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Varulite

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Varuträsk, Skellefteå, Västerbotten, Sweden
© 2008, J. Weissman

Formula:
NaCaMn
2+
 
Mn
2+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
System:MonoclinicColour:Dark olive-green
Hardness:5
Name:Named after its discovery locality, Boliden Mine, VARUträsk, Vasterbotten, Sweden.


Alluaudite Group, Hagendorfite-Varulite Series.

Classification of Varulite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:7/A.06-100
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:8.AC.10

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
A : Phosphates, etc. without additional anions, without H2O
C : With medium-sized and large cations
Dana 7th edition ID:38.2.4.1
Dana 8th edition ID:38.2.3.3

38 : ANHYDROUS NORMAL PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, AND VANADATES
2 : (AB)5(XO4)3
Hey's CIM Ref.:19.12.50

19 : Phosphates
12 : Phosphates of Mn
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Type Occurrence of Varulite

Type Locality:Varuträsk, Skellefteå, Västerbotten, Sweden
Year of Discovery:1937

Physical Properties of Varulite

Lustre:Greasy
Colour:Dark olive-green
Hardness (Mohs):5

Crystallography of Varulite

Crystal System:Monoclinic

Optical Data of Varulite

Type:Biaxial (+)
RI values: nα = 1.708 nγ = 1.722
2V:Measured: 70°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.014

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Moderate
Dispersion:r > v

Chemical Properties of Varulite

Formula:
NaCaMn
2+
 
Mn
2+
2
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
Essential elements:Mn, N, Na, O, P
All elements listed in formula:Ca, Mn, Na, O, P

Relationship of Varulite to other Species

Series:Forms a series with Hagendorfite (see here)
Related to:
  • Triphylite Group
    • Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):
    8.AC.05Howardevansite
    NaCuFe
     
    2
    		(VO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    8.AC.10Alluaudite
    (Na,Ca)Mn
    2+
     
    		(Fe
    3+
     
    		,Mn
    2+
     
    		,Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mg)
     
    2
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    8.AC.10Arseniopleite
    NaCaMn
    2+
     
    		(Mn
    2+
     
    		,Mg)
     
    2
    		(AsO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    8.AC.10Caryinite
    (Na,Pb)(Ca,Na)((Ca,Mn
    2+
     
    		)(Mn
    2+
     
    		,Mg,Fe
    3+
     
    		)[AsO
     
    4
    		]
     
    3
    8.AC.10Ferroalluaudite
    (Na,Ca)Fe
    2+
     
    		(Fe
    3+
     
    		,Mn
    2+
     
    		,Fe
    2+
     
    		)
     
    2
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    8.AC.10Hagendorfite
    NaCaMn
    2+
     
    		Fe
    2+
    2
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    8.AC.10Johillerite
    Na(Mg,Zn)
     
    3
    		Cu[AsO
     
    4
    		]
     
    3
    8.AC.10Maghagendorfite
    NaMn(Mg,Fe,Fe)
     
    3
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    8.AC.10Nickenichite
    Na
     
    0.8
    		Ca
     
    0.4
    		Cu
     
    0.4
    		(Mg,Fe)
     
    3
    		(AsO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    8.AC.10Ferrohagendorfite
    (Na,Ca)
     
    2
    		Fe
    2+
     
    		(Fe
    2+
     
    		,Fe
    3+
     
    		)
     
    2
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    8.AC.10Bradaczekite
    NaCu
     
    4
    		(AsO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    8.AC.10Yazganite
    NaFe
    3+
    2
    		(Mg,Mn
    2+
     
    		)[AsO
     
    4
    		]
     
    3
    		 · H
     
    2
    		O
    8.AC.10Ferro-alluaudite
    8.AC.15Bobfergusonite
    Na
     
    2
    		Mn
     
    5
    		FeAl(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    6
    8.AC.15Ferrowyllieite
    (Na,Ca,Mn)(Fe,Mn)(Fe,Fe,Mg)Al(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    8.AC.15Qingheiite
    NaMn
    3+
     
    		Mg(Al,Fe
    3+
     
    		)[PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    3
    8.AC.15Rosemaryite
    (Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe
    2+
     
