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Zippeite

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Jackpile Mine (Jackpile-Paguate), Laguna District, Cibola Co., New Mexico, USA
© Paul Schumacher

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Formula:
K
 
3
(UO
 
2
)
 
4
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
O
 
3
(OH) · 3H
 
2
O
System:MonoclinicColour:Golden yellow, light ...
Hardness:2
Member of:Zippeite Group
Name:
Named by William Haidinger in 1845 in honour of František Xaver Maximilian Zippe (1791-1863), Austrian mineralogist.


NOTE: Many of the specimens that are labeled "Zippeite" are actually Natrozippeite (the sodium-dominant member of the group), especially those from sedimentary deposits.

Classification of Zippeite

IMA status:Approved
Strunz 8th edition ID:6/D.20-40
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:7.EC.05

7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
E : Uranyl sulfates
C : With medium-sized and large cations
Dana 8th edition ID:31.10.4.1

31 : HYDRATED SULFATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
10 : Miscellaneous
Hey's CIM Ref.:25.8.11

25 : Sulphates
8 : Sulphates of Sb, V, Cr and U
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Type Occurrence of Zippeite

Type Locality:Elias Mine, Jáchymov (St Joachimsthal), Jáchymov (St Joachimsthal) District, Krušné Hory Mts (Erzgebirge), Karlovy Vary Region, Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen), Czech Republic
Year of Discovery:1845
Associated Minerals at type locality:
UranopiliteUraniniteLimoniteGypsum

Physical Properties of Zippeite

Lustre:Silky, Dull
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Translucent
Comment:Aggregates dull to silky.
Colour:Golden yellow, light yellow, orange-yellow
Streak:White, yellow
Hardness (Mohs):2
Cleavage:Perfect
On {010} probable, perfect.
Density (calculated):4.794 g/cm3

Crystallography of Zippeite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Class (H-M):2 - Sphenoidal
Space Group:B2 {B1 1 2} {C2} {C1 2 1}
Space Group Setting:C2
Cell Parameters:a = 8.7524(4) Å, b = 13.9197(7) Å, c = 17.6972(8) Å
β = 104.178(1)°
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.629 : 1 : 1.271
Unit Cell Volume:V 2,090.39 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:Crystals flattened {010}. Commonly spindle- or lens-shaped; rhomboidal or lath-like at times. Occurs as delicate crusts, reniform or spheroidal aggregates comprised of microscopic crystals; pulverulent to earthy.

Optical Data of Zippeite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.550 - 1.655 nβ = 1.717 nγ = 1.765
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.215

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:High
Dispersion:strong
Pleochroism:Visible
Comments:X = Nearly colourless
Y = Light yellow to orange-yellow
Z = Deep yellow to orange-yellow

Chemical Properties of Zippeite

Formula:
K
 
3
(UO
 
2
)
 
4
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
O
 
3
(OH) · 3H
 
2
O
Essential elements:H, K, O, S, U
All elements listed in formula:H, K, O, S, U

Relationship of Zippeite to other Species

Member of:Zippeite Group
Other Members of Group:

- +
Cobaltzippeite
Co(UO
 
2
)
 
2
(SO
 
4
)O
 
2
 · 3.5H
 
2
O
Magnesiozippeite
Mg(UO
 
2
)
 
2
(SO
 
4
)O
 
2
 · 3.5H
 
2
O
Natrozippeite
Na
 
5
(UO
 
2
)
 
8
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
O
 
5
(OH)
 
3
 · 12H
 
2
O
Nickelzippeite
Ni(UO
 
2
)
 
2
(SO
 
4
)O
 
2
 · 3.5H
 
2
O (?)
Pseudojohannite
Cu
 
6.5
(UO
 
2
)
 
8
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
O
 
8
(OH)
 
5
 · 25H
 
2
O
Sejkoraite-(Y)
Y
 
2
(UO
 
2
)
 
8
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
O
 
6
(OH)
 
2
 · 26H
 
2
O
Zinczippeite
Zn(UO
 
2
)
 
2
(SO
 
4
)O
 
2
 · 3.5H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
7.EC.05Cobaltzippeite
Co(UO
 
2
)
 
2
(SO
 
4
)O
 
2
 · 3.5H
 
2
O
7.EC.05Magnesiozippeite
Mg(UO
 
2
)
 
2
(SO
 
4
)O
 
2
 · 3.5H
 
2
O
7.EC.05Nickelzippeite
Ni(UO
 
2
)
 
2
(SO
 
4
)O
 
2
 · 3.5H
 
2
O (?)
7.EC.05Natrozippeite
Na
 
5
(UO
 
2
)
 
8
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
O
 
5
(OH)
 
