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Valleriite

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War Eagle Mine, Whitehorse Copper Belt, Whitehorse Mining District, Yukon Territory, Canada
© JSS

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Formula:
(Fe
2+
 
,Cu)
 
4
(Mg,Al)
 
3
S
 
4
(OH,O)
 
6
System:HexagonalColour:Dark gray-bronze-yellow
Hardness:1 - 1½
Member of:Valleriite Group
Name:Named after Johan Gottschalk Wallerius (Vallerius) (1709–1785) a Swedish chemist and mineralogist (see http://www.mindat.org/mesg-6-153088.html for discussion on origin of name).


Valleriite Group.

Classification of Valleriite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:2/C.23-20
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:2.FD.30

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
F : Sulfides of arsenic, alkalies; sulfides with halide, oxide, hydroxide, H2O
D : With O, OH, H2O
Dana 8th edition ID:2.14.1.1

2 : SULFIDES
14 : Hydroxysulfides and Hydrated Sulfides
Hey's CIM Ref.:4.7

4 : Oxysulphides
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Type Occurrence of Valleriite

Type Locality:Aurora mine, Kaveltorp, Kopparberg, Ljusnarsberg, Västmanland, Sweden
Year of Discovery:1870

Physical Properties of Valleriite

Lustre:Metallic
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Opaque
Colour:Dark gray-bronze-yellow
Streak:Black
Hardness (Mohs):1 - 1½

Crystallography of Valleriite

Crystal System:Hexagonal
Cell Parameters:a = 3.79Å, c = 34.1Å
Ratio:a:c = 1 : 8.997
Unit Cell Volume:V 424.19 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Chemical Properties of Valleriite

Formula:
(Fe
2+
 
,Cu)
 
4
(Mg,Al)
 
3
S
 
4
(OH,O)
 
6
Essential elements:Fe, H, Mg, O, S
All elements listed in formula:Al, Cu, Fe, H, Mg, O, S
Common Impurities:Ni,Ca,K,Na,Si

Relationship of Valleriite to other Species

Member of:Valleriite Group
Other Members of Group:

- +
Ferrotochilinite
6FeS · 5Fe(OH)
 
2
Haapalaite
(Fe
2+
 
,Ni)
 
2
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
1.61
S
 
2
(OH)
 
3.22
Tochilinite
Fe
2+
5-6
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
5
S
 
6
(OH)
 
10
Yushkinite
(Mg,Al)V
4+
 
S
 
2
(OH)
 
2
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
2.FD.UKI-2004-(OS:BiCuPb)
PbCu
 
4
Bi
 
4
S
 
2
O
 
16
 (?)
2.FD.05Kermesite
Sb
 
2
S
 
2
O
2.FD.10Viaeneite
(Fe,Pb)
 
4
S
 
8
O
2.FD.20Erdite
NaFeS
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
2.FD.25Coyoteite
NaFe
 
3
S
 
5
 · 2H
 
2
O
2.FD.30Haapalaite
(Fe
2+
 
,Ni)
 
2
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
1.61
S
 
2
(OH)
 
3.22
2.FD.30Yushkinite
(Mg,Al)V
4+
 
S
 
2
(OH)
 
2
2.FD.35Tochilinite
Fe
2+
5-6
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
5
S
 
6
(OH)
 
10
2.FD.40Wilhelmramsayite
Cu
 
3
FeS
 
3
·2H
 
2
O
2.FD.45Vyalsovite
FeCaAlS(OH)
 
5
2.FD.50Bazhenovite
Ca
 
8
S
 
2
(S
 
3
)(S
 
2
O
 
3
)(OH)
 
12
 · 20H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
4.1Bazhenovite
Ca
 
8
S
 
2
(S
 
3
)(S
 
2
O
 
3
)(OH)
 
12
 · 20H
 
2
O
4.2Kermesite
Sb
 
2
S
 
2
O
4.3Sarabauite
CaSb
3+
10
S
 
6
O
 
10
4.4Schöllhornite
Na
 
0.3
CrS
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
4.5Yushkinite
(Mg,Al)V
4+
 
S
 
2
(OH)
 
2
4.6Vyalsovite
FeCaAlS(OH)
 
5
4.8Tochilinite
Fe
2+
5-6
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
5
S
 
6
(OH)
 
10
4.9Haapalaite
(Fe
2+
 
,Ni)
 
2
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
1.61
S
 
2
(OH)
 
3.22
4.10Apuanite
Fe
2+
 
Fe
3+
4
Sb
3+
4
O
 
12
S
4.11Versiliaite
Fe
 
2
Fe
 
4
Sb
 
6
O
 
16
S

Other Names for Valleriite

Other Languages:
German:Valleriit
Simplified Chinese:墨铜矿
Spanish:Valleriita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Valleriite

Reference List:

- +
Vet. Akad. Stockholm (1870), 27, 19.

Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1944), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume I: Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York. 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 834pp.: 235-236.

Zeitschrift für Kristallographie (1968): 127: 73.

American Mineralogist (1962): 57: 1037-1052.

Internet Links for Valleriite

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  • Valleriite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    • Localities for Valleriite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Argentina
     
    • Mendoza
    		KOSTADINOFF, J. et al. Geofisica del cuerpo ultramáfico de la mina Salamanca, provincia de Mendoza. Rev. Asoc. Geol. Argent. [online]. 2004, vol.59, n.1 [citado 2011-06-03], pp. 113-120
    • San Luis
    		FERRACUTTI, G.; BJERG, E. and MOGESSIE, A.. Precious and base metals in Las Águilas, Sierra de San Luis: Mineralogy, genesis and evolution. Rev. Asoc. Geol. Argent. [online]. 2007, vol.62, n.3, pp. 434-446.
    Australia
     
    • New South Wales
      • Clarke Co.
        • Rockvale
    		McClatchie & Sylvester (1970)
      • Mouramba Co.
        • Nymagee
    		McKinnon, A. R., Sharpe, J. L. and Williams, P. A. (2005): Other notable mineral occurrences in the Cobar region. Australian Journal of Mineralogy, 11, 117-121.
      • Yancowinna Co.
        • Broken Hill
    		Ramdohr, P. (1950): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 2(4), 291-333.
    Ramdohr, P. (1950): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 2(4), 291-333.
    Ramdohr, P. (1950): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 2(4), 291-333.
    Ramdohr, P. (1950): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 2(4), 291-333.
    Ramdohr, P. (1950): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 2(4), 291-333.
    Ramdohr, P. (1950): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 2(4), 291-333.
    Ramdohr, P. (1950): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 2(4), 291-333.
    Ramdohr, P. (1950): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 2(4), 291-333.
    • Tasmania
      • Zeehan district
    		Bottrill & Sorrell 2007
    Ralph Bottrill collection
    • Western Australia
      • Golden Grove
    		Copper Mineralisation in Western Australia by R.J. Marston 1979.
      • Goldfields-Esperance region
        • Kalgoorlie-Boulder City
          • Kalgoorlie
    		John Barry (1974) Geochemistry of the Scotia Nickel Deposit PhD thesis University of Adelaide
      • Wiluna Shire
        • Mount Keith
    		Grguric, B.A. (2003) Minerals of the MKD5 nickel deposit, Mount Keith, Western Australia. Australian Journal of Mineralogy, Vol. 9, No. 2 , pg. 55-71.
    Austria
     
    • Burgenland
      • Oberwart
        • Bernstein
    		Huber, S. & Huber, P. (1977): Mineral-Fundstellen Band 8: Oberösterreich, Niederösterreich und Burgenland. C. Weise Verlag, München, 270 pp. ; Feuerbach, M. & H. J. Unger (1969): Die Schwefelkieslagerstätte Bernstein (Burgenland, Österreich). Arch. f. Lagerst.forsch. Ostalpen, 9, 3-33.
    • Carinthia
      • Friesach - Hüttenberg area
        • Hüttenberg
          • Hüttenberger Erzberg
            • Knappenberg
    		G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995
    • Salzburg
      • Hohe Tauern Mts
        • Stubach valley
    		A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989)
      • Kitzbüheler Alpen Mts
        • Mittersill
          • Rettenbach District
    		A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989)
        • Zell am See
    		A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs (1989)
          • Piesendorf
    		Archiv f.Lagerstättenforschung
      • Lungau
        • Murwinkel
          • Schellgaden
            • Gold mines
    		R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993)
    C. Auer: Lapis 20(11):11-20 (1995)
    • Tyrol
      • East Tyrol
        • Defereggen valley
          • St Jakob
            • Tögischgraben
    		R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993)
    Brazil
     
    • Minas Gerais
      • Fortaleza de Minas
    		Marchetto (1990) Econ Geol 85:921-927
    • São Paulo
      • Cajati
    		[MinRec 15:266-267]
    Canada
     
