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Sideronatrite

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Julia Mine, Herne, Ruhr Coal Mining area, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
© U.Wagner

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Formula:
Na
 
2
Fe(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH) · 3H
 
2
O
System:OrthorhombicColour:Yellow, yellow-brown, ...
Hardness:1½ - 2
Name:In allusion to the composition, containing iron (Greek "SIDEROs") and sodium (Latin "NATRIum").


A rare sodium-iron-sulphate found in arid regions.

Reversibly dehydrates to metasideronatrite depending on relative humidity and exposure to sunlight.

Two MDO polytypes are known, sideronatrite-2O (MDO1) and sideronatrite-2M (MDO2).

Classification of Sideronatrite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:6/D.15-10
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:7.DF.20

7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
D : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) with additional anions, with H2O
F : With large and medium-sized cations
Dana 8th edition ID:31.8.3.1

31 : HYDRATED SULFATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
8 : (AB)3(XO4)2Zq·xH2O
Hey's CIM Ref.:25.11.2

25 : Sulphates
11 : Sulphates of Fe and other metals
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Type Occurrence of Sideronatrite

Type Locality:San Simon Mine, Santa Rosa-Huantajaya District, Iquique Province, Tarapacá Region, Chile
Year of Discovery:1878
Geological Setting of type material:Very arid regions.

Occurrences of Sideronatrite

Geological Setting:Secondary mineral in pyrite deposits in arid environments. Alteration of pyrite by sea spray or saline waters in metallic veins, and coal measures.

Physical Properties of Sideronatrite

Lustre:Vitreous
Colour:Yellow, yellow-brown, straw-yellow, light orange; pale yellow to nearly colourless in transmitted light.
Streak:Yellowish white
Hardness (Mohs):1½ - 2
Tenacity:Elastic
Cleavage:Perfect
Perfect on {010}
Fair on {100}
Density (measured):2.22 - 2.35 g/cm3
Density (calculated):2.276 g/cm3

Crystallography of Sideronatrite

Crystal System:Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):2 2 2 - Disphenoidal
Space Group:P21 21 21
Cell Parameters:a = 7.265(2) Å, b = 20.522(6) Å, c = 7.120(2) Å
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.354 : 1 : 0.347
Unit Cell Volume:V 1,061.54 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:4
Morphology:Lathlike to acicular crystals, elongated [001]; fibrous crusts; earthy, pulverent; efflorescent crusts.
Comment:Data for MDO1 polytype.

Optical Data of Sideronatrite

Type:Biaxial (+)
RI values: nα = 1.508(3) nβ = 1.525(3) nγ = 1.586(3)
2V:Calculated: 53° to 63°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.078

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Low
Dispersion:strong r>v
Pleochroism:Weak
Comments:X = a = Nearly colourless
Y = b = Very pale golden yellow
Z = c = Pale golden yellow

Chemical Properties of Sideronatrite

Formula:
Na
 
2
Fe(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH) · 3H
 
2
O
Essential elements:Fe, H, Na, O, S
All elements listed in formula:Fe, H, Na, O, S
Empirical Formula:
Na
 
2
Fe
3+
 
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
OH · 3H
 
2
O

Relationship of Sideronatrite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
7.DF.05Uklonskovite
NaMg(SO
 
4
)F · 2H
 
2
O
7.DF.10Kainite
KMg(SO
 
4
)Cl · 3H
 
2
O
7.DF.15Natrochalcite
NaCu
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH) · 2H
 
2
O
7.DF.20Metasideronatrite
Na
 
2
Fe(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH) · H
 
2
O
7.DF.25Despujolsite
Ca
 
3
Mn
4+
 
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
 · 3H
 
2
O
7.DF.25Fleischerite
Pb
 
3
Ge(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
 · 3H
 
2
O
7.DF.25Schaurteite
Ca
 
3
Ge(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
 · 4H
 
2
O
7.DF.25Mallestigite
Pb
 
3
Sb
5+
 
(SO
 
4
)(AsO
 
4
)(OH)
 
6
 · 3H
 
2
O
7.DF.30Slavíkite
(H
 
3
O
+
 
)
 
3
Mg
 
6
Fe
 
15
(SO
 
4
)
 
21
(OH)
 
18
 · 99H
 
2
O
7.DF.35Metavoltine
Na
 
6
K
 
2
FeFe
 
6
(SO
 
4
)
 
12
O
 
2
 · 18H
 
2
O
7.DF.40Lannonite
HCa
 
4
Mg
 
2
Al
 
4
(SO
 
4
)
 
8
F
 
9
 · 32H
 
2
O
7.DF.40Vlodavetsite
AlCa
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
F
 
2
Cl · 4H
 
2
O
7.DF.45Peretaite
Ca(SbO)
 
4
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
7.DF.50Gordaite
NaZn
 
4
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
6
Cl · 6H
 
2
O
7.DF.55Clairite
(NH
 
4
)
 
