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Rockbridgeite

Big Photo

Foote Lithium Co. Mine (Foote Mine), Kings Mountain District, Cleveland Co., North Carolina, USA
© 2005 JBS

Show Rockbridgeite Photos (36)
Formula:
Fe
2+
 
Fe
3+
4
[(OH)
 
5
|(PO
 
4
)
 
3
]
System:OrthorhombicColour:Dark green, olive-green, ...
Hardness:3½ - 4½
Name:After the type locality at the Midvale Mine, South Mountain, Midvale, Rockbridge Co., Virginia, USA.


Fondelite-Rockbridgeite Series. The Fe2+ analogue of Frondelite.

A secondary mineral resulting from the alteration of primary phosphates.

Classification of Rockbridgeite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:7/B.10-10
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:8.BC.10

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
B : Phosphates, etc., with additional anions, without H2O
C : With only medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 > 1:1 and < 2:1
Dana 8th edition ID:41.9.2.1

41 : ANHYDROUS PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
9 : (AB)5(XO4)3Zq
Hey's CIM Ref.:19.12.16

19 : Phosphates
12 : Phosphates of Mn
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Type Occurrence of Rockbridgeite

Type Locality:Midvale Mine, South Mountain, Midvale, Rockbridge Co., Virginia, USA
Place of Conservation of Type Material:Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA - #80600.
Year of Discovery:1949

Occurrences of Rockbridgeite

Geological Setting:Limonite iron ore deposits.

Physical Properties of Rockbridgeite

Lustre:Vitreous
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Semitransparent
Colour:Dark green, olive-green, brown, yellow-brown, greenish black, black
Comment:Commonly exhibits colour banding. May be bronze-brown or reddish brown when oxidized.
Hardness (Mohs):3½ - 4½
Tenacity:Brittle
Cleavage:Very Good
On {100}, excellent; on {010}, good; on {001}, fair.
Fracture:Irregular/Uneven
Density (measured):3.45 - 3.6 g/cm3

Crystallography of Rockbridgeite

Crystal System:Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) - Dipyramidal
Cell Parameters:a = 13.783Å, b = 16.805Å, c = 5.172Å
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.82 : 1 : 0.308
Unit Cell Volume:V 1,197.96 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:4
Morphology:Euhedral crystals rare. Typically fibrous, elongated along [001]; compact radiating in crusts, botryoidal and drusy masses.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
Image Loading

Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Horizontal Axis: ° to ° Vertical Axis: % Source Data: Filtered Data: Peaks:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Optical Data of Rockbridgeite

Type:Biaxial (+)
RI values: nα = 1.875 nβ = 1.880 nγ = 1.897
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.022

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Very High
Dispersion:r < v, very strong
Pleochroism:Visible
Comments:X = Light brown to light yellow-brown
Y = Bluish green
Z = Dark bluish green

Chemical Properties of Rockbridgeite

Formula:
Fe
2+
 
Fe
3+
4
[(OH)
 
5
|(PO
 
4
)
 
3
]
Essential elements:Fe, H, O, P
All elements listed in formula:Fe, H, O, P

Relationship of Rockbridgeite to other Species

Series:Forms a series with Frondelite (see here)
Common Associates:
TriphyliteRoscheriteLimoniteHureauliteBarbosalite
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):
8.BC.05Angelellite
Fe
3+
4
[O
 
3
|(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
]
8.BC.10Frondelite
Mn
2+
 
Fe
3+
4
[(OH)
 
5
|(PO
 
4
)
 
3
]
8.BC.15Aerugite
Ni
 
8.5
(AsO
 
4
)
 
3
As
5+
 
O
 
8
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:
19.12.1Metaswitzerite
Mn
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
·4H
 
2
O
19.12.2Bermanite
Mn
2+
 
Mn
3+
2
[OH|PO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
19.12.3Natrophilite
NaMn
2+
 
[PO
 
4
]
19.12.4Sidorenkite
Na
 
3
Mn
2+
 
[PO
 
4
|CO
 
3
]
19.12.5Niahite
(NH
 
4
)(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)[PO
 
4
] · H
 
2
O
19.12.6Robertsite
Ca
 
3
Mn
3+
4
[(OH)
 
3
|(PO
 
4
)
 
2
]
 
2
 · 3H
 
2
O
19.12.7Pararobertsite
Ca
 
2
Mn
3+
3
[O
 
2
|(PO
 
4
)
 
3
] · 3H
 
2
O
19.12.8Sinkankasite
H
 
2
Mn
2+
 
Al[OH|(PO
 
4
)
 