    • Northwest Territories
      • Coppermine River area
    		AmMin 50:682
      • Mackenzie District
        • Itchen Lake
    		Canadian Mineralogist (1984) 22, 493-498
    • Ontario
    		CanMin 7:85
    • Québec
      • Abitibi-Témiscamingue
        • Abitibi RCM
          • La Motte
    		Sabina (2003)126
    Mineralogical Record (1976): 7(6): 174-178.
    Mineral Record (1976) 7:4 pp174-178
    Mineral Record (1976) 7:4 pp174-178
      • Outaouais
        • Les Collines-de-l'Outaouais RCM
          • Chelsea
    		Sabina, A.P. (1987) Rocks & Minerals for the collector; Hull-Maniwaki, Quebec, Ottawa-Peterborough, Ontario. GSC Misc. Report 41, 34-35 p.
    • Yukon Territory
      • Whitehorse Mining District
        • Whitehorse Copper Belt
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
    Chile
     
    • Santiago Metropolitan Region
      • Santiago Province
    		Econ Geol (1985) 80:1544-1565
    China
     
    • Anhui Province
      • Tongling Prefecture
        • Tongling Mining District
          • Tongguanshan ore field
    		Junwu Lu and Yuanfa Xia (2001): Geology and Prospecting 37(3), 29-31
    • Gansu Province
      • Jinchang Prefecture
        • Jinchuan District
    		Kano Shimpei, Kitamura Tsuyoshi, Kitakaze Arashi, and Sun Kuoxiong (1990): Bulletin of the Research Institute of Mineral Dressing and Metallurgy, Tohoku University, 45(2), 99-104.
    • Guizhou Province
      • Zunyi Prefecture
        • Zunyi Co.
          • Zunyi Ni-Mo-PGE-Au ore field
    		Nansheng Chen (1996), In: Tu Guangzhi (ed.): "Geochemistry of Strata-Bound Deposits in China", Science Press (Beijing), 528-548
    • Hunan Province
      • Zhangjiajie Prefecture
        • Cili Co.
    		Nansheng Chen (1996), In: Tu Guangzhi (ed.): "Geochemistry of Strata-Bound Deposits in China", Science Press (Beijing), 528-548
    • Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region
      • Hinggan League (Xing'an Prefecture)
        • Horqin Right Middle Banner (Ke'erqin Youyi Zhongqi)
    		Bingjian Xiao (2000): Contributions to Geology and Mineral Resources Research 23(1), 27-31
    • Jilin Province (Manchuria; Dongbei Region)
      • Tonghua Prefecture
        • Tonghua Co.
    		http://wrgis.wr.usgs.gov/open-file/of03-220/DATABASE/lode_deposits.txt
    • Liaoning Province (Manchuria; Dongbei Region)
      • Liaodong Peninsula
        • Dalian Prefecture
          • Zhuanghe Co.
    		Matsuda, K. (1969) Copper-bearing contact deposits of Hua-tung-kou, Fu Hsien, Feng-tien province, Manchuria (in: Geology and Mineral Resources of the Far East, vol. 2, pp 414-422, Tokyo University Press).
    • Xinjiang (Xinjiang-Uygur) Autonomous Region
      • Bayin'gholin (Bayingolin; Bayinguoleng) Autonomous Prefecture
        • Ruoqiang (Qakilik; Chaqiliq) Co.
          • Pobei ore district
    		Jingwen Mao, Pirajno, F., Zuoheng Zang, Fengmei Chai, Hua Wu, Shiping Chen, Linsong Cheng, Jianmin Yang, and Changqing Zhang (2007): Journal of Asian Earth Sciences (in press).
      • Hami (Kumul; Qumul) Prefecture
        • Hami (Kumul; Qumul) Co.
          • Huangshan-Jing'erquan ore belt
    		Zuoheng Zhang, Jingwen Mao, Andao Du, Pirajno, F., Zhiliang Wang, Fengmei Chai, Zhaochong Zhang, and Jianmin Yang (2007): Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, in press.
      • Yili Hasake (Ili Kazakh) Autonomous Prefecture
        • Aletai (Altay) Prefecture
          • Fuyun Co. (Koktokay Co.)
    		Zuoheng Zhang, Jingwen Mao, Andao Du, Pirajno, F., Zhiliang Wang, Fengmei Chai, Zhaochong Zhang, and Jianmin Yang (2007): Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, in press.
        • Tacheng (Tarbaghatay) Prefecture
          • Tuoli (Toli) Co.
            • Sartohay (Sartokay; Sartuohai; Saertuohai)
    		Zhou, M.-F., Robinson, P.T., Malpas, J., Sun, M., Aitchison, J., Bai, W.J., Hu, X.-F., and Yang, J.-S. (2001): Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 19(4), 517-534.
    • Yunnan Province
      • Qujing Prefecture
        • Zhanyi Co.
    		Nansheng Chen (1996), In: Tu Guangzhi (ed.): "Geochemistry of Strata-Bound Deposits in China", Science Press (Beijing), 528-548
    Cuba
     
