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Valleriite

Big Photo

War Eagle Mine, Whitehorse Copper Belt, Whitehorse Mining District, Yukon Territory, Canada
© John Sobolewski

Show Valleriite Photos (12)
Formula:
(Fe
2+
 
,Cu)
 
4
(Mg,Al)
 
3
[(OH,O)
 
6
|S
 
4
]
System:HexagonalColour:Dark gray-bronze-yellow
Hardness:1 - 1½
Name:Named after Goran Wallerius (Vallerius) (1683-1742), Swedish mining engineer.
This page provides mineralogical data about Valleriite.

Classification of Valleriite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:2/C.23-20
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:2.FD.30

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
F : Sulfides of arsenic, alkalies; sulfides with halide, oxide, hydroxide, H2O
D : With O, OH, H2O
Dana 8th edition ID:2.14.1.1

2 : SULFIDES
14 : Hydroxysulfides and Hydrated Sulfides
Hey's CIM Ref.:4.7

4 : Oxysulphides
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Type Occurrence of Valleriite

Type Locality:Aurora mine, Kaveltorp, Kopparberg, Ljusnarsberg, Västmanland, Sweden
Year of Discovery:1870

Physical Properties of Valleriite

Lustre:Metallic
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Opaque
Colour:Dark gray-bronze-yellow
Streak:Black
Hardness (Mohs):1 - 1½

Crystallography of Valleriite

Crystal System:Hexagonal
Cell Parameters:a = 3.79Å, c = 34.1Å
Ratio:a:c = 1 : 8.997
Unit Cell Volume:V 424.19 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Chemical Properties of Valleriite

Formula:
(Fe
2+
 
,Cu)
 
4
(Mg,Al)
 
3
[(OH,O)
 
6
|S
 
4
]
Essential elements:Fe, H, Mg, O, S
All elements listed in formula:Al, Cu, Fe, H, Mg, O, S
Common Impurities:Ni,Ca,K,Na,Si

Relationship of Valleriite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):
2.FD.05Kermesite
Sb
 
2
S
 
2
O
2.FD.10Viaeneite
(Fe,Pb)
 
4
S
 
8
O
2.FD.20Erdite
NaFeS
 
2
·2H
 
2
O
2.FD.25Coyoteite
NaFe
 
3
S
 
5
·2H
 
2
O
2.FD.30Haapalaite
(Fe
2+
 
,Ni)
 
2
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
1.61
[(OH)
 
3.22
|S
 
2
]
2.FD.30Yushkinite
V
 
<1
(Mg,Al)
 
n
[(OH,O)
 
2n
|S]
2.FD.35Tochilinite
Fe
2+
5-6
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
5
[(OH)
 
10
|S
 
6
]
2.FD.40Wilhelmramsayite
Cu
 
3
FeS
 
3
·2H
 
2
O
2.FD.45Vyalsovite
FeCaAl[(OH)
 
5
|S]
2.FD.50Bazhenovite
Ca
 
8
[(OH)
 
12
|S
 
2
O
 
3
|S
 
5
] · 20H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:
4.1Bazhenovite
Ca
 
8
[(OH)
 
12
|S
 
2
O
 
3
|S
 
5
] · 20H
 
2
O
4.2Kermesite
Sb
 
2
S
 
2
O
4.3Sarabauite
CaSb
 
10
O
 
10
S
 
6
4.4Schöllhornite
Na
 
0.3
CrS
 
2
·H
 
2
O
4.5Yushkinite
V
 
<1
(Mg,Al)
 
n
[(OH,O)
 
2n
|S]
4.6Vyalsovite
FeCaAl[(OH)
 
5
|S]
4.8Tochilinite
Fe
2+
5-6
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
5
[(OH)
 
10
|S
 
6
]
4.9Haapalaite
(Fe
2+
 
,Ni)
 
2
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
1.61
[(OH)
 
3.22
|S
 
2
]
4.10Apuanite
Fe
2+
 
Fe
3+
4
Sb
3+
4
O
 
12
S
4.11Versiliaite
Fe
 
2
Fe
 
4
Sb
 
6
O
 
16
S

Other Names for Valleriite

German names:
Valleriit
Spanish names:
Valleriita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Valleriite

Reference List:Vet. Akad. Stockholm (1870), 27, 19.

Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1944), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume I: Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York. 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 834pp.: 235-236.

Zeitschrift für Kristallographie (1968): 127: 73.

American Mineralogist (1962): 57: 1037-1052.

Internet Links for Valleriite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Search for Valleriite in the Natural History Museum (London) online catalogue
  • Valleriite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    Localities for Valleriite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • New South Wales
      • Mouramba Co.
        • Nymagee
    		McKinnon, A. R., Sharpe, J. L. and Williams, P. A. (2005): Other notable mineral occurrences in the Cobar region. Australian Journal of Mineralogy, 11, 117-121.
    • Tasmania
      • Zeehan district
    		Bottrill & Sorrell 2007
    • Western Australia
      • Golden Grove
    		Copper Mineralisation in Western Australia by R.J. Marston 1979.
    Austria
     
    • Carinthia
      • Friesach - Hüttenberg area
        • Hüttenberg
          • Hüttenberger Erzberg
            • Knappenberg
    		G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995
    • Salzburg
      • Hohe Tauern Mts
        • Stubach valley
    		A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989)
      • Kitzbüheler Alpen Mts
        • Mittersill
          • Rettenbach District
    		A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989)
        • Zell am See
    		A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989)
      • Lungau
        • Murwinkel
          • Schellgaden
            • Gold mines
    		R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993)
    C. Auer: Lapis 20(11):11-20 (1995)
    • Tyrol
      • East Tyrol
        • Defereggen valley
          • St Jakob
            • Tögischgraben
    		R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993)
    Brazil
     
    • Southeast Region
      • São Paulo
        • Cajati
    		[MinRec 15:266-267]
    Canada
     
    • Northwest Territories
      • Coppermine River area
    		AmMin 50:682
    • Ontario
    		CanMin 7:85
    • Québec
      • Abitibi Co.
        • Malartic Township
          • Malartic District
    		[MinRec 7:177]
    • Yukon Territory
      • Whitehorse Mining District
        • Whitehorse Copper Belt
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
    China
     
    • Gansu (Ganzu) Province
      • Jinchang Prefecture
        • Jinchuan District
    		Kano Shimpei, Kitamura Tsuyoshi, Kitakaze Arashi, and Sun Kuoxiong (1990): Bulletin of the Research Institute of Mineral Dressing and Metallurgy, Tohoku University, 45(2), 99-104.
    • Jilin Province (Manchuria; Dongbei Region)
      • Tonghua Prefecture
        • Tonghua Co.
    		http://wrgis.wr.usgs.gov/open-file/of03-220/DATABASE/lode_deposits.txt
    • Xinjiang (Xinjiang-Uygur) Autonomous Region
      • Bayin'gholin (Bayingolin; Bayinguoleng) Autonomous Prefecture
        • Ruoqiang (Qakilik; Chaqiliq) Co.
          • Pobei ore district
    		Jingwen Mao, Pirajno, F., Zuoheng Zang, Fengmei Chai, Hua Wu, Shiping Chen, Linsong Cheng, Jianmin Yang, and Changqing Zhang (2007): Journal of Asian Earth Sciences (in press).
      • Hami (Kumul; Qumul) Prefecture
        • Hami (Kumul; Qumul) Co.
          • Huangshan-Jing'erquan ore belt
    		Zuoheng Zhang, Jingwen Mao, Andao Du, Pirajno, F., Zhiliang Wang, Fengmei Chai, Zhaochong Zhang, and Jianmin Yang (2007): Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, in press.
      • Yili Hasake (Ili Kazakh) Autonomous Prefecture
        • Aletai (Altay) Prefecture
          • Fuyun Co.
    		Zuoheng Zhang, Jingwen Mao, Andao Du, Pirajno, F., Zhiliang Wang, Fengmei Chai, Zhaochong Zhang, and Jianmin Yang (2007): Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, in press.
        • Tacheng (Tarbaghatay) Prefecture
          • Tuoli (Toli) Co.
            • Baogutu
    		Zhou, M.-F., Robinson, P.T., Malpas, J., Sun, M., Aitchison, J., Bai, W.J., Hu, X.-F., and Yang, J.-S. (2001): Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 19(4), 517-534.
    Cyprus
     
    Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
    Finland
     
    • Etelä-Suomen Lääni
      • Viljakkala
    		No reference listed
    • Oulun (Oulu) Lääni
      • Nivala
      • Vihanti
    		No reference listed
    France
     
    • Corsica
      • Haute-Corse
        • Bastia
          • Casamozza
    		H. Azias et al. : "Le problème du nickel dans les serpentinites de Corse", Extrait du Bulletin du BRGM, N°1, 1968
        • Corte
          • Ghisoni
    		H. Azias et al. : "Le problème du nickel dans les serpentinites de Corse", Extrait du Bulletin du BRGM, N°1, 1968
    P. Picot, Z. Johan : "Atlas of Ore Minerals", BRGM, Elsevier, 1982
    H. Azias et al. : "Le problème du nickel dans les serpentinites de Corse", Extrait du Bulletin du BRGM, N°1, 1968
            • Matra
    		H. Azias et al. : "Le problème du nickel dans les serpentinites de Corse", Extrait du Bulletin du BRGM, N°1, 1968
    H. Azias et al. : "Le problème du nickel dans les serpentinites de Corse", Extrait du Bulletin du BRGM, N°1, 1968
    • Rhône-Alpes
      • Savoie
        • La Lauzière massif
          • Montchabert
    		DE ASCENCAO GUEDES R.. (2000). La Lauzière : les espèces minérales, Savoie, France. Le Règne Minéral hors-série n°6, pp. 24-39. Editions du Piat.
    Germany
     
    • Bavaria
      • Franconia
        • Fichtelgebirge
          • Marktredwitz
            • Pechbrunn
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", 1990
          • Wunsiedel
            • Sinatengrün
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
      • Lower Bavaria
        • Bavarian Forest
          • Lam
    		S. Weiß: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
          • Zwiesel
            • Bodenmais
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
      • Upper Palatinate
        • Oberpfälzer Wald
          • Waldsassen
            • Pfaffenreuth
    		Lapis, 10 (9), 13-20+50.
    • Lower Saxony
      • Harz Mts
        • Goslar
          • Rammelsberg
    		No reference listed
    • Rhineland-Palatinate
      • Lahn valley
    		S. Weiß: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
    • Thuringia
      • Gera
    		T. Witzke & F. Rüger: Lapis 1998(7/8), 26-64
    Greenland
     
    • Kitaa (West Greenland) Province
      • Arsuk
        • Arsuk Firth
          • Ivittuut (Ivigtut)
    		[www.hedegaard.com]
    Guatemala
     
    • Alta Verapaz Department
    Hungary
     
    • Pest Co.
      • Börzsöny Mts.
        • Márianosztra
    		Szakáll & Jánosi. Minerals of Hungary, 1995
    • Veszprém Co.
      • Tapolcai Basin
        • Nemesgulács
    		Szakáll & Jánosi: Minerals of Hungary, 1995
    Szakáll & Jánosi: Minerals of Hungary, 1995.
    Iraq
     