    		)(Fe
    3+
     
    		,Mg)Al(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    8.AC.15Wyllieite
    (Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Al(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    8.AC.15Ferrorosemaryite
    []NaFe
    2+
     
    		Fe
    3+
     
    		Al(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    8.AC.20Marićite
    NaFe
    2+
     
    		[PO
     
    4
    		]
    8.AC.25Berzeliite
    NaCa
     
    2
    		(Mg,Mn
    2+
     
    		)
     
    2
    		[AsO
     
    4
    		]
     
    3
    8.AC.25Manganberzeliite
    (Ca,Na)
     
    3
    		(Mn
    2+
     
    		,Mg)
     
    2
    		[AsO
     
    4
    		]
     
    3
    8.AC.25Palenzonaite
    (Ca,Na)
     
    3
    		CaMn
    2+
    2
    		[VO
     
    4
    		]
     
    3
    8.AC.25Schäferite
    Ca
     
    2
    		NaMg
     
    2
    		[VO
     
    4
    		]
     
    3
    8.AC.30Brianite
    Na
     
    2
    		CaMg[PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    8.AC.35Vitusite-(Ce)
    Na
     
    3
    		(Ce,La,Nd)(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    8.AC.40Olgite
    Ba(NaSr)
     
    2
    		Na[PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    8.AC.40Bario-olgite
    Ba(Na,Sr,REE)
     
    2
    		Na[PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    8.AC.45Strontiowhitlockite
    Sr
     
    9
    		MgH[PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    7
    8.AC.45Whitlockite
    Ca
     
    9
    		Mg[PO
     
    3
    		OH][PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    6
    8.AC.45Merrillite
    Ca
     
    18
    		Na
     
    2
    		Mg
    2+
    2
    		[PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    14
    8.AC.45Tuite
    Ca
     
    3
    		[PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    8.AC.45Ferromerrillite
    Ca
     
    9
    		Fe
    2+
     
    		Na[PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    7
    8.AC.50Chladniite
    {Ca}{Na
     
    8
    		}{Ca
     
    4
    		Na
     
    4
    		}{(Mg,Fe
    2+
     
    		)
     
    43
    		}[PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    36
    8.AC.50Fillowite
    {Mn
    2+
     
    		}{Na
     
    8
    		}{Ca
     
    4
    		Na
     
    4
    		}{(Mn
    2+
     
    		,Fe
    2+
     
    		)
     
    43
    		}[PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    36
    8.AC.50Johnsomervilleite
    {Ca}{Na
     
    6
    		[ ]
     
    2
    		}{Ca
     
    6
    		Na
     
    2
    		}{(Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mg,Mn
    2+
     
    		)
     
    43
    		}[PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    36
    8.AC.50Galileiite
    {Fe
    2+
     
    		}{Na
     
    8
    		}{Fe
    2+
    4
    		Na
     
    4
    		}{Fe
    2+
    43
    		}[PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    36
    8.AC.50Stornesite-(Y)
    {(Y, Ca)}{Na
     
    6
    		[ ]
     
    2
    		}{(Ca,Na)
     
    8
    		}{(Mg,Fe
    2+
     
    		)
     
    43
    		}[PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    36
    8.AC.50IMA2006-006
    Na
     
    4
    		Fe
    2+
    7
    		[PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    6
    8.AC.55Harrisonite
    Ca(Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mg)
     
    6
    		[PO
     
    4
    		|SiO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    8.AC.60Kosnarite
    KZr
     
    2
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    8.AC.65Panethite
    (Na,Ca)
     
    2
    		(Mg,Fe
    2+
     
    		)
     
    2
    		[PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    8.AC.70Stanfieldite
    Ca
     
    7
    		Ca
     
    2
    		Mg
     
    9
    		[PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    12
    8.AC.75Ronneburgite
    K
     
    2
    		MnV
     
    4
    		O
     
    12
    8.AC.80Tillmannsite
    (Ag
     
    3
    		Hg)[(VO
     
    4
    		, AsO
     
    4
    		)]
    8.AC.85Filatovite
    K[(Al,Zn)
     
    2
    		(As,Si)
     
