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Sonolite

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Big Photo

Taylor Mine, Franklin Mine, Franklin, Franklin Mining District, Sussex Co., New Jersey, USA
© 2007 Peter Cristofono

Show Sonolite Photos (10)



Formula:
Mn
2+
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH,F)
 
2
System:MonoclinicColour:Red-orange, pinkish ...
Hardness:5½
Member of:Humite Group
Name:Named after its discovery locality, the Sono mine, Sohraku-gun, Kyoto Prefecture, Kinki Region, Honshu Island, Japan.


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Classification of Sonolite

IMA status:Approved
Strunz 8th edition ID:8/B.04-110
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:9.AF.55

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
A : Nesosilicates
F : Nesosilicates with additional anions; cations in [4], [5] and/or only [6] coordination
Dana 8th edition ID:52.3.2d.3

52 : NESOSILICATES Insular SiO4 Groups and O,OH,F,H2O
3 : Insular SiO4 Groups and O, OH, F, and H2O with cations in [6] coordination only
Hey's CIM Ref.:17.1.30

17 : Silicates Containing other Anions
1 : Silicates with fluoride (not containing Al)
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Type Occurrence of Sonolite

Type Locality:Sono mine, Sohraku-gun, Kyoto Prefecture, Kinki Region, Honshu Island, Japan
Year of Discovery:1963

Physical Properties of Sonolite

Lustre:Vitreous, Dull
Colour:Red-orange, pinkish brown to dark brown
Hardness (Mohs):5½

Crystallography of Sonolite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Cell Parameters:a = 4.87Å, b = 10.66Å, c = 14.28Å
β = 100.3°
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.457 : 1 : 1.34
Unit Cell Volume:V 729.39 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Optical Data of Sonolite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.765 nβ = 1.778 nγ = 1.787
2V:Measured: 75° to 82°, Calculated: 78°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.022

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Very High
Dispersion:none

Chemical Properties of Sonolite

Formula:
Mn
2+
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH,F)
 
2
Essential elements:H, Mn, O, Si
All elements listed in formula:F, H, Mn, O, Si
Common Impurities:Ti,Al,Fe,Mg,Ca,H2O,C

Relationship of Sonolite to other Species

Member of:Humite Group
Other Members of Group:

- +
Alleghanyite
Mn
2+
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
Chegemite
Ca
 
7
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
2
Chondrodite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(F,OH)
 
2
Clinohumite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
(F,OH)
 
2
Edgrewite
Ca
 
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
F
 
2
Humite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
7
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
(F,OH)
 
2
Hydroxylchondrodite
Mg
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
Hydroxylclinohumite
Mg
 
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH,F)
 
2
Jerrygibbsite
Mn
2+
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
Kumtyubeite
Ca
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
F
 
2
Leucophoenicite
Mn
2+
7
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
2
Manganhumite
(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
7
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
2
Norbergite
Mg
 
3
(SiO
 
4
)(F,OH)
 
2
Reinhardbraunsite
Ca
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH,F)
 
2
Ribbeite
(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
Unnamed (Ca-analogue of Humite)
Ca
 
7
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
F
 
2
Unnamed (F-analogue of Chegemite)
Ca
 
7
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
(F,OH)
 
2
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
9.AF.05Sillimanite
Al
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)O
9.AF.10Andalusite
Al
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)O
9.AF.10Kanonaite
Mn
3+
 
Al(SiO
 
4
)O
9.AF.15Kyanite
Al
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)O
9.AF.20Mullite
Al
 
4+2x
Si
 
2-2x
O
 
10-x
9.AF.20Krieselite
(Al,Ga)
 
2
(GeO
 
4
)(OH)
 
2
9.AF.23Boromullite
Al
 
9
BSi
 
2
O
 
19
9.AF.25Yoderite
Mg(Al,Fe
3+
 
)
 
3
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
O(OH)
9.AF.30Magnesiostaurolite
(Mg,Li,Fe
2+
 
)
 
1.5-2
Al
 
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
O
 
6
(OH)
 
2
9.AF.30Staurolite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mg,Zn)
 
1.5-2
Al
 
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
O
 
6
(OH,O)
 
2
9.AF.30Zincostaurolite
(Zn,Li,Fe
2+
 
,Mg)
 
1.5-2
Al
 
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
O
 
6
(OH)
 
2
9.AF.35Topaz
Al
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)(F,OH)
 
