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Afghanite

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Ladjuar Medam (Lajur Madan; Lapis-lazuli Mine; Lapis-lazuli deposit), Sar-e Sang (Sar Sang; Sary Sang), Koksha Valley (Kokscha Valley; Kokcha Valley), Khash & Kuran Wa Munjan Districts, Badakhshan Province (Badakshan Province; Badahsan Province), Afghanistan
© Joe Budd Photography

Show Afghanite Photos (113)



Formula:
(Na,Ca,K)
 
8
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)(Cl
 
2
,SO
 
4
,CO
 
3
)
 
3
 · 0.5H
 
2
O
System:HexagonalColour:light blue, dark blue
Hardness:5½ - 6
Member of:Cancrinite Group
Name:Named after the country of its discovery, Afghanistan.


Visit gemdat.org for gemological information about Afghanite. Currently in public beta-test.

Classification of Afghanite

IMA status:Approved 1967
Strunz 8th edition ID:8/J.09-50
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:9.FB.05

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
F : Tektosilicates without zeolitic H2O
B : Tektosilicates with additional anions
Dana 8th edition ID:76.2.5.1

76 : TECTOSILICATES Al-Si Framework
2 : Al-Si Framework Feldspathoids and related species
Hey's CIM Ref.:17.10.12

17 : Silicates Containing other Anions
10 : Silicates with sulphate, molybdate or tungstate
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Type Occurrence of Afghanite

Type Locality:Ladjuar Medam (Lajur Madan; Lapis-lazuli Mine; Lapis-lazuli deposit), Sar-e Sang (Sar Sang; Sary Sang), Koksha Valley (Kokscha Valley; Kokcha Valley), Khash & Kuran Wa Munjan Districts, Badakhshan Province (Badakshan Province; Badahsan Province), Afghanistan
General Appearance of Type Material:In thin veinlets cutting lazurite crystals
Place of Conservation of Type Material:Mineralogy-Crystallography Laboratory, University Pierre and Marie Curie, Paris;
National School of Mines, Paris, France;
The Natural History Museum, London, England, 1969,72.
Associated Minerals at type locality:
VesuvianiteSodalitePyritePhlogopiteOlivine
NephelineLazuriteDiopsideCalcite

Occurrences of Afghanite

Geological Setting:in silicified limestone xenoliths in pumice (Pitigliano quarry, Italy)

Physical Properties of Afghanite

Lustre:Vitreous
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent
Colour:light blue, dark blue
Comment:colourless in thin section
Streak:white
Hardness (Mohs):5½ - 6
Cleavage:Perfect
{1010}
Fracture:Conchoidal

Crystallography of Afghanite

Crystal System:Hexagonal
Cell Parameters:a = 12.77Å, c = 21.35Å
Ratio:a:c = 1 : 1.672
Unit Cell Volume:V 3,015.16 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:As stout to slender, thin tabular laths and as rounded grains.

Optical Data of Afghanite

Type:Uniaxial (+)
RI values: nω = 1.523 nε = 1.529
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.006

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Low

Chemical Properties of Afghanite

Formula:
(Na,Ca,K)
 
8
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)(Cl
 
2
,SO
 
4
,CO
 
3
)
 
3
 · 0.5H
 
2
O
Essential elements:Al, Cl, H, Na, O, Si
All elements listed in formula:Al, C, Ca, Cl, H, K, Na, O, S, Si

Relationship of Afghanite to other Species

Member of:Cancrinite Group
Other Members of Group:

- +
Alloriite
(Na,Ca,K)
 
26
Ca
 
4
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)
 
4
(SO
 
4
)
 
6
Cl
 
6
Balliranoite
(Na,K)
 
6
Ca
 
2
(Si
 
6
Al
 
6
O
 
24
)Cl
 
2
(CO
 
3
)
Biachellaite
(Na,Ca,K)
 
8
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
0.5
 · H
 
2
O
Bystrite
(Na,K)
 
7
Ca(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)(S
 
3
)
 
