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Vikingite

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Cryolite deposit, Ivittuut (Ivigtut), Arsuk Firth, Arsuk, Kitaa (West Greenland) Province, Greenland
© Knut Eldjarn

Formula:
Ag
 
5
Pb
 
8
Bi
 
13
S
 
30
System:MonoclinicColour:Light gray
Hardness:3½
Name:Named after the Vikings, early explorers of Greenland, where the species was found.


Ramdohrite-Lillianite Group.

Classification of Vikingite

IMA status:Approved 1976
Strunz 8th edition ID:2/E.31-60
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:2.JB.40a

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
J : Sulfosalts of PbS archetype
B : Galena derivatives, with Pb
Dana 8th edition ID:3.6.11.1

3 : SULFOSALTS
6 : 2 < ø < 2.49
Hey's CIM Ref.:5.7.32

5 : Sulphosalts - Sulpharsenites and Sulphobismuthites (those containing Sn, Ge,or V are in Section 6)
7 : Sulpharsenites etc. of Pb and other metals
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Type Occurrence of Vikingite

Type Locality:Cryolite deposit, Ivittuut (Ivigtut), Arsuk Firth, Arsuk, Kitaa (West Greenland) Province, Greenland
Year of Discovery:1977

Physical Properties of Vikingite

Lustre:Metallic
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Opaque
Colour:Light gray
Hardness (Mohs):3½

Crystallography of Vikingite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Cell Parameters:a = 13.6Å, b = 25.24Å, c = 4.11Å
β = 95.55°
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.539 : 1 : 0.163
Unit Cell Volume:V 1,404.20 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Chemical Properties of Vikingite

Formula:
Ag
 
5
Pb
 
8
Bi
 
13
S
 
30
Essential elements:Ag, Bi, Pb, S
All elements listed in formula:Ag, Bi, Pb, S
Common Impurities:Cu

Relationship of Vikingite to other Species

Related to:
  • Ramdohrite-Lillianite Group
    • Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):
    2.JB.05Diaphorite
    Ag
     
    3
    		Pb
     
    2
    		Sb
     
    3
    		S
     
    8
    2.JB.10Cosalite
    Pb
     
    2
    		Bi
     
    2
    		S
     
    5
    2.JB.15Freieslebenite
    AgPbSbS
     
    3
    2.JB.15Marrite
    AgPbAsS
     
    3
    2.JB.20Cannizzarite
    Pb
     
    4
    		Bi
     
    6
    		S
     
    13
    2.JB.20Wittite
    Pb
     
    9
    		Bi
     
    12
    		(S,Se)
     
    27
    2.JB.25aJunoite
    Cu
     
    2
    		Pb
     
    3
    		Bi
     
    8
    		(S,Se)
     
    16
    2.JB.25cNordströmite
    CuPb
     
    3
    		Bi
     
    7
    		(Se
     
    4
    		S
     
    10
    		)
    2.JB.25gNuffieldite
    Pb
     
    2
    		Cu(Pb,Bi)Bi
     
    2
    		S
     
    7
    2.JB.25dProudite
    CuPb
     
    7.5
    		Bi
     
    9.33
    		(S,Se)
     
    22
    2.JB.25hWeibullite
    Pb
     
    5
    		Bi
     
    8
    		Se
     
    7
    		S
     
    11
    2.JB.25bFelbertalite
    Cu
     
    2
    		Pb
     
    6
    		Bi
     
    8
    		S
     
    19
    2.JB.25jRouxelite
    Cu
     
    2
    		HgPb
     
    23
    		Sb
     
    27
    		S
     
    65.5
    2.JB.25fAngelaite
    Cu
     
    2
    		AgPbBiS
     
    4
    2.JB.30aGeocronite
    Pb
     
    14
    		(Sb,As)
     
    6
    		S
     
    23
    2.JB.30aJordanite
    Pb
     
    14
    		(As,Sb)
     
