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Yavapaiite

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United Verde Mine (The Big Hole; Big Hole property; Hull Mine; Hopewell tunnel; Patented claim 3480; Patented claim 2812; Patented claims 3348), Jerome, Verde District, Black Hills (Black Hill Range), Yavapai Co., Arizona, USA
© 2008, JGW

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Formula:
KFe(SO
 
4
)
 
2
System:MonoclinicColour:Pale purplish pink
Lustre:Sub-Adamantine, VitreousHardness:2½ - 3
Member of:Yavapaiite Group
Name:Named after the Yavapai people who first inhabited the area where the mineral was found.


Yavapaiite Group.

Related to markhininite.

Classification of Yavapaiite

IMA status:Approved
Strunz 8th edition ID:6/A.04-20
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:7.AC.15

7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
A : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without additional anions, without H2O
C : With medium-sized and large cations
Dana 8th edition ID:28.3.4.1

28 : ANHYDROUS ACID AND NORMAL SULFATES
3 : AXO4
Hey's CIM Ref.:25.11.6

25 : Sulphates
11 : Sulphates of Fe and other metals
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Type Occurrence of Yavapaiite

Type Locality:United Verde Mine (The Big Hole; Big Hole property; Hull Mine; Hopewell tunnel; Patented claim 3480; Patented claim 2812; Patented claims 3348), Jerome, Verde District, Black Hills (Black Hill Range), Yavapai Co., Arizona, USA
Year of Discovery:1959
Geological Setting of type material:Fire zone of a pyrite orebody. Fumarolic conditions.

Physical Properties of Yavapaiite

Lustre:Sub-Adamantine, Vitreous
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent
Colour:Pale purplish pink
Streak:White to pale yellow
Hardness (Mohs):2½ - 3
Tenacity:Very brittle
Cleavage:Perfect
Perfect on {001}, {110}, distinct on {110}
Fracture:Irregular/Uneven, Sub-Conchoidal
Density (measured):2.88 g/cm3
Density (calculated):2.891 g/cm3

Crystallography of Yavapaiite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Class (H-M):2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:B2/m {B1 1 2/m} {C2/m} {C1 2/m 1}
Cell Parameters:a = 8.152(2) Å, b = 5.153(4) Å, c = 7.877(5) Å
β = 94.9(7)°
Ratio:a:b:c = 1.582 : 1 : 1.529
Unit Cell Volume:V 329.68 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:2

Optical Data of Yavapaiite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.593(2) nβ = 1.684(2) nγ = 1.698(1)
2V:Measured: 30° , Calculated: 40°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.105

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:High
Dispersion:r > v strong

Chemical Properties of Yavapaiite

Formula:
KFe(SO
 
4
)
 
2
Essential elements:Fe, K, O, S
All elements listed in formula:Fe, K, O, S
Empirical Formula:
KFe
3+
 
(SO
 
4
)
 
2

Relationship of Yavapaiite to other Species

Member of:Yavapaiite Group
Other Members of Group:

- +
Eldfellite
NaFe
3+
 
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
7.AC.05Vanthoffite
Na
 
6
Mg(SO
 
4
)
 
4
7.AC.08Pyracmonite
(NH
 
4
)
 
3
Fe(SO
 
4
)
 
3
7.AC.10Efremovite
(NH
 
4
)
 
2
Mg
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
7.AC.10Langbeinite
K
 
2
Mg
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
7.AC.10Manganolangbeinite
K
 
2
Mn
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
7.AC.15Eldfellite
NaFe
3+
 
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
7.AC.20Godovikovite
(NH
 
4
)Al(SO
 
4
)
 
2
7.AC.20Sabieite
(NH
 
4
)Fe
3+
 
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
7.AC.25Thenardite
Na
 
2
SO
 
4
7.AC.30Metathenardite
Na
 
2
SO
 
4
7.AC.35Aphthitalite
(K,Na)
 
3
Na(SO
 
4
)
 
2
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
25.11.1Natrojarosite
NaFe
 
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
25.11.2Sideronatrite
Na
 
2
Fe(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH) · 3H
 
2
O
25.11.3Metasideronatrite
Na
 
2
Fe(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH) · H
 
2
O
25.11.4Ferrinatrite
Na
 
3
Fe(SO
 
4
)
 
3
 · 3H
 
2
O
25.11.5Amarillite
NaFe(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 6H
 
2
O
25.11.7Krausite
KFe(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
25.11.8Goldichite
KFe(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
25.11.9Jarosite
KFe
3+
 
 
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
25.11.10Voltaite
K
 
2
Fe
2+
5
Fe
3+
3
Al(SO
 
4
)
 
12
 · 18H
 
2
O
25.11.11Ungemachite
K
 
3
Na
 
8
Fe(SO
 
4
)
 
6
(NO
 
3
)
 
2
 · 6H
 
2
O
25.11.12Metavoltine
Na
 
6
K
 
2
FeFe
 
6
(SO
 
4
)
 
