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Yarrowite

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Yarrow Creek-Spionkop Creek deposit, Alberta, Canada
© 2008, JGW

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Formula:
Cu
 
9
S
 
8
System:TrigonalColour:Bluish-grey, black
Lustre:MetallicHardness:2½
Name:Named after its discovery locality, Yarrow Creek and Spionkop Creek Valley, Alberta, Canada.


Chalcocite-Digenite Group. Chalcocite-Yarrowite Series.

See also the closely related spionkopite.

Classification of Yarrowite

IMA status:Approved 1978
Strunz 8th edition ID:2/B.01-80
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:2.CA.05d

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
C : Metal Sulfides, M: S = 1: 1 (and similar)
A : With Cu
Dana 8th edition ID:2.7.3.1

2 : SULFIDES
7 : AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 9:8
Hey's CIM Ref.:3.1.12

3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
1 : Sulphides etc. of Cu
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Type Occurrence of Yarrowite

Type Locality:Yarrow Creek, Yarrow Creek-Spionkop Creek deposit, Alberta, Canada

Physical Properties of Yarrowite

Lustre:Metallic
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Opaque
Colour:Bluish-grey, black
Hardness (Mohs):2½

Crystallography of Yarrowite

Crystal System:Trigonal
Cell Parameters:a = 3.8Å, c = 67.26Å
Ratio:a:c = 1 : 17.7
Unit Cell Volume:V 841.11 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Chemical Properties of Yarrowite

Formula:
Cu
 
9
S
 
8
Essential elements:Cu, S
All elements listed in formula:Cu, S
Common Impurities:Fe,Ag

Relationship of Yarrowite to other Species

Series:Forms a series with Chalcocite (see here)
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
2.CA.05aCovellite
CuS
2.CA.05bKlockmannite
CuSe
2.CA.05cSpionkopite
Cu
 
39
S
 
28
2.CA.10Nukundamite
(Cu,Fe)
 
4
S
 
4
2.CA.15Calvertite
Cu
 
5
Ge
 
0.5
S
 
4
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
3.1.1Chalcocite
Cu
 
2
S
3.1.2Djurleite
Cu
 
31
S
 
16
3.1.3Digenite
Cu
 
9
S
 
5
3.1.4Anilite
Cu
 
7
S
 
4
3.1.5Roxbyite
Cu
 
9
S
 
5
3.1.6Spionkopite
Cu
 
39
S
 
28
3.1.7Geerite
Cu
 
8
S
 
5
3.1.8Covellite
CuS
3.1.9Berzelianite
Cu
 
2
Se
3.1.10Bellidoite
Cu
 
2
Se
3.1.11Umangite
Cu
 
3
Se
 
2
3.1.13Athabascaite
Cu
 
5
Se
 
4
3.1.14Klockmannite
CuSe
3.1.15Krut'aite
CuSe
 
2
3.1.16Weissite
Cu
 
2-x
Te
3.1.17Rickardite
Cu
 
7
Te
 
5
3.1.18Vulcanite
CuTe
3.1.19Bambollaite
Cu(Se,Te)
 
2
3.1.20Lautite
CuAsS
3.1.21Mgriite
Cu
 
3
AsSe
 
3
3.1.22Cubanite
CuFe
 
2
S
 
3
3.1.23Bornite
Cu
 
5
FeS
 
4
3.1.24Fukuchilite
Cu
 
3
FeS
 
8
3.1.25Chalcopyrite
CuFeS
 
2
3.1.26Mooihoekite
Cu
 
9
Fe
 
9
S
 
16
3.1.27Haycockite
Cu
 
4
Fe
 
5
S
 
8
3.1.28Isocubanite
CuFe
 
2
S
 
3
3.1.29Idaite
Cu
 
5
FeS
 
6
3.1.30Nukundamite
(Cu,Fe)
 
4
S
 
4
3.1.31Putoranite
Cu
 
9
(Fe,Ni)
 
9
S
 
16
3.1.32Orickite
2CuFeS
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
3.1.33Eskebornite
CuFeSe
 
2
3.1.34Chaméanite
(Cu,Fe)
 
4
As(Se,S)
 
4
3.1.35Talnakhite
Cu
 
9
(Fe,Ni)
 
8
S
 
16

Other Names for Yarrowite

Synonyms:
IMA1978-022
Other Languages:
German:Yarrowit
Simplified Chinese:雅硫铜矿
Spanish:Yarrowita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Yarrowite

Reference List:

- +
GOBLE, R.J. (1980): Copper sulfides from Alberta: yarrowite Cu9S8 and spionkopite Cu39S28. Canadian Mineralogist 18, 511-518. Abstracted in: American Mineralogist (1981): 1279.

