Mindat Logo
Home Page Log In Message Board The Mindat Directory
Register Search Pages Chat Now! (6 online) Mindat Auctions

Sepiolite

Big Photo

Quincy-sur-Cher, Bourges, Cher, Centre, France
© 2005 M. Kampf

Show Sepiolite Photos (4)
Formula:
Mg
 
4
Si
 
6
O
 
15
(OH)
 
2
·6H
 
2
O
System:OrthorhombicColour:White, light gray or ...
Hardness:2
Name:Named from the Greek, "sepion," cuttle-fish bone, because of its low density and porous, bone like appearance.


Sepiolite Group.
The Mg analogue of Falcondoite.

Classification of Sepiolite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:8/H.33-40
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:9.EE.25

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
E : Phyllosilicates
E : Single tetrahedral nets of 6-membered rings connected by octahedral nets or octahedral bands
Dana 8th edition ID:74.3.1b.1

74 : PHYLLOSILICATES Modulated Layers
3 : Modulated Layers with joined strips
Hey's CIM Ref.:14.4.11

14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
4 : Silicates of Mg
mindat.org URL:http://www.mindat.org/min-3621.html
Please feel free to link to this page.

Type Occurrence of Sepiolite

Type Locality:Bettolino, Baldissero Canavese, Canavese District, Torino Province, Piedmont, Italy
Year of Discovery:1847

Physical Properties of Sepiolite

Lustre:Dull, Earthy
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Opaque
Colour:White, light gray or light yellow.
Hardness (Mohs):2

Crystallography of Sepiolite

Crystal System:Orthorhombic
Cell Parameters:a = 5.21Å, b = 26.73Å, c = 13.5Å
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.195 : 1 : 0.505
Unit Cell Volume:V 1,880.05 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Optical Data of Sepiolite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.520 nβ = 1.520 nγ = 1.530
2V:Measured: 20° to 70°, Calculated: 18°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.010

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Low
Dispersion:none

Chemical Properties of Sepiolite

Formula:
Mg
 
4
Si
 
6
O
 
15
(OH)
 
2
·6H
 
2
O
Essential elements:H, Mg, O, Si
All elements listed in formula:H, Mg, O, Si
Common Impurities:Al,Ca,Fe,Ni

Relationship of Sepiolite to other Species

Related to:
  • Sepiolite Group
    • Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):
    9.EE.05Bementite
    Mn
     
    5
    		Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    6
    9.EE.10Brokenhillite
    9.EE.10Pyrosmalite-(Fe)
    (Fe,Mn)
     
    8
    		Si
     
    6
    		O
     
    15
    		(OH,Cl)
     
    10
    9.EE.10Friedelite
    (Mn,Fe)
     
    8
    		Si
     
    6
    		O
     
    15
    		(OH,Cl)
     
    10
    9.EE.10Pyrosmalite-(Mn)
    (Mn,Fe)
     
    8
    		Si
     
    6
    		O
     
    15
    		(OH,Cl)
     
    10
    9.EE.10Mcgillite
    (Mn,Fe)
     
    8
    		Si
     
    6
    		O
     
    15
    		(OH)
     
    8
    		Cl
     
    2
    9.EE.15Nelenite
    (Mn,Fe)
     
    16
    		Si
     
    12
    		As
     
    3
    		O
     
    36
    		(OH)
     
    17
    9.EE.15Schallerite
    (Mn,Fe)
     
    16
    		Si
     
    12
    		As
     
    3
    		O
     
    36
    		(OH)
     
    17
    9.EE.20Palygorskite
    (Mg,Al)
     
    5
    		(Si,Al)
     