    • Qala-Diz (Qala-Dizeh; Qala-Diza)
      • Hero
    Italy
     
    • Liguria
      • Genova Province
        • Castiglione Chiavarese
    		Antofilli, Borgo, Palenzona, 1985. I nostri minerali. Geologia e mineralogia in Liguria. Edizioni Melita, La Spezia
        • Genova
          • Borzoli
    		Giuseppe Pipino - L'antica miniera di Monte Ramazzo e i suoi minerali - Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Milano, vol. 8, fasc. 3, 1977 and PIpio G. (1986) - La Valleriite - tiariocronio di Monte Ramazzo (GE) in Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Milano, fasc. 1, 1986, pp. 30-35
        • Sestri Levante
    		AA. VV., 1996. Collezionare minerali. Hobby & Work.
    • Lombardy
      • Sondrio Province
        • Valfurva
          • Zebrù Valley
    		Bedognè, F., Montrasio, A., Sciesa, E. (2006). I minerali della medio-alta Valtellina, delle Orobie valtellinesi e della val Poschiavo. Aggiornamenti sulle altre località della provincia di Sondrio. Tip. Bettini, Sondrio, 255 pp.
    • Piedmont
      • Torino Province
        • Canavese District
          • Chiusella Valley
            • Traversella
    		Gruppo Mineralogico Valchiusella, Pagano, R., Barresi, A. (2005): La miniera di Traversella: passato, presente e futuro. Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 1/2005, 8-26.
        • Sesia-Lanzo zone
          • Lanzo Valley
            • Grande Valley
              • Chialamberto
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007): Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
            • Lanzo Massif
              • Balangero - Corio area
    		Prete, R. (1995): L'amiantifera di S. Vittore, Balangero, Torino. Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 4/1995, 313-333.
        • Soana Valley
          • Valprato Soana
            • Campiglia Soana
    		AA. VV., 1996. Collezionare minerali. Hobby & Work.
      • Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province
        • Ornavasso
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto. G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007): Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo " F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
    • Trentino-Alto Adige
      • Bolzano Province (South Tyrol)
        • Aurina Valley (Ahrnbach Valley)
    		Exel, R. (1987): Guida mineralogica del Trentino e del Sudtirolo. Athesia, Bolzano, 204 pp.
        • Isarco Valley (Eisack Valley)
          • Chiusa (Klausen)
    		Exel, R. (1987): Guida mineralogica del Trentino e del Sudtirolo. Athesia, Bolzano, 204 pp.
    Exel, R. (1987): Guida mineralogica del Trentino e del Sudtirolo. Athesia, Bolzano, 204 pp.
    Exel, R. (1987): Guida mineralogica del Trentino e del Sudtirolo. Athesia, Bolzano, 204 pp.
    Exel, R. (1987): Guida mineralogica del Trentino e del Sudtirolo. Athesia, Bolzano, 204 pp.
    Exel, R. (1987): Guida mineralogica del Trentino e del Sudtirolo. Athesia, Bolzano, 204 pp.
    Exel, R. (1987): Guida mineralogica del Trentino e del Sudtirolo. Athesia, Bolzano, 204 pp.
    Exel, R. (1987): Guida mineralogica del Trentino e del Sudtirolo. Athesia, Bolzano, 204 pp.
    Exel, R. (1987): Guida mineralogica del Trentino e del Sudtirolo. Athesia, Bolzano, 204 pp.
        • Passiria Valley (Passeier Valley)
    		Exel, R. (1987): Guida mineralogica del Trentino e del Sudtirolo. Athesia, Bolzano, 204 pp.
      • Trento Province
        • Valsugana
          • Pergine Valsugana
    		Exel, R. (1987): Guida mineralogica del Trentino e del Sudtirolo. Athesia, Bolzano, 204 pp.
          • Roncegno
    		De Michele, V. (1974). Guida mineralogica d'Italia. Istituto Geografico De Agostini, Novara, 2 vol.
    Japan
     
    • Kyushu Island
      • Miyazaki Prefecture
        • Hyuga City
    		Matsukuma, T. (1962) Journal of the Mining College, Akita University, Ser. A, 2, #2, 20-59.
        • Kijoh-cho
    		Matsukuma, T. (1962) Journal of the Mining College, Akita University, Ser. A, 2, #2, 20-59.
        • Takachiho
    		Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
    Kosovo
     
