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Kapundaite

A valid IMA mineral species
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02622150014947332009768.jpg
Kapundaite

Tom's Quarry, Kapunda, North Mt Lofty Ranges, Mt Lofty Ranges, South Australia, Australia
04100900014977279878417.jpg
Kapundaite

Tom's Quarry, Kapunda, North Mt Lofty Ranges, Mt Lofty Ranges, South Australia, Australia
00419780017057642537425.jpg
Kapundaite

Tom's Quarry, Kapunda, North Mt Lofty Ranges, Mt Lofty Ranges, South Australia, Australia
02622150014947332009768.jpg
Kapundaite

Tom's Quarry, Kapunda, North Mt Lofty Ranges, Mt Lofty Ranges, South Australia, Australia
02300380014960855192413.jpg
Kapundaite

Tom's Quarry, Kapunda, North Mt Lofty Ranges, Mt Lofty Ranges, South Australia, Australia
00419780017057642537425.jpg
Kapundaite

Tom's Quarry, Kapunda, North Mt Lofty Ranges, Mt Lofty Ranges, South Australia, Australia
02622150014947332009768.jpg
Kapundaite

Tom's Quarry, Kapunda, North Mt Lofty Ranges, Mt Lofty Ranges, South Australia, Australia
04100900014977279878417.jpg
Kapundaite

Tom's Quarry, Kapunda, North Mt Lofty Ranges, Mt Lofty Ranges, South Australia, Australia
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About KapundaiteHide

00902410014947332017632.jpg
View of the pit

Tom's Quarry, Kapunda, North Mt Lofty Ranges, Mt Lofty Ranges, South Australia, Australia
Formula:
NaCaFe4(PO4)4(OH)3 · 5H2O
Colour:
Pale to golden yellow
Lustre:
Silky
Hardness:
3
Specific Gravity:
2.93
Crystal System:
Triclinic
Name:
Named for Kapunda, Australia, the town closest to the type locality.
Structurally related to mélonjosephite.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
39673
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:39673:6
GUID
(UUID V4):
4ef25dc3-315f-43c1-895c-3714906f8fbd

IMA Classification of KapundaiteHide

Classification of KapundaiteHide

Strunz-mindat (2024):
8.DH.80

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
D : Phosphates, etc. with additional anions, with H2O
H : With large and medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 < 1:1
Dana 8th ed.:
42.11.28.

42 : HYDRATED PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
11 : (AB)3(XO4)2Zq·xH2O

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference
KpdIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of KapundaiteHide

Lustre:
Silky
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Pale to golden yellow
Streak:
Yellow
Hardness:
3 on Mohs scale
Hardness Data:
Estimated
Tenacity:
Flexible
Cleavage:
None Observed
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
2.93(3) g/cm3 (Measured)    2.917 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of KapundaiteHide

Type:
Uniaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.717(3) nβ = 1.737(3) nγ = 1.790(3)
2V:
Calculated: 64.7°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.073
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
High
Dispersion:
None observed
Optical Extinction:
Z = b, Y ≈ c.
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
X = nearly colorless, Y = light brown, Z = pale brown.
Comments:
Absorption: Y > Z > X.

Chemistry of KapundaiteHide

Mindat Formula:
NaCaFe4(PO4)4(OH)3 · 5H2O
Elements listed:
Ca, Fe, H, Na, O, P - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of KapundaiteHide

Crystal System:
Triclinic
Class (H-M):
1 - Pinacoidal
Space Group:
P1
Cell Parameters:
a = 6.317(5) Å, b = 7.698(6) Å, c = 9.768(7) Å
α = 105.53(1)°, β = 99.24(2)°, γ = 90.09(2)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.821 : 1 : 1.269
Unit Cell V:
451.2 ų
Z:
1
Morphology:
Type material:
The primary form is {100}. Other forms in the [010] zone are present, but cannot be measured. Flattened terminations suggest that {010} is also present.
Twinning:
None observed.

