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Salammoniac

Big Photo

Ravat Village, Fan-Yagnob Basin, Gissar Range, Viloyati Sogd (Viloyati Sughd; Viloyati Khodzhent; Viloyati Leninabad), Tajikistan
© Rob Lavinsky

Show Salammoniac Photos (41)
Formula:
NH
 
4
Cl
System:IsometricColour:Colourless, White, ...
Hardness:1 - 2
Name:From Greek, άλς άμμωυιακός sals ammonikos, salt of Ammon, because of its early manufacture in Egypt.
This page provides mineralogical data about Salammoniac.

Classification of Salammoniac

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:3/A.04-10
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:3.AA.25

3 : HALIDES
A : Simple halides, without H2O
A : M:X = 1:1, 2:3, 3:5, etc.
Dana 8th edition ID:9.1.3.1

9 : NORMAL HALIDES
1 : AX
Hey's CIM Ref.:8.1.7

8 : Halides - Fluorides, Chlorides, Bromides and Iodides; also Fluoborates and Fluosilicates
1 : Halides of the alkali metals and ammonium
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Occurrences of Salammoniac

Geological Setting:Volcanic fumaroles; burning coal seams; guano deposits.

Physical Properties of Salammoniac

Lustre:Vitreous
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent
Colour:Colourless, White, sometimes yellow or brown.
Hardness (Mohs):1 - 2
Tenacity:Sectile
Cleavage:Very Good
Imperfect on {111}.
Parting:Translation gliding with T{011}, t[001].
Fracture:Conchoidal
Density (measured):1.532 g/cm3
Density (calculated):1.535 g/cm3

Crystallography of Salammoniac

Crystal System:Isometric
Class (H-M):4 3 2 - Gyroidal
Cell Parameters:a = 3.859Å
Unit Cell Volume:V 57.47 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:Crystals usually trapezohedral {112} modified by {113} at times; less commonly with gyroidal forms alone, or in combination. Dodecahedral; cubic (rare). Crystals often exhibit curved or stepped faces and may present a tetragnal or rhombohedral appearance due to suppression of faces and distortion. Skeletal or dendritic aggregates. Crusts or stalactitic masses; fibrous, earthy or mealy.
Twinning:On {111}.

Optical Data of Salammoniac

Type:Isotropic
Comments:Weakly birefringent at times, especially after mechanical deformation.

Chemical Properties of Salammoniac

Formula:
NH
 
4
Cl
Essential elements:Cl, H, N
All elements listed in formula:Cl, H, N
Analyical Data:Taste salty, astringent. Very plastic
Relationship of Salammoniac to other Species
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):
3.AA.05Marshite
CuI
3.AA.05Miersite
(Ag,Cu)I
3.AA.05Nantokite
CuCl
3.AA.10Iodargyrite
AgI
3.AA.10Tocornalite
(Ag,Hg)I
3.AA.15Bromargyrite
AgBr
3.AA.15Chlorargyrite
AgCl
3.AA.20Carobbiite
KF
3.AA.20Griceite
LiF
3.AA.20Halite
NaCl
3.AA.20Sylvite
KCl
3.AA.20Villiaumite
NaF
3.AA.25Lafossaite
Tl(Cl,Br)
3.AA.30Calomel
Hg
 
2
Cl
 
2
3.AA.30Kuzminite
Hg
 
2
(Br,Cl)
 
2
3.AA.30Moschelite
Hg
 
2
I
 
2
3.AA.35Neighborite
NaMgF
 
3
3.AA.40Chlorocalcite
KCaCl
 
3
3.AA.45Kolarite
PbTeCl
 
2
3.AA.50Radhakrishnaite
PbTe
 
3
(Cl,S)
 
2
3.AA.55Challacolloite
KPb
 
2
Cl
 
5
3.AA.55Hephaistosite
TlPb
 
2
Cl
 
5
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:
8.1.1Griceite
LiF
8.1.2Villiaumite
NaF
8.1.3Halite
NaCl
8.1.4Hydrohalite
NaCl·2H
 
