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Volborthite

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Big Photo

Monument No. 1 Mine, Monument No. 1 channel, Mystery Valley, Monument Valley, Navajo Indian Reservation, Navajo Co., Arizona, USA
© Stephan Wolfsried

Show Volborthite Photos (108)



Formula:
Cu
 
3
(V
 
2
O
 
7
)(OH)
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
System:MonoclinicColour:Olive-green, ...
Hardness:3½
Name:Named after Alexander von Volborth (1800-1876), Russian paleontologist, who first noted the mineral.


A secondary mineral found in the oxidized zones of vanadium-bearing hydrothermal deposits.

Visually similar to vésigniéite.

Classification of Volborthite

IMA status:Approved
Strunz 8th edition ID:7/D.24-10
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:8.FD.05

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
F : Polyphosphates, Polyarsenates, [4]-Polyvanadates
D : Polyphosphates, etc., with OH and H2O
Dana 8th edition ID:40.3.10.1

40 : HYDRATED NORMAL PHOSPHATES,ARSENATES AND VANADATES
3 : A3(XO4)2·xH2O
Hey's CIM Ref.:21.1.12

21 : Vanadates (and vanadates with arsenate or phosphate)
1 : Vanadates of the alkalis and Cu
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Type Occurrence of Volborthite

Type Locality:Sofronovskii Cu Mine, Yugovskii Zavod, Perm', Permskaya Oblast', Middle Urals, Urals Region, Russia
Year of Discovery:1837

Occurrences of Volborthite

Geological Setting:Oxidized zones of vanadium-bearing hydrothermal deposits.

Physical Properties of Volborthite

Lustre:Vitreous, Waxy, Greasy, Pearly
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Translucent
Comment:Lustre pearly on the cleavage surfaces.
Colour:Olive-green, yellow-green; green to yellow-green in transmitted light.
Hardness (Mohs):3½
Cleavage:Perfect
One perfect.
Density (measured):3.5 - 3.8 g/cm3
Density (calculated):3.52 g/cm3

Crystallography of Volborthite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Class (H-M):2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:B2/m {B1 1 2/m} {C2/m} {C1 2/m 1}
Space Group Setting:C1 2/m 1
Cell Parameters:a = 10.610(2) Å, b = 5.866(1) Å, c = 7.208(1) Å
β = 95.04(2)°
Ratio:a:b:c = 1.809 : 1 : 1.229
Unit Cell Volume:V 446.88 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:2
Morphology:Pseudohexagonal. Scaly, fibrous or spongy crusts and rosette-like aggregates; also reticulated. Scales may have a triangular or hexagonal outline.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
Image Loading

Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Horizontal Axis: ° to ° Vertical Axis: % Source Data: Filtered Data:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
d-spacingIntensity
7.16 (10)
4.103 (5)
3.090 (5)
2.998 (5)
2.643 (7)
2.571 (7)
2.389 (7)

Optical Data of Volborthite

Type:Biaxial (+/-)
RI values: nα = 1.793 nβ = 1.801 nγ = 1.816
2V:Measured: 63° to 83°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.023

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Very High
Dispersion:r > v or r < v
Pleochroism:Weak

Chemical Properties of Volborthite

Formula:
Cu
 
3
(V
 
2
O
 
7
)(OH)
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
Essential elements:Cu, H, O, V
All elements listed in formula:Cu, H, O, V

Relationship of Volborthite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
8.FD.05Martyite
Zn
 
3
(V
 
2
O
 
7
)(OH)
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
21.1.1Metamunirite
NaVO
 
3
21.1.2Munirite
NaVO
 
3
 · 1.9H
 
2
O
21.1.3Barnesite
(Na,Ca)V
 
6
O
 
16
 · 3H
 
2
O
21.1.4Bannermanite
(Na,K)
 
0.7
V
4+
0.7
V
5+
5.3
O
 
15
21.1.5Howardevansite
NaCuFe
 
2
(VO
 
4
)
 
3
21.1.6Huemulite
Na
 
4
Mg(V
 
10
O
 
28
) · 24H
 
2
O
21.1.7Blossite
α-Cu
 
2
(V
 
2
O
 
7
)
21.1.8Ziesite
β-Cu
 
2
(V
 
2
O
 
7
)
21.1.9Stoiberite
Cu
 
5
(VO
 
4
)
 