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
9.338 Å(100)
7.442 Å(37)
5.173 Å(52)
3.828 Å(45)
3.123 Å(34)
2.817 Å(33)
2.753 Å(64)
2.417 Å(48)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Near-surface Processes
21 : Chemically precipitated carbonate, phosphate, iron formations
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event<2.4
47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals]
47c : [Carbonates, phosphates, borates, nitrates]

Type Occurrence of KapundaiteHide

Type Locality:
ⓘ Tom's Quarry, Kapunda, North Mt Lofty Ranges, Mt Lofty Ranges, South Australia, Australia
General Appearance of Type Material:
Cavernous aggregates of fibers to several cm. Crystals are very thin flattened fibers to a few mm long, but only a few microns thick. The fibers occur in subparallel bundles, compact compact radial sprays, and feathery curving masses.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Co-type specimens:
Mineral Sciences Department, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, California, USA, catalog 62495.
Museum Victoria, Melbourne, Australia, number M51138.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Phosphorite horizons in Cambrian marine sediments that were modified by metamorphism, followed by weathering and secondary enrichment.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
NatrodufréniteMeurigite-NaLeucophosphite
Reference:
Mills, S.J., Birch, W.D., Kampf, A.R., Christy, A.G., Pluth, J.J., Pring, A., Raudsepp, M., Chen, Yu-S. (2010): Kapundaite, a new phosphate species from Toms quarry, South Australia: description and structural relationship to mélonjosephite. American Mineralogist, 95, 754-760.
Download:
https://rruff.info/rruff_1.0/uploads/AM95_754.pdf

Synonyms of KapundaiteHide

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
4 photos of Kapundaite associated with Goethiteα-Fe3+O(OH)
3 photos of Kapundaite associated with NatrodufréniteNaFe2+Fe3+5(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
3 photos of Kapundaite associated with PhosphosideriteFePO4 · 2H2O
2 photos of Kapundaite associated with StewartiteMn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 8H2O
2 photos of Kapundaite associated with RhodochrositeMnCO3
2 photos of Kapundaite associated with MitridatiteCa2Fe3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2O
1 photo of Kapundaite associated with LeucophosphiteKFe3+2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2O
1 photo of Kapundaite associated with CyriloviteNaFe3+3(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O
1 photo of Kapundaite associated with MinyuliteKAl2(PO4)2F · 4H2O