    • Oriente Province
      • Mayarí-Baracoa Belt
        • Moa-Baracoa District
          • Barracanao (Baracoa)
    		Lazarenkov, V.G., Tikhomirov, I.N., Zhidkov, A.Y., and Talovina, I.V. (2005): Lithology and Mineral Resources 40(6), 521-527.
    Cyprus
     
    • Limassol District (Lemesos District; Limasol District; Leymosun District)
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
    Egypt
     
    • Red Sea Governorate
      • Eastern Desert
    		Helmy, H.M., and Mogessie, A. (2001): Mineralium Deposita 36, 58-71.
    Finland
     
    • Oulu Province
      • Nivala
    		Econ Geol (1986) 81:1236-1241
      • Vihanti
    		No reference listed
    • Southern Finland Province
      • Viljakkala
    		No reference listed
    France
     
    • Corsica
      • Haute-Corse
        • Bastia
          • Casamozza
    		H. Azias et al. : "Le problème du nickel dans les serpentinites de Corse", Extrait du Bulletin du BRGM, N°1, 1968
        • Corte
          • Ghisoni
    		H. Azias et al. : "Le problème du nickel dans les serpentinites de Corse", Extrait du Bulletin du BRGM, N°1, 1968
    P. Picot, Z. Johan : "Atlas of Ore Minerals", BRGM, Elsevier, 1982
    H. Azias et al. : "Le problème du nickel dans les serpentinites de Corse", Extrait du Bulletin du BRGM, N°1, 1968
            • Matra
    		H. Azias et al. : "Le problème du nickel dans les serpentinites de Corse", Extrait du Bulletin du BRGM, N°1, 1968
    H. Azias et al. : "Le problème du nickel dans les serpentinites de Corse", Extrait du Bulletin du BRGM, N°1, 1968
    • Rhône-Alpes
      • Savoie
        • La Lauzière massif
          • Montchabert
    		DE ASCENCAO GUEDES R.. (2000). La Lauzière : les espèces minérales, Savoie, France. Le Règne Minéral hors-série n°6, pp. 24-39. Editions du Piat.
    Germany
     
    • Baden-Württemberg
      • Odenwald
        • Eberbach
    		Frenzel, G. (1953): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 3(6), 409-444.
    • Bavaria
      • Franconia
        • Fichtelgebirge
          • Marktredwitz
            • Pechbrunn
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", 1990
          • Wunsiedel
            • Sinatengrün
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
      • Lower Bavaria
        • Bavarian Forest
          • Lam
    		S. Weiß: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
          • Zwiesel
            • Bodenmais
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
      • Upper Palatinate
        • Oberpfälzer Wald
          • Waldsassen
            • Pfaffenreuth
    		Lapis, 10 (9), 13-20+50.
    • Lower Saxony
      • Harz Mts
        • Goslar
          • Rammelsberg
    		No reference listed
    • Rhineland-Palatinate
      • Lahn valley
    		S. Weiß: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
    • Saxony
      • Erzgebirge
        • Bad Gottleuba-Berggießhübel
    		Baumann, L., Kuschka, E., and Seifert, T. (2000): Lagerstätten des Erzgebirges. Enke (Stuttgart), 300 pp.
    • Thuringia
      • Gera
    		T. Witzke & F. Rüger: Lapis 1998(7/8), 26-64
    Greenland
     
    • Kitaa (West Greenland) Province
      • Arsuk
        • Arsuk Firth
          • Ivittuut (Ivigtut)
    Guatemala
     
    • Alta Verapaz Department
    		Econ Geol (1980) 75:1053-1065
    Hungary
     
    • Pest Co.
      • Börzsöny Mts.
        • Márianosztra
    		Szakáll & Jánosi. Minerals of Hungary, 1995
    • Veszprém Co.
      • Balaton Uplands
        • Tapolcai Basin
          • Nemesgulács
    		Szakáll & Jánosi: Minerals of Hungary, 1995
    Szakáll & Jánosi: Minerals of Hungary, 1995.
    Indonesia
     