3
 · 12H
 
2
O
7.EC.05Zinczippeite
Zn(UO
 
2
)
 
2
(SO
 
4
)O
 
2
 · 3.5H
 
2
O
7.EC.10Rabejacite
Ca(UO
 
2
)
 
4
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
 · 6H
 
2
O
7.EC.15Marécottite
Mg
 
3
(UO
 
2
)
 
8
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
O
 
6
(OH)
 
2
 · 28H
 
2
O
7.EC.15Sejkoraite-(Y)
Y
 
2
(UO
 
2
)
 
8
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
O
 
6
(OH)
 
2
 · 26H
 
2
O
7.EC.20Pseudojohannite
Cu
 
6.5
(UO
 
2
)
 
8
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
O
 
8
(OH)
 
5
 · 25H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
25.8.1Klebelsbergite
(SbO)
 
4
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
2
25.8.2Coquandite
(SbO)
 
6
(SO
 
4
)O
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
25.8.3Peretaite
Ca(SbO)
 
4
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
25.8.4Cannonite
Bi
 
2
(SO
 
4
)O(OH)
 
2
25.8.5Minasragrite
(V
4+
 
O)(SO
 
4
) · 5H
 
2
O
25.8.6Stanleyite
(V
4+
 
O)(SO
 
4
) · 6H
 
2
O
25.8.7Redingtonite
(Fe
2+
 
,Mg,Ni)(Cr,Al)
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
·22H
 
2
O
25.8.8Metauranopilite
(UO
 
2
)
 
6
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
10
 · 5H
 
2
O
25.8.9Uranopilite
(UO
 
2
)
 
6
(SO
 
4
)O
 
2
(OH)
 
6
 · 14H
 
2
O
25.8.10Natrozippeite
Na
 
5
(UO
 
2
)
 
8
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
O
 
5
(OH)
 
3
 · 12H
 
2
O
25.8.12Johannite
Cu(UO
 
2
)
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
2
 · 8H
 
2
O
25.8.13Magnesiozippeite
Mg(UO
 
2
)
 
2
(SO
 
4
)O
 
2
 · 3.5H
 
2
O
25.8.14Zinczippeite
Zn(UO
 
2
)
 
2
(SO
 
4
)O
 
2
 · 3.5H
 
2
O

Other Names for Zippeite

Synonyms:
Dauberite
Other Languages:
German:Basisches schwefelsaures Uranoxyd
Dauberit
Uranblüte
Uranblüthe
Uranoker
Zippeit
Russian:Циппеит
Simplified Chinese:水铀矾
Spanish:Dauberita
Zippeita
Varieties:
Cuprozippeite

Other Information

Fluorescence in UV light:Green (UV).
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Zippeite

Reference List:

- +
John (1821) Chem. Unters.: 5 (as Basisches schwefelsaures Uranoxyd).

Zippe (1824) Verhl. Ges. Mus. Böhm.: 81 (as Uranblüthe).

Haidinger (1845): 510 (as Zippeit).

John (1845) Jb. Min.: 299 (as Basisches schwefelsaures Uranoxyd).

Vogl (1857) Min. Joachimsthal: 124 (as Uranoker).

Adam, M. (1869) Tableau minéralogique, Paris: 64 (as Dauberite).

Larsen, E.S. (1921) The Microscopic Determination of the Nonopaque Minerals, First edition, USGS Bulletin 679: 159.

Hess (1924) USGS Bull. 750D.

Nováček (1935) K. Česká Společnost nauk; Třída Matematicko-Přírodověděcká, Prague, Memoires (Société royale des sciences de Bohême, Prague), Cl. 2, no. 7.

Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951) The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 598-600.

Canadian Mineralogist (1976): 14: 429-436.

Vochten, R., Van Haverbeke, L., Van Springel, K., Blaton, N., and Peeters, O.M. (1995) The structure and physiochemical characteristics of synthetic zippeite. Canadian Mineralogist: 33: 1091-1101.

Journal of the Czech Geological Society, Prague (1997): 42(4): 57-58.

Burns, P.C., Deely, K.M., and Hayden, L.A. (2003) The crystal chemistry of the Zippeite group. Canadian Mineralogist 41(3), 687-706.

Burns, P.C. (2005) U6+ minerals and inorganic compounds: insights into an expanded structural hierarchy of crystal structures. Canadian Mineralogist: 43, 1839-1894.