2
O
 
2
21.1.10Mcbirneyite
Cu
 
3
(VO
 
4
)
 
2
21.1.11Fingerite
Cu
 
11
(VO
 
4
)
 
6
O
 
2
21.1.13Tangeite
CaCu(VO
 
4
)(OH)
21.1.14Vésigniéite
BaCu
 
3
(VO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
21.1.15Lyonsite
Cu
 
3
Fe
 
4
(VO
 
4
)
 
6

Other Names for Volborthite

Synonyms:
α-Uzbekiteβ-UzbekiteKnauffiteSiberian volborthiteUzbekite
Vanadate of Copper
Other Languages:
German:Knauffit
Vanadinsaures Kupfer
Volborthit
Russian:Фольбортит
Simplified Chinese:水钙钒铜矿
Spanish:Knauffita
Volborthita
Varieties:
Barian Volborthite

Other Information

Other Information:Soluble in acids.
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Volborthite

Reference List:

- +
Hess (1838) Bull. Acad. St. Petersburg (1838), 4, 21-22.

Hess (1838) Journal für praktische Chemie, Leipzig: 14: 52.

Planer (1849) Archiv für wissenschaftliche Kunde: 8: 135 (as Knauffite).

Genth (1877) Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society: 17: 122.

Hillebrand and Merwin (1913) American Journal of Science: 35: 441 (on material called Calciovolborthite - ?).

Fersman (1925) Priroda, Leningrad, no. 7-9, col. 238 (as Uzbekite).

Kurbatov (1926a) Centralblatt für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paleontologie, Stuttgart: 345 (as Uzbekite).

Kurbatov and Kargin (1927) Comptes rendus de l’académie des sciences de l’U.R.S.S., n.s., no. 75-80 (as α-Uzbekite and β-Uzbekite).

Mellor, J.W. (1929) A Comprehensive Treatise on Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry. 16 volumes, London: 9: 767.

Barth and Berman (1930) Chemie der Erde, Jena: 5: 30 (as Uzbekite).

Fersman (1930) Abh. pr. Geol. Bergwirtsch.: 19: 36.

Strunz, H. (1939): Mineralien der Descloizitgruppe. Konichalcit, Staszizit, Austinit, Duftit, Aräoxen, Volborthit, Pyrobelonit. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Mineralogie und Petrographie, Leipzig (A) 101, 496-506.

Palache, C., Berman, H. & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 816, 818-819.

Leonardsen, E.S. and Petersen, O.V. (1974) The unit cell of volborthite. American Mineralogist 59: 372-373.

Basso, R., A. Palenzona, L. Zefiro (1988) Crystal structure refinement of volborthite from Scrava mine (Eastern Liguria, Italy). Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte 1988, 385-394.

Lafontaine, M.A., A. Le Bail and G. F´erey (1990) Copper-containing minerals – I. Cu3V2O7(OH)2, 2H2O: the synthetic homolog of volborthite; crystal structure determination from X-ray and neutron data; structural correlations. Journal of Solid State Chem., 85, 220–227.

American Mineralogist (1991): 76: 671.

Pekov, I.V. (1998) Minerals first discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union, 231–232.

Internet Links for Volborthite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Volborthite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    • Localities for Volborthite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Argentina
     
    • Neuquén
    		PONS, Josefina M. et al. Alteration, Cu mineralization and bitumen in the Barda González prospect, Neuquén. Rev. Asoc. Geol. Argent. [online]. 2009, vol.64, n.3, pp. 501-513.
    Australia
     
    • South Australia
      • Flinders Ranges
        • North Flinders Ranges
          • Arkaroola Region (Arkaroola Station)
            • Yudnamutana District
    		No reference listed
          • Leigh Creek
            • Copley
            • Lyndhurst
    		Noble, RJ & Just, J, 1983 , Catalogue of South Australian minerals : 1983 , Dept. of Mines and Energy, South Australia, Adelaide.
              • Nichol Nob
    		Noble R.J., Just J. and Johnson J. E., 1983, Catalogue of South Australian Minerals-1983, Government Printer, Adelaide.
          • Mount Lyndhurst homestead
    		No reference listed
        • South Flinders Ranges
          • Wilmington
    		Australian Journal of Mineralogy. Vol 5. No. 2. 1999. 55-62
      • Mt Lofty Ranges
        • North Mt Lofty Ranges
          • Burra
    		No reference listed
    Austria
     