    8
    		O
     
    20
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		·8H
     
    2
    		O
    9.EE.20Tuperssuatsiaite
    Na
     
    2
    		Fe
     
    3
    		Si
     
    8
    		O
     
    20
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		·4H
     
    2
    		O
    9.EE.20Yofortierite
    Mn
     
    5
    		Si
     
    8
    		O
     
    20
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		·8-9H
     
    2
    		O
    9.EE.25Falcondoite
    (Ni,Mg)
     
    4
    		Si
     
    6
    		O
     
    15
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		·6H
     
    2
    		O
    9.EE.25Loughlinite
    Na
     
    2
    		Mg
     
    3
    		Si
     
    6
    		O
     
    16
    		·8H
     
    2
    		O
    9.EE.25Kalifersite
    (K,Na)
     
    5
    		Fe
    3+
    7
    		Si
     
    20
    		O
     
    50
    		(OH)
     
    6
    		·12H
     
    2
    		O
    9.EE.30Gyrolite
    Ca
     
    4
    		(Si
     
    6
    		O
     
    15
    		)(OH)
     
    2
    		·3H
     
    2
    		O
    9.EE.30Orlymanite
    Ca
     
    4
    		Mn
     
    3
    		Si
     
    8
    		O
     
    20
    		(OH)
     
    6
    		·2H
     
    2
    		O
    9.EE.30Tungusite
    Ca
     
    4
    		Fe
     
    2
    		Si
     
    6
    		O
     
    15
    		(OH)
     
    6
    9.EE.35Fedorite
    KNa
     
    4
    		Ca
     
    4
    		[HSi
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		]
     
    4
    		 · 6H
     
    2
    		O
    9.EE.35Minehillite
    (K,Na)
     
    2-3
    		Ca
     
    28
    		Zn
     
    4
    		Al
     
    4
    		Si
     
    40
    		O
     
    112
    		(OH)
     
    16
    9.EE.35Reyerite
    (Na,K)
     
    2
    		Ca
     
    14
    		(Si,Al)
     
    24
    		O
     
    58
    		(OH)
     
    8
    		·6H
     
    2
    		O
    9.EE.35Truscottite
    (Ca,Mn)
     
    14
    		Si
     
    24
    		O
     
    58
    		(OH)
     
    8
    		·2H
     
    2
    		O
    9.EE.35Martinite
    (Na,Ca)
     
    11
    		Ca
     
    4
    		(Si,S,B)
     
    14
    		B
     
    2
    		O
     
    40
    		F
     
    2
    		·4H
     
    2
    		O
    9.EE.35Lalondeite
    (Na,Ca)
     
    6
    		(Ca,Na)
     
    3
    		Si
     
    16
    		O
     
    38
    		(F,OH)
     
    2
    		·3H
     
    2
    		O
    9.EE.40Natrosilite
    Na
     
    2
    		Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    5
    9.EE.45Makatite
    Na
     
    2
    		Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    8
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		·4H
     
    2
    		O
    9.EE.50Varennesite
    Na
     
    8
    		Mn
     
    2
    		Si
     
    10
    		O
     
    25
    		(OH,Cl)
     
    2
    		·12H
     
    2
    		O
    9.EE.55Raite
    (Na,Ca)
     
    4
    		(Mn,Ti,Fe)
     
    3
    		Si
     
    8
    		O
     
    16
    		(OH)
     
    12
    		·5H
     
    2
    		O
    9.EE.60Intersilite
    Na
     
    6
    		Mn
    2+
     
    		Ti[Si
     
    10
    		O
     
    24
    		(OH)](OH)
     
    3
    		·4H
     
    2
    		O
    9.EE.65Shafranovskite
    (Na,K)
     
    6
    		(Mn,Fe)
     
    3
    		Si
     
    9
    		O
     
    24
    		·6H
     
    2
    		O
    9.EE.65Zakharovite
    Na
     
    4
    		Mn
     
    5
    		Si
     
    10
    		O
     
    24
    		(OH)
     
    6
    		·6H
     
    2
    		O
    9.EE.70Zeophyllite
    Ca
     
    4
    		Si
     
    3
    		O
     
    8
    		(OH,F)
     