Internet Links for Zippeite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Zippeite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    • Localities for Zippeite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Argentina
     
    • Mendoza
      • Malargüe Department
        • Pampa Amarilla District
    		Brodtkorb, M.K. de, Mineralogia y consideraciones geneticas del yacimiento Huemul. Provincia de Mendoza. Revista de la Asociacion Geologica Argentina 21 (3): 165-179. 1966
    Austria
     
    • Carinthia
      • Friesach - Hüttenberg area
        • Hüttenberg
    		G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995
      • Millstatt lake ridge
        • Spittal
          • Wolfsberg
    		G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995
    • Salzburg
      • Hohe Tauern
        • Gastein valley
          • Naßfeld valley
            • Kreuzkogel massif
              • Radhausberg
    		A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989
      • Radstädter Tauern
        • Forstau valley
          • Forstau
    		A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989
      • St Johann im Pongau
        • Mitterberg District
    		A. Strasser: Die Minerale Salzburgs, 1989
    • Tyrol
      • North Tyrol
        • Kitzbühel Alps
          • Hochfilzen
            • Eiblgraben
    		R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993)
    Canada
     
    • Northwest Territories
      • Mackenzie District
        • Great Bear Lake
    		Rod Tyson, The Port Radium District, Northwest Territories, Canada Mineralogical Record (1989) vol.20. #3, pp 201-208 .
    • Nova Scotia
      • Cumberland Co.
    		A.K. Chatterjee, "Uranium Mineralization at McLean Point, Cumberland County", Nova Scotia Dept. Mines Report 77-1, 1977.
    • Ontario
      • Parry Sound District
        • Henvey Township
    		Can Min 14:429-436
    China
     
    • Hebei Province
      • Zhangjiakou Prefecture
        • Guyuan Co.
    		Dahlkamp, F.J. (2009): Uranium Deposits of the World. Springer (Berlin, Heidelberg), pp. 31-156
    • Shaanxi Province
      • Xi'an Prefecture
        • Lantian Co.
    		Zhang Jianguo, Chen Shaoqing, Rao Sun and Qi Jing (2004). In: IAEA Technical Document 1419.
    • Shanxi Province
      • Yuncheng Prefecture
        • Yuanqu Co.
          • Zhongtiaoshan ore field
    		Yongrui Zhao and Yunqing Zhen (2006): Journal of Guilin University of Technology 26(3), 310-319
    Yongrui Zhao and Yunqing Zhen (2006): Journal of Guilin University of Technology 26(3), 310-319
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Karlovy Vary Region
        • Krušné Hory Mts (Erzgebirge)
          • Jáchymov (St Joachimsthal) District
    		Bridget E. McCollam (2002) ZIPPEITES: CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND POWDER X-RAY DIFFRACTION STUDIES OF SYNTHETIC AND NATURAL SAMPLES MS Thesis, Notre Dame University
    Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 599; Canadian Mineralogist: (1976): 14: 429; Lapis 2002 (7/8), 62.
              • Rovnost Mine (Werner Mine)
    		Plášil, J., Dušek, M., Novák, M., Čejka, J., Císařová, I., Škoda, R. (2011): Sejkoraite-(Y), a new member of the zippeite group containing trivalent cations from Jáchymov (St. Joachimsthal), Czech Republic: Description and crystal structure refinement. American Mineralogist, 96, 983-991.
    J. Plášil, J. Hauser, V. Petříček, N. Meisser, S. J. Mills, R. Škoda, K. Fejfarová, J. Čejka, J. Sejkora, J. Hloušek, J.-M. Johannet, V. Machovič, and L. Lapčák (2012): Crystal structure and formula revision of deliensite, Fe[(UO2)2(SO4)2(OH)2](H2O)7. Mineralogical Magazine 76, 2837-2860.
        • Mariánské Lázně (Marienbad)
          • Slavkovský Les Mts
    		Kratochvil, J. (1963): Topographic mineralogy of Bohemia VI (S-T). Nakl.Ceskolov.akad.ved., Praha
      • Liberec Region
    		Scharm, B.: Přehled minerálů nalezených v oblasti uranových koncentrací v severočeské křídě. Bulletin mineralogicko-petrografického oddělení Národního muzea v Praze, 1995, roč. 3, s. 169-172.
      • Plzeň Region
        • Nepomuk (Pomuk)
          • Kasejovice
    		Bridget E. McCollam (2002) ZIPPEITES: CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND POWDER X-RAY DIFFRACTION STUDIES OF SYNTHETIC AND NATURAL SAMPLES. MS Thesis, Notre Dame University.
      • Ústí Region
        • Krušné Hory Mts (Erzgebirge)
          • Dubí
    		Sejkora, J.: Minerály ložiska Moldava v Krušných horách. Bulletin Mineralogicko-petrografického oddělení Národního muzea v Praze, 1994, roč. 2, s. 110-116.
    • Moravia (Mähren; Maehren)
      • Vysočina Region
        • Chotěboř
    		Marek Patus
        • Nové Město na Moravě
    		Pauliš P., Kopecký S., Černý P. 2007: Uranové minerály České Republiky a jejich naleziště. 1. část. (Kutna Hora, issue 1)
        • Rožná deposit
    		Petr Pauliš, Stanislav Kopecký, Pavel Černý: Uranové minerály České republiky a jejich lokality 2007
    Democratic Republic of Congo (Zaïre)
     
