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Russellite

Formula:
(BiO)
 
2
[WO
 
4
]
System:OrthorhombicColour:Yellow-green, yellow
Hardness:
Name:
Named after Sir Arthur Russell (1878-1964), British mineralogist.


An alteration product of primary bismuth minerals and wolframite.

The tungstate analogue of koechlinite.

Classification of Russellite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:6/G.01-70
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:4.DE.15

4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
D : Metal: Oxygen = 1:2 and similar
E : With medium-sized cations; with various polyhedra
Dana 8th edition ID:48.2.1.1

48 : ANHYDROUS MOLYBDATES AND TUNGSTATES
2 : A2XO4
Hey's CIM Ref.:27.4.10

27 : Sulphites, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
4 : Tungstates
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Type Occurrence of Russellite

Type Locality:Castle-an-Dinas Mine, St Columb Major, Belowda Area, St Austell District, Cornwall, England, UK
Year of Discovery:1938

Physical Properties of Russellite

Colour:Yellow-green, yellow
Hardness (Mohs):
Density (measured):7.33 - 7.37 g/cm3
Density (calculated):7.4 g/cm3

Crystallography of Russellite

Crystal System:Orthorhombic
Cell Parameters:a = 5.43Å, b = 16.43Å, c = 5.45Å
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.33 : 1 : 0.332
Unit Cell Volume:V 486.22 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Optical Data of Russellite

Type:Biaxial (+)
Dispersion:relatively strong

Chemical Properties of Russellite

Formula:
(BiO)
 
2
[WO
 
4
]
Idealised Formula:
Bi
 
2
WO
 
6
Essential elements:Bi, O, W
All elements listed in formula:Bi, O, W

Relationship of Russellite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
4.DE.05Downeyite
SeO
 
2
4.DE.10Koragoite
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
3+
 
)
 
3
(Nb,Ta,Ti)
 
2
(Nb,Mn)
 
2
(W,Ta)
 
2
O
 
20
4.DE.15Koechlinite
(BiO)
 
2
[MoO
 
4
]
4.DE.15Tungstibite
Sb
 
2
WO
 
6
4.DE.20Tellurite
TeO
 
2
4.DE.25Paratellurite
TeO
 
2
4.DE.30Bismutotantalite
Bi(Ta,Nb)O
 
4
4.DE.30Bismutocolumbite
Bi(Nb,Ta)O
 
4
4.DE.30Cervantite
Sb
3+
 
Sb
5+
 
O
 
4
4.DE.30Stibiotantalite
Sb(Ta,Nb)O
 
4
4.DE.30Stibiocolumbite
Sb(Nb,Ta)O
 
4
4.DE.30Clinocervantite
Sb
3+
 
Sb
5+
 
O
 
4
4.DE.35Baddeleyite
ZrO
 
2
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
27.4.1Cuprotungstite
Cu
 
2
[(OH)
 
2
|WO
 
4
]
27.4.2Scheelite
Ca[WO
 
4
]
27.4.4Anthoinite
WAlO
 
3
(OH)
 
3
(?)
27.4.5Mpororoite
AlWO
 
3
(OH)
 
3
·2H
 
2
O
27.4.6Yttrotungstite-(Y)
YW
 
2
O
 
6
(OH)
 
3
27.4.7Yttrotungstite-(Ce)
(Ce,Nd,Y)W
 
2
O
 
6
(OH)
 
3
27.4.8Stolzite
Pb[WO
 
4
]
27.4.9Raspite
PbWO
 
4
27.4.11Pinalite
Pb
 
3
WO
 
5
Cl
 
2
27.4.12Uranotungstite
(Fe
2+
 
,Ba,Pb)(UO
 
2
)
 
2
[(OH)
 
4
|WO
 
4
] · 12H
 
2
O
27.4.13Hübnerite
MnWO
 
4
27.4.14Ferberite
FeWO
 
4
27.4.15Wolframite
(Fe
2+
 
)WO
 
4
 
 
to (Mn
2+
 
)WO
 
4
27.4.16Ferritungstite
(W,Fe
3+
 
)(O,OH)
 
3
27.4.17Phyllotungstite
Ca
 
x
[(W,Fe)(O,OH)
 
3
]·yH
 
2
O
27.4.18Qitianlingite
(Fe,Mn)
 
2
(Nb,Ta)
 
2
WO
 
10

Other Names for Russellite

Other Languages:
German:Russellit
Russian:Русселит
Spanish:Russellita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Russellite

Reference List:Hey, Bannister, and Russell (1938),
Mineralogical Magazine: 25: 41.

American Mineralogist (1938): 23: 121.

Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1944), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume I: Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York. 7th edition, revised and enlarged: 604-605.

Mineralogical Magazine (1992): 56: 399-409.

American Mineralogist (1993): 78: 454.