    • Carinthia
      • Gailtaler Alpen & Karnische Alpen
        • Nötsch im Gailtal
    		Brandstätter, F., Kolitsch, U., Niedermayr, G., Prasnik, H., Seemann, R. & Walter, F. (2011): 1677) Baryt, Bornit, Brochantit, Chalkopyrit, Chalkosin, Chrysokoll, Galenit, Palygorskit, Pyrobitumen, Tetraedrit und Volborthit aus dem Steinbruch „Jakomini“, nördlich Nötsch. Pp. 142-145 in Niedermayr, G. et al. (2011): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LX. Carinthia II, 201./121., 135-186.
    • Salzburg
      • Hohe Tauern
        • Rauris valley
          • Hüttwinkl valley
            • Alteck - Hoher Sonnblick area
              • Kolm-Saigurn
    		A. Strasser: Die MInerale Salzburgs (1989)
    Canada
     
    • British Columbia
      • Nanaimo Mining Division
        • Quadra Island
    		[MinRec 15:89]
        • Vancouver Island
          • Menzies Bay
    		[MinRec 15:89]
    Chile
     
    • Atacama Region
      • Copiapó Province
    		Mineralogical Record: 9: 134.
    minservice.com specimen MINS6103 - http://www.minservice.com/store/scripts/prodView.asp?idproduct=16018
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Central Bohemia Region
        • Příbram
          • Vrančice
    		[Lapis 1995, 12, p.13-24]
    J.Hyrsl (1992)
      • Hradec Králové Region
        • Jičín (Jitschin; Gitschin)
    		Pauliš, P.: Nejzajímavější mineralogická naleziště Čech. Kutná Hora: Kuttna, 2000, s. 61.
        • Nová Paka (Neupaka)
    		Johan, Z, Povondra, P.: Vanadium- and copper-bearing dolomite nodules from Permian sediments near Horní kalná, Czechoslovakia. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie – Abhandlungen, 1987, Vol. 157, Number 3, s. 245-266.
      • Liberec Region
        • Jilemnice (Starkenbach)
    		No reference listed
    Democratic Republic of Congo (Zaïre)
     
    • Katanga (Shaba)
      • Katanga Copper Crescent
        • Lubumbashi (Elizabethville)
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 1048.
        • Shinkolobwe
    		Mineralogical Record: 20: 287-288.
    Germany
     
    • Baden-Württemberg
      • Black Forest
        • Wolfach
          • Oberwolfach
            • Rankach valley
    		Kolitsch, U. & Götzinger, M. (2000): Einige Neufunde aus der Grube Clara im mittleren Schwarzwald: Eulytin, Namibit, Volborthit, Gearksutit, Spertiniit, Monazit-(La), Protasit, Sainfeldit, Cyanotrichit und Vauquelinit. Erzgräber 14, 33-47. (in German)
    • Lower Saxony
      • Harz
        • Bad Lauterberg
    		J. Gröbner: Neufunde aus den Bergbaurevieren St. Andreasberg, Bad Lauterberg und von Oberschulenberg im Harz, MINERALIEN-WELT 18 (2007), 43-51.
    Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    • Rhineland-Palatinate
      • Eifel
        • Andernach
          • Eich
    		Hentschel, G., Die Mineralien der Eifelvulkane, Weise Verlag München, 1983
          • Nickenich
    		Hentschel, G., Die Mineralien der Eifelvulkane, Weise Verlag München, 1983
        • Daun
          • Oberstadtfeld
    		Blass, G., Graf , HW., Neue mineralogische Erkenntnisse und neue Funde aus Eifel …., Mineralienwelt 2/1996
          • Strohn
    		Jürgen Greiner collection (EDS-analysed by U. Kolitsch)
          • Üdersdorf
    		in the collection Ch.&H. Schäfer
    Hentschel, G., Neufunde von Üdersdorf, Lapis, Weise Verlag, München, 09/1993
        • Hillesheim
    		Blass, G., Graf , HW., Neufunde von bekannten Fundorten (X), Mineralien-Welt 2/1994
        • Mayen
          • Ettringen
            • Bellerberg volcano
    		Lapis, 15 (5), 9-36.
        • Mendig
          • Bell
    		Hentschel, G., Die Mineralien der Eifelvulkane, Weise Verlag, München (2. Auflage), 1987
        • Polch
          • Ochtendung
    		Blass, G., Graf , HW., Die Wannenköpfe bei Ochtendung in der Vulkaneifel und ihre Mineralien, MW 6/1999
    • Thuringia
      • Gera
        • Ronneburg U deposit
    		T. Witzke & F. Rüger: Lapis 1998(7/8), 26-64
    T. Witzke & F. Rüger: Lapis 1998(7/8), 26-64
      • Saalfeld
        • Garnsdorf
    		F. Rüger, L. Senf & T. Witzke: Lapis 1995 (1), 15-26
      • Thuringian Forest
        • Friedrichroda
          • Gottlob Hill
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    Greece
     