    • Katanga (Shaba)
      • Katanga Copper Crescent
        • Shinkolobwe
    		[MinRec 20:288]
    Egypt
     
    • Red Sea Governorate
      • Eastern Desert
        • Sikait-Zabara region
    		Yehia H. Dawood (2011) Mineral Chemistry and Genesis of Uranyl Minerals Associated with Psammitic Gneisses, Abu Rusheid Area, South Eastern Desert of Egypt. JKAU: Earth Sci., Vol. 21, No. 1, pp: 137-169
    France
     
    • Auvergne
      • Puy-de-Dôme
        • Puy-Guillaume
          • Philibin
    		P.G. Pélisson (pelisson@inist.fr) : Unpublished data
    • Franche-Comté
      • Haute-Saône
        • Ronchamp
    		Hohl: "Minéraux et Mines du Massif Vosgien", Editions du Rhin (Mulhouse), 1994
    • Languedoc-Roussillon
      • Hérault
        • Lodève
    		Le Règne Minéral, Hors Série IV (1998)
    [Le Cahier des Micromonteurs, 1998, 2, p.13-26]
    Le Règne Minéral, Hors Série IV (1998)
    [Le Règne Minéral 1997, 13, p.5-18]
    Le Règne Minéral, Hors Série IV (1998)
    • Limousin
      • Haute-Vienne
        • Saint-Sylvestre
    		Le Règne Minéral, Hors Série IV, 1998
    Germany
     
    • Baden-Württemberg
      • Black Forest
        • Baden-Baden
    		No reference listed
        • Menzenschwand
    		Walenta: "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich), 1992
        • Schenkenzell
          • Wittichen
            • Böckelsbach valley
    		Markl, G. & Slotta, C. (2011): Die Uranmineralien des Lagerstättenreviers Wittichen im mittleren Schwarzwald. Lapis 36 (3), 25-37; 54 (in German).
    Markl, G. & Slotta, C. (2011): Die Uranmineralien des Lagerstättenreviers Wittichen im mittleren Schwarzwald. Lapis 36 (3), 25-37; 54 (in German).
        • Waldshut
          • Detzeln
    		Hess, E., Graeser, S. & Gabriel, W. (2011): Das Porphyrwerk Detzeln im Steinatal und seine Mineralien. Lapis 36 (4), 25-35; 54.
        • Wolfach
          • Oberwolfach
            • Rankach valley
    		Walenta, K. (1992): Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes. Chr. Weise Verlag, München, 336 pp. (in German)
    • Bavaria
      • Upper Palatinate
        • Schwandorf
          • Wölsendorf Fluorite mining District
            • Wölsendorf East District (Wölsendorf - Nabburg District)
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
    • Hesse
      • Odenwald
        • Abtsteinach
          • Mackenheim
    		Nickel, E., and Fettel, M. (1985): Odenwald. Sammlung geologischer Führer Vol. 65, 2nd ed., Bornträger (Berlin, Stuttgart), 231 pp.
    • Saxony
      • Elbsandstein Mts
        • Königstein
      • Erzgebirge
    		Lapis 17(12), 24-33
        • Johanngeorgenstadt District
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
        • Schneeberg District
          • Neustädtel
            • Weißer Hirsch Mine (Shaft 3)
    		Lapis 30(7/8):41-70 (2005)
        • Schwarzenberg District
          • Pöhla
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    • Thuringia
      • Gera
        • Ronneburg U deposit
    		T. Witzke & F. Rüger: Lapis 1998(7/8), 26-64
    Hungary
     
    • Baranya Co.
      • Mecsek Mts.
    		Szakáll & Jánosi: Minerals of Hungary, 1995
    • Veszprém Co.
      • Balaton Uplands
        • Tapolcai Basin
          • Badacsonyörs
            • Örsi-Hill
    		ACTA MIN. PETR. Suppl. Tomus XXXVIII., 1997
    Italy
     
