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Atokite

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Oktyabr'skoe (Oktyabr'skoye; Oktyabr'sky) Cu-Ni deposit, Noril'sk, Putoran Plateau, Taimyr Peninsula, Taymyrskiy Autonomous Okrug, Eastern-Siberian Region, Russia

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Formula:
(Pd,Pt)
 
3
Sn
System:IsometricColour:Light cream
Lustre:MetallicHardness:4½
Name:For the type locality, the Atok mine.
This page provides mineralogical data about Atokite.

Classification of Atokite

IMA status:Approved
Strunz 8th edition ID:1/A.16-20
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:1.AG.10

1 : ELEMENTS (Metals and intermetallic alloys; metalloids and nonmetals; carbides, silicides, nitrides, phosphides)
A : Metals and Intermetallic Alloys
G : PGE-metal alloys
Dana 7th edition ID:1.2.7.2
Dana 8th edition ID:1.2.5.3

1 : NATIVE ELEMENTS AND ALLOYS
2 : Platinum Group Metals and Alloys
Hey's CIM Ref.:1.72

1 : Elements and Alloys (including the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au)
mindat.org URL:http://www.mindat.org/min-413.html
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Type Occurrence of Atokite

Type Locality:Atok Mine, Merensky Reef, Eastern Bushveld Complex, Limpopo Province, South Africa
Year of Discovery:1975
Geological Setting of type material:As very sparse grains in concentrates of ore.

Physical Properties of Atokite

Lustre:Metallic
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Opaque
Colour:Light cream
Comment:in reflected light
Hardness (Mohs):4½
Hardness (Vickers):VHN25=357 kg/mm2
Density (calculated):14.19 g/cm3

Crystallography of Atokite

Crystal System:Isometric
Class (H-M):m3m (4/m 3 2/m) - Hexoctahedral
Space Group:Fm3m {F4/m 3 2/m}
Space Group Setting:Fm3m
Cell Parameters:a = 3.991Å
Unit Cell Volume:V 63.57 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:4
Morphology:Small grains less than 100 microns.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
d-spacingIntensity
2.295 (100)
1.992 (80)
1.408 (90)
1.202 (100)
0.9153 (90)
0.8922 (80)
0.8145 (90)
Comments:Merensky Reef, South Africa.

Optical Data of Atokite

Type:Isotropic
Type:Anisotropic
Anisotropism:Slight, due to strain
Reflectivity:
480nmR1=57.4%R2= 60.8%
546nmR1=59.2%R2= 65.1%
589nmR1=60.4%R2= 63.5%
656nmR1=62.2%R2= 65.8%


Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 65.8%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Colour in reflected light:light cream
Pleochroism:Weak

Chemical Properties of Atokite

Formula:
(Pd,Pt)
 
3
Sn
Essential elements:Pd, Sn
All elements listed in formula:Pd, Pt, Sn
Analytical Data:Merensky Reef, South Africa; by electron microprobe.
Pt (43.74)
Pd (38.35)
Sn (18.65)
Total (100.74)
Empirical Formula:
(Pd
 
1.46
Pt
 
0.91
)Sn
 
0.81

Relationship of Atokite to other Species

Common Associates:
PalladoarsenideKeithconnite
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
1.AG.05Hexaferrum
(Fe,Os,Ru,Ir)
1.AG.05Garutiite
(Ni,Fe,Ir)
1.AG.10Rustenburgite
(Pt,Pd)
 
3
Sn
1.AG.10Zvyagintsevite
(Pd,Pt,Au)
 
3
(Pb,Sn)
1.AG.15Taimyrite-I
(Pd,Cu,Pt)
 
3
Sn
1.AG.15Tatyanaite
(Pt,Pd,Cu)
 
9
Cu
 
3
Sn
 
4
1.AG.20Paolovite
Pd
 
2
Sn
1.AG.25Plumbopalladinite
Pd
 
3
Pb
 
2
1.AG.25Stannopalladinite
(Pd,Cu)
 
3
Sn
 
2
1.AG.30Cabriite
Pd
 
2
CuSn
1.AG.35Chengdeite
Ir
 
3
Fe
1.AG.35Isoferroplatinum
Pt
 
3
Fe
1.AG.40Ferronickelplatinum
Pt
 
2
FeNi
1.AG.40Tetraferroplatinum
PtFe
1.AG.40Tulameenite
Pt
 
2
CuFe
1.AG.45Hongshiite
PtCu
1.AG.45Skaergaardite
PdCu
1.AG.50Yixunite
Pt
 
3
In
1.AG.55Damiaoite
PtIn
 
2
1.AG.60Niggliite
PtSn
1.AG.65Bortnikovite
Pd
 
4
Cu
 
3
Zn
1.AG.70Nielsenite
PdCu
 
3
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
1.1Copper
Cu
1.2Silver
Ag
1.5Gold
Au
1.6Auricupride
Cu
 