2
9.AF.40Norbergite
Mg
 
3
(SiO
 
4
)(F,OH)
 
2
9.AF.45Alleghanyite
Mn
2+
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
9.AF.45Chondrodite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(F,OH)
 
2
9.AF.45Reinhardbraunsite
Ca
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH,F)
 
2
9.AF.45Kumtyubeite
Ca
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
F
 
2
9.AF.45Hydroxylchondrodite
Mg
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
9.AF.50Humite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
7
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
(F,OH)
 
2
9.AF.50Manganhumite
(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
7
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
2
9.AF.50Unnamed (Ca-analogue of Humite)
Ca
 
7
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
F
 
2
9.AF.55Clinohumite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
(F,OH)
 
2
9.AF.55Hydroxylclinohumite
Mg
 
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH,F)
 
2
9.AF.60Leucophoenicite
Mn
2+
7
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
2
9.AF.65Ribbeite
(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
9.AF.70Jerrygibbsite
Mn
2+
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
9.AF.75Franciscanite
Mn
2+
6
(V
5+
 
,☐)
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(O,OH)
 
6
9.AF.75Örebroite
Mn
2+
3
(Fe
3+
 
,Sb
5+
 
)(SiO
 
4
)(O,OH)
 
3
9.AF.75Welinite
Mn
2+
6
(W
6+
 
,Mg)
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(O,OH)
 
6
9.AF.80Ellenbergerite
Mg
 
6
(Mg,Ti,Zr,◻)
 
2
(Al,Mg)
 
6
Si
 
8
O
 
28
(OH)
 
10
9.AF.85Chloritoid
(Fe
2+
 
,Mg,Mn
2+
 
)Al
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
 
2
9.AF.85Magnesiochloritoid
MgAl
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
 
2
9.AF.85Ottrélite
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
,Mg)Al
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
 
2
9.AF.90Poldervaartite
CaCa[SiO
 
3
(OH)](OH)
9.AF.90Olmiite
CaMn
2+
 
[SiO
 
3
(OH)](OH)
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
17.1.1Hectorite
Na
 
0.3
(Mg,Li)
 
3
(Si
 
4
O
 
10
)(F,OH)
 
2
17.1.3Agrellite
NaCa
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
10
F
17.1.4Apophyllite-(NaF)
NaCa
 
4
(Si
 
8
O
 
20
)F · 8H
 
2
O
17.1.5Apophyllite-(KF)
KCa
 
4
(Si
 
8
O
 
20
)(F,OH) · 8H
 
2
O
17.1.6Apophyllite-(KOH)
KCa
 
4
(Si
 
8
O
 
20
)(OH,F) · 8H
 
2
O
17.1.7Hsianghualite
Ca
 
3
Li
 
2
(Be
 
3
Si
 
3
O
 
12
)F
 
2
17.1.8Leucophanite
NaCaBeSi
 
2
O
 
6
F
17.1.9Norbergite
Mg
 
3
(SiO
 
4
)(F,OH)
 
2
17.1.10Chondrodite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(F,OH)
 
2
17.1.11Humite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
7
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
(F,OH)
 
2
17.1.12Clinohumite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
9
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
(F,OH)
 
2
17.1.13Canasite
K
 
2
Na
 
4
Ca
 
5
(Si
 
12
O
 
30
(OH,F)
 
4
17.1.14Charoite
(K,Sr)
 
15-16
(Ca,Na)
 
32
[Si
 
6
O
 
11
(O,OH)
 
6
]
 
2
[Si
 
12
O
 
18
(O,OH)
 
12
]
 
2
[Si
 
17
O
 
25
(O,OH)
 
18
]
 
2
(OH,F)
 
4
 · ~3H
 
2
O
17.1.15Cuspidine
Ca
 
4
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(F,OH)
 
2
17.1.16Bultfonteinite
Ca
 
2
(HSiO
 
4
)F · H
 
2
O
17.1.17Zeophyllite
Ca
 
4
Si
 
3
O
 
8
(OH,F)
 
4
 · 2H
 
2
O
17.1.18Rowlandite-(Y)
(Y,Ce)
 
4
Fe
2+
 
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
F
 
2
 (?)
17.1.19Yuksporite
(K,Ba)NaCa
 
2
(Si,Ti)
 
4
O
 
11
(F,OH) · H
 
2
O
17.1.20Yftisite-(Y)
(Y,Dy,Er)
 
4
(Ti,Sn)(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
O(F,OH)
 
