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Sulphohalite

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Searles Lake, San Bernardino Co., California, USA
© Caltech

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Formula:
Na
 
6
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
FCl
System:IsometricColour:Colourless, gray, ...
Hardness:3½
Name:The name is derived from its composition, containing SULFur, plus Greek "hals", salt, alluding to its content of halogens.


Sulphohalite Group

Classification of Sulphohalite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:6/B.12-10
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:7.BD.05

7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
B : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) with additional anions, without H2O
D : With only large cations
Dana 8th edition ID:30.1.7.1

30 : ANHYDROUS SULFATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
1 : (AB)m(XO4)pZq, where m:p>2:1
Hey's CIM Ref.:26.2

26 : Sulphates with Halide
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Type Occurrence of Sulphohalite

Type Locality:Searles Lake, San Bernardino Co., California, USA

Physical Properties of Sulphohalite

Lustre:Vitreous, Greasy
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent
Comment:Luster weak.
Colour:Colourless, gray, greenish yellow; colourless in transmitted light.
Hardness (Mohs):3½

Crystallography of Sulphohalite

Crystal System:Isometric
Class (H-M):m3m (4/m 3 2/m) - Hexoctahedral
Morphology:Crystals commonly dodecahedral; also octahedral, or with combinations of a, o and d.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
Image Loading

Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Horizontal Axis: ° to ° Vertical Axis: % Source Data: Filtered Data:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Optical Data of Sulphohalite

Type:Isotropic

Chemical Properties of Sulphohalite

Formula:
Na
 
6
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
FCl
Essential elements:Cl, F, Na, O, S
All elements listed in formula:Cl, F, Na, O, S

Relationship of Sulphohalite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
7.BD.05Sulfohalite
7.BD.10Galeite
Na
 
15
(SO
 
4
)
 
5
F
 
4
Cl
7.BD.10Schairerite
Na
 
3
(SO
 
4
)(F,Cl)
7.BD.15Kogarkoite
Na
 
3
(SO
 
4
)F
7.BD.20Caracolite
Na
 
3
Pb
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
Cl
7.BD.20Cesanite
Na
 
3
Ca
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
7.BD.20Aiolosite
Na
 
4
Bi(SO
 
4
)
 
3
Cl
7.BD.25Burkeite
Na
 
6
(CO
 
3
)(SO
 
4
)
 
2
7.BD.30Hanksite
Na
 
22
K(SO
 
4
)
 
9
(CO
 
3
)
 
2
Cl
7.BD.35Cannonite
Bi
 
2
(SO
 
4
)O(OH)
 
2
7.BD.40Lanarkite
Pb
 
2
(SO
 
4
)O
7.BD.45Grandreefite
Pb
 
2
(SO
 
4
)F
 
2
7.BD.50Itoite
Pb
 
3
Ge
4+
 
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
O
 
2
(OH)
 
2
7.BD.55Chiluite
Bi
 
3
Te
6+
 
Mo
6+
 
O
 
10.5
7.BD.60Hectorfloresite
Na
 
9
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
(IO
 
3
)
7.BD.65Pseudograndreefite
Pb
 
6
(SO
 
4
)F
 
10
7.BD.70Sundiusite
Pb
 
10
(SO
 
4
)O
 
8
Cl
 
2
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
26.1Kogarkoite
Na
 
3
(SO
 
4
)F
26.3Schairerite
Na
 
3
(SO
 
4
)(F,Cl)
26.4Galeite
Na
 
15
(SO
 
4
)
 
5
F
 
4
Cl
26.5Connellite
Cu
 
19
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
32
Cl
 
4
 · 3H
 
2
O
26.6Chlorothionite
K
 
2
Cu(SO
 
4
)Cl
 
2
26.7Kamchatkite
KCu
 
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
OCl
26.8Spangolite
Cu
 
6
Al(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
12
Cl · 3H
 
2
O
26.9Aubertite
CuAl(SO
 
4
)
 
2
Cl · 14H
 
2
O
26.10Magnesioaubertite
(Mg,Cu)Al(SO
 
4
)
 
2
Cl · 14H
 
2
O
26.11Svyazhinite
(Mg,Mn
2+
 
,Ca)(Al,Fe
3+
 
)(SO
 
4
)
 
2
F · 14H
 
2
O
26.12D'Ansite
Na
 
21
Mg(SO
 
4
)
 
10
Cl
 
3
26.13Anhydrokainite
KMg(SO
 
4
)Cl
26.14Kainite
KMg(SO
 
4
)Cl · 3H
 
2
O
26.15Mosesite
(Hg
 
2
N)(Cl,SO
 
4
,MoO
 
4
) · H
 
2
O
26.16Kleinite
(Hg
 
2
N)(Cl,SO
 
4
) · nH
 
2
O
26.17Wilcoxite
MgAl(SO
 
4
)
 