1.5
 · H
 
2
O
Cancrinite
(Na,Ca,☐)
 
8
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)(CO
 
3
,SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
Cancrisilite
Na
 
7
(Al
 
5
Si
 
7
O
 
24
)(CO
 
3
) · 3H
 
2
O
Davyne
(Na,K)
 
6
Ca
 
2
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)(Cl
 
2
,SO
 
4
)
 
2
Depmeierite
Na
 
8
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)(PO
 
4
,CO
 
3
)
 
1-x
 · 3H
 
2
O (x<0.5)
Franzinite
(Na,K)
 
6
Ca
 
2
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 0.5H
 
2
O
Giuseppettite
(Na,K,Ca)
 
7-8
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)(SO
 
4
,Cl)
 
1-2
Hydroxycancrinite
Na
 
8
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)(OH)
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
Kircherite
Na
 
5
Ca
 
2
K(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 0.33H
 
2
O
Kyanoxalite
Na
 
7
(Al
 
6-x
Si
 
6+x
O
 
24
)(C
 
2
O
 
4
)
 
0.5+x
 · 5H
 
2
O (0 < x < 0.5)
Liottite
(Na,K)
 
16
Ca
 
8
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)
 
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
5
Cl
 
4
Marinellite
(Na,K)
 
42
Ca
 
6
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)
 
6
(SO
 
4
)
 
8
Cl
 
2
 · 3H
 
2
O
Microsommite
Na
 
4
K
 
2
Ca
 
2
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)(SO
 
4
)Cl
 
2
Pitiglianoite
Na
 
6
K
 
2
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)(SO
 
4
) · 2H
 
2
O
Quadridavyne
(Na,K)
 
6
Ca
 
2
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)Cl
 
4
Sacrofanite
(Na,K)
 
98
Ca
 
20
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)
 
14
(SO
 
4
)
 
26
Cl
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
Tounkite
(Na,Ca,K)
 
8
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)(SO
 
4
)
 
2
Cl · H
 
2
O
Vishnevite
(Na,K)
 
8
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)(SO
 
4
,CO
 
3
) · 2H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
9.FB.05Bystrite
(Na,K)
 
7
Ca(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)(S
 
3
)
 
1.5
 · H
 
2
O
9.FB.05Cancrinite
(Na,Ca,☐)
 
8
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)(CO
 
3
,SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
9.FB.05Cancrisilite
Na
 
7
(Al
 
5
Si
 
7
O
 
24
)(CO
 
3
) · 3H
 
2
O
9.FB.05Davyne
(Na,K)
 
6
Ca
 
2
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)(Cl
 
2
,SO
 
4
)
 
2
9.FB.05Franzinite
(Na,K)
 
6
Ca
 
2
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 0.5H
 
2
O
9.FB.05Giuseppettite
(Na,K,Ca)
 
7-8
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)(SO
 
4
,Cl)
 
1-2
9.FB.05Hydroxycancrinite
Na
 
8
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)(OH)
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
9.FB.05Liottite
(Na,K)
 
16
Ca
 
8
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)
 
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
5
Cl
 
4
9.FB.05Microsommite
Na
 
4
K
 
2
Ca
 
2
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)(SO
 
4
)Cl
 
2
9.FB.05Pitiglianoite
Na
 
6
K
 
2
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)(SO
 
4
) · 2H
 
2
O
9.FB.05Quadridavyne
(Na,K)
 
6
Ca
 
2
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)Cl
 
4
9.FB.05Sacrofanite
(Na,K)
 
98
Ca
 
20
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)
 
14
(SO
 
4
)
 
26
Cl
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
9.FB.05Tounkite
(Na,Ca,K)
 
8
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)(SO
 
4
)
 
2
Cl · H
 
2
O
9.FB.05Vishnevite
(Na,K)
 
8
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)(SO
 
4
,CO
 
3
) · 2H
 
2
O
9.FB.05Marinellite
(Na,K)
 
42
Ca
 
6
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)
 
6
(SO
 
4
)
 
8
Cl
 
2
 · 3H
 
2
O
9.FB.05Farneseite
(Na,Ca,K)
 
56
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)
 
7
(SO
 
4
)
 
12
 · 6H
 
2
O
9.FB.05Alloriite
(Na,Ca,K)
 
26
Ca
 
4
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)
 
