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Sérandite

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Big Photo

Poudrette quarry (Demix quarry; Uni-Mix quarry; Desourdy quarry; Carrière Mont Saint-Hilaire), Mont Saint-Hilaire, Rouville RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada
© Rob Lavinsky

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Formula:
Na(Mn
2+
 
,Ca)
 
2
(HSi
 
3
O
 
9
)
System:TriclinicColour:Pale pink, salmon-red, ...
Hardness:5 - 5½
Member of:Wollastonite Group
Name:Named after J.M. Sérand, mineral collector of west Africa, who assisted collecting the mineral.


Pectolite-Sérandite Series. The manganese analogue of pectolite and the sodium analogue of tanohataite.

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Classification of Sérandite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:8/F.18-80
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:9.DG.05

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
D : Inosilicates
G : Inosilicates with 3-periodic single and multiple chains
Dana 8th edition ID:65.2.1.5

65 : INOSILICATES Single-Width,Unbranched Chains,(W=1)
2 : Single-Width Unbranched Chains, W=1 with chains P=3
Hey's CIM Ref.:14.18.27

14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
18 : Silicates of Mn and Na, K, Mg, Ca or Fe
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Type Occurrence of Sérandite

Type Locality:Rouma Island (Roume Island; Roma Island; Ruma Island), Los Archipelago (Los Islands), Guinea
Place of Conservation of Type Material:Smithsonian, Washington DC 96515
Year of Discovery:1931

Occurrences of Sérandite

Geological Setting:In sodalite zenoliths and pegmatites, phonolite, contact metamorphic rocks.

Physical Properties of Sérandite

Lustre:Vitreous, Greasy
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent, Translucent
Comment:Fibrous aggregates - dull to silky
Colour:Pale pink, salmon-red, salmon-orange, deep orange, rose-red, brown, colourless
Streak:White
Hardness (Mohs):5 - 5½
Tenacity:Brittle
Cleavage:Perfect
On {001} and {100}
Fracture:Irregular/Uneven
Density (measured):3.34 g/cm3
Density (calculated):3.42 g/cm3

Crystallography of Sérandite

Crystal System:Triclinic
Class (H-M):1 - Pinacoidal
Space Group:P1
Cell Parameters:a = 7.683(1) Å, b = 6.889(1) Å, c = 6.747(1) Å
α = 90.53(5)°, β = 94.12(2)°, γ = 102.75(2)°
Ratio:a:b:c = 1.115 : 1 : 0.979
Unit Cell Volume:V 347.29 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:2
Morphology:Prismatic to acicular crystals
Twinning:Around [010] compostion plane {100}, less commonly contact twin on {110}

Optical Data of Sérandite

Type:Biaxial (+)
RI values: nα = 1.668 nβ = 1.671 nγ = 1.703
2V:Measured: 39° , Calculated: 39°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.035

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:High
Dispersion:r < v moderate

Chemical Properties of Sérandite

Formula:
Na(Mn
2+
 
,Ca)
 
2
(HSi
 
3
O
 
9
)
Essential elements:H, Mn, Na, O, Si
All elements listed in formula:Ca, H, Mn, Na, O, Si
Common Impurities:Al,Fe,Mg,K,H2O

Relationship of Sérandite to other Species

Series:Forms a series with Pectolite (see here)
Member of:Wollastonite Group
Other Members of Group:

- +
Bustamite
CaMn
2+
 
(Si
 
2
O
 
6
)
Ferrobustamite
Ca(Fe
2+
 
,Ca,Mn
2+
 
)(Si
 
2
O
 
6
)
Pectolite
NaCa
 
2
(HSi
 
3
O
 
9
)
Tanohataite
LiMn
 
2
(HSi
 
3
O
 
9
)
Wollastonite
CaSiO
 
3
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
9.DG.05Bustamite
CaMn
2+
 
(Si
 
2
O
 
6
)
9.DG.05Ferrobustamite
Ca(Fe
2+
 
,Ca,Mn
2+
 
)(Si
 
2
O
 
6
)
9.DG.05Pectolite
NaCa
 
2
(HSi
 
3
O
 
9
)
9.DG.05Wollastonite
CaSiO
 
3
9.DG.05Wollastonite-1A
CaSiO
 
3
9.DG.07Cascandite
Ca(Sc,Fe
3+
 
)(HSi
 
3
O
 
9
)
9.DG.08Plombièrite
Ca
 
5
(HSi
 
3
O
 
9
)
 