    • Irian Jaya (New Guinea)
      • Papua Province
        • New Guinea
          • Carstensz Mts
    		Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.
    Iraq
     
    • Qala-Diz (Qala-Dizeh; Qala-Diza)
      • Hero
    Italy
     
    • Liguria
      • Genova Province
        • Castiglione Chiavarese
    		Antofilli, Borgo, Palenzona, 1985. I nostri minerali. Geologia e mineralogia in Liguria. Edizioni Melita, La Spezia
        • Genova
          • Borzoli
    		Giuseppe Pipino - L'antica miniera di Monte Ramazzo e i suoi minerali - Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Milano, vol. 8, fasc. 3, 1977 and PIpio G. (1986) - La Valleriite - tiariocronio di Monte Ramazzo (GE) in Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Milano, fasc. 1, 1986, pp. 30-35
        • Sestri Levante
    		AA. VV., 1996. Collezionare minerali. Hobby & Work.
    • Lombardy
      • Sondrio Province
        • Valfurva
          • Zebrù Valley
    		Bedognè, F., Montrasio, A., Sciesa, E. (2006). I minerali della medio-alta Valtellina, delle Orobie valtellinesi e della val Poschiavo. Aggiornamenti sulle altre località della provincia di Sondrio. Tip. Bettini, Sondrio, 255 pp.
    • Piedmont
      • Torino Province
        • Canavese District
          • Chiusella Valley
            • Traversella
    		Gruppo Mineralogico Valchiusella, Pagano, R., Barresi, A. (2005): La miniera di Traversella: passato, presente e futuro. Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 1/2005, 8-26.
          • Léssolo
            • Cálea
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007). Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
        • Sesia-Lanzo zone
          • Lanzo Valley
            • Grande Valley
              • Chialamberto
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007): Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
            • Lanzo Massif
              • Balangero - Corio area
    		Prete, R. (1995): L'amiantifera di S. Vittore, Balangero, Torino. Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 4/1995, 313-333.
        • Soana Valley
          • Valprato Soana
            • Campiglia Soana
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007). Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
            • Piamprato
    		AA. VV., 1996. Collezionare minerali. Hobby & Work.
        • Susa Valley
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007). Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
    Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007). Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
      • Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province
        • Ornavasso
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto. G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007): Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo " F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
      • Vercelli Province
        • Mastallone Valley
          • Rimella
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007). Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
        • Sesia Valley
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007). Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
    • Trentino-Alto Adige
      • Bolzano Province (South Tyrol)
        • Aurina Valley (Ahrnbach Valley)
    		Exel, R. (1987): Guida mineralogica del Trentino e del Sudtirolo. Athesia, Bolzano, 204 pp.
        • Isarco Valley (Eisack Valley)
          • Chiusa (Klausen)
    		Exel, R. (1987): Guida mineralogica del Trentino e del Sudtirolo. Athesia, Bolzano, 204 pp.
    Exel, R. (1987): Guida mineralogica del Trentino e del Sudtirolo. Athesia, Bolzano, 204 pp.
    Exel, R. (1987): Guida mineralogica del Trentino e del Sudtirolo. Athesia, Bolzano, 204 pp.
    Exel, R. (1987): Guida mineralogica del Trentino e del Sudtirolo. Athesia, Bolzano, 204 pp.
    Exel, R. (1987): Guida mineralogica del Trentino e del Sudtirolo. Athesia, Bolzano, 204 pp.
    Exel, R. (1987): Guida mineralogica del Trentino e del Sudtirolo. Athesia, Bolzano, 204 pp.
    Exel, R. (1987): Guida mineralogica del Trentino e del Sudtirolo. Athesia, Bolzano, 204 pp.
    Exel, R. (1987): Guida mineralogica del Trentino e del Sudtirolo. Athesia, Bolzano, 204 pp.
        • Passiria Valley (Passeier Valley)
    		Exel, R. (1987): Guida mineralogica del Trentino e del Sudtirolo. Athesia, Bolzano, 204 pp.
      • Trento Province
        • Valsugana
          • Pergine Valsugana
    		Exel, R. (1987): Guida mineralogica del Trentino e del Sudtirolo. Athesia, Bolzano, 204 pp.
          • Roncegno
    		De Michele, V. (1974). Guida mineralogica d'Italia. Istituto Geografico De Agostini, Novara, 2 vol.
    Japan
     
