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Tilasite

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Långban, Filipstad, Värmland, Sweden
© 2005 M. Kampf

Show Tilasite Photos (34)
Formula:
CaMg[F|AsO
 
4
]
System:MonoclinicColour:Light gray, violet-gray, ...
Hardness:5
Name:Named after Daniel Tilas (1712-1772), Swedish mining engineer.
Isostructural with:Titanite


Tilasite Group. Durangite-Tilasite Series, Maxwellite-Tilasite Series.

Classification of Tilasite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:7/B.25-30
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:8.BH.10

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
B : Phosphates, etc., with additional anions, without H2O
H : With medium-sized and large cations, (OH,etc.):RO4 = 1:1
Dana 8th edition ID:41.5.6.1

41 : ANHYDROUS PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
5 : (AB)2(XO4)Zq
Hey's CIM Ref.:22.1.29

22 : Phosphates, Arsenates or Vanadates with other Anions
1 : Phosphates, arsenates or vanadates with fluoride
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Type Occurrence of Tilasite

Type Locality:Långban, Filipstad, Värmland, Sweden
General Appearance of Type Material:Grains or veinlets in dolomitic limestone bearing Hausmannite.
Year of Discovery:1895
Associated Minerals at type locality:
PyrochroitePyroauriteHematiteHausmanniteDixenite
CalciteBerzeliiteBaryteAllactite

Physical Properties of Tilasite

Lustre:Vitreous, Resinous
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Translucent
Colour:Light gray, violet-gray, pinkish red (Långban); olive-green, apple-green (India); colourless or pale green in transmitted light.
Hardness (Mohs):5
Tenacity:Brittle
Cleavage:Distinct/Good
On {101}, good.
Parting:On {133}, {102}, and on {011}.
Density (measured):3.75 - 3.79 g/cm3
Density (calculated):3.78 g/cm3

Crystallography of Tilasite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Class (H-M):m - Domatic
Space Group:Bb {B1 1b} {Cc} {C1c1}
Cell Parameters:a = 6.681(2) Å, b = 8.950(2) Å, c = 7.573(2) Å
β = 121.14(2)°
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.746 : 1 : 0.846
Unit Cell Volume:V 387.58 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:Crystals elongated [100] and also flattened on {010} at times; occasionally aggregate into sub-parallel groups. Massive.
Twinning:On {001}, common as symmetrical contact twins.
Comment:Non-standard unit-cell (standard cell, with beta <120°: 6.681, 8.950, 7.046 A, 113.10°).
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
Image Loading

Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Horizontal Axis: ° to ° Vertical Axis: % Source Data: Filtered Data: Peaks:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Optical Data of Tilasite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.640 nβ = 1.660 nγ = 1.675
2V:Measured: 83°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.035

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Moderate
Dispersion:r < v relatively weak

Chemical Properties of Tilasite

Formula:
CaMg[F|AsO
 
4
]
Essential elements:As, Ca, F, Mg, O
All elements listed in formula:As, Ca, F, Mg, O

Relationship of Tilasite to other Species

Series:Forms a series with Durangite (see here)
Forms a series with Maxwellite (see here)
Member of Group:
Tilasite Group:
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
8.BH.05Thadeuite
Ca(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
3
[(OH,F)|PO
 
4
]
 
2
8.BH.10Durangite
NaAl[F|AsO
 
4
]
8.BH.10Isokite
CaMg[F|PO
 
4
]
8.BH.10Lacroixite
NaAl[F|PO
 
4
]
8.BH.10Maxwellite
NaFe
3+
 
[F|AsO
 
4
]
8.BH.10Panasqueiraite
CaMg[(OH,F)|PO
 
4
]
8.BH.15Drugmanite
Pb(Fe
3+
 
,Al)
 
2
[OH|PO
 
4
]
 
2
8.BH.20Bjarebyite
(Ba,Sr)(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
,Mg)
 
2
Al
 
2
[OH|PO
 
4
]
 
3
8.BH.20Cirrolite
near Ca
 
3
Al
 
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
3
8.BH.20Kulanite
Ba(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
2
(Al,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
[OH|PO
 
4
]
 
3
8.BH.20Penikisite
Ba(Mg,Fe
2+
 
,Ca)
 
2
Al
 
2
[OH|PO
 
4
]
 
3
8.BH.20Perloffite
Ba(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
Fe
3+
2
[OH|PO
 
4
]
 
3
8.BH.20Johntomaite
BaFe
2+
2
Fe
3+
2
[OH|PO
 
4
]
 
3
8.BH.25Bertossaite
(Li,Na)
 
2
(Ca,Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)Al
 
4
[(OH,F)|PO
 
4
]
 
4
8.BH.25Palermoite
(Li,Na)
 
2
(Sr,Ca)Al
 
4
[PO
 
4
]
 
4
(OH)
 
4
8.BH.30Carminite
PbFe
3+
2
[OH|AsO
 
4
]
 
2
8.BH.30Sewardite
CaFe
3+
2
(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
8.BH.35Adelite
CaMg[AsO
 