2
 · 7H
 
2
O
9.DG.10Clinotobermorite
Ca
 
5
(Si
 
6
O
 
17
) · 5H
 
2
O
9.DG.10Riversideite
Ca
 
5
(HSi
 
3
O
 
9
)
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
9.DG.10Tobermorite
Ca
 
4+x
(H
 
2-2x
Si
 
6
O
 
17
) · 5H
 
2
O
9.DG.15Foshagite
Ca
 
4
(Si
 
3
O
 
9
)(OH)
 
2
9.DG.20Jennite
Ca
 
9
(Si
 
3
O
 
9
)
 
2
(OH)
 
8
 · 8H
 
2
O
9.DG.25Paraumbite
K
 
3
Zr
 
2
H(Si
 
3
O
 
9
)
 
2
 · nH
 
2
O
9.DG.25Umbite
K
 
2
(Zr,Ti)Si
 
3
O
 
9
 · H
 
2
O
9.DG.30Sørensenite
Na
 
4
SnBe
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
16
(OH)
 
4
9.DG.35Xonotlite
Ca
 
6
(Si
 
6
O
 
17
)(OH)
 
2
9.DG.40Hillebrandite
Ca
 
2
(SiO
 
3
)(OH)
 
2
9.DG.45Zorite
Na
 
8
(Ti,Nb)
 
5
(Si
 
6
O
 
17
)
 
2
(OH,O)
 
5
 · 14H
 
2
O
9.DG.45Chivruaiite
Ca
 
4
(Ti,Nb)
 
5
(Si
 
6
O
 
17
)
 
2
(OH,O)
 
5
 · 13-14H
 
2
O
9.DG.50Haineaultite
(Na,Ca)
 
5
Ca(Ti,Nb)
 
5
(Si
 
6
O
 
17
)
 
2
(OH,F)
 
8
 · 5H
 
2
O
9.DG.55Epididymite
Na
 
2
Be
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
15
 · H
 
2
O
9.DG.60Eudidymite
Na
 
2
Be
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
15
 · H
 
2
O
9.DG.65Elpidite
Na
 
2
ZrSi
 
6
O
 
15
 · 3H
 
2
O
9.DG.70Fenaksite
(K,Na)
 
4
(Fe,Mn)
 
2
(Si
 
4
O
 
10
)
 
2
(OH,F)
9.DG.70Litidionite
CuNaKSi
 
4
O
 
10
9.DG.70Manaksite
KNaMnSi
 
4
O
 
10
9.DG.75Tinaksite
K
 
2
Na(Ca,Mn
2+
 
)
 
2
Ti[O|Si
 
7
O
 
18
(OH)]
9.DG.75Tokkoite
K
 
2
Ca
 
4
Si
 
7
O
 
17
(O,OH,F)
 
4
9.DG.75Senkevichite
CsKNaCa
 
2
Ti[O|Si
 
7
O
 
18
(OH)]
9.DG.80Canasite
K
 
2
Na
 
4
Ca
 
5
(Si
 
12
O
 
30
(OH,F)
 
4
9.DG.80Fluorcanasite
K
 
3
Na
 
3
Ca
 
5
Si
 
12
O
 
30
F
 
4
 · H
 
2
O
9.DG.85Miserite
K(Ca,Ce)
 
4
Si
 
5
O
 
13
(OH)
 
3
9.DG.90Frankamenite
K
 
3
Na
 
3
Ca
 
5
(Si
 
12
O
 
30
)(F,OH)
 
4
 · H
 
2
O
9.DG.92Charoite
(K,Sr)
 
15-16
(Ca,Na)
 
32
[Si
 
6
O
 
11
(O,OH)
 
6
]
 
2
[Si
 
12
O
 
18
(O,OH)
 
12
]
 
2
[Si
 
17
O
 
25
(O,OH)
 
18
]
 
2
(OH,F)
 
4
 · ~3H
 
2
O
9.DG.95Yuksporite
(K,Ba)NaCa
 
2
(Si,Ti)
 
4
O
 
11
(F,OH) · H
 
2
O
9.DG.97Eveslogite
(Na,K,Ca,Sr,Ba)
 
48
 [(Ti,Nb,Mn,Fe
2+
 
)
 
12
Si
 
48
O
 
144
(OH)
 
12
](F,OH,Cl)
 
14
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
14.18.1Nambulite
(Li,Na)Mn
 
4
Si
 
5
O
 
14
(OH)
14.18.2Natronambulite
(Na,Li)(Mn,Ca)
 