12
O
 
2
 · 18H
 
2
O
25.11.13Sabieite
(NH
 
4
)Fe
3+
 
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
25.11.14Ammoniojarosite
(NH
 
4
)Fe
3+
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
25.11.15Clairite
(NH
 
4
)
 
2
Fe
 
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
3
 · 3H
 
2
O
25.11.16Mohrite
(NH
 
4
)
 
2
Fe(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 6H
 
2
O
25.11.17Lonecreekite
(NH
 
4
)Fe
3+
 
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 12H
 
2
O
25.11.18Godovikovite
(NH
 
4
)Al(SO
 
4
)
 
2
25.11.19Botryogen
MgFe
3+
 
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH) · 7H
 
2
O
25.11.21Slavíkite
(H
 
3
O
+
 
)
 
3
Mg
 
6
Fe
 
15
(SO
 
4
)
 
21
(OH)
 
18
 · 99H
 
2
O
25.11.23Sturmanite
Ca
 
6
(Fe
3+
 
,Al,Mn
3+
 
)
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
[B(OH)
 
4
](OH)
 
12
 · 25H
 
2
O
25.11.24Millosevichite
(Al,Fe)
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
25.11.25Aluminocopiapite
Al
 
2/3
Fe
3+
4
(SO
 
4
)
 
6
(OH)
 
2
 · 20H
 
2
O
25.11.26Halotrichite
FeAl
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
 · 22H
 
2
O
25.11.27Idrizite
(Mg,Fe)(Al,Fe)
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
2
 · 15H
 
2
O or near
25.11.28Lishizhenite
ZnFe
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
 · 14H
 
2
O
25.11.29Zincovoltaite
K
 
2
Zn
 
5
Fe
3+
3
Al(SO
 
4
)
 
12
 · 18H
 
2
O

Other Names for Yavapaiite

Other Languages:
German:Yavapaiit
Russian:Явапайит
Simplified Chinese:斜钾铁矾
Spanish:Yavapaiita

Other Information

Other Information:Soluble in water with seperation of Fe(OH)3 from weakly acid solution.
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Yavapaiite

Reference List:

- +
Hutton, C. O. (1959): Yavapaiite, an anhydrous potassium, ferric sulfate from Jerome, Arizona. American Mineralogist: 44: 1105-1114.

American Mineralogist (1966): 51: 1546.

American Mineralogist (1971): 56: 1917-1933.

Internet Links for Yavapaiite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Yavapaiite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    • Localities for Yavapaiite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Chile
     
    • Antofagasta Region
      • El Loa Province
        • Calama
          • Cerritos Bayos
    		Samples analysed by Dr. Jochen Schluter, Curator of Hamburg Mineralogical Museum, Germany
    China
     
    • Xinjiang (Xinjiang-Uygur) Autonomous Region
      • Hami (Kumul; Qumul) Prefecture
        • Hami (Kumul; Qumul) Co.
    		Yingxia Xu, Kezhang Qin, Kunshou Ding, Jinxiang Li, Yu Miao, Tonghui Fang, Xingwang Xu, Daming Li, and Xiuquan Luo (2008): Acta Petrologica Sinica 24(10), 2371-2383
      • Tulufan (Turfan; Turpan) Prefecture
        • Shanshan (Piqan; Pichan) Co.
          • Kanggur-Xifengshan gold belt
    		Zhaoxin Han, Lijun Luan, and Chaoyou Wang (2004): Journal of Xi'an University of Science and Technology 24(3), 324-327; Kaiyin Bai and Zhaoxin Han (2007): Northwestern Geology 40(2), 114-117
    Italy
     
    • Campania
      • Phlegrean Volcanic Complex
        • Naples Province
          • Phlegrean Fields
            • Pozzuoli
    		De Michele, V. (1974). Guida mineralogica d'Italia. Istituto Geografico De Agostini, Novara, 2 vol
    • Sicily
      • Messina Province
        • Eolie Islands (Aeolian Islands)
          • Lipari
            • Vulcano Island
              • Porto Levante
    		Campostrini I. et al - Vulcano: ein aussergewohnlicher Fundpunkt von neuen und seltenen Mineralien - MineralienWelt 2010 - nr.3 - p.40-57
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Yavapai Co.
        • Black Hills (Black Hill Range)
          • Verde District
            • Jerome
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 262, 428-429; Anthony, J.W., et al (1972), The crystal structure of yavapaiite: A discussion, Am.Min.: 57: 1546; Graeber, E.J. & A. Rosenzweig (1971), The crystal structure of yavapaiite KFe(SO4)2 and goldichite, KFe(SO4)2·4H2, Am.Min.: 56: 1917-1933; Hutton, C.O. (1959a), Yavapaiite, an anhydrous potassium, ferric sulfate from Jerome, AZ: Am.Min.: 44: 1105-1114; Nickel & Nichols (1991), Mineral Reference Manual: 233.
    • Tennessee
      • Monroe Co.
        • Tellico Plains
    		Travis A. Paris (2011) Tennessee mineral locality index. Rocks & Minerals, 86, #4, 300-328.
    Mineral and/or Locality
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