2
] · 6H
 
2
O
19.12.9Mangangordonite
Mn
2+
 
Al
 
2
[OH|PO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
19.12.10Heterosite
(Fe
3+
 
,Mn
3+
 
)[PO
 
4
]
19.12.11Purpurite
(Mn
3+
 
,Fe
3+
 
)[PO
 
4
]
19.12.12Wolfeite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)
 
2
[OH|PO
 
4
]
19.12.13Triploidite
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
[OH|PO
 
4
]
19.12.14Lipscombite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)Fe
3+
2
[OH|PO
 
4
]
 
2
19.12.15Frondelite
Mn
2+
 
Fe
3+
4
[(OH)
 
5
|(PO
 
4
)
 
3
]
19.12.17Kryzhanovskite
MnFe
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
·H
 
2
O
19.12.18Landesite
Mn
2+
3-x
Fe
3+
x
[(OH)
 
x
|(PO
 
4
)
 
2
] · (3-x)H
 
2
O
19.12.19Phosphoferrite
(Fe,Mn)
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
·3H
 
2
O
19.12.20Reddingite
(Mn,Fe)
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
·3H
 
2
O
19.12.21Earlshannonite
Mn
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
·4H
 
2
O
19.12.22Hureaulite
(Mn,Fe)
 
5
H
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
·4H
 
2
O
19.12.23Switzerite
(Mn,Fe)
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
·7H
 
2
O
19.12.24Laueite
Mn
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
[OH|PO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
19.12.25Pseudolaueite
Mn
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
[OH|PO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
19.12.26Strunzite
Mn
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
[OH|PO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 6H
 
2
O
19.12.27Stewartite
Mn
2+
 
Fe
3+
2
[OH|PO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
19.12.28Alluaudite
(Na,Ca)Mn
2+
 
(Fe
3+
 
,Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
,Mg)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
19.12.29Ferroalluaudite
(Na,Ca)Fe
2+
 
(Fe
3+
 
,Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
19.12.30Fillowite
{Mn
2+
 
}{Na
 
8
}{Ca
 
4
Na
 
4
}{(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
43
}[PO
 
4
]
 
36
19.12.31Johnsomervilleite
{Ca}{Na
 
6
[ ]
 
2
}{Ca
 
6
Na
 
2
}{(Fe
2+
 
,Mg,Mn
2+
 
)
 
43
}[PO
 
4
]
 
36
19.12.32Wicksite
NaCa
 
2
(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)
 
4
MgFe
3+
 
[PO
 
4
]
 
6
 · 2H
 
2
O
19.12.33Dickinsonite-(KMnNa)
{KNa}{Mn
2+
 
[ ]}{Ca}{Na
 
3
}{Mn
2+
13
}{Al}[(OH)
 
2
|(PO
 
4
)
 
12
]
19.12.34Sarcopside
(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
3
[PO
 
4
]
 
2
19.12.35Ludlamite
(Fe,Mn,Mg)
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
·4H
 
2
O
19.12.36Graftonite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
,Ca)
 
3
[PO
 
4
]
 
2
19.12.37Wilhelmvierlingite
CaMnFe
3+
 
[OH|(PO
 
4
)
 
2
] · 2H
 
2
O
19.12.38Fairfieldite
Ca
 
2
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)[PO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
19.12.39Beusite
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
,Ca,Mg)
 
3
[PO
 
4
]
 
2
19.12.40Messelite
Ca
 
2
(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)[PO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
19.12.41Jahnsite-(CaMnFe)
CaMn
2+
 
Fe
2+
2
Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
19.12.42Jahnsite-(CaMnMn)
CaMn
2+
 
Mn
2+
2
Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
19.12.43Jahnsite-(CaMnMg)
CaMn
2+
 
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
19.12.44Keckite
(Ca,Mg)(Mn
2+
 
,Zn)
 
2
Fe
3+
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
3
 · 2H
 
2
O
19.12.45Stanfieldite
Ca
 
7
Ca
 
2
Mg
 
9
[PO
 
4
]
 
12
19.12.46Laubmannite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
,Ca)
 
3
Fe
3+
6
[(OH)
 
3
|PO
 
4
]
 
4
19.12.47Zodacite
Ca
 
4
Mn
2+
 
Fe
3+
4
[(OH)
 
2
|(PO
 
4
)
 
3
]
 
2
 · 12H
 
2
O
19.12.48Hagendorfite
NaCaMn
2+
 
Fe
2+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
19.12.49Maghagendorfite
NaMn(Mg,Fe,Fe)
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
19.12.50Varulite
NaCaMn
2+
 
