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Zoisite

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Shigar Valley, Skardu District, Baltistan, Northern Areas, Pakistan
© Rob Lavinsky

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Formula:
{Ca
 
2
}{Al
 
3
}[O|OH|SiO
 
4
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
System:OrthorhombicColour:Colourless, purple, ...
Lustre:VitreousHardness:6 - 7
Name:Named after Siegmund Zois, Baron von Edelstein (1747-1819), Austrian scholar who financed mineral-collecting expeditions.
Dimorph of:Clinozoisite


Epidote Group. The orthorhombic dimorph of Clinozoisite.
The only orthorhombic member of the Epidote Group.

Classification of Zoisite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:8/C.23-100
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:9.BG.10

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
B : Sorosilicates
G : Sorosilicates with mixed SiO4 and Si2O7 groups; cations in octahedral [6] and greater coordination
Dana 8th edition ID:58.2.1b.1

58 : SOROSILICATES Insular, Mixed, Single, and Larger Tetrahedral Groups
2 : Insular, Mixed, Single, and Larger Tetrahedral Groups with cations in [6] and higher coordination; single and double groups (n = 1, 2)
Hey's CIM Ref.:16.9.8

16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
9 : Aluminosilicates of Ca
mindat.org URL:http://www.mindat.org/min-4430.html
Please feel free to link to this page.

Type Occurrence of Zoisite

Type Locality:Prickler Halt, Ladinger Spitze Mt. - Speikkogel Mt. area, Saualpe Mts, Carinthia, Austria
Year of Discovery:1805

Occurrences of Zoisite

Geological Setting:Medium grade regionally metamorphosed rocks, eclogites, blueschist facies metamorphic rocks.

Physical Properties of Zoisite

Lustre:Vitreous
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent, Translucent
Comment:Pearly on cleavage {010}
Colour:Colourless, purple, greyish-white, grey, yellowish-brown, yellow, pink, green
Streak:White
Hardness (Mohs):6 - 7
Tenacity:Brittle
Cleavage:Perfect
Perfect on {010}
Imperfect on {100}
Fracture:Irregular/Uneven, Conchoidal
Density (measured):3.15 - 3.36 g/cm3
Density (calculated):3.35 g/cm3

Crystallography of Zoisite

Crystal System:Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) - Dipyramidal
Space Group:Pnma (P21/n 21/m 21/a)
Cell Parameters:a = 16.19Å, b = 5.54Å, c = 10.03Å
Ratio:a:b:c = 2.922 : 1 : 1.81
Unit Cell Volume:V 899.62 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:4
Morphology:Prismatic crystals, columnar to compact, massive
Crystal Atlas:
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Zoisite no.4 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Zoisite no.16 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)

About Crystal Atlas

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X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
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Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Horizontal Axis: ° to ° Vertical Axis: % Source Data: Filtered Data: Peaks:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Optical Data of Zoisite

Type:Biaxial (+)
RI values: nα = 1.696 - 1.700 nβ = 1.696 - 1.702 nγ = 1.702 - 1.718
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.006 - 0.018

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:High
Dispersion:relatively strong
Pleochroism:Visible
Comments:X= pale pink to red violet
Y= nearly colorless to bright pink or beep blue
Z= pale yellow to yellow-green

Chemical Properties of Zoisite

Formula:
{Ca
 
2
}{Al
 
3
}[O|OH|SiO
 
4
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
Essential elements:Al, Ca, H, O, Si
All elements listed in formula:Al, Ca, H, O, Si
Common Impurities:Fe,Mn,Mg,Cr,Ti,Ca,Na,V,Sr,H2O

Relationship of Zoisite to other Species

Related to:
  • Epidote Group
    • Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

    - +
    9.BG.05Allanite-(Ce)
    {CaCe}{Al
     
    2
    		Fe
    2+
     
    		}[O|OH|SiO
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		]
    9.BG.05Allanite-(La)
    {CaLa}{Al
     
    2
    		Fe
    2+
     
    		}[O|OH|SiO
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		]
    9.BG.05Allanite-(Y)
    {CaY}{Al
     
    2
    		Fe
    2+
     
    		}[O|OH|SiO
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		]
    9.BG.05Clinozoisite
    {Ca
     
    2
    		}{Al
     
    3
    		}[O|OH|SiO
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		]
    9.BG.05Dissakisite-(Ce)
    {CaCe}{Al
     
    2
    		Mg}[O|OH|SiO
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		]
    9.BG.05Dollaseite-(Ce)
    {CaCe}{MgAlMg}[F|OH|SiO
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		]
    9.BG.05Epidote
    {Ca
     