GOBLE, R.J. (1985): The relationship between crystal structure, bonding and cell dimensions in the copper sulfides. Canadian Mineralogist 23, 61-76.



Internet Links for Yarrowite

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    • Localities for Yarrowite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Atlantic Ocean
     
    • Mid-Atlantic Ridge complex
    		Gablina, I.F., Semkova, T.A., Stepanova, T.V., and Gor'kova, N.V. (2006): Lithology and Mineral Resources 41(1), 27-44.
    New Data on Minerals (2004): 39: 99-105
    Austria
     
    • Styria
      • Graz
    		Bojar, H.-P. & Postl, W. (1999)
      • Köflach
        • Voitsberg
          • Krems
    		Moser & Postl (1990); Exel (1993)
    Canada
     
    • Alberta
      • Yarrow Creek-Spionkop Creek deposit
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
    GOBLE, R.J. (1980): Copper sulfides from Alberta: yarrowite Cu9S8 and spionkopite Cu39S28. Canadian Mineralogist 18, 511-518. GOBLE, R.J. (1985): The relationship between crystal structure, bonding and cell dimensions in the copper sulfides. Canadian Mineralogist 23, 61-76.
    • Northwest Territories
      • Mazenod Lake District
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
    • Ontario
      • Algoma District
        • Bruce Mines
    		Sabina, Ann P., GSC Miscellaneous Report 49, page 49, Bruce Mines Copper Mines
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Ústí Region
        • Krušné Hory Mts (Erzgebirge)
          • Klášterec nad Ohří
    		- Hyrsl, J. & Korbel, P. (2009): Tschechien & Slowakei, Mineralien und Fundstellen. Page 71.
    Democratic Republic of Congo (Zaïre)
     
    • Katanga (Shaba)
      • Katanga Copper Crescent
        • Kolwezi District
          • Kolwezi
    		Can.Min. 46,19-31(2008)
    Germany
     
    • Baden-Württemberg
      • Black Forest
        • Calw
    		Walenta, K. (1992): "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich).
    K. Walenta: "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich), 1992
        • Menzenschwand
    		Walenta: "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich), 1992
        • Pforzheim
          • Würm
    		K. Walenta: "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich), 1992
        • Schenkenzell
          • Wittichen
            • Böckelsbach valley
    		K. Walenta: "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich), 1992
            • Burgfelsen
    		No reference listed
            • Gallenbach valley
    		K. Walenta: "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich), 1992
            • Heubach Valley
    		No reference listed
        • St Blasien
          • Urberg
    		Walenta: "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich), 1992
        • Wolfach
          • Oberwolfach
            • Rankach valley
    		Walenta, K. (1992): Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes. Chr. Weise Verlag, München, 336 pp. (in German)
    • Bavaria
      • Franconia
        • Spessart
          • Schöllkrippen
            • Großkahl
    		A. Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", Schweizerbart (Stuttgart), 2001
            • Huckelheim
    		Schmitt, R. T. (1993): "Sulfide und Arsenide aus den Gruben Segen Gottes bei Huckelheim und Hilfe Gottes bei Großkahl im Spessart", Der Aufschluss 44, 111-122. (in German)
    • Lower Saxony
      • Harz
        • Clausthal-Zellerfeld
          • Oberschulenberg
    		Lapis, 11 (1), 9-18+42
    • Rhineland-Palatinate
      • Hunsrück
        • Birkenfeld
          • Sonnenberg-Winnenberg
    		Roger Lang analyses/research 1994-1998
        • Idar-Oberstein
          • Fischbach
    		Scheiderhöhn & Kautzsch 1936, research R. Lang, 1994-1998
    • Saxony-Anhalt
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    • Saxony
      • Oberlausitz
        • Niesky
          • Horscha
    		Witzke, T. & Giesler, T. (2007): Der Schieferabbau Pansberg bei Horscha in der Lausitz, Sachsen. Lapis 32 (7-8), 68-73; 86.
    Indonesia
     