2
O
8.1.5Carobbiite
KF
8.1.6Sylvite
KCl
Other Names for Salammoniac
Synonyms:
ChlorammoniumChloride of AmmoniumMuriate of AmmoniaSal-AmmoniacSal Ammoniac
French names:
Sel ammoniac
German names:
AmmoniumchloridNatürliches SalmiakSalammoniakSalmiacSalmiak
Italian names:
Chlorammonio
Latin names:
Sal ammoniacus
Russian names:
Нашатырь
Other Information
Other Information:Water Soluble
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
References for Salammoniac
Reference List:Model (1758) Versuch über ein nat. Salmiak, Leipzig.



Rammelsberg (1855): 41 (as Chlorammonium).



Scacchi (1875) Acc. Napoli: 67: 28 (as Chlorammonio).



Rammelsberg (1881): 247.



Groth (1906): 1: 182 (as Ammoniumchlorid).



Johnsen (1907) Jb. Min. Beil.-Bd.: 33: 311.



Wyckoff (1922) American Journal of Science: 3: 177.



Wyckoff (1922) American Journal of Science: 4: 469.



Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Etc. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged: 15-18.



Journal of the Physical Society of Japan (1959): 1205.


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    Localities for Salammoniac
    
	






    


    

    
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    (TL) indicates type locality.  ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.

    Austria
     
    

    • Styria
    

      • Köflach
    

        • Köflach - Voitsberg lignite deposit
    

          • Zangtal District
    
    		R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993)
    

    • Tyrol
    

      • North Tyrol
    

        • Inn valley
    

          • Innsbruck
    

            • Hall
    
    		R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993)
    Belgium
     
    

    • Hainaut (Henegouwen; Hennegau) Province
    

      • Charleroi
    

        • Fleurus
    

          • Soleimont (Soleilmont)
    
    		Richard de Nul communication
    



        • Ransart
    
    		Rui Nunes (info Eddy Vervloet) Dec 28th 2005
    Chile
     
    
Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 17.
    


      • Iquique Province
    

        • Iquique
    

          • Puerta Patillos
    
    		http://forum.amiminerals.org/viewtopic.php?t=3756&highlight=patache
    China
     
    

    • Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region
    

      • Wuhai League
    

        • Wuda District
    

          • Wuda Coal mining area
    
    		American Mineralogist: 90: 1729-1739.
    

    • Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region
    

      • Shizuishan Prefecture
    

        • Pingluo Co.
    
    		Kuenzer, C., Jianzhong Zhang, Tetzlaff, A., van Dijk, P., Voigt, S., Mehl, H., and Wagner, W. (2007): Applied Geography 27, 42-62.
    



Kuenzer, C., Jianzhong Zhang, Tetzlaff, A., van Dijk, P., Voigt, S., Mehl, H., and Wagner, W. (2007): Applied Geography 27, 42-62.
    Czech Republic
     
    

    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
    

      • Central Bohemia Region
    

        • Kladno
    

          • Libušin
    
    		No reference listed
    


      • Hradec Králové Region
    

        • Trutnov (Trautenau)
    

          • Radvanice
    
    		Žáček, V., Ondruš, P.: Mineralogy of recently formed sublimates from Kateřina colliery in Radvanice, Eastern Bohemia, Czech Republic. Bulletin of the Czech geological survey, 1998, vol. 73, no. 2, s. 289-302.
    


