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Zoisite

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Big Photo

Tanzanite
Merelani Hills (Mererani), Lelatema Mts, Arusha Region, Tanzania
© Rob Lavinsky

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Formula:
{Ca
 
2
}{Al
 
3
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
System:OrthorhombicColour:Colourless, purple, ...
Lustre:VitreousHardness:6 - 7
Member of:Epidote Group
Name:
Named after Sigmund Zois, Baron von Edelstein (1747-1819), Austrian scholar who financed mineral-collecting expeditions.
Dimorph of:Clinozoisite


Epidote Group.
The orthorhombic dimorph of Clinozoisite.
The only orthorhombic member of the Epidote Group.

Visit gemdat.org for gemological information about Zoisite. Currently in public beta-test.

Classification of Zoisite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:8/C.23-100
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:9.BG.10

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
B : Sorosilicates
G : Sorosilicates with mixed SiO4 and Si2O7 groups; cations in octahedral [6] and greater coordination
Dana 8th edition ID:58.2.1b.1

58 : SOROSILICATES Insular, Mixed, Single, and Larger Tetrahedral Groups
2 : Insular, Mixed, Single, and Larger Tetrahedral Groups with cations in [6] and higher coordination; single and double groups (n = 1, 2)
Hey's CIM Ref.:16.9.8

16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
9 : Aluminosilicates of Ca
mindat.org URL:http://www.mindat.org/min-4430.html
Please feel free to link to this page.

Type Occurrence of Zoisite

Type Locality:Prickler Halt, Ladinger Spitze - Speikkogel area, Saualpe, Carinthia, Austria
Year of Discovery:1805

Occurrences of Zoisite

Geological Setting:Medium grade regionally metamorphosed rocks, eclogites, blueschist facies metamorphic rocks.

Physical Properties of Zoisite

Lustre:Vitreous
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent, Translucent
Comment:Pearly on cleavage {010}
Colour:Colourless, purple, greyish-white, grey, yellowish-brown, yellow, pink, green
Streak:White
Hardness (Mohs):6 - 7
Tenacity:Brittle
Cleavage:Perfect
Perfect on {010}
Imperfect on {100}
Fracture:Irregular/Uneven, Conchoidal
Density (measured):3.15 - 3.36 g/cm3
Density (calculated):3.35 g/cm3

Crystallography of Zoisite

Crystal System:Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) - Dipyramidal
Space Group:Pnma {P21/n 21/m 21/a}
Cell Parameters:a = 16.19Å, b = 5.54Å, c = 10.03Å
Ratio:a:b:c = 2.922 : 1 : 1.81
Unit Cell Volume:V 899.62 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:4
Morphology:Prismatic crystals, columnar to compact, massive
Crystal Atlas:
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Zoisite no.4 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Zoisite no.16 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)

About Crystal Atlas

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Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Horizontal Axis: ° to ° Vertical Axis: % Source Data: Filtered Data:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Optical Data of Zoisite

Type:Biaxial (+)
RI values: nα = 1.696 - 1.700 nβ = 1.696 - 1.702 nγ = 1.702 - 1.718
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.006 - 0.018

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:High
Dispersion:relatively strong
Pleochroism:Visible
Comments:X= pale pink to red violet
Y= nearly colourless to bright pink or deep blue
Z= pale yellow to yellow-green

Chemical Properties of Zoisite

Formula:
{Ca
 
2
}{Al
 
3
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
Essential elements:Al, Ca, H, O, Si
All elements listed in formula:Al, Ca, H, O, Si
Common Impurities:Fe,Mn,Mg,Cr,Ti,Ca,Na,V,Sr,H2O

Relationship of Zoisite to other Species

Member of:Epidote Group
Other Members of Group:

- +
Allanite-(Ce)
{CaCe}{Al
 
2
Fe
2+
 
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
Allanite-(La)
{CaLa}{Al
 
2
Fe
2+
 
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
Allanite-(Nd)
{CaNd}{Al
 
2
Fe
2+
 
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
Allanite-(Y)
{CaY}{Al
 
2
Fe
2+
 
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
Åskagenite-(Nd)
{Mn
2+
 
Nd}{Al
 
2
Fe
3+
 
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O
 
2
Clinozoisite
{Ca
 
2
}{Al
 
3
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
Clinozoisite-(Sr)
{CaSr}{Al
 
3
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
Dissakisite-(Ce)
{CaCe}{Al
 
2
Mg}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
Dissakisite-(La)
{CaLa}{Al
 
2
Mg}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
Dollaseite-(Ce)
{CaCe}{MgAlMg}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)(OH)F
Epidote
{Ca
 
2
}{Al
 
2
Fe
3+
 
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
Epidote-(Pb)
{CaPb}{Al
 
2
Fe
3+
 
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
Epidote-(Sr)
{CaSr}{Al
 
2
Fe
3+
 
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
Ferriallanite-(Ce)
{CaCe}{Fe
3+
 