    4
    		·2H
     
    2
    		O
    Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:
    14.4.1Forsterite
    Mg
     
    2
    		[SiO
     
    4
    		]
    14.4.2Enstatite
    Mg
     
    2
    		[SiO
     
    3
    		]
     
    2
    14.4.3Clinoenstatite
    Mg
     
    2
    		[Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    6
    		]
    14.4.4Chrysotile
    Mg
     
    3
    		Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    5
    		(OH)
     
    4
    14.4.5Clinochrysotile
    14.4.6Orthochrysotile
    14.4.7Parachrysotile
    14.4.8Lizardite
    Mg
     
    3
    		[(OH)
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    5
    		]
    14.4.9Talc
    Mg
     
    3
    		Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    2
    14.4.10Spadaite
    MgSiO
     
    2
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		·H
     
    2
    		O
    14.4.12Loughlinite
    Na
     
    2
    		Mg
     
    3
    		Si
     
    6
    		O
     
    16
    		·8H
     
    2
    		O
    14.4.13Eifelite
    KNa
     
    3
    		Mg
     
    4
    		Si
     
    12
    		O
     
    30
    14.4.14Stevensite
    (Ca,Na)
     
    x
    		Mg
     
    3
    		Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    10
    		(OH)
     
    2
    14.4.15Antigorite
    (Mg,Fe
    2+
     
    		)
     
    3
    		[(OH)
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    5
    		]
    14.4.16 Magnesio-anthophyllite

    Other Names for Sepiolite

    Synonyms:
    Parasepiolite
    French names:
    Ecume de merL'écume de mer
    German names:
    MeerschaumSepiolitSepiolith
    Russian names:
    Сепиолит
    Spanish names:
    Sepiolita
    Varieties:
    Aluminium-sepioliteGunnbjarnite

    Other Information

    Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

    References for Sepiolite

    Reference List:Glocker, E.F. (1847): Generum et specierum mineralium secundum ordines naturales digestorium synopsis. Halle, 348 pp.

    Clays and Clay Minerals (1976): 43.

    Internet Links for Sepiolite

    Search Engines:
  • Look for Sepiolite on Google
  • Look for Sepiolite images on Google
    • External Links:
  • Look for Sepiolite on Webmineral
  • Look for Sepiolite on Athena Mineralogy
  • Look for Sepiolite on Wikipedia
  • Look for Sepiolite on Mineralien Atlas
  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Search for Sepiolite in the Natural History Museum (London) online catalogue
  • Sepiolite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
    • Mineral Dealers:
  • Buy fine minerals and gemstones from Pala International
  • Buy Minerals and Crystals from Crystalarium.com
  • Find Sepiolite on www.crystalclassics.co.uk
  • The Arkenstone - Fine Minerals
  • e-Rocks - Mineral Auctions and Sales
  • Search for Sepiolite on minvision.com
  • rare and unusual minerals mainly crystallized
  • Top quality minerals from Kristalle of California
  • Fine Minerals from Dan Weinrich Minerals
  • Wendel Minerals - Auktion & Shop
  • Search for Sepiolite at Thames Valley Minerals
  • Wilensky Fine Minerals
    • Jobs:
  • Mining & Geology Jobs

    • Page Sponsor

    Sponsorship:This page is currently not sponsored. Click here to find out how you can sponsor this page.

    Localities for Sepiolite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    These maps work faster with Firefox!
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • New South Wales
      • Wentworth Co.
        • Wentworth
          • Nampoo Station
    • Queensland
    		Updated list originally distributed by University of Queensland
    part of list University of Queensland
    No reference listed
    • South Australia
      • Eyre peninsula
        • Middleback Range
          • Iron Knob
    		www.crocoite.com (Steve Sorrell) and refs therein
    • Tasmania
      • King Island
        • Grassy
    Austria
     
