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Zinnwaldite

Big Photo

Cínovec / Zinnwald (Cinvald), Erzgebirge; Krusné Hory Mts, Saxony & Ústí Region (Bohemia; Böhmen; Boehmen), Germany & Czech Republic
© RK

Show Zinnwaldite Photos (31)
Formula:
KLiFe
2+
 
Al[(F,OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
3
O
 
10
]
System:MonoclinicColour:Greyish-brown, ...
Hardness:2½ - 4
Name:Named after its discovery locality at Zinnwald, on the border between Germany and the Czech Republic. Zinnwald was named for its tin deposits.


Mica Group.

No longer a species - a series of trioctahedral micas on, or close to, the siderophyllite-polylithionite join; dark micas containing lithium.

-1M, -2M, and -3T polytypes are known.

The original zinnwaldite material came from Cínovec / Zinnwald (Cinvald), Erzgebirge; Krusné Hory Mts, Saxony & Ústí Region (Bohemia; Böhmen; Boehmen), Germany & Czech Republic.

Classification of Zinnwaldite

IMA status:Discredited
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:9.EC.20

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
E : Phyllosilicates
C : Phyllosilicates with mica sheets, composed of tetrahedral and octahedral nets
Dana 8th edition ID:71.2.2b.10

71 : PHYLLOSILICATES Sheets of Six-Membered Rings
2 : Sheets of 6-membered rings with 2:1 layers
Hey's CIM Ref.:17.2.9

17 : Silicates Containing other Anions
2 : Silicates with fluoride
mindat.org URL:http://www.mindat.org/min-4419.html
Please feel free to link to this page.

Physical Properties of Zinnwaldite

Lustre:Vitreous, Pearly
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent, Translucent
Colour:Greyish-brown, yellowish-brown, pale violet or pink, silver-grey, green-grey, nearly black
Hardness (Mohs):2½ - 4
Density (measured):2.9 - 3.02 g/cm3
Density (calculated):2.831 g/cm3

Crystallography of Zinnwaldite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Cell Parameters:a = 5.29Å, b = 9.14Å, c = 10.09Å
β = 100.83°
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.579 : 1 : 1.104
Unit Cell Volume:V 479.17 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
Image Loading

Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Horizontal Axis: ° to ° Vertical Axis: % Source Data: Filtered Data: Peaks:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Optical Data of Zinnwaldite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.565 - 1.625 nβ = 1.605 - 1.675 nγ = 1.605 - 1.675
2V:Measured: 30°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.040 - 0.050

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Moderate
Dispersion:none

Chemical Properties of Zinnwaldite

Formula:
KLiFe
2+
 
Al[(F,OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
3
O
 
10
]
Essential elements:Al, F, Fe, K, Li, O, Si
All elements listed in formula:Al, F, Fe, H, K, Li, O, Si
Common Impurities:Mn,Mg,Ti,Na,Rb,Ca,Ba,Tl,Ga,Sn,Sc,H2O

Relationship of Zinnwaldite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
9.EC.05Minnesotaite
(Fe,Mg)
 
3
Si
 
4
O
 
10
(OH)
 
2
9.EC.05Talc
Mg
 
3
Si
 
4
O
 
10
(OH)
 
2
9.EC.05Willemseite
(Ni,Mg)
 
3
Si
 
4
O
 
10
(OH)
 
2
9.EC.10Ferripyrophyllite
Fe
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
10
(OH)
 
2
9.EC.10Pyrophyllite
Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
10
(OH)
 
2
9.EC.15Boromuscovite
KAl
 
2
[(OH)
 
2
|BSi
 
3
O
 
10
]
9.EC.15Celadonite
K(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)(Fe
3+
 
,Al)[(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
4
O
 
10
]
9.EC.15Chernykhite
(Ba,Na)(V
3+
 
,Al,Mg)
 
2
[(OH)
 
2
|(Si,Al)
 
4
O
 
10
]
9.EC.15Montdorite
(K,Na)
 
2
(Fe
2+
 
,Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
5
[(OH,F)
 
2
|Si
 
4
O
 
10
]
 
2
9.EC.15Muscovite
KAl
 
2
[(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
3
O
 
10
]
9.EC.15Nanpingite
CsAl
 
2
[(OH,F)
 
2
|AlSi
 
3
O
 
10
]
9.EC.15Paragonite
NaAl
 
2
[(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
3
O
 
10
]
9.EC.15Roscoelite
K(V,Al)
 
2
[(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
3
O
 
10
]
9.EC.15Tobelite
(NH
 
4
,K)Al
 
2
[(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
3
O
 
10
]
9.EC.15Aluminoceladonite
K(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)(Al,Fe
3+
 
)[(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
4
O
 
10
]
9.EC.15Chromphyllite
K(Cr,Al)
 
2
[(OH,F)
 
2
|AlSi
 
3
O
 
10
]
9.EC.15Ferro-aluminoceladonite
K(Fe
2+
 
,Mg)(Al,Fe
3+
 
)[(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
4
O
 
10
]
9.EC.15Ferroceladonite
K(Fe
2+
 
,Mg)(Fe
3+
 
,Al)[(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
4
O
 
10
]
9.EC.15Chromceladonite
K(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)(Cr,Al)[(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
4
O
 