    • Hokkaido
      • Kamikawa Province
        • Shimokawa
    		Kamitani, M., Okumura, K., Teraoka, Y., Miyano, S., and Watanabe, Y. (2007): Mineral Resources Map of East Asia. Geological Survey of Japan.
    • Kyushu Region
      • Miyazaki Prefecture
        • Hyuga City
    		Matsukuma, T. (1962) Journal of the Mining College, Akita University, Ser. A, 2, #2, 20-59.
        • Kijoh-cho
    		Matsukuma, T. (1962) Journal of the Mining College, Akita University, Ser. A, 2, #2, 20-59.
        • Takachiho
    		Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
    Kazakhstan
     
    • Eastern Kazakhstan Province (Shyghys Qazaqstan Oblysy; Vostochno-Kazakhstanskaya Oblast')
    		Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.
    • Karagandy Province (Qaragandy Oblysy; Karaganda Oblast')
      • Balkhash (Balqash; Karatas; Prebalkhashie) Region
        • Balkhash (Balqash)
          • Kounrad Massif
    		Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.
    • Kostanay Province (Qostanay Oblysy; Kostanai Oblast')
    		Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.
    Kosovo
     
    • Kosovska Mitrovica
      • Trepča valley
        • Trepča complex
    		Féraud J. (1979) - La mine " Stari-Trg " (Trepca, Yougoslavie) et ses richesses minéralogiques. Avec la collaboration de Mari D. et G. (1979) Minéraux et Fossiles, n° 59-60, p. 19-28
    Madagascar
     
    • Mahajanga (Majunga) Province
      • Betsiboka Region
        • Tsaratanàna District
    		Behier, J. (1963): Carte mineralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Géologique Madagascar. A 1871
    Morocco
     
    • Souss-Massa-Draâ Region
      • Ouarzazate Province
        • Tazenakht
    		S. Weiß: Lapis 31(7/8), 72-73 (2006)
    Norway
     
    • Finnmark
      • Alta
        • Seiland Island
    		Oosterom (1956, pp. 82-83); Neumann (1985, p. 30).
    • Hedmark
      • Folldal
    		- Pedersen, S.A.S.(1979): Structures and Ore Genesis of the Grimsdalen Sulphide Deposits, Southern Trondheim Region, Norway. Norges Geologiske Undersøkelse 351: 77-98 + map
    • Nordland
      • Ballangen
        • Håfjellet
    		Foslie, S.(1950):" Supergene marcasite, replacing pyrrhotite". Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 28,144-150.Foslie (1950, p. 146); Neumann (1985, 30).
      • Fauske
        • Sulitjelma
          • Sulitjelma Cu Mines
    		Ramdohr, P.(1938): Antimonreiche Paragenesen von Jakobsbakken bei Sulitjelma. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 18: 275-289
      • Hemnes
        • Bleikvassli
    		Vokes (1963, p. 60); Neumann (1985, p. 30).; Cook, N.J., Spry, P.G., and Vokes, F.M. (1998): Mineralium Deposita 34, 35-56.
      • Lofoten
        • Austvågøya
    		Flood (1964, pp. 126-128); Neumann (1985, p. 30).
      • Rana
    		Saager (1867, p. 337); Neumann (1985, p. 30).
    • Sør-Trøndelag
      • Røros
        • Røros copper mines
    		Jøsang, O. 1964: En mikroskopisk undersøkelse av en del av Rørosmalmene. Norges geologiske undersøkelse. 228, 180-216
    Jøsang, O. 1964: En mikroskopisk undersøkelse av en del av Rørosmalmene. Norges geologiske undersøkelse. 228, 180-216
          • Storwartz mine field
    		Jøsang, O. 1964: En mikroskopisk undersøkelse av en del av Rørosmalmene. Norges geologiske undersøkelse. 228, 180-216
    Jøsang, O. 1964: En mikroskopisk undersøkelse av en del av Rørosmalmene. Norges geologiske undersøkelse. 228, 180-216
    Jøsang, O. 1964: En mikroskopisk undersøkelse av en del av Rørosmalmene. Norges geologiske undersøkelse. 228, 180-216
    Jøsang, O. 1964: En mikroskopisk undersøkelse av en del av Rørosmalmene. Norges geologiske undersøkelse. 228, 180-216
    Jøsang, O. 1964: En mikroskopisk undersøkelse av en del av Rørosmalmene. Norges geologiske undersøkelse. 228, 180-216
    • Troms
      • Kåfjord (Gáivuotna)
        • Kåfjorddalen
    		Vokes (1957c, pp. 126-131); Neumann (1985, p. 30).
    Peru
     