Mn
2+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
19.12.51Griphite
Na
 
4
Li
 
2
Ca
 
6
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
,Mg)
 
19
Al
 
8
[(F,OH)|(PO
 
4
)
 
3
]
 
8
19.12.52Attakolite
(Ca,Sr)Mn(Al,Fe)
 
4
[(OH)
 
4
|(SiO
 
4
,PO
 
4
)|(HPO
 
4
,PO
 
4
)
 
3
]
19.12.53Arrojadite-(KFe)
{KNa}{Fe
2+
 
[ ]}{Ca}{Na
 
2
[ ]}{Fe
2+
13
}{Al}[(OH)
 
2
|HPO
 
4
|(PO
 
4
)
 
11
]
19.12.54Lun'okite
(Mn,Ca)(Mg,Fe,Mn)Al(PO
 
4
)
 
2
OH·4H
 
2
O
19.12.55Eosphorite
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)Al[(OH)
 
2
|PO
 
4
] · H
 
2
O
19.12.56Ernstite
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
3+
 
)Al[(OH,O)
 
2
|PO
 
4
] · H
 
2
O
19.12.57Childrenite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)Al[(OH)
 
2
|PO
 
4
] · H
 
2
O
19.12.58Bobfergusonite
Na
 
2
Mn
 
5
FeAl(PO
 
4
)
 
6
19.12.59Qingheiite
NaMn
3+
 
Mg(Al,Fe
3+
 
)[PO
 
4
]
 
3
19.12.60Whiteite-(CaFeMg)
Ca(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)Mg
 
2
Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
19.12.61Whiteite-(CaMnMg)
CaMn
2+
 
Mg
 
2
Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
19.12.62Whiteite-(MnFeMg)
(Mn
2+
 
,Ca)(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)Mg
 
2
Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
19.12.63Rittmannite
(Mn
2+
 
,Ca)Mn
2+
 
(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
2
(Al,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
19.12.64Zanazziite
Ca
 
2
(Mg,Fe)(Mg,Fe,Al)
 
4
Be
 
4
[(OH)
 
4
|(PO
 
4
)
 
6
] · 6H
 
2
O
19.12.65Samuelsonite
(Ca,Ba)Ca
 
8
Fe
2+
2
Mn
2+
2
Al
 
2
[(OH)
 
2
|(PO
 
4
)
 
10
]

Other Names for Rockbridgeite

Synonyms:
Mangan-rockbridgeite
German names:
Rockbridgeit
Russian names:
Рокбриджеит
Spanish names:
Rockbridgeita

Other Information

Other Information:Soluble in HCl, but not in HNO3 or H2SO4.
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Rockbridgeite

Reference List:Massie (1880) Chemical News and Journal of Industrial Science, London: 42: 181.

Campbell (1881) American Journal of Science: 22: 65.

Frondel, C. (1949) American Mineralogist: 34: 513-540.

Lindberg (1949) American Mineralogist: 34: 541.

Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 867-869.

Moore, P.B. (1970) Crystal chemistry of the basic iron phosphates. American Mineralogist: 55: 135–169.

Internet Links for Rockbridgeite

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    Localities for Rockbridgeite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Argentina
     
    • Córdoba
      • San Alberto Department
    		Milka K. de Brodtkorb (2006) Las Especies Minerales de la Republica Argentina, Vol. 2, p 428 (Asociación Mineralógica Argentina)
    • Salta
      • Nevados de Palermo
    Australia
     
    • New South Wales
      • Yancowinna Co.
        • Broken Hill
    		Australian Min. 3:1 (1997)
    Australian Min. 3:1 (1997)
    • South Australia
      • Flinders Ranges
        • South Flinders Ranges
          • Martins Well
    		Johnston, C.W . & Hill, R.J. (1978): Zinc phosphates at Reaphook Hill South Australia. Mineralogical Record 9,(1), 20-24
      • Mt Lofty Ranges
        • South Mt Lofty Ranges
          • Barossa Valley
            • Angaston
      • Olary Province
        • Bimbowrie Station
    		Australian Journal of Mineralogy, Vol.3, N°2, Dec.1997
    Australian Journal of Mineralogy, Vol.3, N°2, Dec.1997
    • Victoria
      • Dookie
        • Ascot Hills
      • Lake Boga
    		No reference listed
      • Parish of Edi
      • Wycheproof
    Austria
     