10
]
9.EC.15Tainiolite
KLiMg
 
2
[F
 
2
|Si
 
4
O
 
10
]
9.EC.15Ganterite
(Ba,Na,K)(Al,Mg)
 
2
[(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
3
O
 
10
]
9.EC.20Annite
KFe
2+
3
[(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
3
O
 
10
]
9.EC.20Ephesite
NaLiAl
 
2
[(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
10
]
9.EC.20Hendricksite
K(Zn,Mg,Mn
2+
 
)
 
3
[(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
3
O
 
10
]
9.EC.20Masutomilite
(K,Rb)(Li,Mn
3+
 
,Al)
 
3
[(F,OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
3
O
 
10
]
9.EC.20Norrishite
KLiMn
2+
2
[(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
4
O
 
10
]
9.EC.20Phlogopite
KMg
 
3
[(OH,F)
 
2
|AlSi
 
3
O
 
10
]
9.EC.20Polylithionite
KLi
 
2
Al[(F,OH)
 
2
|Si
 
4
O
 
10
]
9.EC.20Preiswerkite
NaMg
 
2
Al[(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
10
]
9.EC.20Siderophyllite
KFe
2+
2
Al[Al
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
10
](OH)
 
2
9.EC.20Tetra-ferriphlogopite
KMg
 
3
[(OH,F)
 
2
|(Fe
3+
 
,Al)Si
 
3
O
 
10
]
9.EC.20Wonesite
(Na,K)(Mg,fe,Al)
 
6
(Al,Si)
 
8
O
 
20
(OH,F)
 
4
9.EC.20Eastonite
KMg
 
2
Al[(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
10
]
9.EC.20Tetraferriannite
KFe
2+
3
[(OH)
 
2
|(Fe
3+
 
,Al)Si
 
3
O
 
10
]
9.EC.20Trilithionite
K(Li,Al)
 
3
[(F,OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
3
O
 
10
]
9.EC.20Fluorannite
KFe
2+
3
[(F,OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
3
O
 
10
]
9.EC.20Shirokshinite
KNaMg
 
2
[F
 
2
|Si
 
4
O
 
10
]
9.EC.20Shirozulite
K(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
3
[(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
3
O
 
10
]
9.EC.20Sokolovaite
CsLi
 
2
AlSi
 
4
O
 
10
F
 
2
9.EC.20Aspidolite
NaMg
 
3
[(OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
3
O
 
10
]
9.EC.20Fluorophlogopite
KMg
 
3
[(F,OH)
 
2
|AlSi
 
3
O
 
10
]
9.EC.20UM2004-49-SiO:AlCsFHKLi
(Cs,K)(Al,Li)
 
2.6
[(Si,Al)
 
4
O
 
10
](F,OH)
 
2
9.EC.20Suhailite
(NH
 
4
)Fe
 
3
(Si
 
3
Al)O
 
10
(OH)
 
2
9.EC.20IMA2009-017
KMg
 
2.5
[Si
 
4
O
 
10
]F
 
2
9.EC.20IMA2009-006
KLi
 
2
TiSi
 
4
O
 
11
F
9.EC.25Brammallite
Na
 
0.65
Al
 
2.0
ٱAl
 
0.65
Si
 
3.35
O
 
10
(OH)
 
2
9.EC.30Margarite
CaAl
 
2
[(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
10
]
9.EC.35Anandite
(Ba,K)(Fe
2+
 
,Mg)
 
3
[(O,OH)
 
2
|(Si,Al,Fe)
 
4
O
 
10
]
9.EC.35Bityite
CaLiAl
 
2
[(OH)
 
2
|BeAlSi
 
2
O
 
10
]
9.EC.35Clintonite
Ca(Mg,Al)
 
3
[(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
3
SiO
 
10
]
9.EC.35Kinoshitalite
(Ba,K)(Mg,Mn
2+
 
,Al)
 
3
[(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
10
]
9.EC.35Ferrokinoshitalite
(Ba,K)(Fe
2+
 
,Mg)
 
3
[(OH,F)
 
2
|Al
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
10
]
9.EC.35Oxykinoshitalite
(Ba,K)(Mg,Ti,Fe
3+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)
 
3
[(O,OH,F)
 
2
|(Si,Al)
 
4
O
 
10
]
9.EC.40Beidellite
(Na,Ca
 
0.5
)
 
0.3
Al
 
2
(Si,Al)
 
4
O
 
10
(OH)
 
2
·nH
 
2
O
9.EC.40Kurumsakite
(Zn,Ni,Cu)
 
8
Al
 
8
V
 
2
Si
 
5
O
 
35
·27H
 
2
O (or near)
9.EC.40Montmorillonite
(Na,Ca)
 
0.33
(Al,Mg)
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
10
(OH)
 
2
·nH
 
2
O
9.EC.40Nontronite
Na
 
0.3
Fe
 
2
(Si,Al)
 