2
Fe
 
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
3
 · 3H
 
2
O
7.DF.60Arzrunite
Cu
 
4
Pb
 
2
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
4
Cl
 
6
 · 2H
 
2
O (?)
7.DF.65Elyite
Pb
 
4
Cu(SO
 
4
)O
 
2
(OH)
 
4
 · H
 
2
O
7.DF.70Yecoraite
Fe
3+
3
Bi
 
5
(Te
6+
 
O
 
4
)
 
2
(Te
4+
 
O
 
3
)O
 
9
 · 9H
 
2
O
7.DF.75Riomarinaite
Bi(SO
 
4
)(OH) · H
 
2
O
7.DF.80Dukeite
Bi
3+
24
Cr
6+
8
O
 
57
(OH)
 
6
 · 3H
 
2
O
7.DF.85Xocolatlite
Ca
 
2
Mn
4+
2
(Te
6+
 
O
 
6
)
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
25.11.1Natrojarosite
NaFe
 
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
25.11.3Metasideronatrite
Na
 
2
Fe(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH) · H
 
2
O
25.11.4Ferrinatrite
Na
 
3
Fe(SO
 
4
)
 
3
 · 3H
 
2
O
25.11.5Amarillite
NaFe(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 6H
 
2
O
25.11.6Yavapaiite
KFe(SO
 
4
)
 
2
25.11.7Krausite
KFe(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
25.11.8Goldichite
KFe(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
25.11.9Jarosite
KFe
3+
 
 
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
25.11.10Voltaite
K
 
2
Fe
2+
5
Fe
3+
3
Al(SO
 
4
)
 
12
 · 18H
 
2
O
25.11.11Ungemachite
K
 
3
Na
 
8
Fe(SO
 
4
)
 
6
(NO
 
3
)
 
2
 · 6H
 
2
O
25.11.12Metavoltine
Na
 
6
K
 
2
FeFe
 
6
(SO
 
4
)
 
12
O
 
2
 · 18H
 
2
O
25.11.13Sabieite
(NH
 
4
)Fe
3+
 
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
25.11.14Ammoniojarosite
(NH
 
4
)Fe
3+
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
25.11.15Clairite
(NH
 
4
)
 
2
Fe
 
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
3
 · 3H
 
2
O
25.11.16Mohrite
(NH
 
4
)
 
2
Fe(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 6H
 
2
O
25.11.17Lonecreekite
(NH
 
4
)Fe
3+
 
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 12H
 
2
O
25.11.18Godovikovite
(NH
 
4
)Al(SO
 
4
)
 
2
25.11.19Botryogen
MgFe
3+
 
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH) · 7H
 
2
O
25.11.21Slavíkite
(H
 
3
O
+
 
)
 
3
Mg
 
6
Fe
 
15
(SO
 
4
)
 
21
(OH)
 
18
 · 99H
 
2
O
25.11.23Sturmanite
Ca
 
6
(Fe
3+
 
,Al,Mn
3+
 
)
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
[B(OH)
 
4
](OH)
 
12
 · 25H
 
2
O
25.11.24Millosevichite
(Al,Fe)
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
25.11.25Aluminocopiapite
Al
 
2/3
Fe
3+
4
(SO
 
4
)
 
6
(OH)
 
2
 · 20H
 
2
O
25.11.26Halotrichite
FeAl
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
 · 22H
 
2
O
25.11.27Idrizite
(Mg,Fe)(Al,Fe)
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
2
 · 15H
 
2
O or near
25.11.28Lishizhenite
ZnFe
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
 · 14H
 
2
O
25.11.29Zincovoltaite
K
 
2
Zn
 
5
Fe
3+
3
Al(SO
 
4
)
 
12
 · 18H
 
2
O

Other Names for Sideronatrite

Synonyms:
Urusite
Other Languages:
German:Sideronatrit
Urusit
Spanish:Sideronatrita
Urusita

Polytypes for Sideronatrite

Polytypes:
Sideronatrite-2MSideronatrite-2O

Other Information

Other Information:Insoluble in cold water. Soluble in boiling water with seperation of ferric oxide. Reversibly dehydrates to metasideronatrite.
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Sideronatrite

Reference List:

- +
Raimondi, A. (1878) Minéraux du Pérou: Catalogue raisonné d’une collection des principaux types minéraux de la République. 336pp., Paris: 233.

Frenzel (1880) Mineralogische und petrographische Mitteilungen, Vienna: 2: 133 (as Urusite).

Frenzel (1890) Mineralogische und petrographische Mitteilungen, Vienna: 11: 214.

Genth and Penfield (1890) American Journal of Science: 40: 201.

Scharizer (1906) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 41: 215.

