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Tooeleite

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U.S. Mine (Gold Hill Mine), Gold Hill, Gold Hill District (Clifton District), Deep Creek Mts, Tooele Co., Utah, USA
© Brent Thorne

Formula:
Fe
3+
6
(AsO
 
3
)
 
4
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
4
· 4H
 
2
O
System:MonoclinicColour:Orange
Hardness:3
Name:Named after its discovery locality, Gold Hill, Tooele County, Utah, USA


The only arsenite-sulfate known in Nature.

Classification of Tooeleite

IMA status:Approved 1990
Strunz 8th edition ID:7/D.05-50
Strunz 9th edition ID:4.JD.
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:4.JD.15

4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
J : Arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites; iodates
D : Arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites; with additional anions, with H2O
Dana 8th edition ID:42.12.5.1

42 : HYDRATED PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
12 : (AB)4(XO4)3Zq·xH2O
Hey's CIM Ref.:22.3.29

22 : Phosphates, Arsenates or Vanadates with other Anions
3 : Phosphates, arsenates or vanadates with sulphates
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Type Occurrence of Tooeleite

Type Locality:U.S. Mine (Gold Hill Mine), Gold Hill, Gold Hill District (Clifton District), Deep Creek Mts, Tooele Co., Utah, USA

Physical Properties of Tooeleite

Colour:Orange
Hardness (Mohs):3
Density (calculated):3.16 g/cm3

Crystallography of Tooeleite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Class (H-M):2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:B2/m (B1 1 2/m) [C2/m] {C1 2/m 1}
Cell Parameters:a = 8.9575Å, b = 6.4238Å, c = 9.791Å
β = 96.032°
Ratio:a:b:c = 1.394 : 1 : 1.524
Unit Cell Volume:V 560.27 ų
Z:1

Optical Data of Tooeleite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.940 nβ = 2.040 - 2.050 nγ = 2.050 - 2.060
2V:Calculated: 32°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.110 - 0.120

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Very High
Dispersion:r > v slight

Chemical Properties of Tooeleite

Formula:
Fe
3+
6
(AsO
 
3
)
 
4
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
4
· 4H
 
2
O
Essential elements:As, Fe, H, O
All elements listed in formula:As, Fe, H, O, S
Common Impurities:S

Relationship of Tooeleite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
4.JD.05Nealite
Pb
 
4
Fe
2+
 
[Cl
 
2
|AsO
 
3
]
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
4.JD.10Seelite
Mg(UO
 
2
)(AsO
 
3
)
 
0.7
(AsO
 
4
)
 
0.3
·7H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
22.3.1Parnauite
Cu
 
9
[(OH)
 
10
|SO
 
4
|(AsO
 
4
)
 
2
] · 7H
 
2
O
22.3.2Ardealite
Ca
 
2
[HPO
 
4
|SO
 
4
] · 4H
 
2
O
22.3.3Machatschkiite
(Ca,Na)
 
6
AsO
 
4
(AsO
 
3
OH)
 
3
(PO
 
4
,SO
 
4
)·15H
 
2
O
22.3.4Clinotyrolite
Ca
 
2
Cu
 
9
[(OH,O)
 
10
|(AsO
 
4
,SO
 
4
)
 
4
] · 10H
 
2
O
22.3.5Peisleyite
Na
 
3
Al
 
16
[SO
 
4
|(PO
 
4
)
 
5
]
 
2
 · 20H
 
2
O
22.3.6Chalcophyllite
Cu
 
18
Al
 
2
[(OH)
 
9
|SO
 
4
|AsO
 
4
]
 
3
 · 33H
 
2
O
22.3.7Woodhouseite
CaAl
 
3
[(OH)
 
6
|SO
 
4
|PO
 
4
]
22.3.8Schlossmacherite
(H
 
3
O,Ca)Al
 
3
[(OH)
 
6
|(SO
 
4
,AsO
 
4
)
 
2
]
22.3.9Svanbergite
SrAl
 
3
[(OH)
 
6
|SO
 
4
|PO
 
4
]
22.3.10Kemmlitzite
(Sr,Ce)Al
 
3
[(OH)
 
6
|SO
 
4
|AsO
 
4
]
22.3.11Sanjuanite
Al
 
2
[OH|SO
 
4
|PO
 
4
] · 9H
 
2
O
22.3.12Kribergite
Al
 
5
[(OH)
 
4
|SO
 
4
|(PO
 
4
)
 
3
] · 4H
 
2
O
22.3.13Hotsonite
Al
 
11
[(OH)
 
21
|(SO
 
4
)
 
3
|(PO
 
4
)
 
2
] · 16H
 
2
O
22.3.14Weilerite
22.3.15Tsumebite
Pb
 
2
Cu[OH|SO
 
4
|PO
 
4
]
22.3.16Arsentsumebite
Pb
 
2
Cu[OH|SO
 
4
|AsO
 
4
]
22.3.17Hinsdalite
PbAl
 
3
[(OH)
 
