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Tilasite

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Big Photo

Fuchs Quarry, Hartkoppe, Sailauf, Hösbach, Spessart, Franconia, Bavaria, Germany
© Stephan Wolfsried

Show Tilasite Photos (46)



Formula:
CaMg(AsO
 
4
)F
System:MonoclinicColour:Light gray, violet-gray, ...
Hardness:5
Member of:Tilasite Group
Name:Named after Daniel Tilas (1712-1772), Swedish mining engineer.
Isostructural with:Titanite


Tilasite Group. Durangite-Tilasite Series, Maxwellite-Tilasite Series.

Classification of Tilasite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:7/B.25-30
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:8.BH.10

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
B : Phosphates, etc., with additional anions, without H2O
H : With medium-sized and large cations, (OH,etc.):RO4 = 1:1
Dana 8th edition ID:41.5.6.1

41 : ANHYDROUS PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
5 : (AB)2(XO4)Zq
Hey's CIM Ref.:22.1.29

22 : Phosphates, Arsenates or Vanadates with other Anions
1 : Phosphates, arsenates or vanadates with fluoride
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Type Occurrence of Tilasite

Type Locality:Långban, Filipstad, Värmland, Sweden
General Appearance of Type Material:Grains or veinlets in dolomitic limestone bearing Hausmannite.
Year of Discovery:1895
Associated Minerals at type locality:
PyrochroitePyroauriteHematiteHausmanniteDixenite
CalciteBerzeliiteBaryteAllactite

Physical Properties of Tilasite

Lustre:Vitreous, Resinous
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Translucent
Colour:Light gray, violet-gray, pinkish red (Långban); olive-green, apple-green (India); colourless or pale green in transmitted light.
Hardness (Mohs):5
Tenacity:Brittle
Cleavage:Distinct/Good
On {101}, good.
Parting:On {133}, {102}, and on {011}.
Density (measured):3.75 - 3.79 g/cm3
Density (calculated):3.78 g/cm3

Crystallography of Tilasite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Class (H-M):m - Domatic
Space Group:Bb {B1 1b} {Cc} {C1c1}
Cell Parameters:a = 6.681(2) Å, b = 8.950(2) Å, c = 7.573(2) Å
β = 121.14(2)°
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.746 : 1 : 0.846
Unit Cell Volume:V 387.58 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:Crystals elongated [100] and also flattened on {010} at times; occasionally aggregate into sub-parallel groups. Massive.
Twinning:On {001}, common as symmetrical contact twins.
Comment:Non-standard unit-cell (standard cell, with beta <120°: 6.681, 8.950, 7.046 A, 113.10°).
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
Image Loading

Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Horizontal Axis: ° to ° Vertical Axis: % Source Data: Filtered Data:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Optical Data of Tilasite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.640 nβ = 1.660 nγ = 1.675
2V:Measured: 83°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.035

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Moderate
Dispersion:r < v relatively weak

Chemical Properties of Tilasite

Formula:
CaMg(AsO
 
4
)F
Essential elements:As, Ca, F, Mg, O
All elements listed in formula:As, Ca, F, Mg, O

Relationship of Tilasite to other Species

Series:Forms a series with Durangite (see here)
Forms a series with Maxwellite (see here)
Member of:Tilasite Group
Other Members of Group:

- +
Durangite
NaAl(AsO
 
4
)F
Isokite
CaMg(PO
 
4
)F
Lacroixite
NaAl(PO
 
4
)F
Maxwellite
NaFe
3+
 
(AsO
 
4
)F
Panasqueiraite
CaMg(PO
 
4
)(OH,F)
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
8.BH.05Thadeuite
Ca(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH,F)
 