4
](OH)
8.BH.35Arsendescloizite
PbZn[OH|AsO
 
4
]
8.BH.35Austinite
CaZn[OH|AsO
 
4
]
8.BH.35Cobaltaustinite
CaCo[OH|AsO
 
4
]
8.BH.35Conichalcite
CaCu[OH|AsO
 
4
]
8.BH.35Duftite
PbCu[OH|AsO
 
4
]
8.BH.35Gabrielsonite
PbFe[OH|AsO
 
4
]
8.BH.35Nickelaustinite
Ca(Ni,Zn)[OH|AsO
 
4
]
8.BH.35Tangeite
CaCu[OH|VO
 
4
]
8.BH.35Gottlobite
CaMg[OH|(VO
 
4
,AsO
 
4
)]
8.BH.40Čechite
Pb(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)[OH|VO
 
4
]
8.BH.40Descloizite
Pb(Zn,Cu)[OH|VO
 
4
]
8.BH.40Mottramite
Pb(Cu,Zn)[OH|VO
 
4
]
8.BH.40Pyrobelonite
PbMn
2+
 
[OH|VO
 
4
]
8.BH.45Bayldonite
Cu
 
3
Pb[OH|AsO
 
4
]
 
2
8.BH.45Vésigniéite
BaCu
 
3
[OH|VO
 
4
]
 
2
8.BH.50Paganoite
NiBi[O|AsO
 
4
]
8.BH.55Jagowerite
BaAl
 
2
[OH|PO
 
4
]
 
2
8.BH.60Attakolite
(Ca,Sr)Mn(Al,Fe)
 
4
[(OH)
 
4
|(SiO
 
4
,PO
 
4
)|(HPO
 
4
,PO
 
4
)
 
3
]
8.BH.65Leningradite
PbCu
 
3
[Cl|VO
 
4
]
 
2
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
22.1.1Amblygonite
LiAl[(F,OH)|PO
 
4
]
22.1.2Lacroixite
NaAl[F|PO
 
4
]
22.1.3Natrophosphate
Na
 
7
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
F·19H
 
2
O
22.1.5Nacaphite
Na
 
2
Ca[F|PO
 
4
]
22.1.6Arctite
Na
 
2
Ca
 
4
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
F
22.1.7Nefedovite
Na
 
5
Ca
 
4
(PO
 
4
)
 
4
F
22.1.9Apatite-(CaF)
Ca
 
5
[F|(PO
 
4
)
 
3
]
22.1.10Herderite
CaBe[(F,OH)|PO
 
4
]
22.1.11Isokite
CaMg[F|PO
 
4
]
22.1.12Panasqueiraite
CaMg[(OH,F)|PO
 
4
]
22.1.13Babefphite
BaBe[(F,OH)|PO
 
4
]
22.1.14Fluellite
Al
 
2
[F
 
2
|OH|PO
 
4
] · 7H
 
2
O
22.1.15Minyulite
KAl
 
2
[(OH,F)|(PO
 
4
)
 
2
] · 4H
 
2
O
22.1.16Morinite
Na
 
2
Ca
 
4
Al
 
4
[(F,OH)
 
5
|(PO
 
4
)
 
2
]
 
2
 · 3H
 
2
O
22.1.17Bøggildite
Na
 
2
Sr
 
2
Al
 
2
PO
 
4
F
 
9
22.1.18Apatite-(SrOH)
(Sr,Ca)
 
5
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH,F)
22.1.19Viitaniemiite
Na(Ca,Mn
2+
 
)Al[(F,OH)
 
3
|PO
 
4
]
22.1.20Väyrynenite
Mn
2+
 
Be[(OH,F)|PO
 
4
]
22.1.21Maxwellite
NaFe
3+
 
[F|AsO
 
4
]
22.1.22Wagnerite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
[F|PO
 
4
]
22.1.23Triplite
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
[(F,OH)|PO
 
4
]
22.1.24Magniotriplite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)
 
2
[F|PO
 
4
]
22.1.25Zwieselite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)
 
2
[F|PO
 
4
]
22.1.26Mcauslanite
HFe
2+
3
Al
 
2
[F|(PO
 
4
)
 
4
] · 18H
 
2
O
22.1.27Richellite
Ca
 
3
Fe
3+
10
[(OH,F)
 
3
|(PO
 
4
)
 
2
]
 
4
 · nH
 
2
O (not confirmed)
22.1.28Svabite
Ca
 
5
[(F,Cl,OH)|(AsO
 
4
)
 
3
]
22.1.30Fermorite
(Ca,Sr)
 
5
(AsO
 
4
,PO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
22.1.31Durangite
NaAl[F|AsO
 
4
]

Other Names for Tilasite

Synonyms:
Fluor-adelite
Other Languages:
German:Tilasit
Russian:Тилазит
Spanish:Tilasita

Other Information

Other Information:Easily soluble in HCl or HNo3.
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Tilasite

Reference List:Sjögren (1895) Geologiska Föeningens I Stockholm. Förhandlinger, Stockholm, 17, 291-294 (as Fluor-adelite).