    • Piedmont
      • Torino Province
        • Susa Valley
          • Exilles
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007). Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
          • Oulx
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007). Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
          • Salbertrand
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007). Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo) 607 pp.
          • Venaus
    		Ravagnani, D. (1974). I giacimenti uraniferi italiani e i loro minerali. Gruppo Mineralogico Lombardo - Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Ed., Milano 188 pp.
    • Trentino-Alto Adige
      • Trento Province
        • Daone
          • Limes
    		Campostrini, I., Demartin, F., Gramaccioli, C.M. (2005): Val Daone. Minerali secondari del giacimento uranifero presso Limes, Daone (TN). Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 4/2005, 228-240.
        • Rendena Valley
    		Daniele Ravagnani - I giacimenti uraniferi italiani - Gruppo Min. Lombardo - Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 1974
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Chubu Region
        • Gifu Prefecture
          • Toki city
            • Tsukiyoshi ore deposits
      • Chugoku Region
        • Tottori Prefecture
    		K. Watanabe (1976) Journal of the Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 11, 53-113 (in japanese with english summary)
    Portugal
     
    • Viseu District
    		Luis Canavarro
    Romania
     
    • Bihor Co.
      • Nucet
    		Szakáll:Minerals of Carpathians,2003
    Slovakia
     
    • Košice Region
      • Spišská Nová Ves Co.
        • Spišská Nová Ves Mining District
          • Novoveská Huta
    		Koděra et all.,1990: Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, I-III, 1590p
    Slovenia
     
    • Todraž
    		Dolenec, T. (1985): Secondary uranium minerals from the Zirovski Vrh uranium ore deposit. Rudarsko-Metalurski Zbornik 32, 195-206 (in Serbo-Croatian); Dolenec, T., Lukacs, E. & Pecnik, M. (1979): Uranopilite, zippeite, and johannite - recently formed secondary uranium minerals of the Zirovski Vrh uranium ore deposit. Rudarsko-Metalurski Zbornik 26, 179-184.
    Sweden
     
    • Närke
      • Askersund
    		No reference listed
    • Västmanland
      • Lindesberg
    		No reference listed
    Switzerland
     
    • Wallis (Valais)
      • Le Trient Valley
        • Les Marécottes
    		Am Min 88:4 pp 676-685
    UK
     