2
8.BH.10Durangite
NaAl(AsO
 
4
)F
8.BH.10Isokite
CaMg(PO
 
4
)F
8.BH.10Lacroixite
NaAl(PO
 
4
)F
8.BH.10Maxwellite
NaFe
3+
 
(AsO
 
4
)F
8.BH.10Panasqueiraite
CaMg(PO
 
4
)(OH,F)
8.BH.15Drugmanite
Pb(Fe
3+
 
,Al)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
8.BH.20Bjarebyite
(Ba,Sr)(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
,Mg)
 
2
Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
3
8.BH.20Cirrolite
Ca
 
3
Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
3
 (?)
8.BH.20Kulanite
Ba(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
2
(Al,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
3
8.BH.20Penikisite
Ba(Mg,Fe
2+
 
,Ca)
 
2
Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
3
8.BH.20Perloffite
Ba(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
3
8.BH.20Johntomaite
BaFe
2+
2
Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
3
8.BH.25Bertossaite
(Li,Na)
 
2
(Ca,Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)Al
 
4
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH,F)
 
4
8.BH.25Palermoite
(Li,Na)
 
2
(Sr,Ca)Al
 
4
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
4
8.BH.30Carminite
PbFe
3+
2
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
8.BH.30Sewardite
CaFe
3+
2
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
8.BH.35Adelite
CaMg(AsO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BH.35Arsendescloizite
PbZn(AsO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BH.35Austinite
CaZn(AsO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BH.35Cobaltaustinite
CaCo(AsO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BH.35Conichalcite
CaCu(AsO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BH.35Duftite
PbCu(AsO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BH.35Gabrielsonite
PbFe(AsO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BH.35Nickelaustinite
Ca(Ni,Zn)(AsO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BH.35Tangeite
CaCu(VO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BH.35Gottlobite
CaMg(VO
 
4
,AsO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BH.35Hermannroseite
CaCu(PO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BH.40Čechite
Pb(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)(VO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BH.40Descloizite
Pb(Zn,Cu)(VO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BH.40Mottramite
PbCu(VO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BH.40Pyrobelonite
PbMn
2+
 
(VO
 
4
)(OH)
8.BH.45Bayldonite
PbCu
 
3
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
8.BH.45Vésigniéite
BaCu
 
3
(VO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
8.BH.50Paganoite
NiBi(AsO
 
4
)O
8.BH.55Jagowerite
BaAl
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
8.BH.55Carlgieseckeite-(Nd)
NaNdCa
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
F
8.BH.60Attakolite
(Ca,Sr)Mn(Al,Fe)
 
4
(HPO
 
4
,PO
 
4
)
 
3
(SiO
 
4
,PO
 
4
)(OH)
 
4
8.BH.65Leningradite
PbCu
 
3
(VO
 
4
)
 
2
Cl
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
22.1.1Amblygonite
LiAl(PO
 
4
)F
22.1.2Lacroixite
NaAl(PO
 
4
)F
22.1.3Natrophosphate
Na
 
7
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
F · 19H
 
2
O
22.1.5Nacaphite
Na
 
2
Ca(PO
 
4
)F
22.1.6Arctite
Na
 
2
Ca
 
4
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
F
22.1.7Nefedovite
Na
 
5
Ca
 
4
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
F
22.1.9Fluorapatite
Ca
 
5
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
F
22.1.10Herderite
CaBePO
 
4
(F,OH)
22.1.11Isokite
CaMg(PO
 
4
)F
22.1.12Panasqueiraite
CaMg(PO
 
4
)(OH,F)
22.1.13Babefphite
BaBePO
 
4
(F,OH)
22.1.14Fluellite
Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)F
 
2
(OH) · 7H
 
2
O
22.1.15Minyulite
KAl
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH,F) · 4H
 
2
O
22.1.16Morinite
NaCa
 
2
Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)F
 
4
 · 2H
 
2
O
22.1.17Bøggildite
Na
 
2
Sr
 
2
Al
 
2
PO
 
4
F
 
9
22.1.18Fluorstrophite
SrCaSr
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
F
22.1.19Viitaniemiite
Na(Ca,Mn
2+
 