    • Jawa Island (Java Island)
      • Jawa Barat Province (West Java Province)
        • Bogor District
    		The Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 41, pp. 185-200 (2003)
    Iran
     
    • Yazd Province
      • Ardakan (Ardekan)
    		http://www.fos.ut.ac.ir/~journal/G.80.1E_2.htm
    Ireland
     
    • Co. Kerry
      • Killarney
        • Lough Leane
    		Ixer, R.A. 2004. Catalogue of Petrographic Descriptions for Rock and Ore Samples, Ross Island Mine. In: O'Brien, W. ed. Ross Island - Mining, Metal and Society in Early Ireland. Bronze Age Studies 6, Department of Archaeology, National University of Ireland, Galway, 768pp.
    Italy
     
    • Lombardy
      • Sondrio Province
        • Masino Valley
    		AA. VV., 1996. Collezionare minerali. Hobby & Work.
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Tohoku Region
        • Fukushima Prefecture
          • Iwaki City
    		Matsubara et al (2002) Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences, 97, 177-184.
        • Iwate Prefecture
          • Shimohei-gun
    		Matsubara, S. et al (2002) Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences, 97, 177-184.
    Poland
     
    • Lower Silesia (Dolnośląskie)
      • Legnica
        • Lubin District
    		Kucha H. 2007: Mineralogia kruszcowa i geochemia ciała rudnego złoża Lubin-Sieroszowice. Biuletyn PIG, vol. 423, pp. 77-94
    Switzerland
     
    • Wallis (Valais)
      • Anniviers Valley
        • Saint-Luc
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz. Wepf (Basel), p. 109.; Ansermet, S. (2012): Mines et minéraux du Valais - II. Anniviers et Tourtemagne. With contributions by N. Meisser, Ed. Porte-plumes (Ayer)
    Turkey
     
    • Black Sea Region
      • Gümüşhane Province
    		Beih. z. Eur. J. Mineral 18 (2006) 28
    UK
     
    • England
      • Cumbria
        • North and Western Region (Cumberland)
          • Caldbeck Fells
    		Journal of The Russell Society, Volume 9, 2006
      • Leicestershire
        • Stanton under Bardon
    		UKJMM 26:43-51
      • Somerset
        • Bridgwater (Bridgewater)
          • Cannington
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
      • Warwickshire
        • Nuneaton
    		UKJMM 26:43-51
    • Scotland
      • North West Highlands (Ross-shire; Ross & Cromarty)
        • Loch Kishorn
    		Faithfull, J., Young, B., Starkey, R.E. (2012) Copper mineralisation at Rassal, Kishorn, Highland Region. Journal of the Russell Society, Vol. 15, pg. 49-58.
    • Wales
      • Powys (Radnorshire)
        • Old Radnor
          • Wethel
    		Cotterell TF et al (2011) The mineralogy of Dolyhir quarry, Old Radnor. Powys, Wales. UKJMM 32:5-61
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Cochise Co.
        • Mule Mts
          • Warren District
    		[MinRec 24:421]
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 428; Graeme, R. (1993), Bisbee revisited, Min.Rec.: 24: 421-436.
    Rob Bowell, lab tested
    • California
      • San Bernardino Co.
        • Mescal
    		Ronald Wynn Sheets, James R. Craig, Robert J. Bodnar (1995) Composition And Occurrence Of Electrum At The Morning Star Deposit, San Bernardino County, California: Evidence For Remobilization Of Gold And Silver. Canadian Mineralogist 33:137-151
    • New Mexico
      • Otero Co.
    		Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
    • Virginia
      • Charlotte Co.
    		Minerals of Virginia 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
      • Halifax Co.
    		Minerals of Virginia 1990 by R. V. Dietrich
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