4
(SO
 
4
)
 
6
Cl
 
6
9.FB.05Fantappièite
[Na
 
82.5
Ca
 
33
K
 
16.5
](Si
 
99
Al
 
99
O
 
396
)(SO
 
4
)
 
33
 · 4H
 
2
O
9.FB.05Kyanoxalite
Na
 
7
(Al
 
6-x
Si
 
6+x
O
 
24
)(C
 
2
O
 
4
)
 
0.5+x
 · 5H
 
2
O (0 < x < 0.5)
9.FB.05Balliranoite
(Na,K)
 
6
Ca
 
2
(Si
 
6
Al
 
6
O
 
24
)Cl
 
2
(CO
 
3
)
9.FB.05Carbobystrite
Na
 
8
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)(CO
 
3
) · 3.5H
 
2
O
9.FB.05Depmeierite
Na
 
8
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)(PO
 
4
,CO
 
3
)
 
1-x
 · 3H
 
2
O (x<0.5)
9.FB.05Kircherite
Na
 
5
Ca
 
2
K(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 0.33H
 
2
O
9.FB.10Bicchulite
Ca
 
2
(Al
 
2
SiO
 
6
)(OH)
 
2
9.FB.10Danalite
Fe
2+
4
(Be
 
3
Si
 
3
O
 
12
)S
9.FB.10Genthelvite
Zn
 
4
(Be
 
3
Si
 
3
O
 
12
)S
9.FB.10Haüyne
(Na,Ca)
 
4-8
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
(O,S)
 
24
)(SO
 
4
,Cl)
 
1-2
9.FB.10Helvine
Mn
2+
4
(Be
 
3
Si
 
3
O
 
12
)S
9.FB.10Kamaishilite
Ca
 
2
(Al
 
2
SiO
 
6
)(OH)
 
2
9.FB.10Lazurite
(Na,Ca)
 
8
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)(S,SO
 
4
,Cl
 
2
)
9.FB.10Nosean
Na
 
8
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)(SO
 
4
)
9.FB.10Sodalite
Na
 
8
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)Cl
 
2
9.FB.10Tsaregorodtsevite
(N(CH
 
3
)
 
4
)(AlSi
 
5
O
 
12
)
9.FB.10Tugtupite
Na
 
4
(AlBeSi
 
4
O
 
12
)Cl
9.FB.15Marialite
Na
 
4
Al
 
3
Si
 
9
O
 
24
Cl
9.FB.15Meionite
Ca
 
4
Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
CO
 
3
9.FB.15Silvialite
(Ca,Na)
 
4
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)(SO
 
4
,CO
 
3
)
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
17.10.1Nosean
Na
 
8
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)(SO
 
4
)
17.10.2Pitiglianoite
Na
 
6
K
 
2
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)(SO
 
4
) · 2H
 
2
O
17.10.3Vishnevite
(Na,K)
 
8
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)(SO
 
4
,CO
 
3
) · 2H
 
2
O
17.10.4Haüyne
(Na,Ca)
 
4-8
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
(O,S)
 
24
)(SO
 
4
,Cl)
 
1-2
17.10.5Liottite
(Na,K)
 
16
Ca
 
8
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)
 
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
5
Cl
 
4
17.10.6Latiumite
K
 
2
Ca
 
6
(Si,Al)
 
11
O
 
25
(SO
 
4
,CO
 
3
)
17.10.7Tuscanite
(K(Ca,Na)
 
6
(Si,Al)
 
10
O
 
22
[SO
 
4
,CO
 
3
,(OH)
 
2
] · H
 
2
O
17.10.8Microsommite
Na
 
4
K
 
2
Ca
 
2
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)(SO
 
4
)Cl
 
2
17.10.9Delhayelite
(Na,K)
 
10
Ca
 
5
Al
 
6
Si
 
32
O
 
80
(Cl
 
2
,F
 
2
,SO
 
4
)
 
3
 · 18H
 
2
O
17.10.10Hydrodelhayelite
KCa
 
2
AlSi
 
7
O
 
17
(OH)
 