    2
    		O
     
    8
    		]
    Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:
    19.12.1Metaswitzerite
    Mn
     
    3
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		·4H
     
    2
    		O
    19.12.2Bermanite
    Mn
    2+
     
    		Mn
    3+
    2
    		[OH|PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    		 · 4H
     
    2
    		O
    19.12.3Natrophilite
    NaMn
    2+
     
    		[PO
     
    4
    		]
    19.12.4Sidorenkite
    Na
     
    3
    		Mn
    2+
     
    		[PO
     
    4
    		|CO
     
    3
    		]
    19.12.5Niahite
    (NH
     
    4
    		)(Mn
    2+
     
    		,Mg)[PO
     
    4
    		] · H
     
    2
    		O
    19.12.6Robertsite
    Ca
     
    3
    		Mn
    3+
    4
    		[(OH)
     
    3
    		|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		]
     
    2
    		 · 3H
     
    2
    		O
    19.12.7Pararobertsite
    Ca
     
    2
    		Mn
    3+
    3
    		[O
     
    2
    		|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		] · 3H
     
    2
    		O
    19.12.8Sinkankasite
    H
     
    2
    		Mn
    2+
     
    		Al[OH|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		] · 6H
     
    2
    		O
    19.12.9Mangangordonite
    Mn
    2+
     
    		Al
     
    2
    		[OH|PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    		 · 8H
     
    2
    		O
    19.12.10Heterosite
    (Fe
    3+
     
    		,Mn
    3+
     
    		)[PO
     
    4
    		]
    19.12.11Purpurite
    (Mn
    3+
     
    		,Fe
    3+
     
    		)[PO
     
    4
    		]
    19.12.12Wolfeite
    (Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mn
    2+
     
    		)
     
    2
    		[OH|PO
     
    4
    		]
    19.12.13Triploidite
    (Mn
    2+
     
    		,Fe
    2+
     
    		)
     
    2
    		[OH|PO
     
    4
    		]
    19.12.14Lipscombite
    (Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mn
    2+
     
    		)Fe
    3+
    2
    		[OH|PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    19.12.15Frondelite
    Mn
    2+
     
    		Fe
    3+
    4
    		[(OH)
     
    5
    		|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    19.12.16Rockbridgeite
    Fe
    2+
     
    		Fe
    3+
    4
    		[(OH)
     
    5
    		|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    19.12.17Kryzhanovskite
    MnFe
     
    2
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		·H
     
    2
    		O
    19.12.18Landesite
    Mn
    2+
    3-x
    		Fe
    3+
    x
    		[(OH)
     
    x
    		|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		] · (3-x)H
     
    2
    		O
    19.12.19Phosphoferrite
    (Fe,Mn)
     
    3
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		·3H
     
    2
    		O
    19.12.20Reddingite
    (Mn,Fe)
     
    3
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		·3H
     
    2
    		O
    19.12.21Earlshannonite
    Mn
    2+
     
    		Fe
    3+
    2
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		·4H
     
    2
    		O
    19.12.22Hureaulite
    (Mn,Fe)
     
    5
    		H
     
    2
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    4
    		·4H
     
    2
    		O
    19.12.23Switzerite
    (Mn,Fe)
     
    3
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		·7H
     
    2
    		O
    19.12.24Laueite
    Mn
    2+
     
    		Fe
    3+
    2
    		[OH|PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    		 · 8H
     
    2
    		O
    19.12.25Pseudolaueite
    Mn
    2+
     
    		Fe
    3+
    2
    		[OH|PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    		 · 8H
     
    2
    		O
    19.12.26Strunzite
    Mn
    2+
     
    		Fe
    3+
    2
    		[OH|PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    		 · 6H
     
    2
    		O
    19.12.27Stewartite
    Mn
    2+
     
    		Fe
    3+
    2
    		[OH|PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    		 · 8H
     
    2
    		O
    19.12.28Alluaudite
    (Na,Ca)Mn
    2+
     
    		(Fe
    3+
     
    		,Mn
    2+
     
    		,Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mg)
     
    2
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    19.12.29Ferroalluaudite
    (Na,Ca)Fe
    2+
     
