. min. O.A. Corneliussen. He labelled the sample as "Epidote?". It was kept in the collection of the University of Oslo until February 1939 when it was rediscovered by Henrich Neumann, who also recognized it as a new mineral.
This page provides mineralogical data about Armenite.

Classification of Armenite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:8/E.22-150
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:9.CM.05

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
C : Cyclosilicates
M : [Si6O18]12- 6-membered double rings (sechser-Doppelringe)
Dana 8th edition ID:63.2.1b.1

63 : CYCLOSILICATES Condensed Rings
2 : Condensed Rings (Milarite - Osumilite group)
Hey's CIM Ref.:16.12.12

16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
12 : Aluminosilicates of Sr, Ba and Zn
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Type Occurrence of Armenite

Type Locality:Armen Mine, Overberget Mining Field, Kongsberg Silver Mining District, Kongsberg, Buskerud, Norway
Year of Discovery:1939

Physical Properties of Armenite

Lustre:Vitreous
Colour:Colourless
Streak:White
Hardness (Mohs):7½

Crystallography of Armenite

Crystal System:Orthorhombic
Cell Parameters:a = 13.87Å, b = 18.66Å, c = 10.69Å
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.743 : 1 : 0.573
Unit Cell Volume:V 2,766.72 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Optical Data of Armenite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.550 nβ = 1.552 nγ = 1.556
2V:Measured: 59° to 60°, Calculated: 72°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.006

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Low
Dispersion:r < v strong

Chemical Properties of Armenite

Formula:
BaCa
 
2
Al
 
6
Si
 
9
O
 
30
 · 2H
 
2
O
Essential elements:Al, Ba, Ca, H, O, Si
All elements listed in formula:Al, Ba, Ca, H, O, Si
Common Impurities:Sr,Na,K

Relationship of Armenite to other Species

Member of:Osumilite Group
Other Members of Group:

- +
Almarudite
K(□,Na)
 
2
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
,Mg)
 
2
(Be,Al)
 
3
[Si
 
12
O
 
30
]
Berezanskite
K□
 
2
Li
 
3
(Ti,Zr,Sn)
 
2
[Si
 
12
O
 
30
]
Brannockite
(K,Na)□
 
2
Li
 
3
(Sn,Zr,Ti)
 
2
[Si
 
12
O
 
30
]
Darapiosite
KNa
 
2
(Zn,Li)
 
3
(Mn,Zr)
 
2
[Si
 
12
O
 
30
]
Dusmatovite
K(Na,□)
 
2
(Zn,Li)
 
3
(Mn
2+
 
,Y,Zr)
 
2
[Si
 
12
O
 
30
]
Friedrichbeckeite
K(□
 
0.5
Na
 
0.5
)
 
2
Mg
 
2
Be
 
3
Si
 
12
O
 
30
Klöchite
(□Na)KFe
 
3
Zn
 
3
[Si
 
12
O
 
30
]
Merrihueite
(K,Na)
 
2
(Fe,Mg)
 
5
Si
 
12
O
 
30
Milarite
K
 
2
Ca
 
4
Al
 
2
Be
 
4
Si
 
24
O
 
60
 · H
 
2
O
Osumilite
(K,Na)(Fe
2+
 
,Mg)
 
2
(Al,Fe
3+
 
)
 
3
(Si,Al)
 
12
O
 
30
Osumilite-(Mg)
(K,Na)(Mg,Fe)
 
2
(Al,Fe)
 
3
(Si,Al)
 
12
O
 
30
 · H
 
2
O
Roedderite
(Na,K)
 
2
(Mg,Fe)
 
5
Si
 
12
O
 
30
Shibkovite
K(□,K,Na)
 
2
Zn
 
3
Ca
 
2
[Si
 
12
O
 
30
]
Sogdianite
K(□,Na)
 
2
Li
 
3
(Zr,Fe,Ti)
 
2
[Si
 
12
O
 
30
]
Sugilite
K(Na,□)
 
2
Li
 
3
(Fe,Mn,Al,Zr)
 
2
[Si
 
12
O
 
30
]
Trattnerite
(□,K)(Mg, Fe
2+
 
)
 
3
Fe
3+
2
[Si
 
12
O
 
30
]
Yagiite
(Na,K)
 
3
Mg
 
4
(Al,Mg)
 
6
(Si,Al)
 
24
O
 
60
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
9.CM.05Brannockite
(K,Na)□
 
2
Li
 
3
(Sn,Zr,Ti)
 
2
[Si
 
12
O
 
30
]
9.CM.05Chayesite
K(Mg,Fe)
 
4
FeSi
 
12
O
 
30
9.CM.05Darapiosite
KNa
 
2
(Zn,Li)
 