    • England
      • Cornwall
        • Callington District
          • Calstock
            • Gunnislake
              • Clitters United Mines
    		Golley, P., and Williams, R. (1995): Cornish Mineral Reference Manual. Endsleigh Publications (Truro), 104 pp.
        • Camborne - Redruth - St Day District
          • Camborne
            • Tuckingmill
    		Lapis 11(2), 19 (1986)
          • Gwennap
            • St Day United Mines (Poldice Mines)
    		No reference listed
          • Redruth
    		Collins, J.H. (1892): "A Handbook to the Mineralogy of Cornwall and Devon", 2nd ed., D. Bradford Barton Ltd. (Truro, UK), pp. 108.
    Collins, J.H. (1892): "A Handbook to the Mineralogy of Cornwall and Devon", 2nd ed., D. Bradford Barton Ltd. (Truro, UK), pp. 108.
    Collins, J.H. (1892): "A Handbook to the Mineralogy of Cornwall and Devon", 2nd ed., D. Bradford Barton Ltd. (Truro, UK), pp. 108.
        • Mount's Bay District
          • Marazion
    		Collins, J.H. (1892): "A Handbook to the Mineralogy of Cornwall and Devon", 2nd ed., D. Bradford Barton Ltd. (Truro, UK), pp. 108.
        • St Austell District
          • St Stephen-in-Brannel
            • St Stephen
    		Dines, H.G. (1956): The metalliferous mining region of south-west England. HMSO Publications (London), Vol. 2, pp. 541-543; Golley, P. & Williams, R. (1995): Cornish Mineral Reference Manual. Endsleigh Publications (Truro), 104 pp.
        • St Just District
          • St Just
            • Botallack
    		Reid, C., Flett, J.S., Wilkinson, B.S.N., Dixon, E.E.L., Pollard, W., and MacAlister, D.A. (1907): The Geology of the Land's End District. HMSO Publications (London), p. 114.
    Collins, J.H. (1892): "A Handbook to the Mineralogy of Cornwall and Devon", 2nd ed., D. Bradford Barton Ltd. (Truro, UK), 108 pp.; Golley, P. & Williams, R. (1995): Cornish Mineral Reference Manual. Endsleigh Publications (Truro), 104 pp.
      • Devon
        • Tavistock District
          • Whitchurch
    		Braitwaite, R., Paar, W., and Chisholm, J., 1989, Phurcalite from Dartmoor, Southwest England,and its Identity with 'Nisaite' from Portugal, Mineralogical Magazine, 53:583-589.
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Cochise Co.
        • Mule Mts
          • Warren District
            • Bisbee
    		Grant, Raymond W., Bideaux, R.A., and Williams, S.A. (2006) Minerals Added to the Arizona List 1995-2005: 9.
      • Coconino Co.
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 430.
    No reference listed
    Keith (1970), AZ Bur. Mines Bull. 182: 103-159, 202-289; Bollin & Kerr (1958), Guidebook for New Mexico Geol.Soc., 9th. Field Conference F.P. 164-168.
            • Huskon Mines
    		Peirce, H.W., S.B. Keith and J.C.Wilt (1970), Coal, oil, natural gas, helium, and uranium in Arizona, AZ Bur. Mines Bull. 182: 118, 214-234; Hinkley, D.N. (1955), Reconnaissance of the Cameron area, Coconino Co., AZ, US Atomic Energy Comm. USAEC-RME-81.
    Peirce, H.W., S.B. Keith and J.C.Wilt (1970), Coal, oil, natural gas, helium, and uranium in Arizona, AZ Bur. Mines Bull. 182: 118, 214-234; Hinkley, D.N. (1955), Reconnaissance of the Cameron area, Coconino Co., AZ, US Atomic Energy Comm. USAEC-RME-81.
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 430; Holland, H.D., et al (1958), The use of leachable uranium in geochemical prospecting on the Coconino Plateau - II, The distribution of leachable uranium in surface samples in the vicinity of ore bodies, Econ.Geol.: 53: 190-209; Galbraith, F.W. & D.J. Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 66.
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 431; Holland, H.D., et al (1958), The use of leachable uranium in geochemical prospecting on the Coconino Plateau - II, The distribution of leachable uranium in surface samples in the vicinity of ore bodies, Econ.Geol.: 53: 190-209; Galbraith, F.W. & D.J. Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 66.
    Hinkley, D.N. (1955), Reconnaissance of the Cameron area, Coconino Co., AZ, US Atomic Energy Comm. USAEC-RME-81; Peirce, H.W., S.B. Keith and J.C.Wilt (1970), Coal, oil, natural gas, helium, and uranium in Arizona, AZ Bur. Mines Bull. 182: 118, 214-234.
          • Cameron area
    		Peirce, H.W., S.B. Keith and J.C.Wilt (1970), Coal, oil, natural gas, helium, and uranium in Arizona, AZ Bur. Mines Bull. 182; 118, 214-234; Hinkley, D.N. (1955), Reconnaissance of the Cameron area, Coconino Co., AZ, US Atomic Energy Comm. USAEC-RME-81; Bollin & Kerr (1958), Guidebook for New Mexico Geol.Soc., 9th. Field Conference F.P.
    Peirce, H.W., S.B. Keith and J.C.Wilt (1970), Coal, oil, natural gas, helium, and uranium in Arizona, AZ Bur. Mines Bull. 182: 118, 214-234; Bollin & Kerr (1958), Guidebook for New Mexico Geol.Soc., 9th. Field Conference F.P. 164-168.
    Peirce, H.W., S.B. Keith and J.C.Wilt (1970), Coal, oil, natural gas, helium, and uranium in Arizona, AZ Bur. Mines Bull. 182; 118, 214-234; Hinkley, D.N. (1955), Reconnaissance of the Cameron area, Coconino Co., AZ, US Atomic Energy Comm. USAEC-RME-81; Bollin & Kerr (1958), Guidebook for New Mexico Geol.Soc., 9th. Field Conference F.P.
    Peirce, H.W., S.B. Keith and J.C.Wilt (1970), Coal, oil, natural gas, helium, and uranium in Arizona, AZ Bur. Mines Bull. 182: 214-234; Hinkley, D.N. (1955), Reconnaissance of the Cameron area, Coconino Co., AZ, US Atomic Energy Comm. USAEC-RME-81.
    Peirce, H.W., S.B. Keith and J.C.Wilt (1970), Coal, oil, natural gas, helium, and uranium in Arizona, AZ Bur. Mines Bull. 182: 118, 214-234; Hinkley, D.N. (1955), Reconnaissance of the Cameron area, Coconino Co., AZ, US Atomic Energy Comm. USAEC-RME-81.
        • Vermillion Cliffs District
    		Phoenix, D.A. (1963), Geology of the Lees Ferry area, USGS Bull. 1137: 58-60; Peirce, H.W., S.B. Keith and J.C.Wilt (1970), Coal, oil, natural gas, helium, and uranium in Arizona, AZ Bur. Mines Bull. 182: 119 & 217.