    2
    		}{Al
     
    2
    		Fe
    3+
     
    		}[O|OH|SiO
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		]
    9.BG.05Epidote-(Pb)
    {CaPb}{Al
     
    3
    		}[O|OH|SiO
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		]
    9.BG.05Khristovite-(Ce)
    {CaCe}{MgAlMn
    2+
     
    		}[F|OH|SiO
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		]
    9.BG.05Mukhinite
    {Ca
     
    2
    		}{Al
     
    2
    		V
    3+
     
    		}[O|OH|SiO
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		]
    9.BG.05Piemontite
    {Ca
     
    2
    		}{Al
     
    2
    		Mn
    3+
     
    		}[O|OH|SiO
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		]
    9.BG.05Piemontite-(Sr)
    {CaSr}{Al
     
    2
    		Mn
    3+
     
    		}[O|OH|SiO
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		]
    9.BG.05Manganiandrosite-(La)
    {LaMn
    2+
     
    		}{Mn
    3+
     
    		AlMn
    2+
     
    		}[O|OH|SiO
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		]
    9.BG.05Tawmawite
    Ca
     
    2
    		(Al,Fe
    3+
     
    		,Cr)
     
    3
    		[O|OH|SiO
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		]
    9.BG.05Manganipiemontite-(Sr)
    {CaSr}{Mn
    3+
     
    		AlMn
    3+
     
    		}[O|OH|SiO
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		]
    9.BG.05Ferriallanite-(Ce)
    {CaCe}{Fe
    3+
     
    		AlFe
    2+
     
    		}[O|OH|SiO
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		]
    9.BG.05Clinozoisite-(Sr)
    CaSrAl
     
    3
    		(Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		)(SiO
     
    4
    		)O(OH)
    9.BG.05Ferriepidote
    9.BG.05Manganiandrosite-(Ce)
    (Mn
    2+
     
    		,Ca)(Ce,REE)AlMn
    3+
     
    		Mn
    2+
     
    		(Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		)(SiO
     
    4
    		)O(OH)
    9.BG.05Dissakisite-(La)
    {CaLa}{Al
     
    2
    		Mg}[O|OH|SiO
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		]
    9.BG.05Vanadoandrosite-(Ce)
    {Mn
    2+
     
    		Ce}{V
    3+
     
    		AlMn
    2+
     
    		}[O|OH|SiO
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		]
    9.BG.05Androsite-(La)
    9.BG.05Uedaite-(Ce)
    {Mn
    2+
     
    		Ce}{Al
     
    2
    		Fe
    2+
     
    		}[O|OH|SiO
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		]
    9.BG.05IMA2006-055
    CaSrAl
     
    2
    		Fe
    3+
     
    		(Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		)(SiO
     
    4
    		)O(OH)
    9.BG.15Macfallite
    Ca
     
    2
    		(Mn
    3+
     
    		,Al)
     
    3
    		[(OH)
     
    3
    		|SiO
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		]
    9.BG.15Sursassite
    Mn
     
    2
    		Al
     
    3
    		[(OH)
     
    3
    		|SiO
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		]
    9.BG.20Julgoldite-(Fe2+)
    Ca
     
    2
    		(Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mg)(Fe
    3+
     
    		,Al)
     
    2
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|SiO
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		] · H
     
    2
    		O
    9.BG.20Okhotskite
    Ca
     
    8
    		(Mn,Mg)
     
    4
    		(Mn,Al,Fe)
     
    8
    		Si
     
    12
    		O
     
    56-n
    		(OH)
     
    n
    9.BG.20Pumpellyite-(Fe2+)
    Ca
     
    2
    		Fe
    2+
     
    		Al
     
    2
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|SiO
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		] · H
     
    2
    		O
    9.BG.20Pumpellyite-(Fe3+)
    Ca
     
    2
    		(Fe
    3+
     
    		,Mg,Fe
    2+
     
    		)(Al,Fe
    3+
     
    		)
     
    2
    		[(OH,O)
     
    2
    		|SiO
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		] · H
     
    2
    		O
    9.BG.20Pumpellyite-(Mg)
    Ca
     
    2
    		MgAl
     
    2
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|SiO
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		] · H
     
    2
    		O
    9.BG.20Pumpellyite-(Mn2+)
    Ca
     
    2
    		(Mn
    2+
     
    		,Mg)(Al,Mn
    3+
     
    		,Fe
    3+
     
    		)
     
    2
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|SiO
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		] · H
     
    2
    		O
    9.BG.20Shuiskite
    Ca
     
    2
    		(Mg,Al)(Cr,Al)
     