    • Attikí (Attica; Attika) Prefecture
      • Lavrion (Laurion; Laurium) District
    		Schnorrer-Köhler, G. (1986): Neufunde in den Schlacken von Laurion. Lapis, 11 (6), 25-29; 42.; Gelaude, Piet, van Kalmthout, Piet and Rewitzer, Christian (1996): Laurion: The Minerals in the Ancient Slags
    Hungary
     
    • Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén Co.
      • Upponyi Mts.
        • Dédestapolcsány
    Italy
     
    • Campania
      • Naples Province
        • Somma-Vesuvius Complex
    		Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI
            • Torre del Greco
    		- Russo, M., Punzo, I. (2004): I minerali del Somma-Vesuvio, AMI
    Mariano Carati - Guida alla mineralogia vesuviana - Calderini, Bologna, 1982
    • Liguria
      • Genova and La Spezia Provinces
        • different municipalities
          • Tre Monti mining concession
    		Castellaro, F., Passarino, G. (2011): I minerali di Monte Alpe. Sezione dell'antica Concessione Tre Monti (La Spezia e Genova). Rivista Mineralogica Italiana. 4/2011, 214-224.
      • Genova Province
        • Ne
          • Graveglia Valley
    		Redazionale (2005): Sistematica ligure: resoconto 2005. Notiziario di Mineralogia del Ferrania Club, 19 , 3-5.
    M.E. Ciriotti (2005) Probed
            • Reppia
    		Antofilli, Borgo, Palenzona, 1985. I nostri minerali. Geologia e mineralogia in Liguria. Edizioni Melita, La Spezia
    Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, (4), 131
    [MinRec 32:356]
      • La Spezia Province
        • Maissana
          • Lagorara Valley
    		Antofilli, Borgo, Palenzona, 1985. I nostri minerali. Geologia e mineralogia in Liguria. Edizioni Melita, La Spezia
      • Savona Province
        • Castelvecchio di Rocca Barbena
    		Antofilli, Borgo & Palenzona, 1985. I nostri minerali. Geologia e mineralogia in Liguria. Edizioni Melita, La Spezia.
    • Tuscany
      • Lucca Province
        • Bagni di Lucca
    		Biagioni, C. (2009). Minerali della Provincia di Lucca. Associazione Micro-Mineralogica Italiana, Cremona, 352 pp.
      • Massa-Carrara Province
        • Apuan Alps
    		Orlandi P., Franzini M., 1994. I minerali del marmo di Carrara. Amilcare Pizzi S.p.A., Milano. ; Orlandi, P. & Criscuolo, A. (2009). Minerali del marmo delle Alpi Apuane. Pacini editore, Pisa, 180 pp.
    Orlandi P., Bracci G., Dalena D., Duchi G, Vezzalini G, (1980) - I Minerali delle geodi della formazione marmifera di Carrara - Atti Soc. tosc. scienze Nat. - Mem. 87, pp 93-124 [MinRec 18:287]
    [MinRec 18:287] and Bombarda L., Granai F., Orlandi P. Le cave di val Bona e val Pulita.  Rivista Italiana di Mineralogia 2 100-102 - 1999
          • Massa
            • Casette
    		[MinRec 33:162]
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Chubu Region
        • Aichi Prefecture
          • Inuyama
        • Gifu Prefecture
    		Matsubara, S., Saito, Y., Kato, A. (1990) Vanadium minerals in siliceous sedimentary rocks from Unuma, Gifu Prefecture, Japan, with special reference to volborthite and roscoelite. Ganseki-Koubutsu-Koshogaku Zasshi, 85, 522-530.
    Kazakhstan
     