4
O
 
10
(OH)
 
2
·nH
 
2
O
9.EC.40Volkonskoite
Ca
 
0.3
(Cr,Mg,Fe)
 
2
(Si,Al)
 
4
O
 
10
(OH)
 
2
·4H
 
2
O
9.EC.40Yakhontovite
(Ca,Na)
 
0.5
(Cu,Fe,Mg)
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
10
(OH)
 
2
·3H
 
2
O
9.EC.40Smectite
9.EC.45Hectorite
Na
 
0.3
(Mg,Li)
 
3
Si
 
4
O
 
10
(F,OH)
 
2
9.EC.45Saponite
Ca
 
0.25
(Mg,Fe)
 
3
(Si,Al)
 
4
O
 
10
(OH)
 
2
·nH
 
2
O
9.EC.45Sauconite
Na
 
0.3
Zn
 
3
(Si,Al)
 
4
O
 
10
(OH)
 
2
·4H
 
2
O
9.EC.45Spadaite
MgSiO
 
2
(OH)
 
2
·H
 
2
O
9.EC.45Stevensite
(Ca,Na)
 
x
Mg
 
3
Si
 
4
O
 
10
(OH)
 
2
9.EC.45Swinefordite
Li(Al,Li,Mg)
 
4
(Si,Al)
 
8
O
 
20
,(OH,F)
 
4
·xH
 
2
O
9.EC.45Zincsilite
Zn
 
3
Si
 
4
O
 
10
(OH)
 
2
·4H
 
2
O
9.EC.45Ferrosaponite
Ca
 
0.3
(Fe
2+
 
,Mg,Fe
3+
 
)
 
3
(Si,Al)
 
4
O
 
10
(OH)
 
2
·4H
 
2
O
9.EC.50Vermiculite
(Mg,Fe,Al)
 
3
(Al,Si)
 
4
O
 
10
(OH)
 
2
·4H
 
2
O
9.EC.55Baileychlore
(Zn,Fe,Al,Mg)
 
6
(Si,Al)
 
4
O
 
10
(OH)
 
8
9.EC.55Chamosite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mg)
 
5
Al[(OH)
 
8
|AlSi
 
3
O
 
10
]
9.EC.55Clinochlore
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
5
Al[(OH)
 
8
|AlSi
 
3
O
 
10
]
9.EC.55Cookeite
LiAl
 
4
(Si
 
3
Al)O
 
10
(OH)
 
8
9.EC.55Franklinfurnaceite
Ca
 
2
FeMn
 
3
MnZn
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
10
(OH)
 
8
9.EC.55Gonyerite
(Mn,Mg)
 
5
Fe(Si
 
3
Fe)O
 
10
(OH)
 
8
9.EC.55Nimite
(Ni,Mg,Al)
 
6
(Si,Al)
 
4
O
 
10
(OH)
 
8
9.EC.55Orthochamosite
(Fe,Mg,Fe)
 
5
Al(Si
 
3
Al)O
 
10
(OH,O)
 
8
9.EC.55Pennantite
(Mn
 
5
Al)(Si
 
3
Al)O
 
10
(OH)
 
8
9.EC.55Sudoite
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
2
Al
 
3
[(OH)
 
8
|AlSi
 
3
O
 
10
]
9.EC.55Donbassite
Al
 
2
[Al
 
2.33
][Si
 
3
AlO
 
10
](OH)
 
8
9.EC.55Glagolevite
Na(Mg,Al)
 
6
[(OH,O)
 
8
|AlSi
 
3
O
 
10
]
9.EC.55Borocookeite
Li
 
1+3x
Al
 
4-x
[(BSi
 
3
)O
 
10
](OH)
 
8
 [0.00 <= x <=0.33]
9.EC.60Aliettite
Ca
 
0.2
Mg
 
6
(Si,Al)
 
8
O
 
20
(OH)
 
4
·4H
 
2
O
9.EC.60Corrensite
(Mg,Fe)
 
9
(Si,Al)
 
8
O
 
20
(OH)
 
10
·nH
 
2
O
9.EC.60Dozyite
Mg
 
7
Al
 
2
[(OH)
 
12
|Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
15
]
9.EC.60Hydrobiotite
9.EC.60Karpinskite
(Ni,Mg)
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
5
(OH)
 
2
9.EC.60Kulkeite
Mg
 
8
Al(AlSi
 
7
)O
 
20
(OH)
 
10
9.EC.60Lunijianlaite
Li
 
0.7
Al
 
6.2
(Si
 
7
AlO
 
20
)(OH,O)
 
10
9.EC.60Rectorite
(Na,Ca)Al
 
4
(Si,Al)
 
8
O
 
20
(OH)
 
4
·2H
 
2
O
9.EC.60Saliotite
Li
 
0.5
Na
 
0.5
Al
 
3
Si
 
3
AlO
 
10
(OH)
 
5
9.EC.60Tosudite
9.EC.60Brinrobertsite
Na
 
0.3
Al
 
4
[(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
4
O
 
10
]
 