    • Carinthia
      • Friesach - Hüttenberg area
        • Hüttenberg
    		G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995
    • Lower Austria
      • Dunkelstein forest
        • Aggsbach Dorf
    		R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993)
      • Waldviertel
        • Neupölla
          • Altpölla
    		R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993)
          • St Marein
    		R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993)
    • Salzburg
      • Hohe Tauern Mts
        • Stubach valley
    		A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989)
    • Styria
      • Bruck an der Mur
        • Laming valley
          • Oberdorf an der Laming
    		R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993)
      • Fischbacher Alpen Mts
        • St. Jakob-Breitenau
          • Hochlantsch Mt.
    		R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993)
      • Leoben
        • Kraubath
    		R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993)
    R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993)
      • Niedere Tauern Mts
        • Hohentauern
          • Sunk
    		Aufschluss 1972(SB), 21-26
    Canada
     
    • Ontario
      • Haliburton Co.
        • Monmouth Township
    		geological survey of canada misc report 39; geological survey of canada economic geology report 29
          • Wilberforce
    		Sabina, A. P. (1982): Some rare minerals of the Bancroft area. Mineralogical Record 13, 223-228
    • Québec
      • Rouville Co.
        • Mont Saint-Hilaire
    		Horváth, L and Gault, R.A. (1990), The mineralogy of Mont Saint-Hilaire Quebec. Mineralogical Record: 21: 284-359.
    China
     
    Takabumi, S., Hirohiko, M., Atsushi, Y., and Mayumi, J. (2006): Nendo Kagaku 45(3), 188-199.
    • Jiangxi Province
      • Jingdezhen Prefecture
        • Leping Co.
    		Sakamoto, S., Ando, T., and Otsuka, R. (1988): Nendo Kagaku 28(3), 134-142.
    • Sichuan Province
      • Ya'an Prefecture
        • Shimian Co.
    		Industrial Minerals and Processing 33(12), 8-11 (2003).
    Colombia
     
    • Córdoba Department
      • Montelíbano
    		Econ Geol (2004) 99:1197-1213
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Central Bohemia Region
        • Zruč nad Sázavou (Srutsch an der Sasau)
    		Pauliš, P.: Sametka z Vlastějovic u Zruče nad Sázavou. Minerál, 2002, roč. 10, č. 1, s. 7 – 8.
    • Moravia (Mähren; Maehren)
      • Vysočina Region
    		Houzar, S., Novák, M., Doležalová, H., Hrazdil, V., Pfeiferová, A.: Přehled mineralogie, petrografie a geologie nedvědických mramorů, svratecké krystalinikum. Acta Musei Moraviae, Sci. geol., 2006, roč. 91, s. 3-77.
    Dominican Republic
     
    • Monseñor Nouel Province
      • Bonao
    France
     
    • Auvergne
      • Haute-Loire
        • Brioude - Massiac area
          • Brioude
            • Vieille-Brioude
    • Centre
      • Cher
        • Bourges
    		The Quincyte pigments: fossil quinones in an Eocene clay mineral. W.G. Prowse, K.I. Arnot, J.A. Rechka, R.H. Thomson and J.R. Maxwell. Tetrahedron 47, 1991, 1095-1108. K.I.
    • Champagne-Ardenne
      • Marne
        • Champigny
    		"Les minéraux, leurs gisements, leurs associations", P. Bariand, F. Cesbron et J. Geffroy (1977), Editions Minéraux et Fossiles, BRGM
    • Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
      • Alpes-Maritimes
    		"Les minéralisations associées au volcanisme andésitique de Biot-Villeneuve Loubet (Alpes Maritimes)" P. ROSTAN ,2005
    • Rhône-Alpes
      • Rhône
        • Tarare
          • Le Breuil
    		G. Demarcq, 1973, "Guides Géologiques Régionaux : Lyonnais, Vallée du Rhône" , p. 49, Masson.
    Germany
     