2
 · 6H
 
2
O
17.10.11Davyne
(Na,K)
 
6
Ca
 
2
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)(Cl
 
2
,SO
 
4
)
 
2
17.10.13Franzinite
(Na,K)
 
6
Ca
 
2
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 0.5H
 
2
O
17.10.14Giuseppettite
(Na,K,Ca)
 
7-8
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)(SO
 
4
,Cl)
 
1-2
17.10.15Sacrofanite
(Na,K)
 
98
Ca
 
20
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)
 
14
(SO
 
4
)
 
26
Cl
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
17.10.16Chessexite
(Na,K)
 
4
Ca
 
2
(Mg,Zn)
 
3
Al
 
8
(SO
 
4
)
 
10
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 40H
 
2
O
17.10.17Innelite
Na
 
2
CaBa
 
4
Ti
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
O
 
4
17.10.18Thaumasite
Ca
 
3
(SO
 
4
)[Si(OH)
 
6
](CO
 
3
) · 12H
 
2
O
17.10.19Ellestadite
17.10.20Ellestadite-(Cl)
Ca
 
10
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
Cl
 
2
17.10.21Hydroxylellestadite
Ca
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
1.5
(SO
 
4
)
 
1.5
(OH)
17.10.22Fluorellestadite
Ca
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
1.5
(SO
 
4
)
 
1.5
F
17.10.23Mattheddleite
Pb
 
5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
1.5
(SO
 
4
)
 
1.5
(Cl,OH)
17.10.24Queitite
Pb
 
4
Zn
 
2
(SO
 
4
)(SiO
 
4
)(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
17.10.25Roeblingite
Pb
 
2
Ca
 
6
Mn
2+
 
(Si
 
3
O
 
9
)
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
17.10.26Yoshimuraite
Ba
 
2
Mn
 
2
Ti(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(PO
 
4
)O(OH)
17.10.27Kegelite
Pb
 
8
Al
 
4
(Si
 
8
O
 
20
)(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(CO
 
3
)
 
4
(OH)
 
8
17.10.28Wenkite
(Ba,K)
 
4
(Ca,Na)
 
6
[(SO
 
4
)
 
3
|(Si,Al)
 
20
O
 
39
(OH)
 
2
] · 0.5H
 
2
O
17.10.29Macquartite
Pb
 
3
Cu(CrO
 
4
)(SiO
 
3
)(OH)
 
4
 · 2H
 
2
O
17.10.30Welinite
Mn
2+
6
(W
6+
 
,Mg)
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(O,OH)
 
6

Other Names for Afghanite

Synonyms:
IMA1967-041
Other Languages:
Dutch:Afghaniet
German:Afghanit
Italian:Afghanite
Latvian:Afganīts
Russian:Афганит
Spanish:Afghanita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Afghanite

Reference List:

- +
Bariand,P., Cesbron, F. & Giraud, R. (1968) Une nouvelle espèce minérale: l'afghanite de Sar-e-sang, Badakhshan, Afghanistan. Comparaison avec les minéraux du groupe de la cancrinite. Bulletin de la Société Francaise de Minéralogie et Christallographie, 91: 34-42

American Mineralogist: 53: 2105.

European Journal of Mineralogy: 9: 21-30.

Internet Links for Afghanite

Search Engines:
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  • Look for Afghanite on Mineralien Atlas
  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Afghanite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    • Localities for Afghanite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Afghanistan
     
    Canadian Mineralogist (1979) 17:47-52
      • Khash & Kuran Wa Munjan Districts
        • Koksha Valley (Kokscha Valley; Kokcha Valley)
    		Dudley Blauwet priv. comm.(2008), RWMW collection
          • Sar-e Sang (Sar Sang; Sary Sang)
    		Bariand,P. Cesbron, F. & Giraud, R. (1968): Une nouvelle espèce minérale: l`afghanite de Sar-e-sang, Badakhshan, Afghanistan. Comparaison avec les minéraux du groupe de la cancrinite. Bulletin de la Société Francaise de Minéralogie et Christallographie. 91:34-42; Canadian Mineralogist (1979) 17:47-52
    Canada
     
    • Nunavut Territory
      • Baffin Island
    		Canadian Mineralogist (1979) 17:47-52
    Germany
     