2
 · 3.5 H
 
2
O
9.EC.65Macaulayite
(Fe,Al)
 
24
Si
 
4
O
 
43
(OH)
 
2
9.EC.70Burckhardtite
Pb
 
2
(Fe,Mn)AlTeO
 
2
Si
 
3
O
 
10
(OH)
 
2
·H
 
2
O
9.EC.75Ferrisurite
(Pb,Ca)
 
2-3
(CO
 
3
)
 
1.5-2
(OH,F)
 
0.5-1
[(Fe,Al)
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
10
(OH)
 
2
]·nH
 
2
O
9.EC.75Surite
Pb(Pb,Ca)(CO
 
3
)
 
2
(Al,Fe,Mg)
 
2
(Si,Al)
 
4
O
 
10
(OH)
 
2
9.EC.75Niksergievite
(Ba,Ca)
 
2
(Al,Si)
 
7
O
 
10
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
6
·nH
 
2
O
9.EC.80Kegelite
Pb
 
12
(Zn,Fe)
 
2
Al
 
4
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
Si
 
11
O
 
38
 or near
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
17.2.1Topaz
Al
 
2
[(F,OH)
 
2
|SiO
 
4
]
17.2.2Polylithionite
KLi
 
2
Al[(F,OH)
 
2
|Si
 
4
O
 
10
]
17.2.3Leifite
(Na,H
 
2
O)Na
 
6
[F
 
2
|Be
 
2
Al
 
2
(Al,Si)Si
 
15
O
 
39
]
17.2.5Meliphanite
(Ca,Na)
 
2
(Be,Al)[Si
 
2
O
 
6
(OH,F)]
17.2.6Sarcolite
Na
 
2
Ca
 
12
(Ca,K,Fe,Sr,Mg)
 
2
Al
 
8
Si
 
12
(P,Si)O
 
52
F
 
2
17.2.7Götzenite
Na
 
2
Ca
 
5
Ti[F
 
4
|(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
]
17.2.8Kuliokite-(Y)
Y
 
4
Al(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
F
 
5
17.2.10Magbasite
KBa(Al,Sc)(Mg,Fe)
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
20
F
 
2
17.2.11Eckermannite
[Na][Na
 
2
][(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
4
Al][(OH)
 
2
|Si
 
8
O
 
22
]

Other Names for Zinnwaldite

Synonyms:
Lithioeisenglimmer
Other Languages:
German:Zinnwaldit
Russian:Циннвальдит
Spanish:Zinnwaldita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Zinnwaldite

Reference List:Haidinger, W. (1845), Handbuch der bestimmenden mineralogie (Vienna): 521.

European Journal of Mineralogy (1996): 8: 1241.

Canadian Mineralogist (1998): 36: 905-912.

Internet Links for Zinnwaldite

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    Localities for Zinnwaldite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Algeria
     
    • Tamanghasset Province
      • Ahaggar Mts (Hoggar Mts)
        • Laouni
    Australia
     
    • Western Australia
      • Cue Shire
        • Cue
          • Poona
    		Emeralds of the World English extraLapis Vol. 2 2002 pp24-35
    Brazil
     
    • Central-West Region
      • Goiás
        • Monte Alegre de Goiás
    		M. Abrahao Moura et al. , Revista Brasileira de Geociensas, June 2000, 30(2), pp. 270-273
        • Pirenópolis
    		Emeralds of the World English extraLapis Vol. 2 2002 pp24-35
    • Southeast Region
      • Minas Gerais
        • Doce valley
          • São José da Safira
    		No reference listed
        • Jequitinhonha valley
          • Itinga
            • Monte Belo
            • Taquaral
              • Piauí Valley
    No reference listed
        • Mortes valley
          • Nazareno
    Canada
     
    • Manitoba
      • Lac-du-Bonnet area
        • Bernic Lake
    		www.davidkjoyceminerals.com
    • New Brunswick
      • Charlotte Co.
        • southwest of Fredericton
    • Québec
      • Gatineau Co.
        • Wakefield Township
          • St-Pierre-de-Wakefield
    		Winchell, A. N., 1942, Futher Studies of the Lepidolite System, American Mineralogist, v. 27, p. 114-130.
    China
     
    • Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region
      • Guilin Prefecture
        • Gongcheng Co.
          • Limu Ta-Sn ore field
    		Jinchu Zhu, Renke Li, Fuchun Li, Xiaolin Xiong, Fengying Zhou, and Xiaolong Huang (2001): Mineralium Deposita 36(5), 393-405.
    Jinchu Zhu, Renke Li, Fuchun Li, Xiaolin Xiong, Fengying Zhou, and Xiaolong Huang (2001): Mineralium Deposita 36(5), 393-405.
    Jinchu Zhu, Renke Li, Fuchun Li, Xiaolin Xiong, Fengying Zhou, and Xiaolong Huang (2001): Mineralium Deposita 36(5), 393-405.
    • Hunan Province
      • Chenzhou Prefecture
        • Linwu Co.
          • Xianghualing Sn-polymetallic ore field
    		AM 44 (1959), 1327; EJM 10 (1998), 1037
        • Yizhang Co.
          • Dongpo ore field
    		Gu Xiongfei, Ding Kuishou, and Xu Yingnian (1976): Geochimica 1976(2), 107.
      • Hengyang Prefecture
        • Leiyang Co.
    		Xiangli Chen, Yanhui Jin, and Ciguo Xie (2003): Acta Mineralogica Sinica 23(4), 323-326.
    • Jiangxi Province
      • Ji'an Prefecture
        • Anfu Co.
          • Yichun complex
    		Belkasmi, M., Cuney, M., Pollard, P.J., and Bastoul, A. (2000): Mineralogical Magazine 64(3), 507-523.
    http://www.commerceresources.com/i/pdf/09-Chap10.pdf
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Karlovy Vary Region
    		No reference listed
    Werner, A.B.T., Sinclair, W.D., and Amey, E.B. (1998): US Geological Survey Circular 930-O.
            • Čistá
    		Janečka, J., Just, J., Kušnír, I.: Zpráva o výzkumu a výpočet zásob Sn-rud na ložisku Jeroným v Čisté ve Slavkovském lese (stav ke dni 1.7.1966). Loket: MS, Ústřední ústav geologický Praha, 1966. 86 s.
        • Krušné Hory Mts (Erzgebirge)
          • Ostrov
    		Bull. Minéral. , 1988, 111, pp. 477-492.
    Breiter, K., et al (December 1997), The Jour. of Petrology: 38(12).
      • South Bohemia Region
        • Český Krumlov
    		Welser, P. et al.: Lithný pegmatit Nová Ves. Minerál, Special volume, 2007, roč. 15.
      • Ústí Region
        • Krušné Hory Mts (Erzgebirge)
          • Klášterec nad Ohří
    		Bull. Minéral. , 1988, 111, pp. 477-492.
          • Krupka (Graupen)
            • Knöttel (Knötel; Knödel) area
    		Rieder, M., Huka, M., Kučerová, D., Minařík, L., Obermajer, J., and Povondra, P. (1970): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 27, 131-158.
    Rieder, M., Huka, M., Kučerová, D., Minařík, L., Obermajer, J., and Povondra, P. (1970): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 27, 131-158.
            • Steinknochen (Lux vein) area
    		Rieder, M., Huka, M., Kučerová, D., Minařík, L., Obermajer, J., and Povondra, P. (1970): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 27, 131-158.
    Rieder, M., Huka, M., Kučerová, D., Minařík, L., Obermajer, J., and Povondra, P. (1970): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 27, 131-158.
    • Moravia (Mähren; Maehren)
      • Vysočina Region
        • Jihlava (Iglau)
    		Staněk, J.: Příspěvky k mineralogii některých západomoravských pegmatitů. Časopis Moravského musea v Brně, 1952, roč. 37, s. 112-125.
        • Třebíč
    		Škoda, R., Novák, M., Houzar, S.: Granitické NYF pegmatity třebíčského plutonu. Acta Musei Moraviae, Scientiae geologicae, 2006, roč. 91, s. 129 - 176.
    Egypt
     
    • Red Sea Governorate
    		MinMag 63:821-836
        • Marsa Alam
    		Küster, D. (2009): Ore Geology Reviews 35, 68-86.
    France
     
    • Burgundy
      • Saône-et-Loire
        • Gilly-sur-Loire
    		.MOUREY Y. (1985b) - Le leucogranite à topaze de Chavence. Un nouvel exemple de massif à Sn, W, Li dans le Nord du Massif central français. C. R. Acad. Sci., Paris, t. 300, série II, n° 19, p. 951-954.
    Germany
     
    • Baden-Württemberg
      • Black Forest
        • Hornberg
    		No reference listed
        • Kandern
          • Malsburg
            • Lütschenbach
    		K. Walenta: "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich), 1992
    Aufschluss 1972(10), 362-363
    K. Walenta: "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich), 1992
    • Bavaria
      • Franconia
        • Fichtelgebirge
          • Tröstau
            • Leupoldsdorf
    		Lapis, 10 (7/8), 15-26+81
            • Nagel
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
    Lapis 2002(11), 31-39
          • Weißenstadt
            • Großer Waldstein Mt.
    		Lapis, 12 (11), 25-28+42.
    Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
            • Kirchenlamitz
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
            • Rudolfstein Mt.
    		Lapis, 10 (7/8), 52-58.
      • Upper Palatinate
        • Oberpfälzer Wald
          • Vohenstrauß
            • Leuchtenberg
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", 1990
    • Saxony
      • Erzgebirge
        • Altenberg
    		Rieder, M., Huka, M., Kučerová, D., Minařík, L., Obermajer, J., and Povondra, P. (1970): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 27, 131-158.
        • Bad Gottleuba-Berggießhübel
    		Baumann, L., Kuschka, E., and Seifert, T. (2000): Lagerstätten des Erzgebirges. Enke (Stuttgart), 300 pp.
        • Ehrenfriedersdorf
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 938; Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001.
        • Johanngeorgenstadt District
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
        • Schmiedeberg
    		Rieder, M., Huka, M., Kučerová, D., Minařík, L., Obermajer, J., and Povondra, P. (1970): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 27, 131-158.
    Lapis 30(7/8):78-80 (2005)
      • Oberlausitz
        • Görlitz
    		www.minmax.net
    Germany & Czech Republic
     