    • Bavaria
      • Franconia
        • Münchberg Metamorphic complex
          • Kupferberg
    		F. Müller: "Bayerns steinreiche Ecke", 2nd ed., Oberfränkische Verlagsanstalt (Hof), 1984
          • Oberkotzau
            • Wurlitz
    		F. Müller: "Bayerns steinreiche Ecke", 2nd ed., Oberfränkische Verlagsanstalt (Hof), 1984
          • Zell
    		F. Müller: "Bayerns steinreiche Ecke", 2nd ed., Oberfränkische Verlagsanstalt (Hof), 1984
    • Saxony
      • Erzgebirge
    		Lapis 30(7/8):78-80 (2005)
    Greece
     
    • Aegean Islands (Aiyaíon) Department
      • Kykládes Prefecture
        • Cyclade Islands (Cyclades; Kikladhes; Nomos Kikladhon)
    		No reference listed
    Greenland
    [var: Gunnbjarnite] No reference listed
    [var: Gunnbjarnite] No reference listed
    • Kitaa (West Greenland) Province
      • Narsaq
    		No reference listed
    Hungary
     
    • Pest Co.
      • Börzsöny Mts.
        • Nagybörzsöny
    		Szakáll & Jánosi: Minerals of Hungary, 1995
    • Veszprém Co.
      • Bakony Mts.
        • Úrkút
          • Csárda Hill
    		Szakáll & Jánosi (1996) The Minerals of Hungary
    Israel
     
    Gross, S. (1977): The Mineralogy of the Hatrurim Formation, Israel. Geological Survey of Israel, Bulletin no. 70, 80 pp.
    Italy
     
    • Piedmont
      • Torino Province
        • Canavese District
          • Baldissero Canavese
    		Glocker, E.F. (1847): Generum et specierum mineralium secundum ordines naturales digestorium synopsis. Halle, 348 pp.;
          • Léssolo
            • Cálea
    		http://www.webmineralshop.com/articoli/brosso_eng.htm
        • Germanasca valley
          • Prali
    		G.C. Piccoli, G. Maletto, P. Bosio, B. Lombardo. I minerali del Piemonte e della Vall d'Aosta. Ass. Amici del museo "F. Eusebio", Alba, 2007.
    • Trentino-Alto Adige
      • Bolzano Province (South Tyrol)
        • Passiria Valley (Passeier Valley)
    		Exel, R. (1987): Guida mineralogica del Trentino e del Sudtirolo. Athesia, Bolzano, 204 pp.
    • Tuscany
      • Pisa Province
        • Pomarance
    		Orlandi P., (2005). "Geositi minerari e mineralogici della provincia di Pisa" in La geologia della provincia di Pisa. Cartografia, geositi e banche dati, pp. 55-280, Provincia di Pisa, 2005
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Tohoku Region
        • Fukushima Prefecture
          • Iwaki-gun
    		Dr. Matsuo Nambu ore collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
    • Kyushu Island
      • Fukuoka prefecture
    		Masutomi Museum specimen (Kyoto)
    Madagascar
     
    • Tuléar (Toliara) Province
      • Southwestern Region
        • Bekily Department
          • Beraketa Commune
    		Lacroix, A. (1941): Les gisements de phlogopite de Madagascar et les pyroxenites qui les renferment. Texte (Extrait du fasicule XI des Annuales Géologiques du Service des Mines). Tananarive. p.95
    Behier, J. (1963): Carte mineralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Gélogique Madagascar. A 1871
    Malaysia
     
    • Perak
      • Kinta District
        • Pulai
    Mexico
     
    • Durango
      • Mun. de Durango
        • Victoria de Durango
    		No reference listed
    • Zacatecas
      • Mun. de Concepción del Oro
        • Bonanza
    		Panczner (1987): 338.
    Morocco
     
    • Souss-Massa-Draâ Region
      • Ouarzazate Province
        • Tazenakht
    		S. Weiß: Lapis 31(7/8), 72-73 (2006)
    Norway
     