6
|SO
 
4
|PO
 
4
]
22.3.18Hidalgoite
PbAl
 
3
[(OH)
 
6
|SO
 
4
|AsO
 
4
]
22.3.19Orpheite
PbAl
 
3
[(OH)
 
6
|(PO
 
4
,SO
 
4
)
 
2
] (?)
22.3.20Coconinoite
Fe
3+
2
Al
 
2
(UO
 
2
)
 
2
[(OH)
 
2
|SO
 
4
|(PO
 
4
)
 
4
] · 20H
 
2
O
22.3.21Sasaite
(Al,Fe
3+
 
)
 
14
[(OH)
 
7
|SO
 
4
|(PO
 
4
)
 
11
] · 83H
 
2
O
22.3.22Tristramite
(Ca,U,Fe)(PO
 
4
,SO
 
4
)·2H
 
2
O
22.3.23Corkite
PbFe
 
3
[(OH)
 
6
|SO
 
4
|PO
 
4
]
22.3.24Beudantite
PbFe
 
3
[(OH)
 
6
|SO
 
4
|AsO
 
4
]
22.3.25Diadochite
Fe
3+
2
(PO
 
4
)(SO
 
4
)(OH) · 5H
 
2
O
22.3.26Sarmientite
Fe
3+
2
[OH|SO
 
4
|AsO
 
4
] · 5H
 
2
O
22.3.27Bukovskýite
Fe
3+
2
[OH|SO
 
4
|AsO
 
4
] · 7H
 
2
O
22.3.28Zýkaite
Fe
3+
4
[OH|SO
 
4
|(AsO
 
4
)
 
3
] · 15H
 
2
O
22.3.30Pitticite
[Fe, SO
 
4
, AsO
 
4
, H
 
2
O] ?
22.3.31Xiangjiangite
(Fe
3+
 
,Al)(UO
 
2
)
 
4
[OH|(SO
 
4
)
 
2
|(PO
 
4
)
 
2
] · 22H
 
2
O

Other Names for Tooeleite

Synonyms:
IMA1990-010
Other Languages:
German:Tooeleit
Spanish:Tooeleita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Tooeleite

Reference List:Cesbron, F. & Williams, S. A. (1992): Tooeleite, a new mineral from the U.S. Mine, Tooele County, Utah. Mineralogical Magazine: 56: 71-73. {Am. Min. 77,1306(1992)[abstract])

Morin, G., et al. (2003): "Bacterial formation of tooeleite and mixed As3+/(V)-Fe3+ gels in the Carnoules acid mine drainage, France. A XANES, XRD, and SEM study": Environmental Sciences and Technology 37, 1705-1712.

Morin, G., Rousse, G. and Elkaim, E. (2007): Crystal structure of tooeleite, Fe6(AsO3)4SO4(OH)4•4H2O, a new iron arsenite oxyhydroxysulfate mineral relevant to acid mine drainage. Am. Mineral. 92, 193-197.

Articles/Blogs about Tooeleite

Internet Links for Tooeleite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
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  • Search for Tooeleite in the Natural History Museum (London) online catalogue
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    Localities for Tooeleite

    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    France
     
    • Languedoc-Roussillon
      • Gard
    		Morin, G., Rousse, G. and Elkaim, E. (2007): Crystal structure of tooeleite, Fe6(AsO3)4SO4(OH)4•4H2O, a new iron arsenite oxyhydroxysulfate mineral relevant to acid mine drainage. Am. Mineral. 92, 193-197; Morin, G. et al. (2003): Bacterial formation of tooeleite and mixed As3+/(V)-Fe3+ gels in the Carnoules acid mine drainage, France. A XANES, XRD, and SEM study: Environmental Sciences and Technology 37, 1705-1712.
    Germany
     
    • Lower Saxony
      • Harz Mts
        • Goslar
          • Grane Reservoir
    		Schnorrer, G. (1993): Mineralogische Notizen VI. Aufschluss, 44(1), 44-58.
    Greece
     
    • Attikí (Attica; Attika) Prefecture
      • Lavrion (Laurion; Laurium) District
        • Lavrion District Mines
          • Agios Konstantinos [St Constantine] (Kamareza; Kamariza)
    		Lapis, 26, 11 (Nov. 2001), p.43
    Switzerland
     
    • Ticino (Tessin)
      • Malcantone
        • Breno
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. und Stuker, P. (1998): Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz. Wepf Verlag, Basel, 579 pp. Meisser, N., Oppizzi, P., Steiger, E., Vanini, F. (1996): L'attività siderurgica del Monte Torri (Ticino, Svizzera): ricerche mineralogiche nelle scorie. Geologia Insubrica, 1(1+2), 53-63.
    USA
     
    • Utah
      • Tooele Co.
        • Deep Creek Mts
          • Gold Hill District (Clifton District)
            • Gold Hill
    Mineral and/or Locality
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