    • Pasco department
      • Pasco province
        • Cerro de Pasco
          • Atacocha mining district
    		De Montreuil, L.A. (1971): Ocurrencia de valleriita an Atacocha, Peru: Boletin de la Sociedad Geologica del Peru, 41, 5–14.
    Poland
     
    • Lower Silesia (Dolnośląskie)
      • Kaczawskie Mts
        • Radzimowice
          • Stara Góra
    		1. R. Siuda, 2001 : New sulphate minerals from the Stara Góra oxidised zone, Radzimowice, Kaczawskie Mts., Mineralogical Society of Poland, Special Papers, vol 18, 186-188
    Janeczek, J, Kozłowski, K., Żaba, J.: Zbieramy minerały i skały. Warszawa: Wydawnictwa Geologiczne, 1991. s. 210-222.
    Republic of Macedonia
     
    • Kratovo-Zletovo ore District
    		RMZ - Materials and Geoenvironment Vol 52 No. 3 pp 535-548 (2006)
    • Radovish
    		Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.
    Romania
     
    • Caras-Severin Co.
      • Banat Mts
        • Ocna de Fier-Dognecea District
          • Ocna de Fier (Vaskö-Moraviţa; Vaskö-Moravicza; Eisenstein)
    		Mineralogical Magazine, Vol. 65(3), pp. 351–372
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Taymyrskiy Autonomous Okrug
        • Taimyr Peninsula
          • Putoran Plateau
    		Econ Geol (1986) 81:1203-1212
              • Noril'sk Cu-Ni deposit
    		Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
    Gritsenko, Y.D., and Spiridonov, E.M. (2008): Geology of Ore Deposits 50(7), 590-598.
    Am Min 66:638-639; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow; Geology of Ore Deposits (2009) 50:755-762
              • Talnakh Cu-Ni Deposit
    		Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
      • Transbaikalia (Zabaykalye)
        • Chitinskaya Oblast'
          • Udokan
    		Cox, D.P., Lindsey, D.A., Singer, D.A., Moring, B.C., and Diggles, M.F. (2003): USGS Open-File Report 03-107
      • Tuva Republic
        • Sayan Mts
          • Eastern Sayan
    		Alexander V. Dedeev et al (2002) The PGE-Bearing Sulphide Ores of the Kingash Mafic-Ultramafic Differentiated Intrusion and Ore Processing Characteristics, East Sajan, Russia. 9th annual platinum symposium
    • Far-Eastern Region
      • Primorskiy Kray
        • Dal'negorsk (Dalnegorsk; Tetyukhe; Tjetjuche; Tetjuche)
    		Min Rec vol 32, pp 7-30 (2001)
    • Northern Region
      • Murmanskaja Oblast'
        • Kola Peninsula
    		Handbook of Mineralogy - Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols
    www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/lovo.htm
    • Urals Region
      • Middle Urals
        • Ekaterinburgskaya (Sverdlovskaya) Oblast'
          • Kirovgrad
    		Vikent'ev, I.V., Moloshag, V.P. and Yudovskaya, M.A. (2006): Geology of Ore Deposits 48(2), 77-107.
    Serbia
     
    • Podrinje District
      • Boranja orefield
    		Radosavljevic-Mihajlovic, A. S., Stojanovic, J. N., Dimitrijevic, R. Z. & Radosavljevic, S. A. (2007): Rare Pb-Bi sulfosalt mineralization from the Boranja orefield (Podrinje district, Serbia). Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Abhandlungen, 184, 217-224.
    Slovakia
     
    • Banská Bystrica Region
      • Banská Štiavnica Co.
        • Vysoká
    		Lexa, J., Štohl, J., and Konečný, V. (1999): Mineralium Deposita 34, 639-654.
    • Prešov Region
      • Prešov Co.
    		Duda et. all.,1981:Minerály severnej časti Slanských vrchov. Min.Slovca,Monografia 2,Bratislava, 98 p
    South Africa
     
    • Eastern Cape Province
      • Transkei
        • Pondoland
          • Insizwa
    		Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 19, pp. 607-618 (1981)
    • Limpopo Province
      • Phalaborwa
        • Loolekop
    		[MinRec 9:114]
    • Mpumalanga Province
    		Minerals of South Africa
      • Eastern Bushveld Complex
        • Lydenburg District
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
    Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
    • Northern Cape Province
      • Namaqualand
    		Min Rec 35:4 pp289-317
    Sweden
     