      • Ústí Region
    

        • Bílina (Bilin)
    
    		Bouška, V., Dvořák, Z.: Nerosty severočeské hěndouhelné pánve. Praha: Severočeské doly, a.s., 160 s.
    France
     
    

    • Auvergne
    

      • Allier
    

        • Montluçon
    

          • Commentry
    
    		"Les minéraux, leurs gisements, leurs associations", P. Bariand, F. Cesbron et J. Geffroy (1977), Editions Minéraux et Fossiles, BRGM
    

    • Franche-Comté
    

      • Haute-Saône
    

        • Ronchamp
    
    		Hohl: "Minéraux et Mines du Massif Vosgien", Editions du Rhin (Mulhouse), 1994
    

    • Midi-Pyrénées
    

      • Aveyron
    

        • Decazeville
    

          • Decazeville coal basin
    

    




http://www.pangeaminerals.com/aveyron/houiller/houiller.htm
    

    • Rhône-Alpes
    

      • Loire
    

        • Saint-Etienne
    
    		Laurent, H. (1995) - Minéralisations des houillères embrasées, Le Règne Minéral,(2), 41-45.
    French West Indies
     
    

    • Lesser Antilles
    

      • Martinique
    
    		Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 17.
    Germany
     
    

    • Bavaria
    

      • Upper Bavaria
    

        • Bad Reichenhall
    

          • Berchtesgaden
    

            • Berchtesgadener Salzberg Mt.
    

    

    • North Rhine-Westphalia
    

      • Aachen
    

        • Alsdorf
    

    


      • Ruhr Coal Mining area
    

        • Oberhausen
    
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", 1990
    

    • Saarland
    

      • Saar coal mining area
    

        • Saarbrücken
    

          • Dudweiler (Duttweiler)
    
    		Ramdohr, Strunz: Klockmann's Lehrbuch der Mineralogie
    

    • Saxony
    

      • Dresden
    

        • Freital
    

    


      • Zwickau
    

        • Oelsnitz
    
    		T. Witzke (1996): Die Minerale der brennenden Halde der Steinkohlengrube "Deutschland-schacht" in Oelsnitz bei Zwickau.- Aufschluss 47, 41-48
    

    • Thuringia
    

      • Gera
    

        • Ronneburg U deposit
    
    		T. Witzke & F. Rüger: Lapis 1998(7/8), 26-64
    Hungary
     
    

    • Baranya Co.
    

      • Mecsek Mts.
    

        • Komló
    

    

    • Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén Co.
    

      • Borsodi Mts.
    
    		Szakáll & Gatter: hungarian Mineral Species
    



        • Múcsony
    
    		Szakáll & Jánosi: Minerals of Hungary
    


      • Bükk Mts.
    

        • Miskolc
    
    		Szakáll & Jánosi: Minerals of Hungary, 1995
    

    • Heves Co.
    

      • Bükk Mts.
    
    		Szakáll & Jánosi. Minerals of Hungary, 1995
    

    • Nógrád Co.
    

      • Mátra Mts.
    

        • Bátonyterenye
    
    		Szakáll-Jánosi: Minerals of Hungary
    




    Iceland
     
    
Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 17.
    Italy
     
    

    • Campania
    

      • Naples Province
    

        • Phlegrean Fields
    

          • Pozzuoli
    
    		Russo, M. (2004): Realgar e pararealgar della Solfatara di Pozzuoli. Micro (notizie mineralogiche), 2004, 25-28
    



        • Somma-Vesuvius Complex
    
    		Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 17, 105.
    

    • Sicily
    

      • Catania Province
    

        • Etna Volcanic Complex
    
    		Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 17; AA. VV., 1996. Collezionare minerali. Hobby & Work.
    


      • Messina Province
    

        • Lipari
    

          • Eolie Islands (Aeolian Islands)
    
    		Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 17; AA. VV., 1996. Collezionare minerali. Hobby & Work.
    





            • Vulcano Island
    
    		JERVIS G. (1873): I tesori sotterranei d’Italia. - Ed. Loescher, Torino. AQUILANO D., FRANCHINI ANGELA M., BEDARIDA F. (1984): Crystal habit and growth conditions of NH4(Cl,Br) solid solutions from Vulcano Island (Italy). - Rendiconti della Società Italiana di Mineralogia e Petrografia - 39, 705-710. CORADOSSI N., MAZZI F. (1985): Variazione della costante reticolare a0 con il contenuto di bromo nel cloruro di ammonio naturale (salmiak) di Vulcano (Isole Eolie). - Rendiconti della Società Italiana di Mineralogia e Petrografia - 40, 267-275.
    