4
Si
 
5
O
 
14
OH
14.18.3Zakharovite
Na
 
4
Mn
 
5
Si
 
10
O
 
24
(OH)
 
6
 · 6H
 
2
O
14.18.4Norrishite
KLiMn
3+
2
(Si
 
4
O
 
10
)O
 
2
14.18.5Shafranovskite
(Na,K)
 
6
(Mn,Fe)
 
3
Si
 
9
O
 
24
 · 6H
 
2
O
14.18.6Abswurmbachite
CuMn
3+
6
(SiO
 
4
)O
 
8
14.18.7Donpeacorite
(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)Mg[SiO
 
3
]
 
2
14.18.8Kanoite
Mn
2+
 
(Mg,Mn
2+
 
)Si
 
2
O
 
6
14.18.9Caryopilite
(Mn,Mg)
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
5
)(OH)
 
4
14.18.10Gonyerite
(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
5
Fe
3+
 
(Fe
3+
 
Si
 
3
O
 
10
)(OH)
 
8
14.18.11Tirodite
14.18.12Manganhumite
(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
7
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
2
14.18.13Bustamite
CaMn
2+
 
(Si
 
2
O
 
6
)
14.18.14Glaucochroite
CaMn
2+
 
SiO
 
4
14.18.15Truscottite
(Ca,Mn)
 
14
Si
 
24
O
 
58
(OH)
 
8
 · 2H
 
2
O
14.18.16Santaclaraite
CaMn
 
4
[Si
 
5
O
 
14
OH](OH) · H
 
2
O
14.18.17Ferrobustamite
Ca(Fe
2+
 
,Ca,Mn
2+
 
)(Si
 
2
O
 
6
)
14.18.18Johannsenite
CaMn
2+
 
Si
 
2
O
 
6
14.18.19Neltnerite
CaMn
3+
6
(SiO
 
4
)O
 
8
14.18.20Orlymanite
Ca
 
4
Mn
 
3
Si
 
8
O
 
20
(OH)
 
6
 · 2H
 
2
O
14.18.21Inesite
Ca
 
2
(Mn,Fe)
 
7
Si
 
10
O
 
28
(OH)
 
2
 · 5H
 
2
O
14.18.22Orientite
Ca
 
2
Mn
2+
 
Mn
3+
2
(Si
 
3
O
 
10
)(OH)
 
4
14.18.23Ruizite
Ca
 
2
Mn
3+
2
[(OH)
 
2
|H
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
13
] · 2H
 
2
O
14.18.24Bostwickite
CaMn
 
6
Si
 
3
O
 
16
 · 7H
 
2
O
14.18.25Kittatinnyite
Ca
 
2
Mn
 
2
Mn(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
4
 · 9H
 
2
O
14.18.26Lithiomarsturite
LiCa
 
2
Mn
 
2
Si
 
5
O
 
14
(OH)
14.18.28Kvanefjeldite
Na
 
4
(Ca,Mn)(Si
 
3
O
 
7
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
14.18.29Marsturite
NaCaMn
 
3
Si
 
5
O
 
14
(OH)
14.18.30Raite
Na
 
4
Mn
2+
3
Ti
 
0.25
Si
 
8
O
 
20
(OH)
 
2
 · 10H
 
2
O
14.18.31Richterite
{Na}{CaNa}{Mg
 
5
}(Si
 
8
O
 
22
)(OH)
 
2
14.18.32Byelorussite-(Ce)
NaBa
 
2
Ce
 
2
MnTi
 
2
[Si
 
4
O
 
12
]
 
2
O
 
2
(F,OH) · H
 
2
O
14.18.33Deerite
(Fe,Mn)
 
6
(Fe,Al)
 
3
[Si
 
6
O
 
17
]O
 
3
(OH)
 
5
14.18.34Calderite
(Mn
2+
 
,Ca)
 
3
(Fe
3+
 
,Al)
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
14.18.35Pyroxmangite
MnSiO
 
3
14.18.36Dannemorite
14.18.37Neotocite
(Mn,Fe,Mg)SiO
 
3
 · H
 
2
O
14.18.38Babingtonite
Ca
 
2
(Fe,Mn)FeSi
 
5
O
 
14
(OH)
14.18.39Manganbabingtonite
Ca
 
2
(Mn,Fe)FeSi
 
5
O
 
14
(OH)
14.18.40Örebroite
Mn
2+
3
(Fe
3+
 
,Sb
5+
 
)(SiO
 
4
)(O,OH)
 
3

Other Names for Sérandite

Other Languages:
German:Sérandit
Japanese:セラン石
Russian:Серандит
Spanish:Sérandita
Varieties:
Calcian Sérandite

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Sérandite

Reference List:

- +
LACROIX, A. (1931) Les pegmatites de la syènite sodalitique de l'Îsle Rouma (Archipel de Los, Guinèe française). Desciption d'un nouveau minéral (sérandite) qu'elles renferment. Comptes Rendu, Academie des Sciences, Paris. 192, No.4. 187 194. (in French). English abstract: American Mineralogist, 16, (1931) 344.