)Al(PO
 
4
)(F,OH)
 
3
22.1.20Väyrynenite
Mn
2+
 
Be(PO
 
4
)(OH,F)
22.1.21Maxwellite
NaFe
3+
 
(AsO
 
4
)F
22.1.22Wagnerite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)F
22.1.23Triplite
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)(F,OH)
22.1.24Magniotriplite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)
 
2
PO
 
4
F
22.1.25Zwieselite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
)F
22.1.26Mcauslanite
HFe
2+
3
Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
F · 18H
 
2
O
22.1.27Richellite
CaFe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH,F)
 
2
22.1.28Svabite
Ca
 
5
(AsO
 
4
)
 
3
F
22.1.30Johnbaumite-M
Ca
 
5
(AsO
 
4
)
 
3
OH
22.1.31Durangite
NaAl(AsO
 
4
)F

Other Names for Tilasite

Synonyms:
Fluor-adelite
Other Languages:
German:Tilasit
Russian:Тилазит
Spanish:Tilasita

Other Information

Other Information:Easily soluble in HCl or HNo3.
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Tilasite

Reference List:

- +
Sjögren (1895) Geologiska Föeningens I Stockholm. Förhandlinger, Stockholm, 17, 291-294 (as Fluor-adelite).

Smith and Prior (1911) Mineralogical Magazine: 16: 84.

Aminoff (1923) Geologiska Föeningens I Stockholm. Förhandlinger, Stockholm: 45: 144.

Aminoff (1933) Kungl. Svenska Vetenskap. Handl.: 11, no. 4: 28.

Strunz (1937) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 96: 7.

Kokkoros (1938) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 99: 38.

Strunz (1938) Zentralblatt Mineralien: 59.

Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 827.

American Mineralogist (1972): 57: 1880-1884.

Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte (1994): 289-294.

Internet Links for Tilasite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Tilasite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    • Localities for Tilasite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Algeria
     
    • Skikda Province
      • Azzaba area
    		Heflik W., 1989: Symplectic intergrowths in vulcanites from the Djebel Guettara manganese deposit (Northern Algeria). Mineralogia Polonica, vol. 20(2), 11-28
    Australia
     
    • South Australia
      • Flinders Ranges
        • North Flinders Ranges
          • Leigh Creek
            • Puttapa
    		Elliott, P. (1991): Minerals from the Beltana mine, Puttapa, South Australia. Mineral. Rec. 22, 449-456.
    Germany
     
    • Bavaria
      • Franconia
        • Spessart
          • Hösbach
            • Sailauf
              • Hartkoppe
    		No reference listed
    India
     
    • Madhya Pradesh
      • Jhabua District
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 829.
    Italy
     
    • Aosta Valley
      • Nus
        • Saint-Barthélemy
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007): Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
    • Liguria
      • La Spezia Province
        • Rocchetta Vara
    		Balestra, C., Kolitsch, U., Blass, G., Callegari, A.M., Boiocchi, M., Armellino, G., Ciriotti, M.E., Ambrino, P., Bracco, R. (2009): Mineralogia ligure 2007-2008: novità caratterizzate dal Servizio UK dell’AMI. Micro (UK report), 1/2009, 78-99.
    • Piedmont
      • Cuneo Province
        • Corsaglia Valley
          • Montaldo di Mondovì
            • Borgata Oberti
              • Frazze and Rocconi localities
    		Kolitsch, U., Ciriotti, M.E., Cadoni, M., Armellino, G., Piccoli, G.C., Ambrino, P., Blass, G., Odicino, G., Ciuffardi, M. (2011): Montaldo di Mondovì Minerali della miniera di manganese e ferro. Micro, 9, 4-21.
      • Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province
        • Ossola Valley
          • Baceno
            • Devero Alp (Devero Valley; Val Devero)
    		Graeser S, Rggiani A. G., 1978 - Tilasite del Pizzo Cervandone (Valle devero-Ossola) una specie minerale nuova per l'Italia - Rendiconti S.I.M.P., Milano, vol. 34, (I), pp. 51-53 and Boscardin. M - Informazioni di mineralogia Italiana - 76) Tilasite del M. Cervandone (Ossola) - Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Milano, Vol. 9, fasc. 4, pag. 87 - 1978 and http://www.webmineralshop.com/ Cervandone article& personal collection
    Namibia
     