    • Saxony & Ústí Region (Bohemia; Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Erzgebirge; Krusné Hory Mts
    		Lapis 17(2), 31-35 (1992)
    Greenland
     
    • Kitaa (West Greenland) Province
      • Arsuk
        • Arsuk Firth
          • Ivittuut (Ivigtut)
    		[www.hedegaard.com]
    Italy
     
    • Lombardy
      • Varese Province
        • Ceresio Valley
    		No reference listed
    Am Min 90:1442-1452
    • Piedmont
      • Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province
        • Baveno
          • Oltrefiume
            • Mount Camoscio
    		[MinRec 14:157]
        • Mergozzo
    		C.M. Gramaccioli (1975)-Minerali alpini e Prealpini-Edizioni Atlas Bergamo
        • Omegna
          • Agrano
    		Am Min 90:1442-1452
    - Albertini,C. (2000) : Ritrovamenti nel Rio Inferno, Brughiere di Omegna. Prima segnalazione nel granito di Baveno : uranofane-beta - Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Milano, XXIV, 2, 88-92.
    • Sardinia
      • Medio Campidano Province
        • Gonnosfanadiga
    		Stara, P., Rizzo, R., Tanca, G.A. (1996): Iglesiente e Arburese. Miniere e Minerali. Edito a cura dell'EMSA e "varie associazioni mineralogiche", Volume 2, 192 pp.
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Chubu Region
        • Gifu Prefecture
    		Z. Harada (1954) Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Ser. 4, 8, 289.
          • Nakatsugawa City
      • Kinki Region
        • Shiga Prefecture
          • Otsu City
    		Am.Min. 62:594 (1977)
    Madagascar
     
    • Antananarivo Province
      • Vakinankaratra Region (Betafo - Antsirabé region)
        • Betafo District
          • Ambohimanambola Commune
            • Mount Ikaka
    		Wilson, W. E. (1989) The Anjanabonoina pegmatite, Madagascar. Mineralogical Record 20: 191-200
          • Andrembesoa Commune
            • FKT Antsentsindrano
    		Behier, J. (1963): Carte mineralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Géologique Madagascar. A 1871
        • Sahatany Pegmatite Field (Mt Bity (Ibity) area)
          • Sahatany Valley
    		Ranorosoa, N. (1986): Etude mineralogique des pegmatites du champ de la Sahatany, Madagascar. These de Doctorat de l`Universite Paul Sabatier, Toulouse
    • Fianarantsoa Province
      • Amoron'i Mania Region
        • Ambatofinandrahana District
    		Behier, J. (1963): Carte mineralogique de Madagascar. Archive Service Gélogique Madagascar. A 1871
    Malaysia
     
    • Perak
      • Gopeng
    		Econ Geol (1985) 80:1365-1378
    Namibia
     
    • Erongo Region
      • Karibib District
        • Etiro
          • Brabant 86 farm
    		Min Rec (2006) 37:361-470
      • Usakos and Omaruru Districts
    		www.prodg.cc/johnston/erongo.htm
    North Korea
     
    • Kangwon Province
      • Ulchin-gun
        • Wangbi-ri
    		Shibata, H.: Lithia mica deposits in Korea with special reference to spodumene and amblygonite. (in: Geology and Mineral Resources of the Far East, University of Tokyo Press, 1969; pp 158-168)
    • North Hamgyong Province
      • Haksong-gun
        • Obok-tong
    		Shibata, H.: Lithia mica deposits in Korea with special reference to spodumene and amblygonite. (in: Geology and Mineral Resources of the Far East, University of Tokyo Press, 1969; pp 158-168)
    • South Hamgyong Province
      • Munchon-gun
        • Pungha-myon
    		Shibata, H.: Lithia mica deposits in Korea with special reference to spodumene and amblygonite. (in: Geology and Mineral Resources of the Far East, University of Tokyo Press, 1969; pp 158-168)
    • South Hwanghae Province
      • Pyongsan-gun
        • Chogam-myon
          • Onjong-ni
    		Kondo, C. (1940) Jour. Min. Soc. Korea, 23, 11.
    Norway
     
    • Aust-Agder
      • Iveland
    		Frigstad, O. F. (1999): Amazonittpegmatitter i Iveland-Evje. Bergverksmuseets Skrift 15: 60-73.
    • Nordland
      • Alstahaug
        • Sandnessjøen
    		Larsen,A.O.(1981): Mineralnotater. NAGS-Nytt 8(2), 36 (in norwegian)
    • Telemark
      • Drangedal
        • Tørdal
    		Juve, G. & Bergstøl, S. (1990): Caesian bazzite in granite pegmatite in Tørdal, Telemark, Norway. Mineralogy & Petrology, 43:131-136
    Kristiansen, R. (1998a): Høydalen Litium-pegmatitt-Tørdal i Telemark. Bergverksmuseets Skrift 14, 17-28
    Peru
     