2
F · 18H
 
2
O
26.18Creedite
Ca
 
3
SO
 
4
Al
 
2
F
 
8
(OH)
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
26.19Lannonite
HCa
 
4
Mg
 
2
Al
 
4
(SO
 
4
)
 
8
F
 
9
 · 32H
 
2
O
26.20Chukhrovite-(Y)
Ca
 
3
(Y,Ce)[F|SO
 
4
|(AlF
 
6
)
 
2
] · 10H
 
2
O
26.21Chukhrovite-(Ce)
Ca
 
3
(Ce,Y)[F|SO
 
4
|(AlF
 
6
)
 
2
] · 10H
 
2
O
26.22Grandreefite
Pb
 
2
(SO
 
4
)F
 
2
26.23Pseudograndreefite
Pb
 
6
(SO
 
4
)F
 
10
26.24Sundiusite
Pb
 
10
(SO
 
4
)O
 
8
Cl
 
2
26.25Caracolite
Na
 
3
Pb
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
Cl
26.26Mammothite
Pb
 
6
Cu
 
4
AlSb
5+
 
O
 
2
(OH)
 
16
Cl
 
4
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
26.27Atlasovite
K(BiO)Cu
 
6
Fe
3+
 
(SO
 
4
)
 
5
O
 
3
Cl
26.28Xitieshanite
Fe
3+
 
(SO
 
4
)Cl · 6H
 
2
O
26.29Nabokoite
KCu
 
7
(SO
 
4
)
 
5
(Te
4+
 
O
 
3
)OCl

Other Names for Sulphohalite

Synonyms:
Sulfohalite
Other Languages:
German:Sulfohalit
Sulphohalit
Russian:Сульфогалит
Spanish:Sulfohalita
Sulphohalita

Other Information

Other Information:Slowly soluble in cold water.
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Sulphohalite

Reference List:

- +
Hidden, W.E. & J.B. MacKintosh (1888), Sulphohalite, a new sodium sulphato-chloride, American Journal of Science, 3rd. series: 36: 463.

Zeitschr. Kristallographie (1889), Band 15: 294.

Penfield, Samuel Lewis (1900), On the chemical composition of sulphohalite: American Journal of Science, 4th. series: 9: 425-428.

E.S. Larsen in Gale and Hicks (1914) American Journal of Science: 38: 273.

Foshag (1920) American Journal of Science: 49: 76.

Foshag, Wm. F. (1933) Sulfohalite and Other Minerals from the Otjiwalundo Salt Pan, South West Africa. American Mineralogist: 18: 431-434.

Pabst (1934) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 89: 514.

Watanabé (1934) Proceedings of the Imperial Academy, Tokyo: 10: 575.

Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Seventh edition, Volume II: 548-549.

American Mineralogist (1963): 48: 485-510.

Sakamoto, Y. (1968) The size, atomic charges and motion of the sulfate radical of symmetry 43m in the crystal of sulfohalite, Na6ClF(SO4)2. Hiroshima University Journal of Science, series C: 32: 101-108.

Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry: 10: 1-112.

Omori, K. (1970) Infrared study of sulphohalite. American Mineralogist: 55: 1879-1910.

Mineralogical Magazine (1975): 40: 131-139.

Internet Links for Sulphohalite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
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  • Sulphohalite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    • Localities for Sulphohalite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Namibia
     
    • Kunene Region
      • Kaokoveld Plateau
    		Specimen in the collection of the Smithsonian Institute, Museum of Natural History
    Foshag, Wm. F. (1933) Sulfohalite and Other Minerals from the Otjiwalundo Salt Pan, South West Africa. American Mineralogist: 18: 431-434; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 549.
    USA
     
    • California
      • San Bernardino Co.
    		Hidden, William Earl & James B. MacKintosh (1888), Sulphohalite a new sodium sulphato-chloride: American Journal of Science, 3rd. series: 36: 464; Penfield, Samuel Lewis (1900), On the chemical composition of sulphohalite: American Journal of Science, 4th. series: 9: 425-428; Pabst, Adolf, Dwight L. Sawyer, Jr. & George S. Switzer (1963), Galeite and related phases in the system Na2SO4.NaF.NaCl: American Mineralogist: 48: 485; Smith, George Irving & D.V. Haines (1964), Character and distribution of nonclastic minerals in the Searles Lake evaporite deposit, California: USGS Bulletin 1181-P: 27; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 281-283; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 340, 549; Mineralogical Magazine (1975): 40: 131; Mineralogical Record (2007): 38: 213.; Gale, Hoyt Stoddard (1915), Mineralogy of the Searles Lake deposits in Salines in the Owens, Searles, and Panamint basins, southeastern California: USGS Bulletin 580: 296-308
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