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Ruthenium

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Big Photo

Tumet river, Asosa region (Assosa region), Benshangul-Gumaz Province, Ethiopia
© Pavel M. Kartashov

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Formula:
(Ru,Ir)
System:HexagonalColour:Silver-white
Lustre:MetallicHardness:6½
This page provides mineralogical data about Ruthenium.

Classification of Ruthenium

IMA status:Approved
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:1.AF.05

1 : ELEMENTS (Metals and intermetallic alloys; metalloids and nonmetals; carbides, silicides, nitrides, phosphides)
A : Metals and Intermetallic Alloys
F : Platinum group elements
Dana 7th edition ID:1.2.2.2
Dana 8th edition ID:1.2.2.2

1 : NATIVE ELEMENTS AND ALLOYS
2 : Platinum Group Metals and Alloys
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Type Occurrence of Ruthenium

Type Locality:Horokanai placer, Uryugawa, Uryu-gun, Kamikawa Province, Hokkaido, Japan
Year of Discovery:1974

Physical Properties of Ruthenium

Lustre:Metallic
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Opaque
Colour:Silver-white
Hardness (Mohs):6½

Crystallography of Ruthenium

Crystal System:Hexagonal
Cell Parameters:a = 2.7Å, c = 4.28Å
Ratio:a:c = 1 : 1.585
Unit Cell Volume:V 27.02 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Chemical Properties of Ruthenium

Formula:
(Ru,Ir)
Essential elements:Ru
All elements listed in formula:Ir, Ru
Common Impurities:Ir,Pt,Rh,Os,Pd,Fe,Ni,Cu

Relationship of Ruthenium to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
1.AF.05Osmium
(Os,Ir,Ru)
1.AF.05Rutheniridosmine
(Ir,Os,Ru)
1.AF.10Iridium
(Ir,Os,Ru)
1.AF.10Palladium
(Pd,Pt)
1.AF.10Platinum
Pt
1.AF.10Rhodium
(Rh,Pt)
Related Minerals - Dana Grouping):

- +
1.2.2.1Osmium
(Os,Ir,Ru)
1.2.2.3Rhenium
Re

Other Names for Ruthenium

Synonyms:
IMA1974-013
Other Languages:
Afrikaans:Rutenium
Arabic:روثينيوم
Armenian:Ռոթենիում
Basque:Rutenio
Belarusian:Рутэній
Bengali:রুথেনিয়াম
Bosnian (Latin Script):Rutenijum
Catalan:Ruteni
Corsican:Ruteniu
Croatian:Rutenij
Czech:Ruthenium
Danish:Ruthenium
Dutch:Ruthenium
Esperanto:Rutenio
Estonian:Ruteenium
Finnish:Rutenium
French:Ruthénium
Friulian:Ruteni
Galician:Rutenio
German:Ruthenium
Greek:Ρουθήνιο
Hebrew:רותניום
Hindi:रुथेनियम
Hungarian:Ruténium
Icelandic:Rúþen
Ido:Rutenio
Indonesian:Rutenium
Italian:Rutenio
Japanese:自然ルテニウム
Javanese:Rutenium
Kannada:ರುಥೇನಿಯಮ್
Korean:루테늄
Kurdish (Latin Script):Rûtenyûm
Latin:Ruthenium
Latvian:Rutēnijs
Lithuanian:Rutenis
Lojban:rukyjinme
Luxembourgish:Ruthenium
Malayalam:റുഥീനിയം
Manx:Rutainium
Norwegian (Bokmål):Ruthenium
Norwegian (Nynorsk):Ruthenium
Occitan:Rutèni
Persian:روتنیوم
Polish:Ruten
Portuguese:Rutênio
Romanian:Ruteniu
Russian:Рутений
Serbian (Cyrillic Script):Рутенијум
Serbo-Croatian:Rutenijum
Sicilian:Ruteniu
Simplified Chinese:自然钌
Slovak:Ruténium
Slovenian:Rutenij
Spanish:Rutenio
Swahili:Rutheni
Swedish:Rutenium
Tamil:ருத்தேனியம்
Tatar:Ruteni
Thai:รูทีเนียม
Turkish:Rutenyum
Ukrainian:Рутеній
Uzbek (Latin Script):Ruteniy
Vietnamese:Rutheni
Varieties:
Iridrhodruthenium

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Ruthenium

Reference List:

- +
Urashima et al (1974) Mineralogical Journal, 7, 438-444.

American Mineralogist (1975): 60: 946.

American Mineralogist (1976): 61: 177.