    • Akershus
      • Nittedal
    • Aust-Agder
      • Risør
    • Buskerud
    		Mineralogical Record: 17: 19-35.
    Van der Wel, D. (1972): Contribution to the Mineralogy of Norway No. 51. Asbestos minerals from Kongsberg silver deposit. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 52: 287-294
    Poland
     
    • Lower Silesia (Dolnośląskie)
      • Gogołów-Jordanów Massif
    		JANECZEK J., KOZŁOWSKI K., ŻABA J. 1991. ZBIERAMY MINERAŁY I SKAŁY.
      • Rudawy Janowickie Mts
        • Czarnów
          • Rędziny
    		Domańska, J.: Rędziny. Otoczak, nr. 29, p. 38-52.
    • Małopolskie
      • Kraków
        • Dębnik-Dubie area
    		Lewandowska A., Rospondek M. 2002: Thaumasite - a rare mineral containing Si(OH)6 2- groups from Dubie (the Dębnik anticline, S Poland). Mineralogia Polonica, vol. 33, no 1, 25-34
    Eligiusz Szełęg private collection
    Eligiusz Szełęg collection
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Saha Republic (Sakha Republic; Yakutia)
    		[World of Stones 12:49]
    • Far-Eastern Region
      • Primorskiy Kray
        • Dal'negorsk (Dalnegorsk)
    		Min Rec vol 32, pp 7-30 (2001)
    • Northern Region
      • Murmanskaja Oblast'
        • Kola Peninsula
    		www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/lovo.htm
    Slovakia
     
    • Banská Bystrica Region
      • Western Slovenské Rudohorie Mts
        • Hnúšťa
    		Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590
    Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590
        • Klenovec
    		Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590
    • Prešov Region
      • Northern Slanské Mts
    		Ďuďa,R., et al., 1981: Mineralógia severnej časti Slanských vrchov. Min.Slovaca, Monografia 2, 98s
    Spain
     
    • Castile and Leon
      • Palencia
    		Stvdia Geologica Salmanticensia, 26: 7-25
    Sweden
     
    • Värmland
      • Filipstad
    		Nysten, P., Holtstam, D. and Jonsson, E. (1999) The Långban minerals. In Långban - The mines,their minerals, geology and explorers (D. Holtstam and J. Langhof, eds.), Swedish Museum of Natural History and Raster Förlag, Stockholm & Chr. Weise Verlag, Munich, pp. 89-183. ; K:Gatedal
        • Nordmark
    		No reference listed
    Turkey
     
    • Central Anatolia Region
      • Eskisehir Province
    		CanMin 40:1091-1102
      • Konya Province
        • Great Konya Basin
    UK
     
