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Tyuyamunite

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Marie Mine, Pryor Mountains, Carbon Co., Montana, USA
© Saul Krotki 2005

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Formula:
Ca(UO
 
2
)
 
2
[VO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 5-8H
 
2
O
System:OrthorhombicColour:Canary yellow, ...
Hardness:1½ - 2
Name:Named after its discovery locality, Tyuya-Muyun, Fergana Valley, Kyrgyzstan.


Carnotite Group.

A secondary mineral occurring in the oxidized zones of U-V deposits, especially those of the Colorado Plateau-type.

Classification of Tyuyamunite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:7/E.11-80
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:4.HB.25

4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
H : V[5,6] Vanadates
B : Uranyl Sorovanodates
Dana 8th edition ID:40.2a.26.1

40 : HYDRATED NORMAL PHOSPHATES,ARSENATES AND VANADATES
2a : AB2(XO4)2·xH2O, containing (UO2)2+
Hey's CIM Ref.:21.4.8

21 : Vanadates (and vanadates with arsenate or phosphate)
4 : Vanadates of U, Mn, Fe or Ni
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Type Occurrence of Tyuyamunite

Type Locality:Tyuya-Muyun Cu-V-U Deposit (Radium Mine), Alai (Alay) Range, Osh Oblast, Kyrgyzstan
General Appearance of Type Material:Veinlet fillings, disseminated in the limestone or as fillings in karst caverns.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:A.E. Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Moscow, Russia: #3575 through 3577.
Year of Discovery:1912
Geological Setting of type material:Carboniferous limestone
Associated Minerals at type locality:
TuraniteMalachiteCalciteBaryte

Occurrences of Tyuyamunite

Geological Setting:Oxidized zone Colorado Plateau uranium deposits

Physical Properties of Tyuyamunite

Lustre:Adamantine, Waxy, Pearly, Dull
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Translucent, Opaque
Comment:Pearly on cleavage {001}, waxy or dull when massive.
Colour:Canary yellow, lemon-yellow; greenish yellow (upon exposure to sunlight); colourless to pale yellow in transmitted light.
Hardness (Mohs):1½ - 2
Cleavage:Perfect
Perfect on {001}, micaceous; distinct on {100} & {010}.
Fracture:Micaceous
Density (measured):3.57 - 4.35 g/cm3
Density (calculated):3.59 g/cm3

Crystallography of Tyuyamunite

Crystal System:Orthorhombic
Cell Parameters:a = 10.63Å, b = 28.36Å, c = 20.4Å
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.375 : 1 : 0.719
Unit Cell Volume:V 6,149.92 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:Crystals elongated, platy, flattened on {001}, elongated [010], with {010}, {110}, and several other forms; may be curved or scaly. Also occurs as fanlike or radial aggregates, as thin films, coatings, pulverulent, and compact to cryptocrystalline massive impregnations.

Optical Data of Tyuyamunite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.675 nβ = 1.860 - 1.870 nγ = 1.885 - 1.895
2V:Measured: 30° to 45°, Calculated: 34°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.210 - 0.220

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Very High
Dispersion:none
Pleochroism:Weak
Comments:X = Nearly colourless
Y = Pale canary yellow
Z = Canary yellow

Chemical Properties of Tyuyamunite

Formula:
Ca(UO
 
2
)
 
2
[VO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 5-8H
 
2
O
Essential elements:Ca, H, O, U, V
All elements listed in formula:Ca, H, O, U, V

Relationship of Tyuyamunite to other Species

Member of Group:
Carnotite Group:
Common Associates:
VolborthiteUranophaneMetatyuyamuniteGypsumCorvusite
Carnotite
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
4.HB.05Carnotite
K
 
2
(UO
 
2
)
 
2
[VO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 3H
 
2
O
4.HB.05Margaritasite
(Cs,K,H
 
3
O)
 
2
(UO
 
2
)
 
2
[VO
 
4
]
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
4.HB.10Sengierite
Cu
 
2
(UO
 
2
)
 
2
[VO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 6H
 
2
O
4.HB.15Curienite
Pb(UO
 
2
)
 
2
[VO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 5H
 
2
O
4.HB.15Francevillite
(Ba,Pb)(UO
 
2
)
 
2
[VO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 5H
 
2
O
4.HB.15Fritzscheite
Mn(UO
 
2
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
,VO
 
4
)
 
2
·10H
 
2
O (?)
4.HB.20Metavanuralite
Al(UO
 
2
)
 
2
[OH|(VO
 
4
)
 
2
] · 8H
 
2
O
4.HB.20Vanuralite
Al(UO
 
2
)
 
2
[OH|(VO
 
4
)
 
2
] · 11H
 
2
O
4.HB.25Metatyuyamunite
Ca(UO
 
2
)
 
2
[VO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 3-5H
 
2
O
4.HB.30Strelkinite
Na
 
2
(UO
 
2
)
 
2
[VO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 6H
 
2
O
4.HB.35Uvanite
U
 
2
V
 
6
O
 
21
·15H
 
2
O
4.HB.40Rauvite
Ca(UO
 
2
)
 
2
V
 
10
O
 
28
·16H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
21.4.1Uvanite
U
 
2
V
 
6
O
 
21
·15H
 
2
O
21.4.2Vanuranylite
(H
 
3
O)
 
2
(UO
 
2
)
 
2
[VO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
21.4.3Strelkinite
Na
 
2
(UO
 
2
)
 
2
[VO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 6H
 
2
O
21.4.4Carnotite
K
 
2
(UO
 
2
)
 