Best Localities for Ruthenium

Best of Species:Ruthenium

Internet Links for Ruthenium

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    • External Links:
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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Ruthenium details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    • Localities for Ruthenium

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • Tasmania
      • Rosebery district
    		G. A. Albertson Data
    Bulgaria
     
    • Blagoevgrad Oblast
    Canada
     
    • Newfoundland and Labrador
      • Newfoundland
        • Baie Verte Peninsula
          • Baie Verte
            • Advocate Ophiolite complex
    		Escayola, M., Garuti, G., Zaccarini, F., Proenza, J.A., Bédard, J.H. & Van Staal, C. (2011) Chromitite and platinum-group-element mineralization at Middle Arm Brook, Advocate Ophiolite complex, Baie Verte Peninsula, Newfoundland, Canada. Canadian Mineralogist 49, 1523-1547.
    China
     
    • Hebei Province
      • Shijiazhuang Prefecture
        • Lingshou Co.
          • Shihu-Tuling gold field
    		Peng Qiming and Xu Hong (1994): Chinese Journal of Geochemistry 13(1), 55-60.
    • Liaoning Province (Manchuria; Dongbei Region)
      • Huludao Prefecture
        • Suizhong Co.
    		Peng Qiming and Xu Hong (1994): Chinese Journal of Geochemistry 13(1), 55-60.
    • Tibet Autonomous Region
      • Nagchu Prefecture (Naqu Prefecture)
        • Amdo Co. (Anduo Co.)
          • Dongqiao ophiolite (Donqiao ophiolite)
    		[var: Iridrhodruthenium] Shuihe Mao and Xuecui Zhou (1989): Acta Mineralogica Sinica 9(2), 136-140
      • Shannan Prefecture (Lhokha Prefecture; Lhoka Prefecture)
        • Qusum Co. (Qusong Co.)
    		Wenji Bai, Jingsui Yang, Qingsong Fang, Binggang Yan, Zhongming Zhang, Yufeng Ren, Nicheng Shi, Zhesheng Ma, and Mingquan Dai (2004): Earth Science Frontiers 11(1), 179-187
    Colombia
     
    • Cauca Department
      • Mun. de Guapí
    		Min Mag (1997) 61:367-375
    Dominican Republic
     
    • Monseñor Nouel Province
      • Bonao
    		Zaccharini et al. (2009): Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie - Abhandlungen, 185, 335-349
    Ethiopia
     
    • Benshangul-Gumaz Province
      • Asosa region (Assosa region)
    		Pavel M. Kartashov data
    Indonesia
     
    • Kalimantan Island (Borneo Island)
      • Kalimantan Selatan Province (South Kalimantan Province)
    Japan
     
    • Hokkaido
      • Kamikawa Province
        • Uryu-gun
          • Uryugawa
    		Urashima et al (1974) Mineralogical Journal, 7, 438-444.
    Mongolia
     
    • Dzavhan Aimag (Zavkhan Aimag)
      • Khan-Taishirin-Ula range
    		http://www.dmitrenkogg.narod.ru/Mongoliy.htm
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
    		www.cosis.net/abstracts/EAE03/14099/EAE03-A-14099.pdf.
    • Northern Region
      • Murmanskaja Oblast'
        • Kola Peninsula
          • Monche-Tundra
            • Monchegorsk
    		Neradovsky, Y.N., and Savchenko, E.E. (2008): Geology of Ore Deposits 50(8), 746-748.
    • Urals Region
      • Middle Urals
        • Sverdlovskaya Oblast'
          • Nizhnii Tagil
            • Baranchinsky Massif
              • Aktai River
    		Jedwab J.(1990) Native ruthenium in tantalum carbide concentrates from the Ural mountains, USSR, - Miner. and Petrol., v.43, N2, pp. 137-146.
          • Sysert' district
    		P.M. Kartashov analytical data
      • Southern Urals
        • Chelyabinsk Oblast'
    		[AmMin 84:195]
    South Africa
     
    • Limpopo Province
      • Bushveld Complex
    		The Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 43, pp. 1711-1734 (2005)
    USA
     
    • Arkansas
      • Saline Co.
    		Howard, 1987. Mineral Species of Arkansas, addenda
    • California
      • Mariposa Co.
    		Min Mag (1997) 61:367-375
      • Nevada Co.
        • North San Juan District (Badger Hill District)
          • Yuba River
    		Sjoberg, J. and Gomes, J.M. (1980) Platinum-group minerals in California alluvial deposits. US Bureau of Mines, Reno Research Center, unpublished manuscript: 15, figure 1; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 45.
      • Trinity Co.
        • Klamath Mts
          • Salmon Mts
            • New River District
              • New River
    		Tony Nikischer
            • North Fork District
    		Alfredo Petrov collection; Excalibur Mineral Co. analyses
      • Yuba Co.
        • Hammonton District (Yuba River District; Yuba Gold Field; Yuba Dredge Field; Yuba Consolidated Gold Fields)
          • Hammonton
    		Sjoberg, J. and Gomes, J.M. (1980) Platinum-group minerals in California alluvial deposits. US Bureau of Mines, Reno Research Center, unpublished manuscript: 15; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 45.
    • Oregon
      • Jackson Co.
        • Applegate District
    		Min Mag (1997) 61:367-375
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    Copyright © Jolyon Ralph and Ida Chau 1993-2013. Site Map. Locality, mineral & photograph data are the copyright of the individuals who submitted them. Further information contact the Site hosted & developed by Jolyon Ralph. Mindat.org is an online information resource dedicated to providing free mineralogical information to all. Mindat relies on the contributions of hundreds of members and supporters. Mindat does not offer minerals for sale. If you would like to add information to improve the quality of our database, then click here to register.
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