    • Dalarna
      • Falun
        • Grycksbo
    		No reference listed
    No reference listed
    • Lappland
      • Malå
    		No reference listed
      • Vilhelmina
    		Juve, Gunnar (1974) - Ore mineralogy and ore types of the Stekenjokk deposit, Central Scandinavian Caledonides, Sweden. SGU ser C 706.
    • Medelpad
      • Sundsvall
    		Kresten,P. (1990): The Alnø area (in Swedish). In: Lundqvist, T. (Ed.), Beskrivning Till Bergrundskartan Over Västernorrlands län. Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning serie Ba, 31, 238–278.
    • Närke
      • Askersund
        • Zinkgruvan
    		Sandström, F., Lorin, T, Niklasson, S.O. & Strand, U. (2011): Zinkgruvan. Litiofilen, 28 (1): 15-37
    • Värmland
      • Filipstad
    		K.Gatedal
        • Långban district
    		Kjell Gatedal
        • Persberg district
    		Östra Värmlands Mineral Society,Långban,Sweden
    • Västerbotten
      • Boliden
    		No reference listed
      • Norsjö
    		Ödman, O. (1939): The Au-Cu-As ore at Holmtjärn, Skellefte District, N. Sweden. Geologiska Föreningen i Stockholm Förhandlingar. 61: 91-111
      • Sandfors
    		No reference listed
    • Västmanland
      • Ljusnarsberg
        • Kopparberg
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
    Öfvers. KVA handl.(1870) 27, 19
    Switzerland
     
    • Grischun (Grisons; Graubünden)
      • Albula Valley
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 423.
          • Marmorera lake
    		Volker Dietrich (1972) Die sulfidischen Vererzungen in den Oberhalbsteiner Serpentiniten. Beitrage zur Geologie der Schweiz. Geotechnische Serie 49.
    • Wallis (Valais)
      • Simplon
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 423.
    UK
     
    • England
      • Cornwall
        • Lizard Peninsula
          • Mullion
    		[Golley & Williams, 1995 - 65 - "Cornish Mineral Reference Manual"]
    [Golley & Williams, 1995 - 65 - "Cornish Mineral Reference Manual"]
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Gila Co.
        • Dripping Spring Mts
          • Banner District
            • Christmas area
              • Christmas
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 409; Perry, D.V. (1969), Skarn genesis at the Christmas mine, Gila Co., AZ, Econ.Geol.: 64: 255-270; Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990.
      • Pima Co.
        • Sierrita Mts
          • Pima District (Olive District; Mineral Hill District; Twin Buttes District)
            • San Xavier
              • Mission complex
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 409; Min.Rec.: 8: 517.
        • Tucson
    		[MinRec 9:113]
    • California
      • Del Norte Co.
        • Klamath Mts
    		 Gail E. Dunning and Joseph F. Cooper, Jr. (2002) Paragenesis of Troilite from the Low Divide District, Del Norte County, California
            • Low Divide
    		California Geology: 48(5):119; Gail E. Dunning and Joseph F. Cooper, Jr. (2002) Paragenesis of Troilite from the Low Divide District, Del Norte County, California
    California Geology: 48 (5): 119
    • Georgia
      • Paulding Co.
        • Draketown Pyrite District
    		Rocks & Minerals: 64:202.
        • Hiram
    		Minerals of Georgia: Their properties and occurrences. Robert Cook GGWRD Bull 92
    • Maine
      • Hancock Co.
        • Brooksville
    		King, V. and Foord, E., 1994, Mineralogy of Maine, v1.
      • Knox Co.
        • Union
    		Thompson, W.B., et.al., 1998, Maine Mineral Localities, 3rd edition, Maine Geological Survey, Augusta.
        • Warren
    		Thompson, W.B., et.al., 1998, Maine Mineral Localities, 3rd edition, Maine Geological Survey, Augusta.
    • New Mexico
      • Grant Co.
        • Hanover-Fierro District
          • U. V. Industries Continental Pit
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
    A Listing of North Carolina Minerals- Leonard S. Wiener and Sigrid Ballew-1995
    • Vermont
      • Orange Co.
        • Strafford
          • South Strafford
    		Rocks & Min. Vol. 71, (1996)
    • Washington
      • Snohomish Co.
        • Monte Cristo District
          • Monte Cristo
    		Minerals of Washington, B. Cannon, 1975
    Zimbabwe
     
    • Midlands
      • Gweru (Gwelo) District
    		Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 17, pp.337-349 (1979)
    Mineral and/or Locality
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