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Santaclaraite

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Mount Hamilton, Santa Clara Co., California, USA
© Stephan Wolfsried

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Formula:
CaMn
 
4
[Si
 
5
O
 
14
OH](OH)·H
 
2
O
System:TriclinicColour:Pink to reddish-orange, ...
Hardness:6½
Name:For the county of Santa Clara, California, where it was first located.
This page provides mineralogical data about Santaclaraite.

Classification of Santaclaraite

IMA status:Approved 1979
Strunz 8th edition ID:8/F.27-40
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:9.DK.10

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
K : Inosilicates with 5-periodic single chains
Dana 8th edition ID:65.4.2.1

65 : INOSILICATES Single-Width,Unbranched Chains,(W=1)
4 : Single-Width Unbranched Chains, W=1 with chains P=5
Hey's CIM Ref.:14.18.16

14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
18 : Silicates of Mn and Na, K, Mg, Ca or Fe
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Type Occurrence of Santaclaraite

Type Locality:Pennsylvania mine, San Antonio Valley, Santa Clara Co., California, USA
Place of Conservation of Type Material:Smithsonian Institution
Year of Discovery:1981
Geological Setting of type material:Manganese mine

Physical Properties of Santaclaraite

Lustre:Vitreous
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent, Translucent
Colour:Pink to reddish-orange, brown
Streak:Very pale pink
Hardness (Mohs):6½
Cleavage:Distinct/Good
{100} {010}
Density (measured):3.31 g/cm3
Density (calculated):3.398 g/cm3

Crystallography of Santaclaraite

Crystal System:Triclinic
Cell Parameters:a = 9.73Å, b = 9.97Å, c = 7.6Å
α = 109.77°, β = 93.95°, γ = 104.97°
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.976 : 1 : 0.762
Unit Cell Volume:V 660.28 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:Radiating lamellar aggregates.

Optical Data of Santaclaraite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.681 nβ = 1.696 nγ = 1.708
2V:Measured: 83° , Calculated: 82°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.027

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:High
Dispersion:Calculated
Pleochroism:Weak
Comments:X= very pale red
Y= pale red
Z= pale reddish brown

Chemical Properties of Santaclaraite

Formula:
CaMn
 
4
[Si
 
5
O
 
14
OH](OH)·H
 
2
O
Essential elements:Ca, H, Mn, O, Si
All elements listed in formula:Ca, H, Mn, O, Si
Common Impurities:Al,Fe,Ni,Co,Mg,Na

Relationship of Santaclaraite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):
9.DK.05Babingtonite
Ca
 
2
(Fe,Mn)FeSi
 
5
O
 
14
(OH)
9.DK.05Lithiomarsturite
LiCa
 
2
Mn
 
2
Si
 
5
O
 
14
(OH)
9.DK.05Manganbabingtonite
Ca
 
2
(Mn,Fe)FeSi
 
5
O
 
14
(OH)
9.DK.05Marsturite
NaCaMn
 
3
Si
 
5
O
 
14
(OH)
9.DK.05Nambulite
(Li,Na)Mn
 
4
Si
 
5
O
 
14
(OH)
9.DK.05Natronambulite
(Na,Li)(Mn,Ca)
 
4
Si
 
5
O
 
14
OH
9.DK.05Rhodonite
MnSiO
 
3
9.DK.05Scandiobabingtonite
Ca
 
2
(Fe
2+
 
,Mn)ScSi
 
5
O
 
14
(OH)
9.DK.05Fowlerite
9.DK.10Bostwickite
CaMn
 
6
Si
 
3
O
 
16
·7H
 
2
O
9.DK.15Saneroite
Na
 
2
(Mn,Mn)
 
10
Si
 
11
VO
 
34
(OH)
 
4
9.DK.20Hellandite-(Y)
(Ca,Y)
 
6
(Al,Fe
3+
 
)Si
 
4
B
 
4
O
 
20
(OH)
 
4
9.DK.20Tadzhikite-(Ce)
(Ca,Ce)
 
4
(Ca,Y)
 
2
(Ti
4+
 
,Fe
3+
 
,Al)[B
 
4
Si
 
4
O
 
22
(O,OH)
 
6
](OH)
 
2
9.DK.20Mottanaite-(Ce)
Ca
 
4
(CeCa)AlBe
 
2
(Si
 
4
B
 
4
O
 
22
)O
 
2
9.DK.20Ciprianiite
Ca
 
4
[(Th,U)(REE)]Al
 
2
(Si
 
4
B
 
4
O
 
22
)(OH, F)
 
2
]
9.DK.20Hellandite-(Ce)
(Ca,Ce)
 
6
(Al,Fe
3+
 
)Si
 
4
B
 
4
O
 
20
(OH)
 
4
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:
14.18.1Nambulite
(Li,Na)Mn
 
4
Si
 
5
O
 
14
(OH)
14.18.2Natronambulite
(Na,Li)(Mn,Ca)
 
4
Si
 
5
O
 
14
OH
14.18.3Zakharovite
Na
 
4
Mn
 
5
Si
 
10
O
 
24
(OH)
 
6
·6H
 
2
O
14.18.4Norrishite
KLiMn
2+
2
[(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
4
O
 
10
]
14.18.5Shafranovskite
(Na,K)
 
6
(Mn,Fe)
 