              • Porto Levante
    
    		JERVIS G. (1873): I tesori sotterranei d’Italia. - Ed. Loescher, Torino. AQUILANO D., FRANCHINI ANGELA M., BEDARIDA F. (1984): Crystal habit and growth conditions of NH4(Cl,Br) solid solutions from Vulcano Island (Italy). - Rendiconti della Società Italiana di Mineralogia e Petrografia - 39, 705-710. CORADOSSI N., MAZZI F. (1985): Variazione della costante reticolare a0 con il contenuto di bromo nel cloruro di ammonio naturale (salmiak) di Vulcano (Isole Eolie). - Rendiconti della Società Italiana di Mineralogia e Petrografia - 40, 267-275.
    Mexico
     
    

    • Michoacan
    

      • Uruapan del Progreso (Uruapan)
    
    		No reference listed
    Netherlands
     
    

    • Limburg
    

      • Kerkrade
    

    Peru
     
    

    • La Libertad Department
    
    		Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 17.
    
Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 17.
    Poland
     
    

    • Lower Silesia (Dolnośląskie)
    

      • Kłodzko District
    

        • Nowa Ruda
    
    		Wielogórski Z., Zawidzki P., Koisar B. 1975. Procesy powstawania minerałów w strefach pożarów hałdy kopalni węgla "Słupiec". Przegląd Górniczy, 9, 443-448
    

    • Upper Silesia (Śląskie)
    

      • Upper Silesian Coal Basin
    

        • Katowice area
    

          • Łaziska
    
    		Lukasz Kruszewski 2005: Minerals arising in cause of underground fires of "Skalny" coal mine dump in Laziska, Upper Silesia.Mag. Thesis (unpublished)
    




          • Siemianowice Śląskie
    
    		Lukasz Kruszewski (visual identification)
    Portugal
     
    

    • Porto District
    

      • Gondomar
    
    		Rui Nunes - Jan/2006
    Russia
     
    

    • Far-Eastern Region
    

      • Kamchatka Oblast'
    

    


[Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p163-180]
    


[Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p.163-180]
    Tajikistan
     
    

    • Viloyati Sogd (Viloyati Sughd; Viloyati Khodzhent; Viloyati Leninabad)
    

      • Gissar Range
    

        • Fan-Yagnob Basin
    
    		Lukasz Kruszewski (visual identification)
    



No reference listed
    


Lukasz Kruszewski (PXRD, visual identification)
    UK
     
    

    • England
    

      • Staffordshire
    

        • Stafford
    
    		F. Rutley: "Elements of Mineralogy", 12th Ed. (1900)
    


      • Tyne & Wear
    
    		Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 17; F. Rutley: "Elements of Mineralogy", 12th Ed. (1900)
    Ukraine
     
    

    • L'viv Oblast' (Lviv Oblast'; Lwiw Oblast')
    

      • L'viv-Volynskii Coal Basin (L'vov-Volynskii Coal Basin)
    

        • Chervonograd
    

    USA
     
    

    • Arizona
    

      • Yuma Co.
    

        • Yuma District
    
    		Galbraith, F.W. & Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 43.
    

    • Hawaii
    

      • Hawaii Co.
    

        • Hawaii Island
    
    		Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 17.
    

    • Oklahoma
    

      • Okmulgee Co.
    
    		Rocks & Minerals: 72(4): 252-264.
    


      • Tulsa Co.
    

        • Tulsa
    
    		Rocks & Min. vol. 72 (1997)
    

    • Pennsylvania
    

      • Columbia Co.
    

    


      • Schuylkill Co.
    

        • Shenandoah
    
    		Mineralogy Associated with Burning Anthracite Deposits of Eastern Pennsylvania. D. M. Lapham, J. Barns, W. Downey Jr., R. Finkelman; MRR#78 1980
    

    


    

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