SCHALLER, W.T. (1955) The pectolite schizolite serandite series. American Mineralogist, 40, 1022 1031.

BOISSONNAULT, J., and PERRAULT, G. (1965a) Serandite from St. Hilaire, Quebec. Canadian Mineralogist, 8, 132 (abstract).

HORVÁTH, L., and GAULT, R.G. (1990) The mineralogy of Mont Saint Hilaire. Mineralogical Record, 21, 284 359

HORVÁTH, L., PFENNINGER HORVÁTH, E., GAULT, R.A., and TARASSOFF, P. (1998) Mineralogy of the Saint Amable sill, Varennes and Saint Amable, Québec, Canada. Mineralogical Record, 29, 83 118.

Manning P G (1968) Absorption spectra of the manganese-bearing chain silicates pyroxmangite, rhodonite, bustamite and serandite, The Canadian Mineralogist 9, 348-357

Ohashi Y, Finger L W (1978) The role of octahedral cations in pyroxenoid crystal shemistry. I. Bustamite, wollastonite, and the pectolite–schizolite–serandite series, American Mineralogist 63, 274-288

Hammer, V.M.F., Libowitzky, E., and Rossman, G.R. (1998) Single-crystal IR spectroscopy of very strong hydrogen bonds in pectolite, NCa2[Si3O4(OH)], and serandite, NaMn2[Si3O4(OH)]. American Mineralogist: 83: 569-576.

American Mineralogist (2000): 85: 745-752.

Internet Links for Sérandite

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    • Localities for Sérandite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • New South Wales
      • Darling Co.
        • Tamworth
    		Min.Mag.: 60:369-374.
      • Forbes Co.
        • Grenfell
    		[MinRec 27:394]
    • Queensland
      • Somerset Region
    		[var: Calcian Sérandite] Carr, Phillips & Williams - Min.Mag. 1976 40,853-6
    Brazil
     
    • Santa Catarina
    		1995, Geochimica Brasiliensis, 8: 179-214.
    Canada
     
    • Québec
      • Montérégie
        • Lajemmerais RCM
          • Varennes & St-Amable
            • Saint-Amable sill
    		Horváth, L., Pfenninger-Horváth, E., Gault, R. A., & Tarassoff, P. (1998): Mineralogy of the Saint-Amable Sill, Varennes and Saint-Amable, Québec. Mineralogical Record, 29: 83-118.
        • Rouville RCM
          • Mont Saint-Hilaire
    		Boissonault, J. and Perrault, G. (1965), Serandite from St. Hilaire, Quebec. Canadian Mineralogist: 8: 132. HORVÁTH, L., & GAULT, R.G. (1990) The mineralogy of Mont Saint Hilaire. Mineralogical Record, 21, 284 359.
    Guinea
     
    • Los Archipelago (Los Islands)
    		Lacroix, A. (1931). Les pegmatites de la syénite sodalitique de l’île Rouma (archipel de Los, Guinée française). Description d’un noveau minéral (sérandite) qu’elles renferment. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 192, 189-194.
    Italy
     
    • Liguria
      • La Spezia Province
        • Vara Valley
          • Borghetto Vara
    		Palenzona A., Di Giovanni F. (1990) - La serandite di Cerchiara (SP) - Rivista Mineralogica Italiaa, XIII, fasc. 1, pp. 42-43
    • Tuscany
      • Lucca Province
        • Apuan Alps
          • Vagli di Sotto
    		Biagioni C., 2004. Le mineralizzazioni manganesifere dei Diaspri Auctt. di Vagli (Alpi Apuane, Lucca). Tesina di Laurea inedita, Università di Pisa.
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Tohoku Region
        • Akita Prefecture
          • Odate
    		Dr. Wilfried Steffens: "The Eudialyte Homepage" www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/other.htm (where it is erroneously assumed to be related to alkaline igneous rocks)
        • Iwate Prefecture
          • Shimohei-gun
    		Am Min 61:3-4 pp 229-237; Mineral.Journ.Japan (1985) 12, 332-340
    Namibia
     