    • Ancash Department
      • Pallasca Province
    		Min. Rec. 28, No. 4 (1997); collections of Rock Currier, Jack Crowley, Jaroslav Hyrsl and Alfredo Petrov.
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Transbaikalia (Zabaykalye)
        • Buriatia (Buryatia) Republic
          • Vitim Plateau
    		Bulnaev, K.B. (2006): Geology of Ore Deposits 48(4), 277-289.
    http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/Special/Pig/PIGarticles/Zaraisky.html (Previously published in: Mineral Deposits: Research and Exploration Where do They Meet? Proceedings of the Fourth Biennial SGA Meeting , Turku/Finland/11-13 August 1997 , Heikky Papunen (ed.), A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, Brookfield, 1997, pp.695-698).
    http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/Special/Pig/PIG_articles/Zaraisky.html (Previously published in: Mineral Deposits: Research and Exploration Where do They Meet? Proceedings of the Fourth Biennial SGA Meeting , Turku/Finland/11-13 August 1997) and F.G. Reyf et al. , The Canadian Mineralogist, 2000, Volume 38, number 4, Pages 915-936.
    • Far-Eastern Region
      • Primorskiy Kray
    		Rodionov, S.M., Schnaider, A.A., Romanovsky, N.P., and Gurovich, V.G. (2007): Geology of Ore Deposits 49(4), 285-296.
        • Voznesenka ore District
    Saudi Arabia
     
    • Mintaqah Ha'il
    		Economic Geology (1996) 91:1414-1434
    Slovakia
     
    • Košice Region
      • Eastern Slovenské Rudohorie Mts
    		Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590k
        • Smolnik Mining District
          • Bystrý Potok
    		Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590
    Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590
    South Africa
     
    • KwaZulu-Natal Province
    		Minerals of South Africa
    • Limpopo Province
      • Mokopane (Potgietersrus) District
    		Minerals of South Africa
    Minerals of South Africa
    • Mpumalanga Province
      • Marble Hall
    		Minerals of South Africa
    South Korea
     
    • Chungcheongbukdo (Chungchong-pukto)
      • Tanyang-gun
    		Shibata, H.: Lithia mica deposits in Korea with special reference to spodumene and amblygonite. (in: Geology and Mineral Resources of the Far East, University of Tokyo Press, 1969; pp 158-168)
    Shibata, H.: Lithia mica deposits in Korea with special reference to spodumene and amblygonite. (in: Geology and Mineral Resources of the Far East, University of Tokyo Press, 1969; pp 158-168)
    • Chungcheongnam-do (Ch'ungch'ong-namdo; Chungcheongnamdo)
      • Sosan-gun
        • Taesan-myon
    		Harada, J. and Ishikawa, T. (1944) Report of the 58th minor committee for special minerals and ores, Japan Science Promotion Association, no. 5.
    • Gyeonggi-do (Kyonggi-do)
      • Kapyong-gun
        • Nam-myon
          • Homyong-ni
    		Shibata, H.: Lithia mica deposits in Korea with special reference to spodumene and amblygonite. (in: Geology and Mineral Resources of the Far East, University of Tokyo Press, 1969; pp 158-168)
    Spain
     
    • Castile and Leon
      • Zamora
        • Pedralba de la Praderia
          • Calabor
    		J.A.CENDON
    Am Min 90:1887-1899
    Tajikistan
     
    • Viloyati Khatlon
      • Kuljabskij (Kulyabskaya) Raion
    		Werner, A.B.T., Sinclair, W.D., and Amey, E.B. (1998): US Geological Survey Circular 930-O.
    • Viloyati Mukhtori Gorno-Badakhshan (Viloyati Badakhshoni Kuni)
      • Pamir Mts
        • Pamir Silver District
          • Bazardara ore cluster
    		Pavlova, G.G., and Borisenko, A.S. (2009): Ore Geology Reviews 35, 164-185.
    UK
     
    • England
      • Cornwall
        • Mount's Bay District
          • Breage
            • Godolphin Cross
    		No reference listed
        • St Agnes District
          • Perranzabuloe
    		No reference listed
        • St Austell District
          • Luxulyan Area (Luxulian Area)
            • Hensbarrow Downs
    		UK Journal of Mines and Minerals, No. 14 p27
              • Stenalees
    		Williamson, B.J., Stanley, C.J., and Wilkinson, J.J. (1997): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 127, 119-128.
    • Northern Ireland
      • Co. Down
    		[Specimen in the Natural History Museum, London]
    • Scotland
      • Buchan Grampian (Aberdeenshire)
        • Ballater
    		M.Wirth and BMS collections
      • Strathclyde (Ayrshire)
        • New Cumnock
          • Hare Hill
    		No reference listed
    Ukraine
     
    • Zhytomyr Oblast' (Zhitomir Oblast')
    		P.M. Kartashov data
    No reference listed
    USA
     