3
Si
 
9
O
 
24
·6H
 
2
O
14.18.6Abswurmbachite
CuMn
3+
6
O
 
8
(SiO
 
4
)
14.18.7Donpeacorite
(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)Mg[SiO
 
3
]
 
2
14.18.8Kanoite
Mn
2+
 
(Mg,Mn
2+
 
)[Si
 
2
O
 
6
]
14.18.9Caryopilite
(Mn,Mg)
 
3
Si
 
2
O
 
5
(OH)
 
4
14.18.10Gonyerite
(Mn,Mg)
 
5
Fe(Si
 
3
Fe)O
 
10
(OH)
 
8
14.18.11 Tirodite
14.18.12Manganhumite
(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
7
[(OH)
 
2
|(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
]
14.18.13Bustamite
(Mn
2+
 
,Ca)[SiO
 
3
]
14.18.14Glaucochroite
CaMn
2+
 
[SiO
 
4
]
14.18.15Truscottite
(Ca,Mn)
 
14
Si
 
24
O
 
58
(OH)
 
8
·2H
 
2
O
14.18.17Ferrobustamite
Ca(Fe
2+
 
,Ca,Mn
2+
 
)[Si
 
2
O
 
6
]
14.18.18Johannsenite
CaMn
2+
 
[Si
 
2
O
 
6
]
14.18.19Neltnerite
CaMn
3+
6
[O
 
8
|SiO
 
4
]
14.18.20Orlymanite
Ca
 
4
Mn
 
3
Si
 
8
O
 
20
(OH)
 
6
·2H
 
2
O
14.18.21Inesite
Ca
 
2
(Mn,Fe)
 
7
Si
 
10
O
 
28
(OH)
 
2
·5H
 
2
O
14.18.22Orientite
Ca
 
2
MnMn
 
2
Si
 
3
O
 
10
(OH)
 
4
14.18.23Ruizite
Ca
 
2
Mn
3+
2
[(OH)
 
2
|H
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
13
] · 2H
 
2
O
14.18.24Bostwickite
CaMn
 
6
Si
 
3
O
 
16
·7H
 
2
O
14.18.25Kittatinnyite
Ca
 
2
Mn
 
2
Mn(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
4
·9H
 
2
O
14.18.26Lithiomarsturite
LiCa
 
2
Mn
 
2
Si
 
5
O
 
14
(OH)
14.18.27Sérandite
Na(Mn
2+
 
,Ca)
 
2
[HSi
 
3
O
 
9
]
14.18.28Kvanefjeldite
Na
 
4
(Ca,Mn)(Si
 
3
O
 
7
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
14.18.29Marsturite
NaCaMn
 
3
Si
 
5
O
 
14
(OH)
14.18.30Raite
(Na,Ca)
 
4
(Mn,Ti,Fe)
 
3
Si
 
8
O
 
16
(OH)
 
12
·5H
 
2
O
14.18.31Richterite
Na[CaNa][Mg
 
5
][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]
14.18.32Byelorussite-(Ce)
Ba
 
2
NaCe
 
2
MnTi
 
2
Si
 
8
O
 
26
(F,OH) · H
 
2
O
14.18.33Deerite
(Fe,Mn)
 
6
(Fe,Al)
 
3
Si
 
6
O
 
20
(OH)
 
5
14.18.34Calderite
(Mn
2+
 
,Ca)
 
3
(Fe
3+
 
,Al)
 
2
[SiO
 
4
]
 
3
14.18.35Pyroxmangite
MnSiO
 
3
14.18.36Dannemorite
14.18.37Neotocite
(Mn,Fe,Mg)SiO
 
3
·H
 
2
O
14.18.38Babingtonite
Ca
 
2
(Fe,Mn)FeSi
 
5
O
 
14
(OH)
14.18.39Manganbabingtonite
Ca
 
2
(Mn,Fe)FeSi
 
5
O
 
14
(OH)
14.18.40Örebroite
Mn
2+
3
(Fe
3+
 
,Sb
5+
 
)[(O,OH)
 
3
|SiO
 
4
]

Other Names for Santaclaraite

Synonyms:
IMA1979-005
German names:
Santaclarait
Russian names:
Сантаклараит
Spanish names:
Santaclaraita

Other Information

Fluorescence in UV light:none
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Santaclaraite

Reference List:Ohashi, Y. and Erd, R.C. (1978) A new pyroxenoid Mn4CaSi5•2H2O: its structure and relationship to rhodonite, nambulite and marsturite. (abstract) Geological Society of America Abstract with Program: 10: 465.

Ohashi, Y. and Finger, L.W. (1981) The crystal structure of santaclaraite, CaMn4[Si5O14(OH)](OH)·H2O: the role of hydrogen atoms in the pyroxenoid structure. American Mineralogist (1981): 66: 154-168.

Erd, R.C., & Y. Ohashi (1981), Santaclaraite, a new manganese silicate from California: American Mineralogist: 69: 200-206.

Internet Links for Santaclaraite

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  • Santaclaraite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    Localities for Santaclaraite

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    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    USA
     
    • California
      • Santa Clara Co.
        • San Antonio Valley
    		Amer.Min.(1981) 66, 154-168
      • Stanislaus Co.
        • Lone Tree Creek
    		Am Min 69:200-206
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