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Wermlandite

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Formula:
Mg
 
7
(Ca,Mg)(Al,Fe)
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
18
 · 12H
 
2
O
May contain some carbonate(?).
System:TrigonalColour:Green-gray
Hardness:1½
Member of:Hydrotalcite Group
Name:Named after its discovery locality, Långban, Värmland (Wermland), Sweden.
This page provides mineralogical data about Wermlandite.

Classification of Wermlandite

IMA status:Approved 1970
Explanation of status:This is a genuinely rare species. Almost all specimens labeled "wermlandite" prove to be pyroaurite on analysis.
Strunz 8th edition ID:6/D.14-25
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:7.DD.35

7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
D : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) with additional anions, with H2O
D : With only medium-sized cations; sheets of edge-sharing octahedra
Dana 8th edition ID:31.3.2.1

31 : HYDRATED SULFATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
3 : (AB)5(XO4)Zq·xH2O
Hey's CIM Ref.:11.7.10

11 : Carbonates
7 : Carbonates of Al
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Type Occurrence of Wermlandite

Type Locality:Långban, Filipstad, Värmland, Sweden
General Appearance of Type Material:Low temperature vein filling in calcite.
Year of Discovery:1971

Physical Properties of Wermlandite

Lustre:Waxy
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Translucent
Colour:Green-gray
Streak:White to light gray green
Hardness (Mohs):1½
Tenacity:Flexible
Cleavage:Perfect
Perfect on {0001}
Fracture:Micaceous
Density (measured):1.932 g/cm3
Density (calculated):1.96 g/cm3

Crystallography of Wermlandite

Crystal System:Trigonal
Class (H-M):3m (3 2/m) - Hexagonal Scalenohedral
Space Group:P3c1 {P3 2/c 1}
Space Group Setting:P3c1
Cell Parameters:a = 9.303(3) Å, c = 22.57(1) Å
Ratio:a:c = 1 : 2.426
Unit Cell Volume:V 1,691.64 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:2
Morphology:Thin pseudohexagonal platy crystals
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
d-spacingIntensity
11.2 (70)
7.98 (100)
5.62 (40)
4.63 (50)
3.89 (40)
2.61 (40)
1.54 (40)
1.51 (30)
Comments:ZK 168:133 (1984)

Optical Data of Wermlandite

Type:Uniaxial (-)
RI values: nω = 1.493 nε = 1.482
2V:Measured: 2° to 5°
Birefringence:0.011
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.011

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Moderate
Optical Extinction:Parallel

Chemical Properties of Wermlandite

Formula:
Mg
 
7
(Ca,Mg)(Al,Fe)
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
18
 · 12H
 
2
O


May contain some carbonate(?).
Essential elements:Al, Ca, H, Mg, O, S
All elements listed in formula:Al, Ca, Fe, H, Mg, O, S
Empirical Formula:
Ca
 
2
Mg
 
14
(Fe
3+
 
,Al)
 
4
CO
 
3
(OH)
 
42
 · 29H
 
2
O

Relationship of Wermlandite to other Species

Member of:Hydrotalcite Group
Other Members of Group:

- +
Desautelsite
Mg
 
6
Mn
3+
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
Hydrotalcite
Mg
 
6
Al
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
Hydrowoodwardite
(Cu,Al)
 
9
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
18
 · nH
 
2
O
Iowaite
Mg
 
6
Fe
3+
2
(OH)
 
16
Cl
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
Pyroaurite
Mg
 
6
Fe
3+
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
Stichtite
Mg
 
6
Cr
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
Takovite
Ni
 
6
Al
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
Woodwardite
Cu
 
4
Al
 
2
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
12
 · 2-4H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
7.DD.05Felsőbányaite
Al
 