    • Khomas Region
      • Windhoek District
        • Aris
    		Ellingsen, H. V. (2006): Sérandit aus Aris, Namibia. Mineralien-Welt 17 (3), 51. (in German); Prof. Friedrich Koller, University of Vienna (chemical analyses on thin sections; pers. comm. to U. Kolitsch, 7/2009)
    • Otjozondjupa Region
      • Grootfontein District
        • Kombat
    		Dunn, P.J. (1991), Rare minerals of the Kombat Mine, Mineralogical Record: 22(6): 421-425.
    Norway
     
    • Telemark
      • Porsgrunn
        • Bjørkedalen
    		Andersen, F.,Berge, S.A. & Burvald, I. (1996): Die Mineralien des Langesundsfjords und des umgebenden Larvikit-Gebietes, Oslo-Region, Norwegen. MineralienWelt 7(4):21-100
        • Mørje
          • Sagåsen
    		Larsen, A. O. (ed.) (2010): The Langesundsfjord. History, geology, pegmatites, minerals. Bode Verlag Gmbh, Salzhemmendorf, Germany, 240 pp
    • Vestfold
      • Larvik
        • Langesundsfjorden
          • Vesle Arøya
    		Engvoldsen, T., Andersen, F., Berge, S. A. & Burvald, I. (1991): Pegmatittmineraler fra Larvik ringkompleks. STEIN 18 (1), 15-71; Larsen, A. O. (ed.) (2010): The Langesundsfjord. History, geology, pegmatites, minerals. Bode Verlag Gmbh, Salzhemmendorf, Germany, 240 pp
    Russia
     
    • Northern Region
      • Murmanskaja Oblast'
        • Kola Peninsula
          • Khibiny Massif
    		Pekov, I.V. & Podlesnyi, A.S. (2004): Kukisvumchorr Deposit: Mineralogy of Alkaline Pegmatites and Hydrotermalites. Mineralogical Almanac, vol. 7, 140 pages + xxiv photo's pages
    Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
          • Lovozero Massif
    		Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
              • Umbozero mine (Umba mine)
    		Lapis, 4/97, Ivanjuk et al.; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
    Zapiski Vserossijskogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva 130, issue 2, 53-58
    Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow; Pekov, I. et al (2003): New Data on Minerals: 38: 20-33.
    I. Pekov (1998) Minerals First Discovered on the Territory of the former Soviey Union
    Mineralogical Record (2000): 31: 203.; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
            • Kedykverpakhk Mt
    		I.V. Pekov et al.: Zap. Vses. Mineral. Obshch. 132(6):1-14 (2003)
            • Sengischorr Mt
              • Motchisuai River Valley
    		Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
    South Africa
     
    • North West Province
      • Western Bushveld Complex
        • Rustenburg District
    		The Canadian Mineralogist, V 42, 2004, pp. 1169-1178.; MITCHELL, R.H. & LIFEROVICH, R.P. (2004) Ecandrewsite - zincian pyrophanite from lujavrite. Pilansber alkaline complex, South Africa. Canadian Mineralogist), 42, 1169-1178.
    • Northern Cape Province
      • Kalahari manganese fields
        • Hotazel
    		[Von Bezing, K. L. et al. (1991) - The Kalahari manganese field : an update, Mineralogical Record, 22 (3), 279-302]
      • Postmasburg
        • Kathu
          • Sishen
    		John M. Moore, Barbara K. Kuhn, Darren F. Mark, and Harilaos Tsikos (2011): A sugilite-bearing assemblage from the Wolhaarkop breccia, Bruce iron-ore mine, South Africa: Evidence for alkali metasomatism and 40Ar-39Ar dating. Eur. J. Mineral. 23, 661-673.
    USA
     
    • Arkansas
      • Pulaski Co.
        • Little Rock
    		Rocks and Minerals, (1988) 63:104-125; Rocks and Minerals, (1989) 64:314-322
    Henry Barwood - unpublished (2010)
    • California
      • San Benito Co.
        • Diablo Range
          • New Idria District
            • San Benito River headwaters area
              • Dallas Gem Mine area
    		Wise, W.S & Gill, R.H. (1977): Minerals of the Benitoite Gem mine. Mineralogical Record 8, 442-452; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 410.
    • New Mexico
      • Colfax Co.
        • Springer
          • Point of Rocks Mesa (Pecks Mesa)
    		Rocks & Min.:60:229.
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