    • Carinthia
      • Millstatt lake ridge
        • Spittal
          • Millstatt lake
    		Niedermayr, G. & Brandstätter, F. (2005)
    • Styria
      • Koralpe Mts
        • Modriach
          • Herzogberg Mt.
    		Aufschluss 1972(SB), 40-41
    Belgium
     
    • Hainaut (Henegouwen; Hennegau) Province
      • Mons
        • Blaton
    		No reference listed
    Brazil
     
    • Southeast Region
      • Minas Gerais
        • Doce valley
          • Divino das Laranjeiras
            • Linópolis
    		A. M. I. Martins collection
    Jordi Fabre
            • Laranjeiras
    		No reference listed
    [MinRec 12:69]
            • Sapucaia do Norte
    		AmMin 89:1087
    Cassedanne, J.P. & Baptista, A. (1999): Famous Mineral Localities: The Sapucaia Pegmatite Minas Gerais, Brazil. Mineralogical Record, 30: 347-360 + 365
        • Itinga
    		www.minsocam.org/MSA/Special/Pig/PIG_best_shots/Pegmatites_shots.html.
          • Taquaral
            • Jequitinhonha River
    		Min Rec (1973) 4 (5), 207-213
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Central Bohemia Region
    		Povondra, P., Pivec, E. (eds.) et al.: Přibyslavice peraluminuous granite. Acta universitatis carolinae, Geologica, 1987, no. 3, s . 183 – 283.
      • Plzeň Region
        • Domažlice (Taus)
          • Otov
    		Čech F., Staněk J., Dávidová Š. (1981): Minerály pegmatitů. - in: Bernard J.H. [ed.]: Mineralogie Československa. Academia, Praha.
    • Moravia (Mähren; Maehren)
      • Vysočina Region
        • Žďár nad Sázavou
    		Staněk, J.: Parageneze minerálů pegmatitových žil z Hatí u Dolních Borů na západní Moravě. Acta Mus. Moraviae, Sci. nat., vol. 76, pages 19-49.
    Finland
     
    • Etelä-Suomen Lääni
      • Orivesi
        • Eräjärvi area
    		No reference listed
    France
     
    • Limousin
      • Haute-Vienne
        • Bessines-sur-Gartempe
    		http://perso.wanadoo.fr/jeldemine/listes%20mineraux.html
        • Razès
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 868.
        • Saint-Sylvestre
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 702.
    • Midi-Pyrénées
      • Ariège
        • Auzat
    		Inventaire Minéralogique de la France Ariège T.2 éditions BRGM
        • Le Bosc
    		Bull. Soc. Franç. Minéralo. Cristallo. , 1974, 97, p. 523.
        • Saint-Girons
          • Aulus-les-Bains
            • Col d'Agnès
              • Etang de Lherz
                • Le Port
    		Bull. Soc. Franç. Minéralo. Cristallo. , 1974, 97, p. 522.
    Germany
     
    • Baden-Württemberg
      • Black Forest
        • Wolfach
          • Oberwolfach
            • Rankach valley
    		Walenta, K. (1992): Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes. Chr. Weise Verlag, München, 336 pp. (in German)
    • Bavaria
      • Lower Bavaria
        • Bavarian Forest
          • Zwiesel
            • Rabenstein
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
      • Upper Palatinate
        • Auerbach
    		Stanjek, H. (1983): Auerbach/Oberpfalz. Phosphatmineralien aus der Grube Leonie. Lapis 8 (3), 9-18; 42. (in German)
          • Nitzlbuch (Nitzelbuch)
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
        • Oberpfälzer Wald
          • Plößberg
          • Tirschenreuth
            • Marchaney
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", 1990
          • Vohenstrauß
            • Pleystein
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 868.
            • Waidhaus
              • Hagendorf
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
    http://www.berthold-weber.de/h_miner.htm
    Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
          • Waldmünchen
            • Althütte
    		Lapis, 10 (4), 13-17.
    • Hesse
      • Wetzlar
        • Waldgirmes
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", 1990
        • Weilburg
          • Essershausen
    		Blaß, G. (2002): Eine neue Phosphatmineralien-Paragenese von der Grube Mark bei Essershausen, mittleres Lahngebiet, Taunus. Mineralien-Welt, 13 (6), 18-43. (in German)
    • North Rhine-Westphalia
      • Sauerland
        • Arnsberg
          • Uentrop
    		S. Weiß: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
        • Warstein
          • Hirschberg
    		D. Pawlowski: "Mineralfundstellen im Sauerland", Weise (Munich), 1991
      • Siegerland
        • Eiserfeld
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
        • Salchendorf
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    • Rhineland-Palatinate
      • Westerwald
        • Wied Iron Spar District
          • Altenkirchen
            • Bürdenbach
    		Weiss: "Mineralienfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
    • Thuringia
      • Bad Lobenstein
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Kanto Region
        • Ibaraki Prefecture
          • Chiyoda-machi
      • Kinki region
        • Hyogo Prefecture
          • Kobe city
    		S. Matsubara (2000) Vivianite nodules and secondary phosphates in Pliocene-Pleistocene clay deposits from Hime-shima, Oita Prefecture and Kobe, Hyogo Prefecture, Western Japan. Memoirs of the National Science Museum (Tokyo), 33.
    Ganko-Gakkai Koen-Yoshi (Abstracts of the Meetings of Japanese Association of Mineralogists...) (in japanese) 40 (1995)
    Kazakhstan
     