    		(Fe
    3+
     
    		,Mn
    2+
     
    		,Fe
    2+
     
    		)
     
    2
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    19.12.30Fillowite
    {Mn
    2+
     
    		}{Na
     
    8
    		}{Ca
     
    4
    		Na
     
    4
    		}{(Mn
    2+
     
    		,Fe
    2+
     
    		)
     
    43
    		}[PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    36
    19.12.31Johnsomervilleite
    {Ca}{Na
     
    6
    		[ ]
     
    2
    		}{Ca
     
    6
    		Na
     
    2
    		}{(Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mg,Mn
    2+
     
    		)
     
    43
    		}[PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    36
    19.12.32Wicksite
    NaCa
     
    2
    		(Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mn
    2+
     
    		)
     
    4
    		MgFe
    3+
     
    		[PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    6
    		 · 2H
     
    2
    		O
    19.12.33Dickinsonite-(KMnNa)
    {KNa}{Mn
    2+
     
    		[ ]}{Ca}{Na
     
    3
    		}{Mn
    2+
    13
    		}{Al}[(OH)
     
    2
    		|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    12
    		]
    19.12.34Sarcopside
    (Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mn
    2+
     
    		,Mg)
     
    3
    		[PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    19.12.35Ludlamite
    (Fe,Mn,Mg)
     
    3
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		·4H
     
    2
    		O
    19.12.36Graftonite
    (Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mn
    2+
     
    		,Ca)
     
    3
    		[PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    19.12.37Wilhelmvierlingite
    CaMnFe
    3+
     
    		[OH|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		] · 2H
     
    2
    		O
    19.12.38Fairfieldite
    Ca
     
    2
    		(Mn
    2+
     
    		,Fe
    2+
     
    		)[PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    		 · 2H
     
    2
    		O
    19.12.39Beusite
    (Mn
    2+
     
    		,Fe
    2+
     
    		,Ca,Mg)
     
    3
    		[PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    19.12.40Messelite
    Ca
     
    2
    		(Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mn
    2+
     
    		)[PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    		 · 2H
     
    2
    		O
    19.12.41Jahnsite-(CaMnFe)
    CaMn
    2+
     
    		Fe
    2+
    2
    		Fe
    3+
    2
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    4
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		 · 8H
     
    2
    		O
    19.12.42Jahnsite-(CaMnMn)
    CaMn
    2+
     
    		Mn
    2+
    2
    		Fe
    3+
    2
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    4
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		 · 8H
     
    2
    		O
    19.12.43Jahnsite-(CaMnMg)
    CaMn
    2+
     
    		(Mg,Fe
    2+
     
    		)
     
    2
    		Fe
    3+
    2
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    4
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		 · 8H
     
    2
    		O
    19.12.44Keckite
    (Ca,Mg)(Mn
    2+
     
    		,Zn)
     
    2
    		Fe
    3+
    3
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    4
    		(OH)
     
    3
    		 · 2H
     
    2
    		O
    19.12.45Stanfieldite
    Ca
     
    7
    		Ca
     
    2
    		Mg
     
    9
    		[PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    12
    19.12.46Laubmannite
    (Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mn
    2+
     
    		,Ca)
     
    3
    		Fe
    3+
    6
    		[(OH)
     
    3
    		|PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    4
    19.12.47Zodacite
    Ca
     
    4
    		Mn
    2+
     
    		Fe
    3+
    4
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
     
    2
    		 · 12H
     
    2
    		O
    19.12.48Hagendorfite
    NaCaMn
    2+
     
    		Fe
    2+
    2
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    19.12.49Maghagendorfite
    NaMn(Mg,Fe,Fe)
     
    3
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    19.12.51Griphite
    Na
     
    4
    		Li
     
    2
    		Ca
     
    6
    		(Mn
    2+
     
    		,Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mg)
     
    19
    		Al
     
    8
    		[(F,OH)|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
     
    8
    19.12.52Attakolite
    (Ca,Sr)Mn(Al,Fe)
     
    4
    		[(OH)
     
    4
    		|(SiO
     
    4
    		,PO
     
    4
    		)|(HPO
     
    4
    		,PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    19.12.53Arrojadite-(KFe)
    {KNa}{Fe
    2+
     