3
Au
1.7Tetra-auricupride
AuCu
1.8Zinc
Zn
1.9Cadmium
Cd
1.10Danbaite
CuZn
 
2
1.11Zhanghengite
CuZn
1.12Mercury
Hg
1.13Kolymite
Cu
 
7
Hg
 
6
1.14Moschellandsbergite
Ag
 
2
Hg
 
3
1.15Eugenite
Ag
 
11
Hg
 
2
1.16Schachnerite
Ag
 
1.1
Hg
 
0.9
1.17Paraschachnerite
Ag
 
3
Hg
 
2
1.18Luanheite
Ag
 
3
Hg
1.19Weishanite
(Au,Ag)
 
3
Hg
 
2
1.20Indium
In
1.21Aluminium
Al
1.22Khatyrkite
(Cu,Zn)Al
 
2
1.23Cupalite
(Cu,Zn)Al
1.24Diamond
C
1.25Graphite
C
1.26Chaoite
C
1.27Lonsdaleite
C
1.28Silicon
Si
1.29Tin
Sn
1.30Lead
Pb
1.31Anyuiite
Au(Pb,Sb)
 
2
1.31Novodneprite
AuPb
 
3
1.32Leadamalgam
Pb
 
0.7
Hg
 
0.3
1.33Arsenic
As
1.34Arsenolamprite
As
1.35Paxite
CuAs
 
2
1.36Koutekite
Cu
 
5
As
 
2
1.37Domeykite
Cu
 
3
As
1.38Algodonite
(Cu
 
1-x
As
 
x
)
1.39Novakite
Cu
 
20
AgAs
 
10
1.40Kutinaite
Cu
 
2
AgAs
1.41Antimony
Sb
1.42Stibarsen
AsSb
1.43Paradocrasite
Sb
 
3
As
1.44Horsfordite
Cu, Sb
1.45Cuprostibite
Cu
 
2
(Sb,Tl)
1.46Allargentum
(Ag
 
1-x
Sb
 
x
)
1.47Aurostibite
AuSb
 
2
1.48Dyscrasite
Ag
 
3
Sb
1.49Bismuth
Bi
1.50Maldonite
Au
 
2
Bi
1.51Sulphur
S
 
8
1.52Rosickýite
S
1.53Selenium
Se
1.54Tellurium
Te
1.55Chromium
Cr
1.56Rhenium
Re
1.57Iron
Fe
1.58Chromferide
Fe
 
3
Cr
 
1-x
 (x=0.6)
1.59Ferchromide
Cr
 
1.5
Fe
 
0.5-x
1.60Wairauite
CoFe
1.61Nickel
Ni
1.62Kamacite
(Fe,Ni)
1.63Taenite
(Fe,Ni)
1.64Tetrataenite
FeNi
1.65Awaruite
Ni
 
3
Fe
1.66Palladium
(Pd,Pt)
1.67Potarite
PdHg
1.68Paolovite
Pd
 
2
Sn
1.69Stannopalladinite
(Pd,Cu)
 
3
Sn
 
2
1.70Cabriite
Pd
 
2
CuSn
1.71Taimyrite-I
(Pd,Cu,Pt)
 
3
Sn
1.73Rustenburgite
(Pt,Pd)
 
3
Sn
1.74Zvyagintsevite
(Pd,Pt,Au)
 
3
(Pb,Sn)
1.75Plumbopalladinite
Pd
 
3
Pb
 
2
1.76Osmium
(Os,Ir,Ru)
1.77Iridium
(Ir,Os,Ru)
1.82Platinum
Pt
1.83Hongshiite
PtCu
1.84Niggliite
PtSn
1.85Isoferroplatinum
Pt
 
3
Fe
1.86Tetraferroplatinum
PtFe
1.87Tulameenite
Pt
 
2
CuFe
1.88Ferronickelplatinum
Pt
 
2
FeNi
1.89Rhodium
(Rh,Pt)
Related Minerals - Dana Grouping):

- +
1.2.7.1Rustenburgite
(Pt,Pd)
 
3
Sn

Other Names for Atokite

Synonyms:
IMA1974-041
Other Languages:
German:Atokit
Russian:Атокит
Simplified Chinese:锡铂钯矿
Spanish:Atokita
Traditional Chinese:錫鉑鈀礦

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Atokite

Reference List:

- +
Mihálik, P., Hiemstra, S.A. and de Villiers, J.P.R. (1975): Rustenburgite and atokite, two new platinum-group minerals from the Merensky Reef, Bushveld Igneous Complex. Canadian Mineralogist, 13, 146-150.

