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Xingzhongite

A material that is NOT an approved mineral species
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Formula:
Pb2+Ir3+2S4
Colour:
Steel-grey
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
6
Crystal System:
Isometric
Name:
Named after its unspecified discovery locality.
First Recorded Locality:
ⓘ China
Formula redefined by Bosi et al. (2019), but status as a mineral species still remains questionable.


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Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
4339
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:4339:3
GUID
(UUID V4):
b7e9357c-7907-49e3-a01f-0a803f5b6cca

Classification of XingzhongiteHide

IMA status:
Questionable
IMA status notes:
Redefined by the IMA
Approval year:
1980
First published:
1974
Approval history:
Formula redefined by IMA as Pb2+Ir3+2S4 (Bosi et al., 2019).
Strunz-mindat (2023):
2.DA.05

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
D : Metal Sulfides, M: S = 3 :4 and 2:3
A : M:S = 3:4
Dana 8th ed.:
2.8.4.1

2 : SULFIDES
8 : AmXp, with m:p = 1:1
Hey's CIM Ref.:
3.12.6

3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
12 : Sulphides etc. of the platinum metals

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference
XinIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of XingzhongiteHide

Lustre:
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Steel-grey
Hardness:
6 on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN50=753 kg/mm2 - Vickers

Optical Data of XingzhongiteHide

Type:
Isotropic
Reflectivity:
WavelengthR
466nm40.5%
544nm38.9%
589nm41.1%
656nm41.0%

Reflectance graph
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Top of box is 100%. Peak reflectance is 41.1%.
Colour in reflected light:
Bluish gray

Chemical Properties of XingzhongiteHide

Formula:
Pb2+Ir3+2S4
Elements listed:
Ir, Pb, S - search for minerals with similar chemistry
Common Impurities:
Pb,Fe,Ir,Pt

Crystallography of XingzhongiteHide

Crystal System:
Isometric
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.970 Å
Unit Cell V:
991.03 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
8
Comment:
Cubic or pseudocubic. Space group not determined.

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
5.99 Å(60)
3.02 Å(80)
1.769 Å(70)
1.506 Å(60)
1.340 Å(60)
1.208 Å(100)
1.034 Å(80)
1.020 Å(80)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Stage 3b: Earth’s earliest hydrosphere>4.45
12 : Hadean hydrothermal subsurface sulfide deposits (see also #33)
Near-surface Processes
26 : Hadean detrital minerals
High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism
33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12])
Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks>3.0
37 : Layered igneous intrusions and related PGE minerals

First Recorded Occurrence of XingzhongiteHide

First Recorded Locality:
ⓘ China
General Appearance of First Recorded Material:
Occurs as a rim (0.1 mm wide) around iridosmine.
Geological Setting of First Recorded Material:
In dunite type platinum ores related to chromium mineralization.
Associated Minerals at First Recorded Locality:
TalcSerpentine SubgroupPyritePolyxeneOsmium
OsmiridiumOsarsiteOlivine GroupMagnetiteIridosmine
IridiumIrarsiteErlichmaniteCooperiteChromite
Reference:
Yu, T.H., Lin, S.J., Chao, P., Fang, C.S., Huang, C.S. (1974) A preliminary study of some new minerals of the platinum-group and another associated new one in platinum-bearing intrusions in a region of China. Acta Geologica Sinica: 2: 202-218.
Download:
https://rruff.info/rruff_1.0/uploads/AGS48_202.pdf

Other Language Names for XingzhongiteHide

Relationship of Xingzhongite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:
Linnaeite Subgroup > Thiospinel Group > Spinel Supergroup
Other Members of this group:
CadmoinditeCdIn2S4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
Cuprorhodsite(Cu1+0.5Fe3+0.5)Rh3+2S4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
DaubréeliteFe2+Cr3+2S4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
FerrorhodsiteOriginally thought to be a distinct species, but discredited because it is identical to cuprorhodsite (Bosi et al.Iso.
GreigiteFe2+Fe3+2S4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
GrimmiteNiCo2S4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
InditeFeIn2S4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
JoegoldsteiniteMnCr2S4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
KalininiteZnCr2S4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
LinnaeiteCo2+Co3+2S4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
PolydymiteNi2+Ni3+2S4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
SiegeniteCoNi2S4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
Tarkianite(Cu,Fe)(Re,Mo)4S8Iso. 4 3m : F4 3m
ViolariteFe2+Ni3+2S4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

2.DA.ZaykoviteRh3Se4Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.DA.GrimmiteNiCo2S4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.ZolenskyiteFeCr2S4Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.DA.EzochiiteCu+(Rh3+Pt4+)S4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05BornhardtiteCo2+Co3+2Se4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05CarrolliteCuCo2S4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05Cuproiridsite(Cu,Fe)Ir2S4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05Cuprorhodsite(Cu1+0.5Fe3+0.5)Rh3+2S4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05DaubréeliteFe2+Cr3+2S4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05FletcheriteCuNi2S4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05Florensovite(Cu,Zn)Cr1.5Sb0.5S4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m)
2.DA.05GreigiteFe2+Fe3+2S4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05InditeFeIn2S4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05KalininiteZnCr2S4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05LinnaeiteCo2+Co3+2S4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05MalaniteCu1+(Ir3+Pt4+)S4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m)
2.DA.05PolydymiteNi2+Ni3+2S4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05SiegeniteCoNi2S4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05TrüstedtiteNi3Se4Iso.
2.DA.05TyrrelliteCu(Co3+,Ni3+)2Se4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05ViolariteFe2+Ni3+2S4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05CadmoinditeCdIn2S4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05CuprokalininiteCuCr2S4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05JoegoldsteiniteMnCr2S4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.05NickeltyrrelliteCuNi2Se4Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
2.DA.10RhodostanniteCu1+(Fe2+0.5Sn4+1.5)S4Tet. 4/m : I41/a
2.DA.10ToyohaiteAg1+(Fe2+0.5Sn4+1.5)S4Tet. 4/m : I41/a
2.DA.15BrezinaiteCr3S4Mon. 2/m
2.DA.15Heideite(Fe,Cr)1.15(Ti,Fe)2S4Mon. 2/m
2.DA.20InaglyiteCu3Pb(Ir,Pt)8S16Hex.
2.DA.20KonderiteCu3Pb(Rh,Pt,Ir)8S16Hex. 6/m : P6/m
2.DA.25Kingstonite(Rh,Ir,Pt)3S4Mon. 2/m : B2/m