    2
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|SiO
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		] · 2H
     
    2
    		O
    9.BG.20Julgoldite-(Fe3+)
    Ca
     
    2
    		(Fe
    3+
     
    		,Mg)(Fe
    3+
     
    		,Al)
     
    2
    		[(OH,O)
     
    2
    		|SiO
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		] · H
     
    2
    		O
    9.BG.20Pumpellyite-(Al)
    Ca
     
    2
    		(Al,Fe
    2+
     
    		,Mg)Al
     
    2
    		[(OH,O)
     
    2
    		|SiO
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		] · H
     
    2
    		O
    9.BG.20Poppiite
    Ca
     
    2
    		(V
    3+
     
    		,Fe
    3+
     
    		,Mg)(V
    3+
     
    		,Al)
     
    2
    		[(OH,O)
     
    2
    		|SiO
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		] · H
     
    2
    		O
    9.BG.20Julgoldite-(Mg)
    Ca
     
    2
    		(Mg,Fe
    2+
     
    		)(Fe
    3+
     
    		,Al)
     
    2
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|SiO
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		] · H
     
    2
    		O
    9.BG.25Ganomalite
    Pb
     
    9
    		Ca
     
    5
    		Mn[O|SiO
     
    4
    		|(Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		)
     
    4
    		]
    9.BG.30Rustumite
    Ca
     
    10
    		(Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		)
     
    2
    		(SiO
     
    4
    		)Cl
     
    2
    		(OH)
     
    2
    9.BG.35Vesuvianite
    Ca
     
    10
    		(Mg,Fe)
     
    2
    		Al
     
    4
    		Si
     
    9
    		O
     
    34
    		(OH)
     
    4
    9.BG.35Wiluite
    Ca
     
    19
    		(Al,Mg,Fe,Ti)
     
    13
    		(B,Al,[ ])
     
    5
    		Si
     
    18
    		O
     
    68
    		(O,OH)
     
    10
    9.BG.35Manganvesuvianite
    Ca
     
    19
    		Mn(Al,Mn,Fe)
     
    19
    		(Mg,Mn)
     
    2
    		Si
     
    18
    		O
     
    69
    		(OH)
     
    9
    9.BG.35Fluorvesuvianite
    Ca
     
    19
    		(Al,Mg,Fe
    2+
     
    		)
     
    13
    		[(F,OH,O)
     
    10
    		|(SiO
     
    4
    		)
     
    10
    		|(Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		)
     
    4
    		]
    9.BG.40Vyuntspakhkite-(Y)
    Y
     
    4
    		Al
     
    3
    		Si
     
    5
    		O
     
    18
    		(OH)
     
    5
    9.BG.45Dellaite
    Ca
     
    6
    		Si
     
    3
    		O
     
    11
    		(OH)
     
    2
    9.BG.50Gatelite-(Ce)
    CaCe
     
    3
    		Al
     
    2
    		(Al,Mg)(Mg,Fe
    2+
     
    		,Al)[(O,F)|(OH,O)
     
    2
    		|(SiO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		]
    9.BG.55Västmanlandite-(Ce)
    Ca(Ce,La)
     
    3
    		Al
     
    2
    		Mg
     
    2
    		 [F|(OH)
     
    2
    		|(SiO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		]
    Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

    - +
    16.9.1Gehlenite
    Ca
     
    2
    		Al[AlSiO
     
    7
    		]
    16.9.2Anorthite
    Ca[Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    8
    		]
    16.9.3Yoshiokaite
    (Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)O
     
    4
    		]
    16.9.4Svyatoslavite
    Ca[Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    8
    		]
    16.9.5Dmisteinbergite
    Ca[Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    8
    		]
    16.9.6Grossular
    Ca
     
    3
    		Al
     
    2
    		[SiO
     
    4
    		]
     
    3
    16.9.7Vuagnatite
    CaAl[OH|SiO
     
    4
    		]
    16.9.9Clinozoisite
    {Ca
     
    2
    		}{Al
     
    3
    		}[O|OH|SiO
     
    4
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		]
    16.9.10Prehnite
    Ca
     
    2
    		Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    3
    		O
     
    12
    		(OH)
    16.9.11Kamaishilite
    Ca
     
    2
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|Al
     
    2
    		SiO
     
    6
    		]
    16.9.12Bicchulite
    Ca
     
    2
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|Al
     
    2
    		SiO
     
    6
    		]
    16.9.13Margarite
    CaAl
     
    2
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    10
    		]
    16.9.14Chantalite
    CaAl
     
    2
    		[(OH)
     