    • Southern Kazakhstan Province (Ongtüstik Qazaqstan Oblysy; Yuzhno-Kazakhstanskaya Oblast')
      • Karatau Range
        • Aksumbe
    		V.Y. Karpenko et al.: Zap. Vses. Mineral. Obshch. 133(2):59-68 (2004)
    Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
    Kyrgyzstan
     
    • Issyk-Kul'skaya Oblast
    		Pautov L.A., Belakovskii D.I., Baimagambetov B.K. Sulvanite: revision of specimens from museum funds and litherature data, new occurrence in South-Eastern Kirgizia, - Novye dannye o mineralah, Moscow, Nauka, 1989, v.36, p.91-100.
    • Osh Oblast
      • Alai Range (Alay Range)
        • Fergana Valley
          • Fergana
    		V.Y. Karpenko et al.: Zap. Vses. Mineral. Obshch. 133(2):59-68 (2004)
    Namibia
     
    • Erongo Region
      • Swakopmund District
        • Namib Naukluft National Park
    		Bürg, G. , Die Nutzbaren Minerallagerstätten von Deutsch-Südwestafrika (1942), p. 86-89; www.attawaygems.com/NMFG/lets_talk_gemstones_staurolite.htm
    Poland
     
    • Lower Silesia (Dolnośląskie)
      • Rudawy Janowickie Mts
        • Jelenia Góra District
    		Schneider G. 1894: Die Minerale des Riesen- und Isergebirges. Wanderer im Riesengeb. Bd 6.
    Portugal
     
    • Beja District
      • Barrancos
        • Barrancos
    		Rui Nunes collection
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Khakassia Republic (Khakassy Republic; Khakassiya Republic)
        • Sorsk
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 280.; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
    • Urals Region
      • Middle Urals
        • Permskaya Oblast'
          • Motovilikha District
    		Dana 6:839.
          • Perm'
            • Yugovskii Zavod
    		Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 819.
    Slovakia
     
    • Banská Bystrica Region
      • Revúca Co.
        • Sirk
      • Rimavská Sobota Co.
    		Novák, F. et al. (2003): Koninckit, evansit, vashegyit a volborthit z Kocihy u Rimavské Soboty. Bulletin mineralogicko-petrografického oddělení Národního muzea v Praze, roč. 11, s. 159-166.
    Spain
     
    • Catalonia
      • Lleida (Lérida)
        • El Pallars Jussà
          • La Torre de Cabdella
            • La Plana de Mont-ros
              • Castell-estaó
    		Joan Rosell (PLA1 ?).
    UK
     
    • England
      • Devon
        • East Devon
          • Budleigh Salterton
    		from XRD and EPMA results - B. Smith
      • Leicestershire
        • Stanton under Bardon
    		UKJMM 26:31-42
    USA
     