    • Shyghys Qazaqstan Oblysy (Vostochno-Kazakhstanskaya [Eastern-Kazakhstan] Oblast')
      • Kalba Range
        • Belogorskii Town
    • Zhezqazghan Oblysy (Dzezkazgan Oblast'; Dzhezkazgan Oblast'; Djezkazgan Oblast'; Jezkazgan Oblast')
      • Mointy (Moyynty)
        • Mointy Railway Station
    Liberia
     
    • Bomi Co.
    		J.M.Axelrod, et al.: :Phosphate mineralization at Bomi Hill and Bambuta, Liberia, West Africa", Am. Min. 37,883-909(1952)
    Madagascar
     
    • Fianarantsoa Province
      • Amoron'i Mania Region
        • Ampandramaika-Malakialina Pegmatite Field
          • Ambatofinandrahana Departement
    		J. Behier (1960): Contribution à la Mineralogie de Madagascar. Ann.Geol.Mad. XXIX , p 57
    Namibia
     
    • Erongo Region
      • Karibib District
        • Okatjimukuju farm (Friedrichsfelde farm)
    		P. Keller and O. von Knorring, Eur. J. Mineral. , 1989, 1, pp. 567-593.
    Portugal
     
    • Guarda District
      • Gouveia
        • Folgosinho
      • Sabugal
    		Schnorrer-Köhler (1991), Mineral Occurrences.
    • Viana do Castelo District
      • Caminha
        • Arga de Baixo/Arga de Cima
      • Ponte da Barca
    		Self-collected by Pedro Alves.
      • Ponte de Lima
      • Vila Nova de Cerveira
        • Covas
    		personal find by Pedro Alves.
    • Vila Real District
      • Vila Pouca de Aguiar
    • Viseu District
      • Mangualde
      • Penalva do Castelo
        • Sezures
    		Correia Neves, J.M. (1962), Pegmatito da Região da Venturinha (Penalva do Castelo, Viseu), Memórias e Noticias do Museu e Laboratório Mineralógico e Geológico da Universidade de Coimbra, vol. 54, 1962: 1-135.
      • Vila Nova de Paiva
        • Queiriga
    		self-find, Pedro Alves collection
      • Vouzela
    South Africa
     
    • Northern Cape Province
      • Namaqualand
        • Kenhardt District
    		Minerals of South Africa
    Spain
     
    • Castile and Leon
      • Zamora
    Sweden
     
    • Lappland
      • Kiruna
        • Svappavaara
    		No reference listed
    • Södermanland
      • Haninge
    		Gustafsson, Lars & Otter, Bertil (1991): Mineralförekomster i Stockholmstrakten.Del 2. STEIN 18(4),4-12
    UK
     
    • England
      • Cornwall
        • Liskeard District
          • Caradon & Phoenix Area (South-Eastern Bodmin Moor)
            • Linkinhorne
    		No reference listed
        • St Agnes District
          • Perranzabuloe
    		No reference listed
        • St Austell District
          • Luxulyan Area (Luxulian Area)
            • Hensbarrow Downs
              • Stenalees
    		[J.Russel Soc 1998:15
      • Cumbria
        • North and Western Region (Cumberland)
          • Caldbeck Fells
            • Coombe Height
    		No reference listed
      • Devon
        • Tavistock District
          • Tavistock Hamlets
    		[Specimen in the Natural History Museum, London]
    USA
     