    4
    		|SiO
     
    4
    		]
    16.9.15Cebollite
    Ca
     
    5
    		Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    3
    		O
     
    12
    		(OH)
     
    4
    		 or near
    16.9.17Katoite
    Ca
     
    3
    		Al
     
    2
    		[(OH)
     
    8-6
    		|(SiO
     
    4
    		)
     
    1-1.5
    		]
    16.9.18Lawsonite
    CaAl
     
    2
    		[(OH)
     
    2
    		|Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    7
    		] · H
     
    2
    		O
    16.9.19Parthéite
    CaAl
     
    2
    		Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    8
    		·2H
     
    2
    		O
    16.9.20Wairakite
    Ca[Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    12
    		] · 2H
     
    2
    		O
    16.9.21Vertumnite
    Ca
     
    4
    		Al
     
    4
    		Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    6
    		(OH)
     
    24
    		·3H
     
    2
    		O
    16.9.22Scolecite
    Ca[Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		] · 3H
     
    2
    		O
    16.9.23Laumontite
    CaAl
     
    2
    		Si
     
    4
    		O
     
    12
    		·4H
     
    2
    		O
    16.9.24Yugawaralite
    CaAl
     
    2
    		Si
     
    6
    		O
     
    16
    		·4H
     
    2
    		O
    16.9.25Gismondine-Ca
    CaAl
     
    2
    		Si
     
    2
    		O
     
    8
    		·4H
     
    2
    		O
    16.9.26Epistilbite
    CaAl
     
    2
    		Si
     
    6
    		O
     
    16
    		·5H
     
    2
    		O
    16.9.27Goosecreekite
    Ca[Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    6
    		O
     
    16
    		] · 5H
     
    2
    		O
    16.9.28Cowlesite
    CaAl
     
    2
    		Si
     
    3
    		O
     
    10
    		·6H
     
    2
    		O
    16.9.30Stellerite
    Ca[Al
     
    2
    		Si
     
    7
    		O
     
    18
    		] · 7H
     
    2
    		O
    16.9.31Strätlingite
    Ca
     
    2
    		Al
     
    2
    		SiO
     
    7
    		·8H
     
    2
    		O
    16.9.32Amstallite
    CaAl(Si,Al)
     
    4
    		O
     
    8
    		(OH)
     
    4
    		·(H
     
    2
    		O,Cl)

    Other Names for Zoisite

    Synonyms:
    IlluderiteOrthozoisiteUnionite
    Other Languages:
    Croatian:Zoisit
    Dutch:Zoisiet
    Finnish:Zoisiitti
    French:Zoïsite
    German:Zoisit
    Illuderit
    Orthozoisit
    Saualpit
    Unionit
    Hebrew:זואיסיט
    Hungarian:Zoizit
    Italian:Zoisite
    Japanese:灰簾石
    Lithuanian:Zoisitas
    Polish:Zoisyt
    Portuguese:Zoisite
    Romanian:Zoisit
    Russian:Цоизит
    Simplified Chinese:黝簾石
    Spanish:Zoisita
    Illuderita
    Orthozoisita
    Saualpita
    Unionita
    Swedish:Zoisit
    Varieties:
    Chrome-ZoisitePseudozoisiteTanzaniteThulite

    Other Information

    Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

    References for Zoisite

    Reference List:Jameson R. (1804), A system of mineralogy, Edinburgh. 2, 597.

    American Mineralogist (1968): 53: 1882-1898.

    Mineralogical Magazine (1985): 49: 97.

    Schmidt, M.W. and Poli, S. (1994), The stability of lawsonite and zoisite at high pressures: experiments in CASH to 92 kbar and implications for the presence of hydrous phases in subducted lithosphere. Earth and Planetary Science Letters: 124: 105-118.

    Holland, T.J.B., Redfern, S.A.T., and Pawley, A.R. (1996), Volume behavior of hydrous minerals at high pressure and temperature: II. Compressibilities of lawsonite, zoisite, clinozoisite and epidote. American Mineralogist: 81: 341-348.

    Pawley, A.R., Redfern, S.A.T., and Holland, T.J.B. (1996), Volume behavior of hydrous minerals at high pressures and temperatures: 1. Thermal expansion of lawsonite, zoisite, clinozoisite, and diaspore. American Mineralogist: 81: 335-340.

    Grevel, K.-D., Nowlan, E.U., Fasshauer, D.W., and Burchard, M. (2000), In situ X-ray diffraction investigation of lawsonite and zoisite at high pressures and temperatures American Mineralogist: 85: 206-216.

    Articles/Blogs about Zoisite

    Internet Links for Zoisite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
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  • Zoisite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    Localities for Zoisite

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