    Peirce, H.W., S.B. Keith and J.C.Wilt (1970), Coal, oil, natural gas, helium, and uranium in Arizona, AZ Bur. Mines Bull. 182: 119 & 217.
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 431; Petersen, R.G., et al (1959), An occurrence of rhenium associated with uraninite in Coconino Co., AZ, Econ.Geol.: 54: 254-267; Peirce, H.W., S.B. Keith and J.C.Wilt (1970), Coal, oil, natural gas, helium, and uranium in Arizona, AZ Bur. Mines Bull. 182: 103-159, 202-289.
      • Mohave Co.
        • Hack Canyon District
          • Hack Canyon
    		MRDS file #10027310.; Robert B. Scarborough (1981) Radioactive occurrences and uranium production in Arizona GJBX – 143(81)
      • Navajo Co.
        • Holbrook District
          • Holbrook
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 431; Galbraith, F.W. & D.J. Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 66.
        • Navajo Indian Reservation
          • Monument Valley
            • Mystery Valley
              • Monument No. 1 channel
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 431; Witkind, Irving J. & Thaden (1963), USGS Bull. 1103, Geology & Uranium-Vanadium Deposits of the Monument Valley Area Apache and Navajo Counties, Arizona: 68, 135; Witkind, I.J. (1961), The uranium-vanadium ore deposit at the Monument No. 1-Mitten No. 2 mine, Monument Valley, Navajo Co., AZ, USGS Bull. 1107-C: 219-242.
    Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 431; Witkind, I.J. (1961), The uranium-vanadium ore deposit at the Monument No. 1-Mitten No. 2 mine, Monument Valley, Navajo Co., AZ, USGS Bull. 1107-C: 219-242; Witkind, I.J. & R.E. Thaden (1963), Geology and uranium-vanadium deposits of the Monument Valley area, Apache and Navajo Cos., AZ: 135.
        • Petrified Forest District
    		Moore, E.L. & C.C. Gregg (1955), Reconnaissance of the Chinle formation in the Cameron-St. Johns area, Coconino, Navajo and Apache Counties, Arizona, US Atomic Energy Comm. USAEL RME-5.
      • Yavapai Co.
        • Eureka District
          • Bagdad
            • Bozarth Mesa
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 313; Frondel, C., et al (1976), Mineralogy of the zippeite group, Can.Min.: 14: 429-436.
    • California
      • San Luis Obispo Co.
        • La Panza Mts
          • La Panza District
            • Pozo
    		Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 332, 378, 391.
    • Colorado
      • Clear Creek Co.
        • Idaho Springs District
    		USGS OFR 66-87(Moench,1966); U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 371
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
        • Lawson District (Dumont District)
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
          • Virginia Canyon area
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels; USGS OFR 1966-87; U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 371
      • Eagle Co.
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    Minerals of Colorado (1997)
    Minerals of Colorado (1997)
      • Gilpin Co.
        • Black Hawk District
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
    Korbel & Novak, 1999. Min. Encylopaedia, p.150
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B.
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B.; U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 371
            • Willis Gulch
    		Dana 6: 1089-1090.
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B.
        • Nevada
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
      • Jefferson Co.
        • Ralston Buttes District
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B.
      • Mesa Co.
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • Montrose Co.
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • Saguache Co.
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
        • Marshall Pass District
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckels
      • San Miguel Co.
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    • Idaho
      • Lemhi Co.
        • North Fork - Shoup District
          • Idaho Primitive Area
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    • Nevada
      • Lander Co.
        • Reese River District
    		NBMG Spec Pub 31 Minerals of Nevada; Jensen, M. and J. Herrmann (2012) Uranium mineralization at the Apex Mine, Lander County, Nevada. Rocks and Minerals 87:270-276
    • New Mexico
      • Cibola Co.
    		Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd. rev. ed. (1996)
    Twenty-seventh Annual New Mexico Mineral Symposium
    NMBMMR Memoir 15 Geology and Technology of the Grants Uranium Region; American Mineralogist 47:26-33; Kittel, Kelley Melancon (1966) Uranium Deposits of the Grants Region. New Mexico Geological Society Guidebook pp 173-183; Moench, Robert Hadley; Schlee, John Stevens (1967) Geology and uranium deposits of the Laguna district, New Mexico. USGS Prof. Paper 519
      • McKinley Co.
        • Gallup District
          • Church Rock area
    		NMBMMR Memoir 15 Geology and Technology of the Grants Uranium Region
    Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd Rev. Ed., 1996; Bridget E. McCollam (2002) ZIPPEITES: CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND POWDER X-RAY DIFFRACTION STUDIES OF SYNTHETIC AND NATURAL SAMPLES MS Thesis, Notre Dame University
    NMBMMR Memoir 15 Geology and Technology of the Grants Uranium Region
    NMBMMR Memoir 15 Geology and Technology of the Grants Uranium Region
    NMBMMR Memoir 15 Geology and Technology of the Grants Uranium Region
    Bridget E. McCollam (2002) ZIPPEITES: CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND POWDER X-RAY DIFFRACTION STUDIES OF SYNTHETIC AND NATURAL SAMPLES MS Thesis, Notre Dame University