6
17.1.21Mosandrite
(◻,Ca,Na)
 
3
(Ca,REE)
 
4
Ti(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
[H
 
2
O,OH,F]
 
4
 · H
 
2
O
17.1.22Hiortdahlite
(Ca,Na)
 
3
(Zr,Ti)(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(O,OH,F)
 
2
17.1.23Burpalite
Na
 
2
CaZr(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)F
 
2
17.1.24Seidozerite
Na
 
8
Mn
2+
2
Zr
 
3
Ti
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
4
O
 
4
F
 
4
17.1.25Thorosteenstrupine
CaMnThSi
 
4
O
 
11
(OH)F · 6H
 
2
O
17.1.26Zircophyllite
(K,Na)
 
3
(Mn,Fe
2+
 
)
 
7
(Zr,Ti)
 
2
Si
 
8
O
 
24
(O,OH,F)
 
7
17.1.27Jinshajiangite
BaNaFe
2+
4
Ti
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
O
 
2
(OH)
 
2
F
17.1.28Rosenbuschite
(Ca,Na)
 
3
(Zr,Ti)(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)OF
17.1.29Narsarsukite
Na
 
4
(Ti,Fe)
 
2
[Si
 
8
O
 
20
](O,OH,F)
 
2

Other Names for Sonolite

Other Languages:
German:Sonolith
Japanese:園石
Russian:Сонолит
Spanish:Sonolita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Sonolite

Reference List:

- +
American Mineralogist (1963): 48: 1413.

Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte (1989): 410.

Mineralogical Magazine (1994): 58: 333.

Internet Links for Sonolite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Sonolite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    • Localities for Sonolite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Austria
     
    • Styria
      • Mitterdorf
        • Veitsch
          • Kleinveitsch
            • Kaiblinggraben
    		Francis, C.A., Postl, W., Tropper, P., Bernhard, F., Walter, F. & Ettinger K. (2004): Über Sonolith und Tephroit von den Veitscher Manganerzvorkommen, Steiermark, Österreich. Joannea Mineralogie, 2, 85-100.
    Francis, C.A. (2004)
    France
     
    • Midi-Pyrénées
      • Hautes-Pyrénées
    		 Le Règne Minéral 47: 5-21
          • Vielle Aure
    		DE ASCENCAO GUEDES R., TIXADOR Y., CASTERET A. & GOUJOU JC. (2002) La mine de Coustou, Vielle-Aure, Hautes-Pyrénées. Le Règne Minéral, 47, 23-31. (in french)
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Chubu Region
        • Aichi Prefecture
          • Kita-Shidara-gun
            • Shidara-cho
    		Mayumi Yoshinaga (1963) Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Geology, 14, 1, 1-22.
        • Fukui Prefecture
          • Mikata-kaminaka-gun
            • Wakasa-cho
    		Kato, A. (2010) Mumeikai Group meeting, No. 30.
        • Nagano Prefecture
          • Kami-Ina-gun
            • Hamayokokawa mine (Hamayokogawa mine)
    		Akira Kato (2011) Explanations of distributed specimens at the Ordinary Meeting of Mumeikai Group, No. 34 (January, 20011).
    Akira Kato (2011) Explanations of distributed specimens at the Ordinary Meeting of Mumeikai Group, No. 34 (January, 20011).
      • Chugoku Region
        • Yamaguchi Prefecture
          • Iwakuni City
    		Mayumi Yoshinaga (1963) Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Geology, 14, 1, 1-22.
    Mayumi Yoshinaga (1963) Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Geology, 14, 1, 1-22.
    Mayumi Yoshinaga (1963) Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Geology, 14, 1, 1-22.
    Fukuoka, M. (1981) Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Geology, 24, #4, 207-252.
      • Kanto Region
        • Gunma Prefecture
          • Midori City
    		Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
    Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
        • Ibaraki Prefecture
          • Takanomine mine
    		Mayumi Yoshinaga (1963) Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Geology, 14, 1, 1-22.
        • Saitama Prefecture
          • Hannou
    		Kato, A. (2010) Mumeikai Group meeting, No. 30.
        • Tochigi Prefecture
    		Fukuoka, M. (1981) Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Geology, 24, #4, 207-252.
          • Kanuma City
    		Akira Kato (undated manuscript): Country rock and Minerals of the Kaso mine, Kanuma City, Tochigi Prefecture. (in japanese)
    Kato, A. (2010) Ordinary Meeting of Mumeikai Group No. 30, 488.
      • Kinki Region
        • Kyoto Prefecture
    		Mayumi Yoshinaga (1963) Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Geology, 14, 1, 1-22.
          • Sohraku-gun
    		Am Min 85:242-250
    ZVMO 119/2 (1990), 98
        • Shiga Prefecture
          • Ritto-cho
      • Tohoku Region
        • Fukushima Prefecture
          • Iwaki City
    		Mineralogical Journal Vol. 18 (1996) , No. 4 pp 155-160
        • Iwate Prefecture
          • Miyako City
    Kyrgyzstan
     