    6
    		S
     
    23
    2.JB.30bKirkiite
    Pb
     
    10
    		Bi
     
    3
    		As
     
    3
    		S
     
    19
    2.JB.30cTsugaruite
    Pb
     
    4
    		As
     
    2
    		S
     
    7
    2.JB.35Pillaite
    Pb
     
    9
    		Sb
     
    10
    		S
     
    23
    		ClO
     
    0.5
    2.JB.35Zinkenite
    Pb
     
    9
    		Sb
     
    22
    		S
     
    42
    2.JB.35Scainiite
    Pb
     
    14
    		Sb
     
    30
    		S
     
    54
    		O
     
    5
    2.JB.35Pellouxite
    (Cu,Ag)Pb
     
    10
    		Sb
     
    12
    		S
     
    27
    		O(Cl,S)
     
    0.6
    2.JB.40Andorite
    PbAgSb
     
    3
    		S
     
    6
    2.JB.40Aschamalmite
    Pb
     
    6
    		Bi
     
    2
    		S
     
    9
    2.JB.40aBursaite
    Pb
     
    5
    		Bi
     
    4
    		S
     
    11
    2.JB.40Eskimoite
    Ag
     
    7
    		Pb
     
    10
    		Bi
     
    15
    		S
     
    36
    2.JB.40aFizélyite
    Pb
     
    14
    		Ag
     
    5
    		Sb
     
    21
    		S
     
    48
    		 ?
    2.JB.40aGustavite
    Ag
     
    3
    		Pb
     
    5
    		Bi
     
    11
    		S
     
    24
    2.JB.40aLillianite
    Pb
     
    3
    		Bi
     
    2
    		S
     
    6
    2.JB.40Ourayite
    Ag
     
    3
    		Pb
     
    4
    		Bi
     
    5
    		S
     
    13
    2.JB.40aRamdohrite
    Ag
     
    3
    		Pb
     
    6
    		Sb
     
    11
    		S
     
    24
    2.JB.40aRoshchinite
    Ag
     
    19
    		Pb
     
    10
    		Sb
     
    51
    		S
     
    96
    2.JB.40Schirmerite
    AgPb
     
    2
    		Bi
     
    3
    		S
     
    7
    2.JB.40aTreasurite
    Ag
     
    7
    		Pb
     
    6
    		Bi
     
    15
    		S
     
    32
    2.JB.40aUchucchacuaite
    AgMnPb
     
    3
    		Sb
     
    5
    		S
     
    12
    2.JB.40Xilingolite
    Pb
     
    3
    		Bi
     
    2
    		S
     
    6
    2.JB.40Heyrovskýite
    Pb
     
    10
    		AgBi
     
    5
    		S
     
    18
    2.JB.40aAndorite IV
    Pb
     
    18
    		Ag
     
    15
    		Sb
     
    47
    		S
     
    96
    2.JB.40aAndorite VI
    PbAgSb
     
    3
    		S
     
    6
    2.JB.50Neyite
    Pb
     
    7
    		(Cu,Ag)
     
    2
    		Bi
     
    6
    		S
     
    17
    2.JB.55Gratonite
    Pb
     
    9
    		As
     
    4
    		S
     
    15
    2.JB.60Marrucciite
    Hg
     
    3
    		Pb
     
    16
    		Sb
     
    18
    		S
     
    46
    2.JB.65Vurroite
    Pb
     
    20
    		Sn
     
    2
    		(Bi,As)
     
    22
    		S
     
    54
    		Cl
     
    6
    Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:
    5.7.1Seligmannite
    PbCuAsS
     
    3
    5.7.2Bournonite
    PbCuSbS
     
    3
    5.7.3Meneghinite
    Pb
     
    13
    		CuSb
     
    7
    		S
     
    24
    5.7.4Gladite
    PbCuBi
     
    5
    		S
     
    9
    5.7.5Lindströmite
    Pb
     
    3
    		Cu
     
    3
    		Bi
     
    7
    		S
     
    15
    5.7.6Krupkaite
    PbCuBi
     
    3
    		S
     
    6
    5.7.7Hammarite
    Pb
     
    2
    		Cu
     
    2
    		Bi
     
    4
    		S
     
    9
    5.7.8Friedrichite
    Pb
     
    5
    		Cu
     
    5
    		Bi
     
    7
    		S
     
    18
    5.7.9Aikinite
    PbCuBiS
     
    3
    5.7.10Nuffieldite
    Pb
     
    2
    		Cu(Pb,Bi)Bi
     
    2
    		S
     
    7
    5.7.11Jaskólskiite
    Pb
     
    2+x
    		Cu
     
    x
    		(Sb,Bi)
     
    2-x
    		S
     
    6
    		 x = 0.2
    5.7.12Tintinaite
    Pb
     
    22
    		Cu
     
    4
    		(Sb,Bi)
     
