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Pyrobitumen

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Diabase quarry, Tegau, Schleiz, Thuringia, Germany
© jo-esche 2008

System:AmorphousColour:black


A widespread hydrocarbon mineraloid of variable composition. Differs from asphalt by being brittle, infusible and relatively insoluble. Formed by polymerization of petroleum over geological time periods, therefore being related to petroleum the same way that amber is related to tree resin. May be relatively enriched in N, S, and sometimes rare elements like U, V, Pt, etc.

Classification of Pyrobitumen

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Occurrences of Pyrobitumen

Geological Setting:Ancient sedimentary rocks, and remobilized in hydrothermal ore deposits. Also frequent as inclusions in quartz crystals, especially those of the "herkimer-type" from dolomitized rocks.

Physical Properties of Pyrobitumen

Colour:black

Crystallography of Pyrobitumen

Crystal System:Amorphous

Relationship of Pyrobitumen to other Species

Common Associates:
QuartzPyriteDolomiteCalcite

Other Names for Pyrobitumen

Synonyms:
Anthraxolite
Other Languages:
Varieties:
Thucholite

Other Information

Health Warning:Some varieties contain uranium and so require the same precautions as any other mildly radioactive materials.

References for Pyrobitumen

Reference List:Robertson, J.A. (1976) The Blind River Uranium Deposits: the ores and their setting. (Ontario Division of Mines, Miscellaneous paper 65)

John Parnell (1988) Native platinum in pyrobitumen from Fonda, New York American Mineralogist, 73, 1170-1171.

Wilson, N.S.F. & Zentilli, M. (2006) International Journal of Coal Geology, 65, 158-169

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    Localities for Pyrobitumen

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • South Australia
      • Yorke Peninsula
        • Moonta
    		[var: Thucholite]
    Austria
     
    • Salzburg
      • St Johann im Pongau
        • Mühlbach am Hochkönig
          • Mitterberg District
    		[var: Thucholite] R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993)
    Belgium
     
    • Liège Province
      • Verviers
        • Theux
    		L. Dejonghe et al - Atlas des gisements plombo-zinciferes du synclinorium de Verviers - 1993 - 483 pages.
    Bolivia
     
    • Santa Cruz Department
      • Chiquitos Province
    		Alfredo Petrov and Josep Sanchez-Lafuente specimens
    Canada
     
    • New Brunswick
      • York Co.
        • Lake George
    		[var: Thucholite]
    • Ontario
      • Algoma District
        • Blind River-Elliot Lake uranium district
          • Algoma Mills
    		[var: Thucholite] Robertson, J.A. (1976) The Blind River Uranium Deposits: the ores and their setting. (Ontario Division of Mines, Miscellaneous paper 65)
    [var: Thucholite] Robertson, J.A. (1976) The Blind River Uranium Deposits: the ores and their setting. (Ontario Division of Mines, Miscellaneous paper 65)
    [var: Thucholite] Robertson, J.A. (1976) The Blind River Uranium Deposits: the ores and their setting. (Ontario Division of Mines, Miscellaneous paper 65)
    [var: Thucholite] Robertson, J.A. (1976) The Blind River Uranium Deposits: the ores and their setting. (Ontario Division of Mines, Miscellaneous paper 65)
      • Hastings Co.
        • Madoc Township
          • Eldorado
    		[var: Thucholite]
    [var: Thucholite] [Clark, 1993 - "Hey's Mineral Index"]
    [var: Thucholite] Januzzi, R.E. and Seaman, David M. (1976) Mineral Localities Of Connecticut and Southern New York State and Pegmatite Minerals of the World.
          • Blackstone Lake
    		[var: Thucholite] Ref.: Geological Survey of Canada Miscellaneous Report 39.
        • Henvey Township
    		[var: Thucholite] Geological survey of canada misc report 39; Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
      • Sudbury District
        • Balfour Township
    		Mineralogical Research Company specimen
    • Québec
      • Laurentides
        • Deux-Montagnes RCM
          • Saint-Eustache
    		Alfredo Petrov collection
    Chile
     
    • Atacama Region
      • Copiapó Province
        • Copiapó
    		Cisternas, M.E., and Hermosilla, J. (2006): Mineralium Deposita 41, 339-355.
    Cisternas, M.E., and Hermosilla, J. (2006): Mineralium Deposita 41, 339-355.
    Cisternas, M.E., and Hermosilla, J. (2006): Mineralium Deposita 41, 339-355.
    Cisternas, M.E., and Hermosilla, J. (2006): Mineralium Deposita 41, 339-355.
    • Coquimbo Region
      • Elqui Province
        • La Serena
          • Talcuna Cu-Mn-Ag Mining District
    		Wilson, N.S.F. & Zentilli, M. (2006) International Journal of Coal Geology, 65, 158-169.
        • Vicuña
          • Quebrada Uchumi
    		Wilson, N.S.F. & Zentilli, M. (2006) International Journal of Coal Geology, 65, 158-169.
    China
     
    • Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region
      • Hechi Prefecture
        • Nandan Co.
          • Dachang Sn-polymetallic ore field
    		Pašava, J., Kříbek, B., Dobeš, P., Vavřín, I., Žák, K., Fan Delian, Zhang Tao, and Boiron, M.-C. (2003): Mineralium Deposita 38(1), 39-66.
    • Yunnan Province
      • Qujing Prefecture
        • Huize Co.
    		Zhu Bingquan, Hu Yaoguo, Zhang Zhengwei, Cui Xuejun, Dai Tongmo, Chen Guanghao, Peng Jianhua, Sun Yongge, Liu Dehan, and Chang Xiangyang (2007): Ore Geology Reviews 32, 366-380.
      • Zhaotong Prefecture
        • Ludian Co.
    		Zhu Bingquan, Hu Yaoguo, Zhang Zhengwei, Cui Xuejun, Dai Tongmo, Chen Guanghao, Peng Jianhua, Sun Yongge, Liu Dehan, and Chang Xiangyang (2007): Ore Geology Reviews 32, 366-380.
        • Yongshan Co.
    		Zhu Bingquan, Hu Yaoguo, Zhang Zhengwei, Cui Xuejun, Dai Tongmo, Chen Guanghao, Peng Jianhua, Sun Yongge, Liu Dehan, and Chang Xiangyang (2007): Ore Geology Reviews 32, 366-380.
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Central Bohemia Region
    		Geol. Pruz. (Prague) 20, 275-276 (1978)
    Democratic Republic of Congo (Zaïre)
     
    • Katanga (Shaba)
      • Lake Mweru
    		Haest, M., Muchez, P., Dewaele, S., Boyce, A.J., von Quadt, A., and Schneider, J. (2009): Mineralium Deposita 44, 505-522.
    El Desouky, H. A. et al. (2008): Econ. Geol. 103, 555-582.
    El Desouky, H.A., Muchez, P., and Tyler, R. (2008): Ore Geology Reviews 34, 561-579.
    Finland
     
    • Lapin (Lapland) Lääni
      • Kittilä
    		[var: Thucholite] http://www.gsf.fi/explor/zinc/pahtavuoma.htm
    [var: Thucholite]
    Germany
     
    • Lower Saxony
      • Harz Mts
        • St Andreasberg District
          • St Andreasberg
    		[var: Thucholite] Mücke, A., (1993): Die hydrothermale polymineralische Gangvererzung mit oxidischen Vanadiummineralien, Tucholith und Pechblende von der Grube Roter Bär, St. Andreasberg/Harz, Der Aufschluss, Vol. 44, 59-72
    • Thuringia
      • Schleiz
        • Tegau
    		In the collection of Joachim Esche
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Taymyrskiy Autonomous Okrug
        • Taimyr Peninsula
          • Putoran Plateau
    		Spiridonov, E.M., Gritsenko, Y.D., and Ponomarenko, A.I. (2008): Geology of Ore Deposits 50(8), 755-762.
      • Transbaikalia (Zabaykalye)
        • Chitinskaya Oblast'
          • Krasnokamensk
            • Strel'tsovskoe Mo-U ore field
    		[var: Thucholite] Pavel M. Kartashov data
    Slovakia
     
    • Prešov Region
      • Eastern Low Tatra Mts
    		[var: Thucholite] Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590k
    South Africa
     
    • Gauteng Province
      • Witwatersrand field
        • Far West Rand (West Wits Line)
          • Western Sector
    		[var: Thucholite] C. Lemanski collection (8055CL).
    • Northwest Province
      • Kuruman District
    		Gutzmer, J. (2006): Mineralium Deposita 40, 664-685.
    Sweden
     
    • Västerbotten
      • Boliden
    		[var: Thucholite] No reference listed
    USA
     
    • Alaska
      • Northwest Arctic Borough
        • Brooks Range
          • Cosmos Hills
    		Runnells, D.D. (1965) Journal of Sedimentary Research, 33, #3, 599-603.
    • Colorado
      • Clear Creek Co.
        • Idaho Springs District
    		[var: Thucholite] USGS OFR 66-87(Moench,1966)
      • San Miguel Co.
        • Placerville District
    		[var: Thucholite] Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    • New York
      • Fulton Co.
        • Lassellsville
    		George Robinson & Steven Chamberlain (2007) Gazetteer of major New York State mineral localities. Rocks & Minerals, 82, #6, 472-483.
      • Herkimer Co.
        • Little Falls
    		George Robinson & Steven Chamberlain (2007) Gazetteer of major New York State mineral localities. Rocks & Minerals, 82, #6, 472-483.
        • Town of Newport
          • Middleville
    		George Robinson & Steven Chamberlain (2007) Gazetteer of major New York State mineral localities. Rocks & Minerals, 82, #6, 472-483.
    George Robinson & Steven Chamberlain (2007) Gazetteer of major New York State mineral localities. Rocks & Minerals, 82, #6, 472-483.
    George Robinson & Steven Chamberlain (2007) Gazetteer of major New York State mineral localities. Rocks & Minerals, 82, #6, 472-483.
      • Montgomery Co.
        • Mohawk Township
    		John Parnell (1988) Native platinum in pyrobitumen from Fonda, New York American Mineralogist, 73, 1170-1171.
    George Robinson & Steven Chamberlain (2007) Gazetteer of major New York State mineral localities. Rocks & Minerals, 82, #6, 472-483.
    George Robinson & Steven Chamberlain (2007) Gazetteer of major New York State mineral localities. Rocks & Minerals, 82, #6, 472-483.
        • St Johnsville
    		George Robinson & Steven Chamberlain (2007) Gazetteer of major New York State mineral localities. Rocks & Minerals, 82, #6, 472-483.
      • St Lawrence Co.
    		[var: Thucholite] NY State Museum spec. no. 16135
    Mineral and/or Locality
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