Larsen, E.S. (1921) The Microscopic Determination of the Nonopaque Minerals, First edition, USGS Bulletin 679: 134.

Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 604-605.

Cesbron, F. (1964): Contribution à la minéralogie des sulfates de fer hydratés. Bull. Soc. Franç. Minéral. Cristallogr. 87, 125-143.

Scordari, F. (1981) Sideronatrite, a mineral with a {Fe2(SO4)4(OH)2} guildite type chain? Tschermaks Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen: 28: 315-319.

Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte (1982): 6: 344.

Periodico di Mineralogia (1985): 54: 5.

Scordari, F. & Ventruti, G. (2009): Sideronatrite, Na2Fe(SO4)2(OH)3H2O: crystal structure of the orthorhombic polytype and OD character analysis. American Mineralogist, 94, 1679-1686.

Internet Links for Sideronatrite

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    • Localities for Sideronatrite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Argentina
     
    • Jujuy
      • El Palmar District
    		Zavalia, Maria Florencia Marquez & Galliski, Miguel Angel (1995): Goldichite of fumarolic origin from the Santa Barbara mine, Jujuy, northwestern Argentina. Canadian Mineralogist 33, 1059-1062.
    Australia
     
    • South Australia
      • Andamooka Ranges - Lake Torrens area
        • Stuart Shelf area
          • Mt Gunson
    		Pring, A., Elliot, P. (1987) Sideronatrite: first recorded occurrences in Australia. Australian Mineralogist, Vol. 2, No. 2, pg. 3-6.
      • Olary Province
        • Wadnaminga goldfield
    		Pring, A., Elliot, P. (1987) Sideronatrite: first recorded occurrences in Australia. Australian Mineralogist, Vol. 2, No. 2, pg. 3-6.
    Austria
     
    • Salzburg
      • Hohe Tauern
        • Gastein valley
          • Bad Gastein
    		A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989
    Belgium
     
    • Limburg Province
      • Genk
    		Handbook of Mineralogy - Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols
    Bolivia
     
    • Potosí Department
      • Potosí City
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 605; Mineralogical Record: 32: 465.
    Canada
     
    • Nova Scotia
      • Cape Breton Co.
        • Sydney coalfield
          • Glace Bay
            • #26 Colliery
    		Erwin L. Zodrow and Keith McCandlish, "Hydrated Sulfates in the Sydney Coalfiled, Cape Breton, Nova Scotia", Canadian Mineralogist, vol. 16, pp.17-22, 1978.
    Chile
     
    • Antofagasta Region
      • Antofagasta Province
    		Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.
        • Mejillones
          • Mejillones peninsula
    		Luigi Chiappino specimen
    Samples analysed by Dr. Tony Kampf, Curator of LAC Mineralogical Museum, USA; Some of the Sulphates has been identified and confirmed by Dr Tony Kampf and Dr. Stuart Mills, LAC Musuem, CA, USA
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 614.
    [Sideronatrite-2M] NHM Vienna collection (Uwe Kolitsch SXRD analysis; MDO2 polytype)
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 457 & 605.
      • El Loa Province
        • Calama
          • Cerritos Bayos
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. 7th edition: 457.; Kampf, A.R.; Mills, S.J.; Housley, R.M.; Williams, P.A.; Dini, M. (2012): Alcaparrosaite, K3Ti4+Fe3+(SO4)4O(H2O)2, a new hydrophobic Ti4+ sulfate from Alcaparrosa, Chile. Mineralogical Magazine 76, 851-861.
          • Chuquicamata District
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 597.
    Dana 7:II:457.
    • Tarapacá Region
      • Iquique Province
        • Santa Rosa-Huantajaya District
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 605; Bull. Min. 87 (1964): 125; Clark, 1993 - "Hey's Mineral Index."
    China
     
    • Qinghai Province
      • Haixi Autonomous Prefecture
        • Da Qaidam Co. (Dachaidan Co.)
    		Guangzhi Tu, Xilin Li, Xande Xie, and Shusen Yin (1964): Acta Geologica Sinica 44(1), 99-101; American Mineralogist 90, 1518-1521
    • Xinjiang Autonomous Region
      • Tulufan Prefecture (Turfan Prefecture; Turpan Prefecture)
        • Shanshan Co. (Piqan Co.; Pichan Co.)
          • Kanggur-Xifengshan gold belt
    		Kaiyin Bai and Zhaoxin Han (2007): Northwestern Geology 40(2), 114-117
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Karlovy Vary Region
        • Krušné Hory Mts (Erzgebirge)
          • Jáchymov (St Joachimsthal) District
    		Lapis 2002(7/8), 63-65
    France
     