    • Issyk-Kul'skaya Oblast
      • Inyl'chek Range
        • Muzeinyi Valley
    		Pautov L.A., Ignatenko K.I., Belakovskii D.I. New data on sonolite, - ZVMO, 1990, N3, p.98-101.
    Romania
     
    • Maramureș Co.
    		http://minerals-of-the-carpathians.eu
    • Suceava Co.
      • Suceava district
        • Iacobeni (Jakobeny; Jacobeny; Jakabfalva)
    		http://minerals-of-the-carpathians.eu
    Russia
     
    • Urals Region
      • Middle Urals
        • Sverdlovskaya Oblast'
          • Ekaterinburg (Sverdlovsk)
            • Sedel'nikovo
    		Brusnitsyn A.I. (2000) Rhodonite deposits of Middle Ural, - S.-Peterburg Univercity press, p. 200 (in Rus.).
    Sweden
     
    • Värmland
      • Filipstad
    		Nysten, P., Holtstam, D. and Jonsson, E. (1999) The Långban minerals. In Långban - The mines,their minerals, geology and explorers (D. Holtstam and J. Langhof, eds.), Swedish Museum of Natural History and Raster Förlag, Stockholm & Chr. Weise Verlag, Munich, pp. 89-183. ; K:Gatedal
        • Nordmark (Nordmarksberg)
    		Min.Mag.(1978) 42, 133-136
    Kjell Gatedal
    Mineralogical Magazine (1998) 62 (3), 395-407
        • Persberg district
          • Pajsberg
    		Nysten, P. (1994): Sonolite from Harstigen, Värmland County, central Sweden. GFF 116, 132; Nysten, P. (2004): Harstigen ett mineralogisk eldorado i Bergslagen. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift 28: 5-13.
    Switzerland
     
    • Grischun (Grisons; Graubünden)
      • Engadin
        • Piz Corvatsch
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 379.
    Taiwan
     
    • Taiwan Province
      • Yilan Co. (Ilan Co.)
        • Suao
    		Mayumi Yoshinaga (1963) Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Geology, 14, 1, 1-22.
    USA
     
    • California
      • Nevada Co.
        • Lake of the Pines
    		Huebner, J. Stephen; Flohr, Marta J. (1990) Microbanded manganese formations; protoliths in the Franciscan Complex, California; USGS Professional Paper 1502.
      • Santa Clara Co.
        • Diablo Range
          • Black Wonder District
            • Mount Hamilton
              • San Antonio Valley
    		Pete J. Dunn, Donald R. Peacor, Richard C. Erd, and Robert A. Ramik (1986) Franciscanite and örebroite, two new minerals from California and Sweden, related to redefined welinite. American Mineralogist, 71:1522-1526.
    • Massachusetts
      • Hampshire Co.
        • Plainfield
    		"Western Massachusetts Mineral Localities" by Alan Plante, Valley Geology Press, 1992.
    • New Jersey
      • Sussex Co.
        • Franklin Mining District
          • Franklin
    		Cook, D.K.: Am.Min.:54:1392-1398 (1969); Dunn, P.J.: Am.Min.:70:379-387 (1985); Grice, J.D. & Dunn, P.J.: Min.Mag.:58:333-336 (1994); Dunn(1995):Pt3:349-350.
          • Ogdensburg
            • Sterling Hill
    		Grice, J.D. & Dunn, P.J.: Min.Mag.:58:333-336 (1994); Dunn(1995):Pt3:349-350.
    • North Carolina
      • Alleghany Co.
        • Sparta
          • Bald Knob
    		Rocks & Min.: 60:130-135.
    • Virginia
      • Pittsylvania Co.
        • James River-Roanoke River Mn-Fe-Ba District
    		AmMin 88:740-747 (2003)
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