    • Alabama
      • Calhoun Co.
    		Rocks & Min 70:5 pp 320-333
    Rocks & Min.: 58:57-62.
      • Cherokee Co.
    		Min.Rec.:20(5):361.
    Mineralogy of Alabama Geol Surv Ala. Bull 120
    Rocks & Min 70:5 pp 320-333
      • Coosa Co.
        • Rockford District
          • Two Bit pegmatite
    		Rocks & Min 70:5 pp 320-333
    Rocks & Minerals: 70(5): 320-333.
      • Shelby Co.
    		Chris Bryant.
      • St. Clair Co.
    		Mineralogy of Alabama Geol Surv Ala. Bull 120
    • Arkansas
      • Garland Co.
        • Wilson Springs (Potash Sulfur Springs)
          • Union Carbide Mine
    		R&M 70:3 pp 154-170
      • Polk Co.
    		No reference listed
    Rocks & Min.:64:297-298.
    Am Min 51:1811-1814
        • Three Oaks Gap
    		Rocks & Minerals: 63: 120.
    • Colorado
      • Teller Co.
        • Cripple Creek District
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B.
    • Connecticut
    		Januzzi, 1976. Mineral Localities of CT and Southeastern NY State
      • Middlesex Co.
    		Januzzi, 1976. Mineral Localities of CT and Southeastern NY State, p.234
    • Florida
      • Polk Co.
        • Homeland
    		Denicourt, R., Micromounters of New England program, NE meeting program, May 1984
    • Georgia
      • Burke Co.
        • Girard District
    		Jason Smith & M.E. Ciriotti (2005) [m.ciriotti@tin.it]
    • Maine
      • Androscoggin Co.
        • Poland
    		No reference listed
      • Cumberland Co.
        • Baldwin
    		Thompson, W.B., et,al., 2000, Rocks & Minerals, vol. 75, no. 6, pgs 408-418
      • Oxford Co.
        • Greenwood
    		No reference listed
        • Newry
    		No reference listed
    No reference listed
    No reference listed
        • Paris
        • Rumford
    		No reference listed
    King & Foord, 1994. Mineralogy of Maine, Vol.1, p.264.
    • Maryland
      • Prince Georges Co.
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 868.
    • New Hampshire
      • Cheshire Co.
        • Alstead
    		No reference listed
    Seaman, David (1976). Pegmatite Minerals of the World
      • Grafton Co.
        • Alexandria
    		No reference listed
        • Groton
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 868.
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 868, 977.
    Whitmore & Lawrence, 2004: The Pegmatite Mines Known As Palermo, p.96.
    Rocks & Min., May 1999.
      • Strafford Co.
        • Strafford
    		Rocks & Min.:64:504.
      • Sullivan Co.
        • Newport
    		No reference listed
    • New Jersey
      • Gloucester Co.
    		[MinRec 11:309]
    • North Carolina
      • Cleveland Co.
        • Kings Mountain District
    		To many to list here. If interested, we can e-mail them to you.
      • Gaston Co.
        • Bessemer City
    		No reference listed
    • Pennsylvania
      • Northampton Co.
        • Hellertown
    		Min.Rec.: 11(Sep-Oct 1980):311.
      • Snyder Co.
    		Min. Col. PA; Geyer, Smith & Barnes; Pgs. 201-202
    • South Carolina
      • Cherokee Co.
        • Kings Creek District
          • Kings Creek Mine
    		Rocks & Minerals 54:4 pp173-175
    • South Dakota
      • Custer Co.
        • Custer District
          • Custer
    		R&M 75:3 pp 156-169
          • Fourmile
    		Rocks & Minerals: 75(3): 156-169.
    Mineralogical Record: 17: 237-254; Rocks & Minerals: 60: 117.
          • Pringle
            • Cicero Peak
    		Rocks & Minerals: 75(3): 156-169.
      • Pennington Co.
        • Hill City District
    		Rocks & Minerals: 75(3): 156-169.
        • Keystone District
          • Glendale
    		Rocks & Minerals: 60: 116.
    R&M 75:3 pp 156-169
    R&M 75:3 pp 156-169
          • Keystone
    		Rocks & Minerals: 67(6): 380-388.
    • Utah
      • Iron Co.
        • Iron Springs District (Iron and Granite Mountains & Three Peaks)
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
    • Virginia
      • Rockbridge Co.
        • Lyndhurst-Vesuvius District
    		Rocks & Min.:64:42-45 (also see Rocks & Min.:57:20-22 & 60:168); Watson(1907).
        • Midvale
          • South Mountain
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 562, 868; American Mineralogist (1949): 34: 513-540; Rocks & Minerals:64: 44.
    Mineral and/or Locality