    NMBMMR Memoir 15 Geology and Technology of the Grants Uranium Region
    NMBMMR Memoir 15 Geology and Technology of the Grants Uranium Region
    NMBMMR Memoir 15 Geology and Technology of the Grants Uranium Region
    NMBMMR Memoir 15 Geology and Technology of the Grants Uranium Region
          • Crownpoint area
    		NMBMMR Memoir 38 Geology and Technology of the Grants Uranium Region 1979
    Leonard S.Wiener and Sigrid Ballew,1995, Updated by Kenny Gay,2006, A Listing Of North Carolina Minerals,Geologic Note No.4
      • Macon Co.
    		Genth,F.A and Kerr,W.C.(1881)Minerals and Mineral Localities of North Carolina,Geologic Survey,N.C
        • Thorn Mountain
    		Genth,F.A (1891) The Minerals Of North Carolina;USGS Bulletion No.74
    • Texas
      • Live Oak Co.
    		R&M 66:3 pp 196-224
    • Utah
      • Emery Co.
        • Green River District (S.W. Green River)
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
        • San Rafael District (San Rafael Swell)
          • Calf Mesa
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
          • Delta
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah; Bridget E. McCollam (2002) ZIPPEITES: CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND POWDER X-RAY DIFFRACTION STUDIES OF SYNTHETIC AND NATURAL SAMPLES MS Thesis, Notre Dame University; Page, L. R.; Stocking, H. E.; Smith, H. B. (1956) Contributions to the geology of uranium and thorium by the United States Geological Survey and Atomic Energy Commission for the United Nations International Conference on Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy, Geneva, Switzerland, 1955. USGS Professional Paper 300 pp263-279
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
          • Green Vein Mesa
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
    UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah; U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah; U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    Am Min 40:201-206
    UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah; Page, L. R.; Stocking, H. E.; Smith, H. B. (1956) Contributions to the geology of uranium and thorium by the United States Geological Survey and Atomic Energy Commission for the United Nations International Conference on Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy, Geneva, Switzerland, 1955. USGS Professional Paper 300 pp285-297
      • Garfield Co.
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
      • Grand Co.
    		Gordon c De'Young collection
        • Seven Mile District
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
        • Thompsons District
          • Yellow Cat District
    		Richard Dale collection
        • Thompsons District (S. E. Thomsons)
          • Parco Mine Group
    		American Mineralogist (1956) Vol. 41, pp. 156-157
      • Piute Co.
        • Antelope Range
          • Henry District (Durkee District)
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
        • Marysvale District (Marysvale Uranium area)
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
    UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
    UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
      • San Juan Co.
        • Dry Valley Area
    		Patrick E. Haynes
        • Elk Ridge
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
        • White Canyon District
          • Red Canyon
    		USGS: Geological Survey Circular 217
    USGS: Geological Survey Circular 217
    UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
          • White Canyon
    		USGS: Geological Survey Circular 217
    USGS: Geological Survey Circular 217
            • Copper Point
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah; U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.; Min Rec 2:210-211; U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.; Bridget E. McCollam (2002) ZIPPEITES: CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND POWDER X-RAY DIFFRACTION STUDIES OF SYNTHETIC AND NATURAL SAMPLES MS Thesis, Notre Dame University; USGS TEI #514; Page, L. R.; Stocking, H. E.; Smith, H. B. (1956) Contributions to the geology of uranium and thorium by the United States Geological Survey and Atomic Energy Commission for the United Nations International Conference on Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy, Geneva, Switzerland, 1955. USGS Professional Paper 300 pp263-279; Page, L. R.; Stocking, H. E.; Smith, H. B. (1956) Contributions to the geology of uranium and thorium by the United States Geological Survey and Atomic Energy Commission for the United Nations International Conference on Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy, Geneva, Switzerland, 1955. USGS Professional Paper 300 pp281-284
            • Deer Flat
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
    USGS: Geological Survey Circular 217
    USGS: Geological Survey Circular 217
    USGS: Geological Survey Circular 217
            • Uracop - Sunrise (Scenic Group; B and I)
    		USGS: Geological Survey Circular 217
    USGS: Geological Survey Circular 217
    USGS: Geological Survey Circular 217
          • Woodenshoe Buttes
            • The Toe
              • Deer Flat
    		Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah. Utah Department fo Natural Resources Bulletin 117. Jan. 1981
      • Wayne Co.
        • Fremont District
          • Fruita
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah; U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
    • Washington
      • Stevens Co.
        • Spokane Indian Reservation
          • Turtle Lake
    		Minerals of Washington, Bart Cannon, 1975
    Mineral and/or Locality
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