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

8.DH.FerroberauniteFe2+Fe3+5(PO4)4(OH)5 · 6H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
8.DH.Rowleyite[Na(NH4,K)9Cl4][V5+,4+2(P,As)O8]6 · n[H2O,Na,NH4,K,Cl]Iso.
8.DH.Ammoniotinsleyite(NH4)Al2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2OMon. 2/m : P21/m
8.DH.Thebaite-(NH4)(NH4)3Al(C2O4)(PO3OH)2(H2O)Mon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DH.Dendoraite-(NH4)(NH4)2NaAl(C2O4)(PO3OH)2(H2O)2Mon. 2/m
8.DH.Whiteite-(MnMnMn)Mn2+Mn2+Mn2+2Al2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.Whiteite-(CaMnFe)CaMnFe2Al2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m
8.DH.HochleitneriteMn2Ti3(PO4)4O2(H2O)2 · 14H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.RegeriteKFe6(PO4)4(OH)7(H2O)6 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DH.Hydroxylbenyacarite(H2O)2Mn2(Ti2Fe)(PO4)4[O(OH)](H2O)10 · 4H2O Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.MacraeiteK(H2O)Mn2(Fe2Ti)(PO4)4[O(OH)](H2O)10 · 4H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DH.05MinyuliteKAl2(PO4)2F · 4H2OOrth. mm2 : Pba2
8.DH.10LeucophosphiteKFe3+2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DH.10Spheniscidite(NH4,K)(Fe3+,Al)2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2OMon. 2/m
8.DH.10TinsleyiteKAl2(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2OMon.
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(CaMnFe){Ca}{Mn2+}{Fe2+2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(CaMnMg){Ca}{Mn2+}{(Mg,Fe2+)2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(CaMnMn){Ca}{Mn2+}{Mn2+2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15KeckiteCaMn2+(Fe3+Mn2+)Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)3 · 7H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Rittmannite{(Mn2+,Ca)}{Mn2+}{(Fe2+,Mn2+,Mg)2}{(Al,Fe3+)2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Whiteite-(CaFeMg){Ca}{(Fe2+,Mn2+)}{Mg2}{Al2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DH.15Whiteite-(CaMnMg){Ca}{Mn2+}{Mg2}{Al2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m
8.DH.15Whiteite-(MnFeMg){(Mn2+,Ca)}{(Fe2+,Mn2+)}{Mg2}{Al2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(MnMnMn){Mn2+}{Mn2+}{Mn2+2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DH.15Kaluginite(Mn2+,Ca)MgFe3+(PO4)2(OH) · 4H2OOrth.
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(CaFeFe){Ca}{Fe2+}{Fe2+2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon.
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(NaFeMg)NaFe3+Mg2Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(NaMnMg){(Na,Ca)}{(Mn2+,Fe3+)}{(Mg,Fe3+)2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(CaMgMg){Ca}{Mg}{Mg2}{Fe3+2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O
8.DH.15Whiteite-(CaMnMn){Ca}{Mn2+}{Mn2}{Al2}(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Whiteite-(MnMnMg)MnMnMg2Al2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(MnMnMg)Mn2+Mn2+Mg2Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(CaFeMg)CaFe2+Mg2Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(MnMnFe)Mn2+Mn2+Fe2+2Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Whiteite-(CaMgMg)CaMg3Al2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(MnMnZn)Mn2+Mn2+Zn2Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(NaMnMn)NaMn2+(Mn2+Fe3+)Σ2Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.15Jahnsite-(CaMnZn)CaMn2+Zn2Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OMon. 2/m : P2/b
8.DH.20Lun'okite(Mn,Ca)(Mg,Fe,Mn)Al(PO4)2OH · 4H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.20Manganosegelerite(Mn2+,Ca)(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)Fe3+(PO4)2(OH) · 4H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.20OveriteCaMgAl(PO4)2(OH) · 4H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.20SegeleriteCa2 Mg2 Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pcca
8.DH.20WilhelmvierlingiteCaMnFe3+(PO4)2(OH) · 2H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.20JuonniiteCaMgSc(PO4)2(OH) · 4H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.25CalcioferriteCa2Fe3+2(PO4)3(OH) · 7H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
8.DH.25KingsmountiteCa3MnFeAl4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 12H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DH.25MontgomeryiteCa4MgAl4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 12H2OMon. 2 : B2
8.DH.25ZodaciteCa4Mn2+Fe3+4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 12H2OMon.
8.DH.25FanfaniiteCa4MnAl4(PO4)6(OH)4 · 12H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
8.DH.30ArseniosideriteCa2Fe3+3(AsO4)3O2 · 3H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
8.DH.30KolfaniteCa2Fe3+3O2(AsO4)3 · 2H2OMon.
8.DH.30MitridatiteCa2Fe3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2OMon. 2/m : B2/b
8.DH.30PararobertsiteCa2Mn3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b
8.DH.30RobertsiteCa2Mn3+3(PO4)3O2 · 3H2OMon. m : Bb
8.DH.30Sailaufite(Ca,Na,◻)2Mn3+3(AsO4)2(CO3)O2 · 3H2OMon. m : Bm
8.DH.35MantienneiteKMg2Al2Ti(PO4)4(OH)3 · 15H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.35PaulkerriteK(Mg,Mn2+)2(Fe3+,Al,Ti,Mg)2Ti(PO4)4(OH)3 · 15H2OMon. m
8.DH.35Benyacarite(H2O)2Mn2Ti2Fe3+(PO4)4(OF)(H2O)10 · 4H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
8.DH.40XanthoxeniteCa4Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 3H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DH.45MahnertiteNaCu3(AsO4)2Cl · 5H2OTet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I4/mmm
8.DH.50AndyrobertsiteKCdCu5(AsO4)4(H2AsO4) · 2H2OMon. 2/m : P21/m
8.DH.50CalcioandyrobertsiteKCaCu5(AsO4)4(H2AsO4) · 2H2OMon. 2/m : P21/m
8.DH.55EnglishiteK3Na2Ca10Al15(PO4)21(OH)7 · 26H2OMon. 2/m
8.DH.60BouazzeriteBi6(Mg,Co)11Fe3+14(AsO4)18(OH)4O12 · 86H2OMon. 2/m
8.DH.65GalliskiiteCa4Al2(PO4)2F8 · 5H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DH.70JoteiteCa2CuAl(AsO4)[AsO3(OH)]2(OH)2 · 5H2OTric. 1 : P1
8.DH.75KampeliteBa6Mg3Sc8(PO4)12(OH)6 · 7H2OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
8.DH.85VaniniiteCa2Mn2+3Mn3+2O2(AsO4)4 · 2H2OMon. 2/m : P21/b

Fluorescence of KapundaiteHide

In UV light:
Not fluorescent

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for KapundaiteHide

References for KapundaiteHide

Localities for KapundaiteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia (TL)
 
  • South Australia
    • Mt Lofty Ranges
      • North Mt Lofty Ranges
        • Kapunda
Mills et al. (2010)
France
 
  • Occitanie
    • Aveyron
      • Villefranche-de-Rouergue
        • La Capelle-Bleys
Gayraud et al. (2011)
Italy
 
  • Trentino-Alto Adige (Trentino-South Tyrol)
    • Trento Province (Trentino)
      • Rabbi
        • Ceresè
Vignola et al. (2018)
USA
 
  • Maine
    • Oxford County
      • Greenwood
        • Uncle Tom Mountain
- (n.d.) +4 other references
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