Smith and Prior (1911) Mineralogical Magazine: 16: 84.

Aminoff (1923) Geologiska Föeningens I Stockholm. Förhandlinger, Stockholm: 45: 144.

Aminoff (1933) Kungl. Svenska Vetenskap. Handl.: 11, no. 4: 28.

Strunz (1937) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 96: 7.

Kokkoros (1938) Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig: 99: 38.

Strunz (1938) Zentralblatt Mineralien: 59.

Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 827.

American Mineralogist (1972): 57: 1880-1884.

Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte (1994): 289-294.

Internet Links for Tilasite

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    Localities for Tilasite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • South Australia
      • Flinders Ranges
        • North Flinders Ranges
          • Puttapa
    		Elliott, P. (1991): Minerals from the Beltana mine, Puttapa, South Australia. Mineral. Rec. 22, 449-456.
    Germany
     
    • Bavaria
      • Franconia
        • Spessart Mts
          • Hösbach
            • Sailauf
              • Hartkoppe Mt.
    		No reference listed
    India
     
    • Madhya Pradesh
      • Jhabua District
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 829.
    Italy
     
    • Aosta Valley
      • Nus
        • Saint-Barthélemy
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007): Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
    • Liguria
      • La Spezia Province
        • Rocchetta Vara
    		Balestra, C. (2008): Sistematica ligure 2008. Prie, 4/2008, 141-145.
    • Piedmont
      • Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province
        • Ossola Valley
          • Baceno
            • Devero Alp (Devero Valley; Val Devero)
    		Graeser S, Rggiani A. G., 1978 - Tilasite del Pizzo Cervandone (Valle devero-Ossola) una specie minerale nuova per l'Italia - Rendiconti S.I.M.P., Milano, vol. 34, (I), pp. 51-53 and Boscardin. M - Informazioni di mineralogia Italiana - 76) Tilasite del M. Cervandone (Ossola) - Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Milano, Vol. 9, fasc. 4, pag. 87 - 1978 and http://www.webmineralshop.com/ Cervandone article& personal collection
    Namibia
     
    • Otjikoto (Oshikoto) Region
      • Tsumeb
    		NHM (London) Collections, analysis by XRD and EDX - M.Rumsey 2006
    Republic of Macedonia
     
    • Veles
    		Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte (1994), 289-94; Canadian Mineralogist (1996): 34: 1287-1297.
    Russia
     
    • Western-Siberian Region
      • Altai Republic (Gorno-Altayskaya Autonomous Oblast')
        • Ust'-Koksa district
    		Vera N. Smol'yaninova data
    Sweden
     
    • Lappland
    		No reference listed
    • Värmland
      • Filipstad
    		Geologiska Föeningens I Stockholm. Förhandlinger, Stockholm (1895) 17, 291-294; Rocks & Min.: 60:243; Nysten, P., Holtstam, D. and Jonsson, E. (1999) The Långban minerals. In Långban - The mines,their minerals, geology and explorers (D. Holtstam and J. Langhof, eds.), Swedish Museum of Natural History and Raster Förlag, Stockholm & Chr. Weise Verlag, Munich, pp. 89-183.
        • Nordmark
    		K.Gatedal
    Mineralogical Magazine (1998) 62 (3), 395-407; Mineralogical Magazine (1998) 62 (3), 395-407
        • Pajsberg
    		Kjell Gatedal; Nysten, P. (2004): Harstigen ett mineralogisk eldorado i Bergslagen. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift 28: 5-13
    Switzerland
     
    • Grischun (Grisons; Graubünden)
      • Albula Valley
        • Oberhalbstein (Surses; Sursass)
          • Tinizong (Tinzen)
    		Mineralogical Record: 32: 211.; Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 360.
      • Hinterrhein Valley
        • Ferrera Valley
          • Starlera Valley
    		Brugger et al (2002), Canadian Mineralogist: 40(6): 1597-1608.
    • Wallis (Valais)
      • Binn Valley
        • Kriegalp Valley (Chriegalp Valley)
    Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 403.
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Cochise Co.
        • Mule Mts
          • Warren District
    		No reference listed
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 312.
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 188, 396; Williams, S.A. (1970b), Tilasite from Bisbee, AZ, Min.Rec.: 1: 68-69; Bladh, K.W., et al (1972), The crystal structure of tilasite, Am.Min.: 57: 1880-1884.
    • New Jersey
      • Sussex Co.
        • Franklin Mining District
          • Ogdensburg
            • Sterling Hill
    		Parker, F. J. (1978): Mineralogical Record: 9: 385-386; Dunn, Pete J. (1995): Franklin and Sterling Hill New Jersey: the world’s most magnificent mineral deposits, part: 5 : 683.
    • New Mexico
      • Sierra Co.
    		Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd Rev. Ed., 1996
    Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
    Mineral and/or Locality
    Google
     
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