    		[ ]}{Ca}{Na
     
    2
    		[ ]}{Fe
    2+
    13
    		}{Al}[(OH)
     
    2
    		|HPO
     
    4
    		|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    11
    		]
    19.12.54Lun'okite
    (Mn,Ca)(Mg,Fe,Mn)Al(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		OH·4H
     
    2
    		O
    19.12.55Eosphorite
    (Mn
    2+
     
    		,Fe
    2+
     
    		)Al[(OH)
     
    2
    		|PO
     
    4
    		] · H
     
    2
    		O
    19.12.56Ernstite
    (Mn
    2+
     
    		,Fe
    3+
     
    		)Al[(OH,O)
     
    2
    		|PO
     
    4
    		] · H
     
    2
    		O
    19.12.57Childrenite
    (Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mn
    2+
     
    		)Al[(OH)
     
    2
    		|PO
     
    4
    		] · H
     
    2
    		O
    19.12.58Bobfergusonite
    Na
     
    2
    		Mn
     
    5
    		FeAl(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    6
    19.12.59Qingheiite
    NaMn
    3+
     
    		Mg(Al,Fe
    3+
     
    		)[PO
     
    4
    		]
     
    3
    19.12.60Whiteite-(CaFeMg)
    Ca(Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mn
    2+
     
    		)Mg
     
    2
    		Al
     
    2
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    4
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		 · 8H
     
    2
    		O
    19.12.61Whiteite-(CaMnMg)
    CaMn
    2+
     
    		Mg
     
    2
    		Al
     
    2
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    4
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		 · 8H
     
    2
    		O
    19.12.62Whiteite-(MnFeMg)
    (Mn
    2+
     
    		,Ca)(Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mn
    2+
     
    		)Mg
     
    2
    		Al
     
    2
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    4
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		 · 8H
     
    2
    		O
    19.12.63Rittmannite
    (Mn
    2+
     
    		,Ca)Mn
    2+
     
    		(Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mn
    2+
     
    		,Mg)
     
    2
    		(Al,Fe
    3+
     
    		)
     
    2
    		(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    4
    		(OH)
     
    2
    		 · 8H
     
    2
    		O
    19.12.64Zanazziite
    Ca
     
    2
    		(Mg,Fe)(Mg,Fe,Al)
     
    4
    		Be
     
    4
    		[(OH)
     
    4
    		|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    6
    		] · 6H
     
    2
    		O
    19.12.65Samuelsonite
    (Ca,Ba)Ca
     
    8
    		Fe
    2+
    2
    		Mn
    2+
    2
    		Al
     
    2
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|(PO
     
    4
    		)
     
    10
    		]

    Other Names for Varulite

    German names:
    Varulit
    Spanish names:
    Varulita

    Other Information

    Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

    References for Varulite

    Reference List:Quensel (1937) Geologiska Föeningens I Stockholm Förhandlinger: 59, 77: 95.

    Berggren in: Quensel (1940) Geologiska Föeningens I Stockholm Förhandlinger: 62: 297.

    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 669.

    Mineralogical Magazine (1979): 43: 227-235.

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    Localities for Varulite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Finland
     
    • Etelä-Suomen Lääni
      • Orivesi
        • Eräjärvi area
    		No reference listed
    • Länsi-Suomen Lääni
      • Vaasa
        • Peräseinäjoki
    		No reference listed
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Kanto Region
        • Ibaraki Prefecture
          • Chiyoda-machi
    		Matsubara, S. & Kato, A. (1980) Koubutsugaku Zasshi, 14, 269-286.
    Namibia
     
    • Erongo Region
      • Karibib District
        • Okongava-Ost farm
    		P. Keller et al., NJMA 183, 197-201 (2007)
    Sweden
     
    • Östergötland
      • Motala
        • Godegård
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 670.
    • Västerbotten
      • Skellefteå
    		Geologiska Föeningens I Stockholm. Förhandlinger, Stockholm (1937): 59: 95; Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 670.
    USA
     
    • Wisconsin
      • Florence Co.
    		R&M 73:11-12 pp 378-399 Wisconsin Mineral Locality Index
    Mineral and/or Locality
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