2
[VO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 3H
 
2
O
21.4.5Margaritasite
(Cs,K,H
 
3
O)
 
2
(UO
 
2
)
 
2
[VO
 
4
]
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
21.4.6Sengierite
Cu
 
2
(UO
 
2
)
 
2
[VO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 6H
 
2
O
21.4.7Metatyuyamunite
Ca(UO
 
2
)
 
2
[VO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 3-5H
 
2
O
21.4.9Rauvite
Ca(UO
 
2
)
 
2
V
 
10
O
 
28
·16H
 
2
O
21.4.10Francevillite
(Ba,Pb)(UO
 
2
)
 
2
[VO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 5H
 
2
O
21.4.11Metavanuralite
Al(UO
 
2
)
 
2
[OH|(VO
 
4
)
 
2
] · 8H
 
2
O
21.4.12Vanuralite
Al(UO
 
2
)
 
2
[OH|(VO
 
4
)
 
2
] · 11H
 
2
O
21.4.13Curienite
Pb(UO
 
2
)
 
2
[VO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 5H
 
2
O
21.4.14Fritzscheite
Mn(UO
 
2
)
 
2
(PO
 
4
,VO
 
4
)
 
2
·10H
 
2
O (?)
21.4.15Palenzonaite
(Ca,Na)
 
3
CaMn
2+
2
[VO
 
4
]
 
3
21.4.16Santafeite
(Ca,Sr,Na)
 
12
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
3+
 
,Al,Mg)
 
8
Mn
4+
8
(VO
 
4
)
 
16
(OH,O)
 
20
 · 8H
 
2
O
21.4.17Pyrobelonite
PbMn
2+
 
[OH|VO
 
4
]
21.4.18Brackebuschite
Pb
 
2
(Mn
3+
 
,Fe
3+
 
)[OH|(VO
 
4
)
 
2
]
21.4.19Čechite
Pb(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
)[OH|VO
 
4
]
21.4.20Heyite
Pb
 
5
Fe
2+
2
[O
 
2
|VO
 
4
]
 
2
21.4.21Mounanaite
PbFe
3+
2
[VO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 2(OH,F)
21.4.22Schubnelite
Fe
 
2-x
V
 
2
O
 
4
(OH)
 
4
21.4.23Fervanite
Fe
 
4
(VO
 
4
)
 
4
·5H
 
2
O
21.4.24Kazakhstanite
Fe
 
5
V
 
3
V
 
12
O
 
39
(OH)
 
9
·9H
 
2
O
21.4.25Bokite
(Al,Fe
3+
 
)
 
1.3
[(V
5+
 
,V
4+
 
,Fe
3+
 
)
 
4
O
 
10
]
 
2
 · 7.5H
 
2
O
21.4.26Rusakovite
(Fe
3+
 
,Al)
 
5
[(OH)
 
9
|(VO
 
4
,PO
 
4
)
 
2
] · 3H
 
2
O
21.4.27Kolovratite
(Zn,Ni,Cu)
 
2-5
Al
 
4-6
(Si,V
4+
 
,V
5+
 
)
 
4
(O,OH)
 
20
·7.5H
 
2
O

Other Names for Tyuyamunite

Synonyms:
CalciocarnotiteCalciomotiteCalcium CarnotiteTĭujamuniteTjuiamunite
TjujamuniteTujamuniteTuyamuniteTyuyamuyunite
Other Languages:
German:Tjujamunit
Tuyamunit
Tyuyamunit
Spanish:Tjujamunita
Tuyamunita
Tyuyamunita

Other Information

IR Spectrum:Weak yellow-green at times (UV).
Other Information:Radioactive. The water content is partly zeolitic and varies markedly with humidity at ambient temperatures. Insoluble in dilute acetic acid; soluble in HCl, HNO3 and H2SO4.
Health Warning:Contains uranium - always wash hands after handling. Avoid inhaling dust when handling or breaking. Never lick or ingest. Avoid prolonged exposure in proximity of the body. Store away from inhabited areas.

References for Tyuyamunite

Reference List:Nenadkevič (1912) Bulletin of the Academy of St. Petersburg (1912), [6], 6, 945.

Hillebrand (1913) American Journal of Science: 35: 440 (as Calciocarnotite).

Larsen, E.S. (1921) The Microscopic Determination of the Nonopaque Minerals, First edition, USGS Bulletin 679: 148.

Hess (1924) U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 750D: 73 (Ross in).

Hillebrand (1924) American Journal of Science: 8: 201.

Chirvinsky (1925) Mineralogical Magazine: 20: 287-295.

Chlopin (1925) Comptes rendus de académie des sciences Russie: 73

Dolivo-Dobrovolsky (1925) Mineralogicheskoe Obshchestvo, Leningrad, Zapiski: [2]: 54: 359.

Izvestiya Imperatorskoy Akademii Nauk series 6: 15: 945-946.

Hintze, Carl (1931) Handbuch der Mineralogie. Berlin and Leipzig. 6 volumes: 1 [4B]: 1005.

Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 1045-1047.

Frondel, C. (1958) Systematic mineralogy of uranium and thorium. U.S. Geological Survey Bull. 1064, 248–253.

Zapiski Vserossiyskogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva (1965): 94: 441.

Pekov, I.V. (1998) Minerals first discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union, 220–221.

Anthony, J.W., Bideaux, R.A., Bladh, K.W., and Nichols, M.C. (2000) Handbook of Mineralogy, Volume IV. Arsenates, Phosphates, Vanadates. Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson, AZ, 680pp.: 608.

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