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for XingzhongiteHide

Reference List:
Sort by Year (asc) | by Year (desc) | by Author (A-Z) | by Author (Z-A)
Yu, T.H., Lin, S.J., Chao, P., Fang, C.S., Huang, C.S. (1974) A preliminary study of some new minerals of the platinum-group and another associated new one in platinum-bearing intrusions in a region of China. Acta Geologica Sinica: 2: 202-218.
Fleischer, M., Pabst, A., Mandarino, J.A., Chao, G.Y., Cabri, L.J. (1976) New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 61: 174-186 (185).
Peng, Z., Chang, C., Ximen, L. (1978) Discussion on published articles in the research of new minerals of the platinum-group discovered in China in recent years. Acta Geologica Sinica: 4: 326-336.
Fleischer, M., Cabri, L.J., Pabst, A. (1980) New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 65: 406-408.
Dunn, P.J., Cabri, L.J., Chao, G.Y., Fleischer, M., Francis, C.A., Grice, J.D., Jambor, J.L., Pabst, A. (1984) New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 69: 406-412 (412).
Auge, T. (1988) Platinum-group minerals in the Tiebaghi and Vourinos ophiolite complexes: Genetic implications. The Canadian Mineralogist, 26, 177-192.
Jambor, J.L. (1989) New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 74: 1215-1220.
Furubayashi, T., Matsumoto, T., Hagino, T., Nagata, S. (1994) Structural and magnetic studies of metal-insulator transition in thiospinel CuIr2S4. Journal of the Physical Society of Japan: 63: 3333-3339.
Garuti, G., Gazzotti, M., Torres-Ruiz, J. (1995) Iridium, rhodium, and platinum sulfides in chromitites from the ultramafic massifs of Finero, Italy, and Ojen, Spain. The Canadian Mineralogist: 33: 509-520.
Bosi, F., Biagioni, C., Pasero, M.(2019) Nomenclature and classification of the spinel supergroup. European Journal of Mineralogy: 31: 183-192.

Internet Links for XingzhongiteHide

Localities for XingzhongiteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
China (FRL)
Jambor, J.L. (1989) New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 74: 1215-1220.
Finland
 
Törnroos Ragnar, Johanson Bo, Kojonen Kari, 1998. Alluvial nuggets of platinum group minerals and alloys from Finnish Lapland. Geological survey of Finland, Special Paper
    • Enontekiö
33rd International Geological Congress (2008) session MPM-04 Platinum-group mineralogy: Pt-Pd selenides from river placers, northern Finland
France
 
  • New Caledonia
    • Northern Province
      • Koumac
        • Tiébaghi Massif
Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990; Augé, T. (1988). Platinum-Group Minerals in the Tiébaghi (New-Caledonia) and Vourinos (Greece) Ophiolites. In Geo-Platinum 87 (pp. 405-405). Springer Netherlands.
Kazakhstan
 
  • Aktobe Region
    • Kargaly
Melcher, F., Grum, W., Simon, G., Thalhammer, T.V., Stumpfl, E.F. (1997): Petrogenesis of the Ophiolitic Giant Chromite Deposits of Kempirsai, Kazakhstan: a Study of Solid and Fluid Inclusions in Chromite. J Petrol.: 38(10), 1419–1458; https://doi.org/10.1093/petroj/38.10.1419
Russia
 
  • Chelyabinsk Oblast
    • Miass River
Zaykov, V. V., Melekestseva, I. Y., Zaykova, E. V., Kotlyarov, V. A., & Kraynev, Y. D. (2017). Gold and platinum group minerals in placers of the South Urals: Composition, microinclusions of ore minerals and primary sources. Ore Geology Reviews, 85, 299-320.
  • Kemerovo Oblast
Zhmodik, S. M., Nesterenko, G. V., Airiyants, E. V., Belyanin, D. K., Kolpakov, V. V., Podlipsky, M. Y., & Karmanov, N. S. (2016). Alluvial platinum-group minerals as indicators of primary PGE mineralization (placers of southern Siberia). Russian Geology and Geophysics, 57(10), 1437-1464.
  • Sverdlovsk Oblast
    • Nizhnyaya Tura
Stepanov, S. Y., Palamarchuk, R. S., Varlamov, D. A., Kozlov, A. V., Khanin, D. A., & Antonov, A. V. (2019). Platinum group minerals from Veresovka River Deluvial Placer, Veresovoborsky dunite–clinopyroxenite massif (Middle Urals). Geology of Ore Deposits, 61, 767-781.
USA
 
  • Alaska
    • Bethel Census Area
      • Goodnews Bay
        • Salmon River - Red Mountain District
USGS Open-File Report 01-269 https://ardf.wr.usgs.gov/ardf_data/HagemeisterIsland.pdf
Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
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