Internet Links for Russellite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Search for Russellite in the Natural History Museum (London) online catalogue
  • Russellite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    Localities for Russellite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • South Australia
      • Mt Lofty Ranges
        • South Mt Lofty Ranges
          • Balhannah
    A. Pring, W. Aird and U. Kolitsch (2003): Perite and russellite from South Australia. Austral. J. Mineral. 9, 87-90.
    • Victoria
      • Ballarat
        • Pittong
    Museum Victoria Mineralogy Collection
      • Thologolong
    Museum Victoria Mineralogy Collection
    • Western Australia
      • Cue Shire
        • Cue
    No reference listed
    Canada
     
    • Northwest Territories
      • Nahani River area
    MinRec 17:340
    • Yukon Territory
      • Mayo Mining District
        • Mayo
          • Kalzas Mt
    J.W. Anthony, R.A. Bideaux, K.W. Bladh, M.C. Nichols: Handbook of Mineralogy, Vol. III (1997)
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Karlovy Vary Region
        • Horní Slavkov (Schlaggenwald)
          • Krásno
    Sejkora, J., Ondruš, P., Fikar, M., Veselovský, F., Mach, Z., Gabašová, A., Skoda, R. & Beran, P. (2006): Supergene minerals at the Huber stock and Schnöd stock deposits, Krásno ore District, the Slavkovský les area, Czech Republic. Journal of the Czech Geological Society 51, 57-101.
      • Ústí Region
        • Krušné Hory Mts (Erzgebirge)
          • Krupka (Graupen)
            • Steinknochen (Lux vein) area
    Lapis 23(4), 18-34 (1998)
    Germany
     
    • Baden-Württemberg
      • Black Forest
        • Nordrach
    No reference listed
        • Wolfach
          • Oberwolfach
            • Rankach valley
    Walenta, K. (1992): Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes. Chr. Weise Verlag, München, 336 pp. (in German); KOLITSCH, U. & GÖTZINGER, M. (2000): Einige Neufunde aus der Grube Clara im mittleren Schwarzwald: Eulytin, Namibit, Volborthit, Gearksutit, Spertiniit, Monazit-(La), Protasit, Sainfeldit, Cyanotrichit und Vauquelinit. - Erzgräber 14, 33-47.
    • Saxony
      • Erzgebirge
        • Altenberg
    Mineralien-Welt, (2), 17-39.
        • Johanngeorgenstadt District
          • Steinbach
    No reference listed
        • Schneeberg District
    J. Gröbner, U. Kolitsch: Lapis 30(7/8):71-73 (2005)
      • Vogtland
        • Oelsnitz
    Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    Germany & Czech Republic
     
    • Saxony & Ústí Region (Bohemia; Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Erzgebirge; Krusné Hory Mts
    Jansa, J., Novák, F., Pauliš, P., Scharmová, M.: Supergenní minerály Sn-W ložiska Cínovec v Krušných horách (Česká republika). Bulletin mineralogicko-petrografického oddělení Národního muzea v Praze, 1998, roč. 6, s. 83-101; Lapis 17(2), 31-35 (1992)
    Namibia
     
    • Erongo Region
      • Karibib District
    Schnaitmann, E. A., Nägele, H., Niedermayr, G., Brandstätter, F. & Jahn, S. (2007): Das Metazeunerit-Pocket auf Tubussis 22, Erongo. Mineralien-Welt 18 (2), 33-43. (in German)
    • Kunene Region
      • Damaraland District
        • Omaruru
    Jahn, S. & Bast, R. (2006): Der Krantzberg bei Omaruru, Namibia, und die Mineralvorkommen in seiner Umgebung. Mineralien-Welt 17 (3), 32-48.
    UK
     
    • England
      • Cornwall
        • Callington District
          • Gunnislake Area
    Weiss, S., Green, D.H., Hooper, J.J. & Elton, N. (2007): Erzgänge und "alpine " klüfte: Die Mineralien des Hingston Quarry, Calstock, Cornwall. LAPIS 32 (11), 13-25
        • St Austell District
          • Belowda Area
            • St Columb Major
    [Clark, 1993 - "Hey's Mineral Index"]
      • Cumbria
        • North and Western Region (Cumberland)
          • Southern Fells
            • Waberthwaite
    BMS Database
      • Devon
        • Tavistock District
          • Plympton
    Mineralogical Record (2001) 32:249
    Mineral and/or Locality
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    Copyright © Jolyon Ralph and Ida Chau 1993-2009. Site Map. Locality, mineral & photograph data are the copyright of the individuals who submitted them.Further information contact the Site hosted & developed by Jolyon Ralph. Mindat.org is an online information resource dedicated to providing free mineralogical information to all. Mindat relies on the contributions of hundreds of members and supporters. If you would like to add information to improve the quality of our database, then click here to register. Current server date and time: 31st Oct 2009 20:58:34