    • Otjikoto (Oshikoto) Region
      • Tsumeb
    		NHM (London) Collections, analysis by XRD and EDX - M.Rumsey 2006
    Republic of Macedonia
     
    • Veles
    		Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte (1994), 289-94; Canadian Mineralogist (1996): 34: 1287-1297.
    Russia
     
    • Western-Siberian Region
      • Altai Republic (Gorno-Altayskaya Autonomous Oblast')
        • Ust'-Koksa district
    		Vera N. Smol'yaninova data
    Sweden
     
    • Lappland
    		No reference listed
    • Värmland
      • Filipstad
    		Geologiska Föeningens I Stockholm. Förhandlinger, Stockholm (1895) 17, 291-294; Rocks & Min.: 60:243; Nysten, P., Holtstam, D. and Jonsson, E. (1999) The Långban minerals. In Långban - The mines,their minerals, geology and explorers (D. Holtstam and J. Langhof, eds.), Swedish Museum of Natural History and Raster Förlag, Stockholm & Chr. Weise Verlag, Munich, pp. 89-183.
        • Nordmark (Nordmarksberg)
    		K.Gatedal
    Mineralogical Magazine (1998) 62 (3), 395-407; Mineralogical Magazine (1998) 62 (3), 395-407
        • Persberg district
          • Pajsberg
    		Nysten, P. (2004): Harstigen ett mineralogisk eldorado i Bergslagen. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift 28: 5-13
    • Västmanland
      • Hällefors
        • Grythyttan
    		Holtstam, D. (2001): W and V mineralization in Långban-type Fe-Mn deposits: Epigenetic or Syngenetic? Geologiske Föreningen i Stockholm Förhandlingar 123: 29-33
    Switzerland
     
    • Grischun (Grisons; Graubünden)
      • Hinterrhein Valley
        • Ferrera Valley
          • Starlera Valley
    		Brugger et al (2002), Canadian Mineralogist: 40(6): 1597-1608.
      • Oberhalbstein (Surses; Sursass)
        • Tinizong (Tinzen)
    		Mineralogical Record: 32: 211.; Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 360.
    • Wallis (Valais)
      • Binn Valley
        • Kriegalp Valley (Chriegalp Valley)
    Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 403.
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Cochise Co.
        • Mule Mts
          • Warren District
    		No reference listed
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 312.
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 188, 396; Williams, S.A. (1970b), Tilasite from Bisbee, AZ, Min.Rec.: 1: 68-69; Bladh, K.W., et al (1972), The crystal structure of tilasite, Am.Min.: 57: 1880-1884.
    • New Jersey
      • Sussex Co.
        • Franklin Mining District
          • Ogdensburg
            • Sterling Hill
    		Parker, F. J. (1978): Mineralogical Record: 9: 385-386; Dunn, Pete J. (1995): Franklin and Sterling Hill New Jersey: the world’s most magnificent mineral deposits, part: 5 : 683.
    • New Mexico
      • Sierra Co.
    		Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd Rev. Ed., 1996
    Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
    Mineral and/or Locality
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    Copyright © Jolyon Ralph and Ida Chau 1993-2013. Site Map. Locality, mineral & photograph data are the copyright of the individuals who submitted them. Further information contact the Site hosted & developed by Jolyon Ralph. Mindat.org is an online information resource dedicated to providing free mineralogical information to all. Mindat relies on the contributions of hundreds of members and supporters. Mindat does not offer minerals for sale. If you would like to add information to improve the quality of our database, then click here to register.
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