    30
    		S
     
    69
    5.7.13Kobellite
    Pb
     
    22
    		Cu
     
    4
    		(Bi,Sb)
     
    30
    		S
     
    69
    5.7.14Proudite
    CuPb
     
    7.5
    		Bi
     
    9.33
    		(S,Se)
     
    22
    5.7.15Nordströmite
    CuPb
     
    3
    		Bi
     
    7
    		(Se
     
    4
    		S
     
    10
    		)
    5.7.16Watkinsonite
    Cu
     
    2
    		PbBi
     
    4
    		(Se,S,Te)
     
    8
    5.7.17Pekoite
    PbCuBi
     
    11
    		(S,Se)
     
    18
    5.7.18Petrovicite
    Cu
     
    3
    		HgPbBiSe
     
    5
    5.7.19Eclarite
    (Cu,Fe)Pb
     
    9
    		Bi
     
    12
    		S
     
    28
    5.7.20Marrite
    AgPbAsS
     
    3
    5.7.21Baumhauerite-2a
    Pb
     
    11
    		Ag(As,Sb)
     
    18
    		S
     
    36
    5.7.22Andorite
    PbAgSb
     
    3
    		S
     
    6
    5.7.23Ramdohrite
    Ag
     
    3
    		Pb
     
    6
    		Sb
     
    11
    		S
     
    24
    5.7.24Roshchinite
    Ag
     
    19
    		Pb
     
    10
    		Sb
     
    51
    		S
     
    96
    5.7.25Ourayite
    Ag
     
    3
    		Pb
     
    4
    		Bi
     
    5
    		S
     
    13
    5.7.26Eskimoite
    Ag
     
    7
    		Pb
     
    10
    		Bi
     
    15
    		S
     
    36
    5.7.27Fizélyite
    Pb
     
    14
    		Ag
     
    5
    		Sb
     
    21
    		S
     
    48
    		 ?
    5.7.28Owyheeite
    Ag
     
    2
    		Pb
     
    5
    		Sb
     
    6
    		S
     
    15
    5.7.29Freieslebenite
    AgPbSbS
     
    3
    5.7.30Diaphorite
    Ag
     
    3
    		Pb
     
    2
    		Sb
     
    3
    		S
     
    8
    5.7.31Sterryite
    Ag
     
    2
    		Pb
     
    10
    		(Sb,As)
     
    12
    		S
     
    29
    5.7.33Zoubekite
    AgPb
     
    4
    		Sb
     
    4
    		S
     
    10
    5.7.34Schirmerite
    AgPb
     
    2
    		Bi
     
    3
    		S
     
    7
    5.7.36Gustavite
    Ag
     
    3
    		Pb
     
    5
    		Bi
     
    11
    		S
     
    24
    5.7.37Kitaibelite
    Ag
     
    10
    		PbBi
     
    30
    		S
     
    51
    5.7.38Treasurite
    Ag
     
    7
    		Pb
     
    6
    		Bi
     
    15
    		S
     
    32
    5.7.39Benjaminite
    (Ag,Cu)
     
    3
    		(Bi,Pb)
     
    7
    		S
     
    12
    5.7.40Lengenbachite
    (Ag,Cu)
     
    2
    		Pb
     
    6
    		As
     
    4
    		S
     
    13
    5.7.41Berryite
    Pb
     
    3
    		(Ag,Cu)
     
    5
    		Bi
     
    7
    		S
     
    16
    5.7.42Neyite
    Pb
     
    7
    		(Cu,Ag)
     
    2
    		Bi
     
    6
    		S
     
    17
    5.7.43Larosite
    (Cu,Ag)
     
    21
    		(Pb,Bi)
     
    2
    		S
     
    13
    5.7.44Cupropavonite
    AgCu
     
    2
    		PbBi
     
    5
    		S
     
    10
    5.7.45Padĕraite
    Cu
     
    5.9
    		Ag
     
    1.3
    		Pb
     
    1.6
    		Bi
     
    11.2
    		S
     
    22
    5.7.46Rayite
    Pb
     
    8
    		(Ag,Tl)
     
    2
    		Sb
     
    8
    		S
     
    21
    5.7.47Rathite
    (Pb,Tl)
     
    3
    		As
     
    5
    		S
     
    10
    5.7.48Hatchite
    (PbTl)
     
    2
    		AgAs
     
    2
    		S
     
    3

    Other Names for Vikingite

    Synonyms:
    IMA1976-006
    German names:
    Vikingit
    Russian names:
    Нет русского названия
    Spanish names:
    Vikingita

    Other Information

    Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

    References for Vikingite

    Reference List:Makovicky, E. and Karup-Møller, S. (1977b) Chemistry and crystallography of the lillianite homologous series. II. Definition of new minerals eskimoite, vikingite, ourayite and treasurite. Redefinition of schirmerite and new data on the lillianite-gustavite solid-solution series. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Abhandlungen: 131: 56-82.

    Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark (1977): 26: 41-68.

    American Mineralogist (1979): 64: 243.

    Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte (1992): (10): 454-468.

    Articles/Blogs about Vikingite

    Internet Links for Vikingite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Search for Vikingite in the Natural History Museum (London) online catalogue
  • Vikingite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    Localities for Vikingite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    France
     
    • Pays de Loire
      • Loire-Atlantique
        • Nantes
          • La Roche-Balue
    		Y. Moëlo et al. : "Homologues de la lillianite (gustavite, vikingite, heyrovskyite riche en Ag et Bi, ...) de l'indice à W-As-(Pb, Bi, Ag) de la Roche-Balue (Loire-Atlantique, France)", Bull. Minéral., 1987, 110, pp 43-64.
    Greenland
     
    • Kitaa (West Greenland) Province
      • Arsuk
        • Arsuk Firth
          • Ivittuut (Ivigtut)
    		[Bull.geol.Soc.Denmark,(1977) 26, 41-68 and Neues Jahrb.Min.,Abh.(1977) 131, 56-82; www.hedegaard.com]
            • Ikka Firth
    		No reference listed
      • Narsaq
        • Niaqornaarsuk peninsula
    Romania
     
    • Maramures Co.
      • Baia Borsa
    		Nigel G. Cook : "Bismuth Sulphosalts from Hydrothermal Vein Deposits of Neogen Age, N.W. Romania, Mitt. Österr. Miner. Ges. , 143, 1998 / Lecture to the Austrian Mineralogical Society, 23rd June 1997, Salzburg.
      • Baiut
    		Nigel G. Cook : "Bismuth Sulphosalts from Hydrothermal Vein Deposits of Neogen Age, N.W. Romania, Mitt. Österr. Miner. Ges. , 143, 1998 / Lecture to the Austrian Mineralogical Society, 23rd June 1997, Salzburg.
    Slovakia
     
    • Banská Bystrica Region
      • Southern Low Tatra Mts
    		Pršek J. & Chovan M. (2001): Hydrothemal Carbonate and Sulphide mineralization in the Late Paleozoic Phyllites (Bacúch, Nízke Tatry Mts.). Geolines 13, 27-34.
      • Štiavnica Mts
    		Ďuďa R.,Kotuľak P., Káňa R., 1993: Bergbau und Mineralien von Banská Štiavnica (Schemnitz), Slowakei. Emser Hefte, 14, 3, 1-70, Haltern
    Spain
     
    • Galicia
    		Y. Moëlo et al. : "Homologues de la lillianite (gustavite, vikingite, heyrovskyite riche en Ag et Bi, ...) de l'indice à W-As-(Pb, Bi, Ag) de la Roche-Balue (Loire-Atlantique, France)", Bull. Minéral., 1987, 110, pp 43-64.
    UK
     
    • Scotland
      • Central Region (Perthshire)
        • Meal nan Oighreag
    		Y. Moëlo et al. : "Homologues de la lillianite (gustavite, vikingite, heyrovskyite riche en Ag et Bi, ...) de l'indice à W-As-(Pb, Bi, Ag) de la Roche-Balue (Loire-Atlantique, France)", Bull. Minéral., 1987, 110, pp 43-64.
    USA
     
    • California
      • Inyo Co.
        • Darwin District
          • Darwin
    		Mineral News: 16 (9): 1
    • Colorado
      • San Miguel Co.
        • Ouray District (Uncompahgre District)
          • Telluride
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    • Idaho
      • Owyhee Co.
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
    • Nevada
      • Nye Co.
        • Gabbs District
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
    • New Mexico
      • Grant Co.
        • Hachita
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
    Uzbekistan
     
    • Tashkent (Toshkent) Viloyati
      • Angren Region
        • Chatkal-Kuraminskii Range
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
    Mineral and/or Locality
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