3
(Mn,Zr)
 
2
[Si
 
12
O
 
30
]
9.CM.05Eifelite
KNa
 
3
Mg
 
4
Si
 
12
O
 
30
9.CM.05Merrihueite
(K,Na)
 
2
(Fe,Mg)
 
5
Si
 
12
O
 
30
9.CM.05Milarite
K
 
2
Ca
 
4
Al
 
2
Be
 
4
Si
 
24
O
 
60
 · H
 
2
O
9.CM.05Osumilite-(Mg)
(K,Na)(Mg,Fe)
 
2
(Al,Fe)
 
3
(Si,Al)
 
12
O
 
30
 · H
 
2
O
9.CM.05Osumilite
(K,Na)(Fe
2+
 
,Mg)
 
2
(Al,Fe
3+
 
)
 
3
(Si,Al)
 
12
O
 
30
9.CM.05Poudretteite
KNa
 
2
B
 
3
Si
 
12
O
 
30
9.CM.05Roedderite
(Na,K)
 
2
(Mg,Fe)
 
5
Si
 
12
O
 
30
9.CM.05Sogdianite
K(□,Na)
 
2
Li
 
3
(Zr,Fe,Ti)
 
2
[Si
 
12
O
 
30
]
9.CM.05Sugilite
K(Na,□)
 
2
Li
 
3
(Fe,Mn,Al,Zr)
 
2
[Si
 
12
O
 
30
]
9.CM.05Yagiite
(Na,K)
 
3
Mg
 
4
(Al,Mg)
 
6
(Si,Al)
 
24
O
 
60
9.CM.05Berezanskite
K□
 
2
Li
 
3
(Ti,Zr,Sn)
 
2
[Si
 
12
O
 
30
]
9.CM.05Dusmatovite
K(Na,□)
 
2
(Zn,Li)
 
3
(Mn
2+
 
,Y,Zr)
 
2
[Si
 
12
O
 
30
]
9.CM.05Shibkovite
K(□,K,Na)
 
2
Zn
 
3
Ca
 
2
[Si
 
12
O
 
30
]
9.CM.05Almarudite
K(□,Na)
 
2
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
,Mg)
 
2
(Be,Al)
 
3
[Si
 
12
O
 
30
]
9.CM.05Trattnerite
(□,K)(Mg, Fe
2+
 
)
 
3
Fe
3+
2
[Si
 
12
O
 
30
]
9.CM.05Oftedalite
(Sc,Ca,Mn
2+
 
)
 
2
K[(Be,Al)
 
3
Si
 
12
O
 
30
]
9.CM.10Faizievite
K
 
2
Na(Ca
 
6
Na)Ti
 
4
Li
 
6
[F
 
2
|Si
 
24
O
 
66
]
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
16.12.1Stronalsite
SrNa
 
2
[Al
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
8
]
 
2
16.12.2Slawsonite
(Sr,Ca)Al
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
8
16.12.3Brewsterite
16.12.4Celsian
BaAl
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
8
16.12.5Paracelsian
BaAl
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
8
16.12.6Cymrite
BaAl
 
2
Si
 
2
(O,OH)
 
8
 · H
 
2
O
16.12.7Edingtonite
Ba[Al
 
2
Si
 
3
O
 
10
] · 4H
 
2
O
16.12.8Banalsite
BaNa
 
2
[Al
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
8
]
 
2
16.12.9Harmotome
(Ba
 
0.5
,Ca
 
0.5
,K,Na)
 
5
[Al
 
5
Si
 
11
O
 
32
] · 12H
 
2
O
16.12.10Hyalophane
(K,Ba)[Al(Si,Al)Si
 
2
O
 
8
]
16.12.11Balipholite
BaLiMg
 
2
Al
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
6
)
 
2
(OH)
 
4
16.12.13Wellsite
(Ba,Ca,K
 
2
)Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
16
 · 6H
 
2
O
16.12.14Merlinoite
(K,Na)
 
5
(Ca,Ba)
 
2
Al
 
9
Si
 
23
O
 
64
 · 23H
 
2
O
16.12.15Anandite
(Ba,K)(Fe
2+
 
,Mg)
 
3
((Si,Al,Fe)
 
4
O
 
10
)(S,OH)
 
2
16.12.16Fraipontite
(Zn,Al)
 
3
((Si,Al)
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
16.12.17Sauconite
Na
 
0.3
Zn
 
3
((Si,Al)
 
4
O
 
10
)(OH)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
16.12.18Minehillite
(K,Na)
 
2-3
Ca
 
28
Zn
 
4
Al
 
4
Si
 
40
O
 
112
(OH)
 
16
16.12.19Hendricksite
K(Zn,Mg,Mn
2+
 
)
 