4
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
10
 · 4H
 
2
O
7.DD.10Langite
Cu
 
4
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
6
 · 2H
 
2
O
7.DD.10Posnjakite
Cu
 
4
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
6
 · H
 
2
O
7.DD.10Wroewolfeite
Cu
 
4
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
6
 · 2H
 
2
O
7.DD.15Spangolite
Cu
 
6
Al(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
12
Cl · 3H
 
2
O
7.DD.20Ktenasite
Zn(Cu,Zn)
 
4
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
 · 6H
 
2
O
7.DD.25Christelite
Cu
 
2
Zn
 
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
 · 4H
 
2
O
7.DD.30Campigliaite
Mn
2+
 
Cu
 
4
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
 · 4H
 
2
O
7.DD.30Devilline
CaCu
 
4
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
 · 3H
 
2
O
7.DD.30Orthoserpierite
Ca(Cu,Zn)
 
4
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
 · 3H
 
2
O
7.DD.30Serpierite
Ca(Cu,Zn)
 
4
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
 · 3H
 
2
O
7.DD.30Niedermayrite
CdCu
 
4
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
 · 4H
 
2
O
7.DD.30Edwardsite
Cu
 
3
Cd
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
·4H
 
2
O
7.DD.35Carrboydite
(Ni,Cu)
 
14
Al
 
9
(SO
 
4
,CO
 
3
)
 
6
(OH)
 
43
 · 7H
 
2
O
7.DD.35Glaucocerinite
(Zn,Cu)
 
10
Al
 
6
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
32
 · 18H
 
2
O
7.DD.35Honessite
Ni
 
6
Fe
3+
2
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
7.DD.35Hydrohonessite
Ni
 
6
Fe
3+
2
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
16
 · 7H
 
2
O
7.DD.35Motukoreaite
NaMg
 
19
Al
 
12
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
(CO
 
3
)
 
6.5
(OH)
 
54
 · 28H
 
2
O
7.DD.35Mountkeithite
(Mg,Ni)
 
11
(Fe
3+
 
,Cr
3+
 
,Al)
 
3
(SO
 
4
,CO
 
3
)
 
3.5
(OH)
 
24
 · 11H
 
2
O
7.DD.35Shigaite
Al
 
4
Mn
 
7
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
22
 · 8H
 
2
O
7.DD.35Woodwardite
Cu
 
4
Al
 
2
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
12
 · 2-4H
 
2
O
7.DD.35Zincaluminite
Zn
 
6
Al
 
6
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
16
 · 5H
 
2
O
7.DD.35Hydrowoodwardite
(Cu,Al)
 
9
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
18
 · nH
 
2
O
7.DD.35Zincowoodwardite
Zn
 
1-x
Al
 
x
(SO
 
4
)
 
x/2
(OH)
 
2
 · nH
 
2
O (x=0.32-0.50)
7.DD.35Natroglaucocerinite
Na
 
x
Zn
 
8-y
Al
 
y
(SO
 
4
)
 
(x+y)/2
(OH)
 
16
 · 6H
 
2
O
7.DD.35Nikischerite
NaFe
2+
6
Al
 
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
18
 · 12H
 
2
O
7.DD.40Lawsonbauerite
(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
9
Zn
 
4
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
22
 · 8H
 
2
O
7.DD.40Torreyite
(Mg,Mn
2+
 
)
 
9
Zn
 
4
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
22
 · 8H
 
2
O
7.DD.45Mooreite
(Mg,Zn,Mn
2+
 
)
 
15
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
26
 · 8H
 
2
O
7.DD.50Namuwite
(Zn,Cu)
 
4
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
6
 · 4H
 
2
O
7.DD.55Bechererite
(Zn,Cu)
 
6
Zn
 
2
(SO
 
4
,HSiO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
12
7.DD.60Ramsbeckite
(Cu,Zn)
 
15
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
22
 · 6H
 
2
O
7.DD.65Vonbezingite
Ca
 
6
Cu
 
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
12
 · 2H
 
2
O
7.DD.70Redgillite
Cu
 
6
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
10
 · H
 
2
O
7.DD.75Chalcoalumite
CuAl
 
4
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
12
 · 3H
 
2
O
7.DD.75Nickelalumite
(Ni,Cu)Al
 
4
(SO
 
4
,(NO
 
3
)
 
2
)(OH)
 
12
 · 3H
 
2
O
7.DD.75Kyrgyzstanite
ZnAl
 
4
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
12
·3H
 
2
O
7.DD.80Guarinoite
(Zn,Co,Ni)
 
6
(SO
 
4
)(OH,Cl)
 