American Mineralogist (1976): 61: 340.

Internet Links for Atokite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Atokite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    • Localities for Atokite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Canada
     
    • Ontario
      • Thunder Bay District
        • Marathon
    		Watkinson & Ohnenstetter (1992)
    Can. Min. 30, 121
    American Mineralogist, Volume 76, pages 1694-1700, 199l
    China
     
    • Yunnan Province
      • Dali Autonomous Prefecture
        • Midu Co.
    		Huanbin Song, Mingqin He, Shangzhong Zhang, and Fenghuang Yi (2008): Chinese Journal of Geochemistry 27, 104-108.
    Finland
     
    • Lapland Region
      • Inari
        • Lemmenjoki
    		33rd International Geological Congress (2008) session MPM-04 Platinum-group mineralogy: Pt-Pd selenides from river placers, northern Finland; Kari K. Kojonen, Andrew M. McDonald, Chris J. Stanley, and Bo Johanson (2011) Törnroosite, Pd11As2Te2, A New Mineral Species Related to Isomertieite from Miessijoki, Finnish Lapland, Finland. Can Mineral 49:1643-1651
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Taymyrskiy Autonomous Okrug
        • Taimyr Peninsula
          • Putoran Plateau
            • Noril'sk
    		[AmMin 84:1845]; Can Min 38:599-609; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
              • Talnakh Cu-Ni Deposit
    		Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
      • Transbaikalia (Zabaykalye)
        • Buriatia (Buryatia) Republic
          • Dovyren Highlands
    		Rudashevskiy N.S., Krecer D.A., Orsoev D.A., Kislov E.V. (2003) Palladium-platinum mineralization in vein Cu-Ni-ores of Yoko-Dovyrenskiy laiered massif, - DAN, 391(4), p. 519-522 (in Rus.)
    • Far-Eastern Region
      • Khabarovskiy Kray
        • Ayan-Maya district
          • Aldan shield
    		Shcheka G.G., Lehmann B., Gierth E., Gomann K., Wallianos A. (2004) Macrocrystals of Pt-Fe alloy from the Kondyor PGE placer deposit, Khabarovskiy kray, Russia: trace-element content, mineral inclusions and reaction assemblages, - Can. Miner., v.42, N2, pp. 601-617.
    • Northern Region
      • Karelia Republic
        • Northern Karelia
          • Oulanka plutonic complex
            • Olanga (Oulanka) River
    		A. Yu. Barkov et al. , Eur. J. Mineral. , 1996, 8, pp. 311-316.
      • Murmanskaja Oblast'
        • Kola Peninsula
          • Fedorovo-Pansky massif (Pana layered complex)
    		33rd International Geological Congress (2008) session MPM-04 Platinum-group mineralogy: Platinum-group minerals in the PGE deposit of the Fedorovo-Pansky layered intrusion, Kola Peninsula
    33rd International Geological Congress (2008) session MPM-04 Platinum-group mineralogy: Platinum-group minerals in the PGE deposit of the Fedorovo-Pansky layered intrusion, Kola Peninsula
          • Pechengsky District
    		Abzalov, M.Z., and Both, R.A. (1997): Mineralogy and Petrology 61, 119-143.
    South Africa
     
    • Limpopo Province
    		www.bgr.de/b423/oberthuer_ptconf_pgm_bushveld.pdf.
    Minerals of South Africa
    The Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 43, pp. 1711-1734 (2005)
      • Eastern Bushveld Complex
        • Merensky Reef
    		Can Min 13 (1975), 146
    • North West Province
      • Western Bushveld Complex
    		Minerals of South Africa
    USA
     
    • Montana
      • Stillwater Co.
        • Nye
    		Gobla, M.J. (2012) Montana mineral locality index. Rocks & Minerals, 87, #3, 208-240.
        • Stillwater Complex
          • J-M Reef (Howland Reef)
    		www.cannonmicroprobe.com/Mineral_Specimens.htm
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