3
(AlSi
 
3
O
 
10
)(OH)
 
2
16.12.20Baileychlore
(Zn,Fe,Al,Mg)
 
6
((Si,Al)
 
4
O
 
10
)(OH)
 
8

Other Names for Armenite

Synonyms:
Calciocelsian
Other Languages:
German:Armenit
Russian:Арменит
Spanish:Armenita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Armenite

Reference List:

- +
- Neumann, H. (1939): Armenite, a new mineral. Preliminary note. Norsk Geologisk Tidskrift. 19, 21-22

- Neumann, H. (1941): Armenite, a water-bearing barium-calcium-alumo-silicate. Norsk Geologisk Tidskrift. 21, 19-24

American Mineralogist: 26: 235.

Gaston Pouliot, Pierre Trudel, Guy Valiquette, and Paul N. Samson (1984): Armenite-thulite-albite veins at Remigny, Quebec; the second occurrence of armenite. Can. Mineral. 22, 453-464.

Armbruster, T. & Czank, M. (1992): H2O ordering and superstructures in armenite, BaCa2Al6Si9O30.2H2O: A single-crystal X-ray and TEM study. American Mineralogist 77, 422-430, 1119.

Internet Links for Armenite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Armenite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    • Localities for Armenite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • New South Wales
      • Yancowinna Co.
    		Birch BH Book
    Canada
     
    • Québec
      • Abitibi-Témiscamingue
        • Témiscamingue RCM
          • Rémigny
    		Canadian Mineralogist 22, 453-464 (1984); Sabina, A.P. (2000) Rocks & Minerals for the collector; Cobalt - Belleterre - Timmins, Ontario and Quebec. GSC Misc. Report 57, 96 p.
    Czech Republic
     
    • Moravia (Mähren; Maehren)
      • Olomouc Region
        • Šumperk (Mährisch Schönberg)
          • Ruda nad Moravou
    		Novák M. Gadas P. (2010) ZONED, ANORTHITE- AND GROSSULARITE-BEARING, LEUCOTONALITIC PEGMATITE FROM SERPENTINIZED LHERZOLITE AT RUDA NAD MORAVOU, STARÉ MĚSTO UNIT, CZECH REPUBLIC. Can Miner 48 (3): 629-650.
    Italy
     
    • Piedmont
      • Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province
        • Mergozzo
          • Candoglia
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007). Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
    • Sardinia
      • Carbonia-Iglesias Province
        • Fluminimaggiore
    		• Stara, P. Rizzo, R., Tanca, G., Vinci A. (1994): Su Zurfuru. 1° parte. Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 4/1993, 215-236.
    Norway
     
    • Buskerud
      • Kongsberg
        • Kongsberg Silver Mining District
          • Overberget Mining Field
    		Neumann, H. (1941): Armenite, a water-bearing barium-calcium-alumo-silicate. Norsk Geologisk Tidskrift 21, 19-24
    Bancroft, P., Nordrum, F.S. & Lyckberg, P.(2001): Kongsberg revisited. Mineralogical Record 32: 181-205
    Russia
     
    • Northern Region
      • Murmanskaja Oblast'
        • Kola Peninsula
    		www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/lovo.htm
    South Korea
     
    • Daejeon
      • Daejeon-gun
    		Gi Young Jeong (2006): Mineralium Deposita 41, 469-481.
    Spain
     
    • Catalonia
      • Tarragona
        • Conca de Barberà
          • Vimbodí
            • Poblet Monastery
    		C.. Canet et al. , The Canadian Mineralogist, 2003, V41, pp. 581-595
    C.. Canet et al. , The Canadian Mineralogist, 2003, V41, pp. 581-595
    C.. Canet et al. , The Canadian Mineralogist, 2003, V41, pp. 581-595
    Switzerland
     
    • Wallis (Valais)
      • Brig
        • Simplon pass area
          • Ganter valley
            • Wasen Alp
    		Mineralogical Record (2001) 32:252
    UK
     
    Tindle, A.G. (2008) Minerals of Britian and Ireland
      • Buchan Grampian (Aberdeenshire)
        • Braemar
    		BMS Database
    USA
     
    • Washington
      • King Co.
    		Handbook of Mineralogy
    Mineral and/or Locality
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    Copyright © Jolyon Ralph and Ida Chau 1993-2011. Site Map. Locality, mineral & photograph data are the copyright of the individuals who submitted them. Further information contact the Site hosted & developed by Jolyon Ralph. Mindat.org is an online information resource dedicated to providing free mineralogical information to all. Mindat relies on the contributions of hundreds of members and supporters. Mindat does not offer minerals for sale. If you would like to add information to improve the quality of our database, then click here to register.
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