10
 · 5H
 
2
O
7.DD.80Schulenbergite
(Cu,Zn)
 
7
(SO
 
4
,CO
 
3
)
 
2
(OH)
 
10
 · 3H
 
2
O
7.DD.80Thérèsemagnanite
(Co,Zn,Ni)
 
6
(SO
 
4
)(OH,Cl)
 
10
 · 8H
 
2
O
7.DD.80UM1992-30-SO:CCuHZn
(Zn,Cu)
 
7
(SO
 
4
,CO
 
3
)
 
2
(OH)
 
10
 · 3H
 
2
O
7.DD.85Montetrisaite
Cu
 
6
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
10
 · 2H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
11.7.1Scarbroite
Al
 
5
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
13
 · 5H
 
2
O
11.7.2Hydroscarbroite
Al
 
14
(CO
 
3
)
 
3
(OH)
 
36
 · nH
 
2
O
11.7.3Dawsonite
NaAlCO
 
3
(OH)
 
2
11.7.4Hydrotalcite
Mg
 
6
Al
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
11.7.5Manasseite
Mg
 
6
Al
 
2
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
11.7.6Indigirite
Mg
 
2
Al
 
2
(CO
 
3
)
 
4
(OH)
 
2
 · 15H
 
2
O
11.7.7Alumohydrocalcite
CaAl
 
2
(CO
 
3
)
 
2
(OH)
 
4
 · 3H
 
2
O
11.7.8Para-alumohydrocalcite
CaAl
 
2
(CO
 
3
)
 
2
(OH)
 
4
 · 6H
 
2
O
11.7.9Tunisite
NaCa
 
2
Al
 
4
(CO
 
3
)
 
4
(OH)
 
8
Cl
11.7.11Montroyalite
Sr
 
4
Al
 
8
(CO
 
3
)
 
3
(OH,F)
 
26
 · 10-11H
 
2
O
11.7.12Dresserite
BaAl
 
2
(CO
 
3
)
 
2
(OH)
 
4
 · H
 
2
O
11.7.13Hydrodresserite
BaAl
 
2
(CO
 
3
)
 
2
(OH)
 
4
 · 3H
 
2
O
11.7.14Strontiodresserite
(Sr,Ca)Al
 
2
(CO
 
3
)
 
2
(OH)
 
4
 · H
 
2
O

Other Names for Wermlandite

Synonyms:
IMA1970-007Värmlandite
Other Languages:
German:Wermlandit
Russian:Вермландит
Spanish:Wermlandita

Other Information

Fluorescence in UV light:Not fluorescent.
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Wermlandite

Reference List:

- +
Lithos (1971), 4, 213-217.

American Mineralogist (1972): 57: 327.

Rius, J. & Allmann, R. (1984): The superstructure of the double layer mineral wermlandite [Mg7(Al0.57,Fe3+0.43)2(OH)18]2+[(Ca0.6,Mg0.4)(SO4)2(H2O)12]2-. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie 168, 133-144.

American Mineralogist (1995): 80: 408.

Internet Links for Wermlandite

Search Engines:
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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Wermlandite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    • Localities for Wermlandite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Sweden
     
    • Värmland
      • Filipstad
    		Lithos,(1971) 4, 213-217; Nysten, P., Holtstam, D. and Jonsson, E. (1999) The Långban minerals. In Långban - The mines,their minerals, geology and explorers (D. Holtstam and J. Langhof, eds.), Swedish Museum of Natural History and Raster Förlag, Stockholm & Chr. Weise Verlag, Munich, pp. 89-183.
        • Persberg district
    		Linden, R.H. (2002): Gåsgruvan, En mineralundersökning under åren 1996-2002. Östra Värmlands Mineralsällskap (Cited in Sandström, F., Lorin, T. & Strand, U. (2009): Geologi och mineralogi i Gåsgruvefältet, Filipstad. Litofilen. 26 (2): 16-38
    Östra Värmlands Mineral Society,Långban,Sweden
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