    • Rhineland-Palatinate
      • Eifel
        • Mayen
          • Ettringen
            • Bellerberg volcano
    		Blass, G., Graf, H.W., Interessante Neuigkeiten über Cancrinit, Fluorit und Fuchsit aus der Vulkaneifel, Mineralien-Welt 12/1, 26-29, 2001
    Italy
     
    • Campania
      • Naples Province
        • Somma-Vesuvius Complex
    		- Parodi, G., Ballirano, P., Maras, A. (1996): Afghanite from Mt Vesuvius: A Rediscovery, The Mineralogical Record, Vol. 27, 109-114; www.dinet.it/Mineral-GMC/AMI/vesuvio.html.
    • Latium
      • Rome Province
        • Rome
    		Gresta, S., Duronio, F., Mancinella D. (2002): Geositi e Sistema delle Aree Protette del Lazio: idee per la geoconservazione. Il Cercapietre. Not. del Gruppo Mineralogico Romano, 1-2: 48-55
        • Sacrofano Caldera
          • Magliano Romano
    		Stoppani, F.S. & Curti, E. (1982): I minerali del Lazio. Editoriale Olimpia, Firenze, 291 pp.
    Min Rec (1996) 27:109-114
      • Viterbo Province
    		Stoppani, F.S., Curti, E. (1982): I Minerali del Lazio. Ed. Olimpia, Firenze, 154-158; Min Rec (1996) 27:109-114
    Di Domenico Dario
    in the collection of Luigi Mattei
          • Gradoli
    		- Signoretti, E. & Bosco, P. (2001): Le cave di Gradoli e Onano. Il Cercapietre, 1/2-2001, 10-25
          • Onano
    		Cresta, S., Duronio, F., Mancinella, D. (2002): Geositi e sistema delle arre protette del Lazio: idee per la geoconservazione. Il Cercapietre, 1-2/2002, 48-55
          • Valentano
    		Burli, M., Caponera, I., Signoretti, E. (2007): Le "sanidiniti" di Monte Saliette (Valentano, VT). Il Cercapietre. Not. del Gruppo Mineralogico Romano, 1-2: 13-18
        • Vico Lake
          • Vetralla
    		Bill Henderson specimens
    http://www.gminromano.it/Cercapietre/rivista04/testo/04A04.html
    American Mineralogist, Volume 91, pages 1170–-1177, 2006
    Carlini, R., Signoretti, E., 2003. Località minori del vulcano Vicano: Villa S.Giovanni in Tuscia e Mazzocchio. Il Cercapietre. Not. del Gruppo Mineralogico Romano, 1-2: 33-41
    • Tuscany
      • Grosseto Province
        • Pitigliano
    		Liotti L., 1991. I minerali dei vulcani laziali a Pitigliano (Grosseto). Riv. Mineral. Ital., 15: 121-139.
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Prebaikalia (Pribaikal'e)
        • Irkutskaya Oblast'
          • Lake Baikal area
            • Slyudyanka (Sludyanka)
              • Malaya Bystraya River Valley
    		Hadacz, R. and Kynický, J. (2006): Lapis Lazuli z oblasti Bajkalu. In SAMEC, P. -- KYNICKÝ, J. Hlavní výsledky průzkumu území Mongolska v projektu Mongolsko 2000 -- 2005: shrnutí, hodnocení a interpretace (II). Brno: Mendelova zemědělská a lesnická univerzita v Brně, 2006, p. 95--96. ISBN 80-7157-920-3.; Canadian Mineralogist (1979) 17:47-52
    Canadian Mineralogist (1979) 17:47-52; P.M. Kartashov data
    Tajikistan
     
    • Viloyati Mukhtori Gorno-Badakhshan (Viloyati Badakhshoni Kuni)
      • Pamir Mts
        • Khorog Region
          • Shakhdara range
            • Badom-Dara
    		Canadian Mineralogist (1979) 17:47-52
    USA
     
    • New York
      • St. Lawrence Co.
        • Balmat-Edwards Zinc District
          • Edwards
    		Canadian Mineralogist (1979) 17:47-52
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