    • Kosovska Mitrovica
      • Trepča valley
        • Trepča complex
    		Féraud J. (1979) - La mine " Stari-Trg " (Trepca, Yougoslavie) et ses richesses minéralogiques. Avec la collaboration de Mari D. et G. (1979) Minéraux et Fossiles, n° 59-60, p. 19-28
    Madagascar
     
    • Mahajanga (Majunga) Province
      • Betsiboka Region
        • Tsaratanàna Department
    		J.Behier: Carte mineralogique de Madagascar. Archive Serv. Geol.Mad. A 1871
    Morocco
     
    • Souss-Massa-Draâ Region
      • Ouarzazate Province
        • Tazenakht
    		S. Weiß: Lapis 31(7/8), 72-73 (2006)
    Norway
     
    • Finnmark
      • Alta
        • Seiland Island
    		Oosterom (1956, pp. 82-83); Neumann (1985, p. 30).
    • Hedmark
      • Folldal
        • Folldal Mines
    		Pedersen (1979, p. 90); Neumann (1985, p. 30).
    • Nordland
      • Ballangen
        • Håfjellet
    		Foslie, S.(1950):" Supergene marcasite, replacing pyrrhotite". Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 28,144-150.Foslie (1950, p. 146); Neumann (1985, 30).
      • Fauske
        • Sulitjelma Mines
    		Ramdohr (1938, p. 282); Neumann (1985, p. 30).
      • Hemnes
        • Bleikvassli
    		Vokes (1963, p. 60); Neumann (1985, p. 30).
      • Lofoten
        • Austvågøya
    		Flood (1964, pp. 126-128); Neumann (1985, p. 30).
      • Rana
    		Saager (1867, p. 337); Neumann (1985, p. 30).
    • Sør-Trøndelag
      • Røros
        • Røros copper mines
    		Jøsang (1964, p.191); Neumann (1985, p. 30).
    Jøsang (1964, p. 191); Neumann (1985, p. 30).
    Jøsang (1964, p. 191); Neumann (1985, p. 30).
    Jøsang (1964, p. 191); Neumann (1985, p. 30).
    Jøsang (1964, p. 191); Neumann (1985, p. 30).
    Jøsang (1964, p. 191); Neumann (1985, p. 30).
    Jøsang (1964, p. 191); Neumann (1985, p. 30).
    • Troms
      • Kåfjord (Gáivuotna)
        • Kåfjorddalen
    		Vokes (1957c, pp. 126-131); Neumann (1985, p. 30).
    Poland
     
    • Lower Silesia (Dolnośląskie)
      • Kaczawskie Mts
        • Radzimowice
          • Stara Góra
    		1. R. Siuda, 2001 : New sulphate minerals from the Stara Góra oxidised zone, Radzimowice, Kaczawskie Mts., Mineralogical Society of Poland, Special Papers, vol 18, 186-188
    Janeczek, J, Kozłowski, K., Żaba, J.: Zbieramy minerały i skały. Warszawa: Wydawnictwa Geologiczne, 1991. s. 210-222.
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Krasnoyarsk Territory (Krasnoyarsk Kray; Krasnoyarskii Krai)
        • Taimyr Autonomous Region (Taymyrskiy Okrug)
          • Taimyr Peninsula
            • Putoran Plateau
              • Noril'sk
    		Am Min 66:638-639
    Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
      • Taymyrskiy Autonomous Okrug
        • Putoran Mts
          • Noril'sk
            • Norilsk-I Ci-Ni Deposit
      • Tuva Republic
        • Sayan Mts
    		No reference listed
    • Far-Eastern Region
      • Primorskiy Kray
        • Dal'negorsk (Dalnegorsk)
    		Min Rec vol 32, pp 7-30 (2001)
    • Northern Region
      • Murmanskaja Oblast'
        • Kola Peninsula
    www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/lovo.htm
    Slovakia
     