    No reference listed
      • Apache Co.
        • Navajo Indian Reservation
          • Monument Valley
            • Monument No. 2 channel
    		[var: Barian Volborthite] Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 415.
      • Coconino Co.
        • Prospect Canyon District
    		Testing at University of Arizona. Most specimens labelled Tangeite are actually Volborthite.
      • Gila Co.
        • Globe-Miami District
          • Globe Hills District
            • Globe Hills
              • Globe
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 415.
      • Navajo Co.
        • Navajo Indian Reservation
          • Monument Valley
            • Mystery Valley
              • Monument No. 1 channel
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 415; Witkind, Irving J. & Thaden (1963), USGS Bull. 1103, Geology & Uranium-Vanadium Deposits of the Monument Valley Area Apache and Navajo Counties, Arizona: 68, 135.
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 405; Witkind, I.J. (1961), The uranium-vanadium ore deposit at the Monument No. 1-Mitten No. 2 mine, Monument Valley, Navajo Co., AZ, USGS Bull. 1107-C: 219-242; Holland, H.D., et al (1958), The use of leachable uranium in geochemical prospecting on the Colorado Plateau-II, The distribution of leachable uranium in surface samples in the vicinity of ore bodies, Econ.Geol.: 53: 190-209.
    • California
      • Inyo Co.
        • Kearsarge District
          • Kearsarge
    		Paul M. Adams (2003) Unusual vanadium minerals from the Green Monster Mine, Inyo County, California. Mineral News, 19, #8.
      • San Benito Co.
        • Diablo Range
          • Panoche Valley
            • Llanada
    		Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California: 322-323; www.mineralsocal.org
    • Colorado
      • Costilla Co.
        • McCarty Park Area
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B.
      • Custer Co.
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
      • Huerfano Co.
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
        • La Veta Pass Area
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
      • La Plata Co.
        • La Plata District (California District)
          • La Plata
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
      • Moffat Co.
        • Skull Creek District (Blue Mountain District)
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.; Beroni, Ernest Pete; McKeown, Francis Alexander (1952) Reconnaissance for uraniferous rocks in northwestern Colorado, southwestern Wyoming, and northeastern Utah. USGS Trace Elements Investigations 308A
      • Montrose Co.
        • Uravan District
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
      • Park Co.
        • Garo Area
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B.
      • San Miguel Co.
        • Klondike District
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
        • Slick Rock District
          • Bull Pen Canyon
    		Rocks & Minerals 80:5 pp358-359
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels; Shawe, D.R., (2011), Uranium-vanadium deposits of the Slick Rock district, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 576-F, 80 p., 20 plates.
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
        • Uravan District
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
    • Idaho
      • Adams Co.
        • Seven Devils District
    		Ream, Lanny R. 2004. Idaho Minerals, 2nd edition, Revised and Updated
      • Lemhi Co.
        • Junction District (Little Eightmile District)
    		Ream, Lanny R. 2004. Idaho Minerals, 2nd edition, Revised and Updated
    • Michigan
      • Baraga Co.
        • Huron River
    		Mineralogy of Michigan (2004) Heinrich & Robinson
    • Nevada
      • Elko Co.
    		Handbook of Mineralogy
      • Eureka Co.
        • Gibellini District
    		NBMG Spec Pub 31 Minerals of Nevada
        • Lynn District
          • Elko
    		MinRecord 26:467
        • Maggie Creek District
    		MinRec 26(5):449-469.
      • Lyon Co.
        • Yerington District
          • Artesia Lake
    		NBMG Spec Pub 31 Minerals of Nevada
      • Nye Co.
        • Manhattan District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    • New Mexico
      • Mora Co.
    		Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
      • Taos Co.
    		Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd Rev. Ed., 1996
    Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
    • Oregon
      • Klamath Co.
    		Micro Probe Vol. 10 No. 6
    • Utah
      • Daggett Co.
        • Red Creek (Browns Park)
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah; USGS: Geological Survey Circular 312
      • Emery Co.
        • San Rafael District (San Rafael Swell)
          • Delta
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah; Page, L. R.; Stocking, H. E.; Smith, H. B. (1956) Contributions to the geology of uranium and thorium by the United States Geological Survey and Atomic Energy Commission for the United Nations International Conference on Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy, Geneva, Switzerland, 1955. USGS Professional Paper 300 pp263-279
      • Grand Co.
        • Polar Mesa District (Polar Mesa)
    		Collected by and in the collection of Brent Thorne.
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 819; UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
      • Juab Co.
        • East Tintic Mts
          • Tintic District
    		SEM EDAX verified. Collected by Brent Thorne
      • San Juan Co.
        • Elk Ridge
    		Page, L. R.; Stocking, H. E.; Smith, H. B. (1956) Contributions to the geology of uranium and thorium by the United States Geological Survey and Atomic Energy Commission for the United Nations International Conference on Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy, Geneva, Switzerland, 1955. USGS Professional Paper 300 pp195-201
    UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
    UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
        • Monument Valley
          • Monument Valley District (Monumental District)
    		Page, L. R.; Stocking, H. E.; Smith, H. B. (1956) Contributions to the geology of uranium and thorium by the United States Geological Survey and Atomic Energy Commission for the United Nations International Conference on Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy, Geneva, Switzerland, 1955. USGS Professional Paper 300 pp263-279
      • Utah Co.
        • Thorpe Hills
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
      • Washington Co.
        • Leeds
    		Carl L. Ege (2005) Selected Mining Districts of Utah. Utah Geological Survey Miscellaneous Publication 05-5
    UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
    UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
    UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
    Uzbekistan
     
    • Kyzylkum Desert
      • Uchkuduk area
    		not refered listen
    http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/hom/volborthite.pdf
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