    • Brittany
      • Morbihan
        • Belle-Ile
          • Le Palais
    		R. Pierrot, L. Chauris, C. Laforêt and F. Pillard : "Inventaire Minéralogique de la France N° 9 : Morbihan", BRGM, 1980.
    Germany
     
    • North Rhine-Westphalia
      • Ruhr Coal Mining area
        • Bottrop
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", 1990
        • Herne
    		No reference listed
        • Marl
          • Marl-Hüls
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", 1990
    • Saxony
      • Dresden
    		Thalheim, K.; Reichel, W. & Witzke, T. (1991): Die Minerale des Döhlener Beckens.- Schriften des Staatlichen Museums für Mineralogie und Geologie zu Dresden, Nr. 3
    Hungary
     
    • Heves Co.
      • Mátra Mts.
        • Recsk
    		No reference listed
    Ireland
     
    • Co. Kerry
    		Moreton et al. (1995) Irish J. Earth Sciences, 14, 1-5..
    Italy
     
    • Sicily
      • Messina Province
        • Eolie Islands (Aeolian Islands)
          • Lipari
            • Vulcano Island
              • Porto Levante
    		GARAVELLI A., GRASSO M.F., VURRO F. (1996): Mineral occurrence and depositional processes at Baia di Levante area (Vulcano Island, Italy). - Mineralogica et Petrographica Acta - 39, 251- 261.
    • Tuscany
      • Siena Province
        • Chiusdino
    		Mineralogical Record, 15 (1), 27-36.
    Namibia
     
    • Erongo Region
      • Karibib District
        • Spitzkopje Area
    		Kleser, T. & Berghäuser, M. (2008): Vanadinit und weitere Mineralien aus der Namib Lead Mine. Mineralien-Welt 19 (4), 94-104 (in German); NHM Vienna collection (Uwe Kolitsch SXRD analysis; MDO2 polytype)
    Poland
     
    • Lower Silesia (Dolnośląskie)
      • Turoszow
    		Stepisiewicz, M. (1983): Sideronatrite and copiapite from Turoszow, Lower Silesia. Archiwum Mineralogiczne 38, 35-44 (in Polish).
    Romania
     
    • Harghita Co.
    		Szakáll, S. & Kristály, F., Eds. (2010): Mineralogy of Székelyland, Eastern Transylvania, Romania. Csík County Nature and Conservation Society, Miercurea-Ciuc, Romania, 321 pp.
    Slovakia
     
    • Prešov Region
      • Prešov Co.
        • Červenica
    		Duda,R. et. all.,1981: MIneralogia severnej časti Slanských vrchov. Min.Slovaca,Monografia 2, Bratislava, 98p
    South Africa
     
    • Gauteng Province
    		Minerals of South Africa
    Switzerland
     
    • Vaud (Waadt)
      • Bex
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 228.
    Turkmenistan
     
    • Balkan Province
      • Cheleken peninsula
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 605.
    UK
     
    • England
      • Cornwall
        • Wadebridge District
          • St Teath
            • Treligga
    		Handbook of Mineralogy - Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols
      • Devon
        • South Devon
          • Torquay
    		NHM Collection, London (2009) - EDX analysis
      • Hampshire
        • Milton
    		MinMag 63:757
      • North Yorkshire
        • Scarborough
    		No reference listed
      • Tyne & Wear
        • Wallsend
    		Mineralogical Magazine 1966 35 : 983-990
    Ukraine
     
    • Crimea Oblast'
      • Crimea peninsula
        • Sudak Area
          • Morskoye Village
    		Geologiya SSSR (The geology of USSR) (1969) - Nedra (Moscou), 1969, vol. VIII, 575 p.
    USA
     
    • California
      • Kern Co.
        • Kramer District
          • Boron
    		Morgan, V. and Erd, R.C. (1969) Minerals of the Kramer borate district, California California Division of Mines and Geology Mineral Information Service: 22(9&10): 168; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 278-279.
    • Nevada
      • Churchill Co.
        • Desert District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
      • Eureka Co.
        • Beowawe District
    		Mineralogical Research Co. mineral list.
    NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
        • Crescent Valley
    		Minerals of Nevada, by Castor and Ferdock, 2004; p. 117
    • Utah
      • Emery Co.
    		Collection of NHM, Vienna
    Rick Dalrymple photo
      • San Juan Co.
        • White Canyon District
          • Red Canyon
    		Collected by and in the collection of Brent Thorne.
      • Wayne Co.
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
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    Copyright © Jolyon Ralph and Ida Chau 1993-2013. Site Map. Locality, mineral & photograph data are the copyright of the individuals who submitted them. Further information contact the Site hosted & developed by Jolyon Ralph. Mindat.org is an online information resource dedicated to providing free mineralogical information to all. Mindat relies on the contributions of hundreds of members and supporters. Mindat does not offer minerals for sale. If you would like to add information to improve the quality of our database, then click here to register.
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