    • Banská Bystrica Region
      • Štiavnica Mts
    		Ďuďa R.,Kotuľak P., Káňa R., 1993: Bergbau und Mineralien von Banská Štiavnica (Schemnitz), Slowakei. Emser Hefte, 14, 3, 1-70, Haltern
    • Prešov Region
      • Northern Slanské Mts
    		Duda et. all.,1981:Minerály severnej časti Slanských vrchov. Min.Slovca,Monografia 2,Bratislava, 98 p
    South Africa
     
    • Limpopo Province
      • Phalaborwa
        • Loolekop
    		[MinRec 9:114]
    • Mpumalanga Province
    		Minerals of South Africa
      • Eastern Bushveld Complex
        • Lydenburg District
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
    Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
    • Northern Cape Province
      • Namaqualand
    		Min Rec 35:4 pp289-317
    Sweden
     
    • Dalarna
      • Falun
        • Grycksbo
    		No reference listed
    No reference listed
    • Lappland
      • Malå
    		No reference listed
    • Medelpad
      • Sundsvall
    		No reference listed
    • Värmland
      • Filipstad
    		Östra Värmlands Mineral Society,Långban,Sweden
    K.Gatedal
    Kjell Gatedal
    • Västerbotten
      • Norsjö
    		No reference listed
      • Skellefteå
        • Boliden
    		No reference listed
        • Kåge
    		No reference listed
    • Västmanland
      • Ljusnarsberg
        • Kopparberg
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
    Öfvers. KVA handl.(1870) 27, 19
    UK
     
    • England
      • Cornwall
        • Lizard Peninsula
          • Landewednack
    		[Golley & Williams, 1995 - 65 - "Cornish Mineral Reference Manual"]
          • Mullion
    		[Golley & Williams, 1995 - 65 - "Cornish Mineral Reference Manual"]
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Gila Co.
        • Dripping Spring Mts
          • Banner District
            • Christmas area
              • Christmas
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 409; Perry, D.V. (1969), Skarn genesis at the Christmas mine, Gila Co., AZ, Econ.Geol.: 64: 255-270; Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990.
      • Pima Co.
        • Sierrita Mts
          • Pima District (Olive District; Mineral Hill District; Twin Buttes District)
            • San Xavier
              • Mission complex
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 409; Min.Rec.: 8: 517.
        • Tucson
    		[MinRec 9:113]
    • California
      • Del Norte Co.
        • Low Divide District
    		California Geology: 48(5):119
    California Geology: 48 (5): 119
    • Georgia
      • Paulding Co.
        • Draketown Pyrite District
    		Rocks & Minerals: 64:202.
        • Hiram
    		Minerals of Georgia: Their properties and occurrences. Robert Cook GGWRD Bull 92
    • Maine
      • Hancock Co.
        • Brooksville
    		No reference listed
      • Knox Co.
        • Union
    		Thompson, W.B., et.al., 1998, Maine Mineral Localities, 3rd edition, Maine Geological Survey, Augusta.
        • Warren
    		Thompson, W.B., et.al., 1998, Maine Mineral Localities, 3rd edition, Maine Geological Survey, Augusta.
    • New Mexico
      • Grant Co.
        • Hanover-Fierro District
          • U. V. Industries Continental Pit
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
    A Listing of North Carolina Minerals- Leonard S. Wiener and Sigrid Ballew-1995
    • Vermont
      • Orange Co.
        • Strafford
          • South Strafford
    		Rocks & Min. Vol. 71, (1996)
    • Washington
      • Snohomish Co.
        • Monte Cristo District
          • Monte Cristo
    		Minerals of Washington, B. Cannon, 1975
    Zimbabwe
     
    • Midlands
      • Gweru (Gwelo) District
    		No reference listed
    Mineral and/or Locality
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