    • Alaska
      • Dillingham Borough
        • Bristol Bay District
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2008, Alaska Resource Data File (ARDF): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1225.
      • Nome Borough
        • Port Clarence District
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2008, Alaska Resource Data File (ARDF): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1225.
        • Serpentine District
    		Econ Geol (1986) 81:1775-1794
        • Seward Peninsula
          • York Range
    		Econ Geol (1988) 83:46-61
    • Arizona
      • Maricopa Co.
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 430; Jahns, Richard H. (1952), AZ Bur. of Mines Bull. 162.
      • Santa Cruz Co.
        • Patagonia Mts
          • Patagonia District
            • Washington Camp-Duquesne District
              • Line property
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd. ed.: 430; Wilson, E.D. & G.H. Roseveare (1949), Arizona nonmetallics: a summary of past production and present operations (2nd. ed.), AZ Bur. Mines Bull. 155; Galbraith, F.W. & D.J. Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 105.
    • California
      • Riverside Co.
        • Crestmore
    		[micromounts@yahoogroups.com]
      • San Diego Co.
        • Mesa Grande District
    		Weber, F. H. 1963. Geology and mineral resources of San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines and Geology, County Report 3: pages 89-91; illus., maps.
        • Pala District
    		Jahns, R. A., and Wright, L. A. 1951. Gem and Lithium-Bearing Pegmatites of the Pala District, San Diego County, California. California Division of Mines and Geology Special Report 7A, p. 31.
    • Colorado
      • Douglas Co.
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
      • El Paso Co.
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
    "Minerals of Colorado, updated & revised", p. 14, by Eckel, Edwin B., 1997
    MinRec 16:217-230
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B.
    Rocks & Minerals 76:298-325
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • Fremont Co.
        • Texas Creek Area
    		"Minerals of Colorado, updated & revised", p. 15, by Eckel, Edwin B., 1997; AMERICAN MINERALOGIST 50:96-104
      • Gunnison Co.
        • Quartz Creek District
          • Ohio City
            • Brown Derby Mine
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
        • Quartz Creek Pegmatite District
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
      • Jefferson Co.
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
      • Park Co.
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • Teller Co.
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
    • Connecticut
      • Middlesex Co.
        • Portland
          • Collins Hill
    		Weber &Sullivan, 1995. "Connecticut Mineral Locality Index" in Rocks & Minerals Vol 70. No. 6.
    • Idaho
      • Boise Co.
    		R&M 70:4 pp 242-263
    W.C. van Laer, 2008
      • Custer Co.
    		R&M 70:4 pp 242-263
    W.C. van Laer, 2009
      • Elmore Co.
    		R&M 70:4 pp 242-263
    Rocks & Min. 70:246
    • Maine
      • Androscoggin Co.
        • Auburn
          • Mt. Apatite District
    		No reference listed
      • Oxford Co.
        • Newry
    		King, V. and Foord, E., 1994, Mineralogy of Maine, V. 1; King, V. (ed.), 2000, Mineralogy of Maine, V. 2, with updates by Van King
    • Maryland
      • Montgomery Co.
        • Kensington
    		Ref.: Minerals in the Washington D.C. Area.
    • Missouri
      • Madison Co.
        • Fredericktown District
    		R&M 73:2 pp 98-117
    Rocks & Min.: 21:500-501.
    • Montana
      • Ravalli Co.
    		W.C. van Laer, 2008
    • Nevada
      • Mineral Co.
        • Fitting District
          • Gillis Range
    		Mineralogical Record: 31: 204.
    • New Hampshire
      • Carroll Co.
    Rocks & Min. July-Aug 2005
    Rocks & Minerals 80:4 pp242-261
      • Coos Co.
    		Rocks & Min 80:249
    NMS, NH Mineral Display Catalogue 1995
      • Grafton Co.
        • Bethlehem
    		Rocks & Minerals Vol.65 No.4
        • Groton
    		Morrill, 1960. NH Mines and Minerals Localities, 2nd ed.
    • North Carolina
      • Cleveland Co.
        • Kings Mountain District
    		No reference listed
    • Rhode Island
      • Providence Co.
        • Cumberland
    		Gems & Minerals 395 (August, 1970).
    • South Dakota
      • Custer Co.
        • Custer District
          • Custer
    		R&M 75:3 pp 156-169
      • Pennington Co.
        • Keystone District
          • Keystone
    		R&M 75:3 pp 156-169
    • Virginia
      • Amelia Co.
        • Winterham
    		USGS Bulletin 248B (1952)
    • Wisconsin
      • Florence Co.
        • Fern
    		The Mineralogy and Geochemistry of the Animikie Red Ace Pegmatite, Florence County, Wisconsin. Alexander U. Falster, Wm. B. Simmons, and Karen L. Webber, Recent Research Developments in Mineralogy, 1(1996)
      • Marathon Co.
    		Rocks & Min.: 62: 190-193.
        • Wausau pluton
    		R&M 73:11-12 pp 378-399 Wisconsin Mineral Locality Index
    Zimbabwe
     
    • Masvingo District
    		http://geology.csupomona.edu/drjessey/class/GSC433/Pegmatites.htm
    Mineral and/or Locality
    Google
     
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