    • England
      • Cornwall
        • Lizard Peninsula
          • St Keverne
    		No reference listed
      • Worcestershire
    		BMS Database
    • Scotland
      • Shetland Islands
        • Unst
    		Livingstone, 2002, p. 182
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Cochise Co.
        • Mule Mts
          • Warren District
    		No reference listed
      • Gila Co.
        • Dripping Spring Mts
          • Banner District
            • Christmas area
              • Christmas
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 358.
      • Greenlee Co.
        • Shannon Mts
          • Clifton-Morenci District
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 366.
      • Maricopa Co.
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 366.
      • Pima Co.
        • Sierrita Mts
          • Pima District (Olive District; Mineral Hill District; Twin Buttes District)
            • San Xavier
              • Mission complex
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 366.
    AmMin 27:512
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 366; Kauffman, Jr., A.J. (1943), Fibrous sepiolite from Yavapai Co., AZ, Am.Min.: 28: 512-520; Galbraith, F.W. & D.J. Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 107.
    • California
      • Riverside Co.
        • Crestmore
          • Crestmore quarries
            • Sky Blue Hill
    		AmMin 26:352-381
      • San Benito Co.
        • New Idria District
    		Mineralogical Record: 36(4): 337-363.
      • San Bernardino Co.
        • Amboy
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • Santa Cruz Co.
        • Santa Cruz
    		Mineralogical Record: 17:315
    • Colorado
      • Montrose Co.
        • Uravan District
          • Paradox Valley
    		Dana 7:I:602.
    • Georgia
      • Thomas Co.
    		Minerals of Georgia: Their properties and occurrences. Robert Cook GGWRD Bull 92
    Minerals of Georgia: Their properties and occurrences. Robert Cook GGWRD Bull 92
    Minerals of Georgia: Their properties and occurrences. Robert Cook GGWRD Bull 92
    • Idaho
      • Lemhi Co.
    		Ream, Lanny R. 2004. Idaho Minerals, 2nd edition, Revised and Updated
    • Missouri
      • Washington Co.
        • Meramec State Park
    		R&M 73:2 pp 98-117
    • Montana
      • Silver Bow Co.
        • Butte District
          • Butte
    		The Mineralogy of The Butte District, Montana; Guilbert and Zeihen 1964
    • Nevada
      • Clark Co.
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
        • McClanahan District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
      • Elko Co.
        • Ferber District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
      • Lincoln Co.
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
      • Nye Co.
    		Rocks & Minerals, Nov. 1999.
    NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    • New Jersey
      • Somerset Co.
        • Bernards Township
    		Maertens, J. (2007) Collecting Minerals at Tilcon's Millington Quarry. The Tilcon Times, Summer:10.
      • Sussex Co.
        • Franklin Mining District
          • Franklin
    		Germine, M.: Environmental Research:42:386-389 (1987); Dunn(1995):Pt4:504.
    • New Mexico
      • Grant Co.
    		Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
          • Bear Creek Area
    		Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
        • Meerschaum District
    		USGS Bull 1451
    USGS Bull 1451
    USGS Bull 1451
      • McKinley Co.
        • Red Lake volcanic field
    		Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
    • New York
      • St Lawrence Co.
        • Balmat-Edwards Zinc District
    		NY State Museum spec. no. 13870
        • Talcville
    		Rocks & Min. V.71, No.3
    A Listing of North Carolina Minerals- Leonard S. Wiener and Sigrid Ballew-1995
      • Jackson Co.
        • Webster- Balsam
    		Dana,E.S,1892,A System of Mineralogy,6th edition,pg 681
    • Oregon
      • Douglas Co.
        • Riddle District
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    • Pennsylvania
      • Chester Co.
        • West Nottingham Township
    		Mineralogy of Pennsylvania - 1922; Samuel S. Gordon, pg. 181
    www.libraries.psu.edu/emsl/guides/X/delaware.htm.
    • Rhode Island
      • Providence Co.
    		Miller, 1971. RI Minerals & Their Locations
    • Utah
      • Duchesne Co.
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
      • Salt Lake Co.
        • Wasatch Mts
          • Big Cottonwood District
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah; U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
      • San Juan Co.
        • White Canyon District
          • White Canyon
            • Copper Point
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
      • Tooele Co.
        • Deep Creek Mts
          • Gold Hill District (Clifton District)
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
        • Oquirrh Mts
          • Rush Valley District (Stockton District)
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
    • Vermont
    		Rocks & Min. vol. 71, (1996)
    • Washington
      • Skagit Co.
        • Mount Vernon
    		Rocks & Min.: 14:112-113.
      • Whatcom Co.
    		Minerals of Washington, Bart Cannon, 1975
    Venezuela
     
    • Miranda
    		Urbani, 1997. Bol. Soc. Venezolana de Espeleología, no.30.
    Mineral and/or Locality
    Google
     
    www.mindat.org Web
    Copyright © Jolyon & Ida Ralph 1993-2008. Site Map. Locality, mineral & photograph data are the copyright of the individuals who submitted them.Further information contact the Site hosted & developed by Jolyon Ralph. Mindat.org is an online information resource dedicated to providing free mineralogical information to all. Mindat relies on the contributions of hundreds of members and supporters. If you would like to add information to improve the quality of our database, then click here to register.