AlFe
2+
 
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
Ferriallanite-(La)
{CaLa}{Fe
3+
 
AlFe
2+
 
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
Khristovite-(Ce)
{CaCe}{MgAlMn
2+
 
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)(OH)F
Manganiandrosite-(Ce)
{(Mn
2+
 
,Ca)(Ce,REE)}{Mn
3+
 
AlMn
2+
 
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
Manganiandrosite-(La)
{Mn
2+
 
La}{Mn
3+
 
AlMn
2+
 
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
Manganipiemontite-(Sr)
{CaSr}{Mn
3+
 
AlMn
3+
 
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
Mukhinite
{Ca
 
2
}{Al
 
2
V
3+
 
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
Piemontite
{Ca
 
2
}{Al
 
2
Mn
3+
 
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
Piemontite-(Pb)
CaPbAl
 
2
Mn
3+
 
[Si
 
2
O
 
7
][SiO
 
4
]O(OH)
Piemontite-(Sr)
{CaSr}{Al
 
2
Mn
3+
 
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
Uedaite-(Ce)
{Mn
2+
 
Ce}{Al
 
2
Fe
2+
 
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
Unnamed (Ca-analogue of Manganiandrosite-(La))
{(Ca,(La,REE),Mn
2+
 
)
 
2
}{(Mn
3+
 
,Fe
3+
 
,Al)Al(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)((Si,Al,As)O
 
4
)O(OH)
Unnamed (Mg-analogue of Ferriallanite-(Ce))
{CaCe}{(Fe
3+
 
,Al)Al(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
Unnamed (Mn-analogue of Ferriallanite-(Ce))
{CaCe}{Fe
3+
 
AlMn
2+
 
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
Vanadoandrosite-(Ce)
{Mn
2+
 
Ce}{V
3+
 
AlMn
2+
 
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
9.BG.05bAllanite-(Ce)
{CaCe}{Al
 
2
Fe
2+
 
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
9.BG.05bAllanite-(La)
{CaLa}{Al
 
2
Fe
2+
 
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
9.BG.05bAllanite-(Y)
{CaY}{Al
 
2
Fe
2+
 
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
9.BG.05aClinozoisite
{Ca
 
2
}{Al
 
3
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
9.BG.05bDissakisite-(Ce)
{CaCe}{Al
 
2
Mg}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
9.BG.05Dollaseite-(Ce)
{CaCe}{MgAlMg}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)(OH)F
9.BG.05aEpidote
{Ca
 
2
}{Al
 
2
Fe
3+
 
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
9.BG.05Epidote-(Pb)
{CaPb}{Al
 
2
Fe
3+
 
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
9.BG.05Khristovite-(Ce)
{CaCe}{MgAlMn
2+
 
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)(OH)F
9.BG.05Mukhinite
{Ca
 
2
}{Al
 
2
V
3+
 
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
9.BG.05Piemontite
{Ca
 
2
}{Al
 
2
Mn
3+
 
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
9.BG.05Piemontite-(Sr)
{CaSr}{Al
 
2
Mn
3+
 
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
9.BG.05bManganiandrosite-(La)
{Mn
2+
 
La}{Mn
3+
 
AlMn
2+
 
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
9.BG.05Tawmawite
{Ca
 
2
}{(Al,Fe
3+
 
,Cr)
 
3
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
9.BG.05Manganipiemontite-(Sr)
{CaSr}{Mn
3+
 
AlMn
3+
 
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
9.BG.05bFerriallanite-(Ce)
{CaCe}{Fe
3+
 
AlFe
2+
 
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
9.BG.05Clinozoisite-(Sr)
{CaSr}{Al
 
3
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
9.BG.05Manganiandrosite-(Ce)
{(Mn
2+
 
,Ca)(Ce,REE)}{Mn
3+
 
AlMn
2+
 
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
9.BG.05Dissakisite-(La)
{CaLa}{Al
 
2
Mg}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
9.BG.05Vanadoandrosite-(Ce)
{Mn
2+
 
Ce}{V
3+
 
AlMn
2+
 
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
9.BG.05Uedaite-(Ce)
{Mn
2+
 
Ce}{Al
 
2
Fe
2+
 
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
9.BG.05Epidote-(Sr)
{CaSr}{Al
 
2
Fe
3+
 
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
9.BG.05bAllanite-(Nd)
{CaNd}{Al
 
2
Fe
2+
 
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
9.BG.05bFerriallanite-(La)
{CaLa}{Fe
3+
 
AlFe
2+
 
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
9.BG.05bÅskagenite-(Nd)
{Mn
2+
 
Nd}{Al
 
2
Fe
3+
 
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O
 
2
9.BG.15Macfallite
Ca
 
2
(Mn
3+
 
,Al)
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)(OH)
 
3
9.BG.15Sursassite
Mn
2+
2
Al
 
3
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)(OH)
 
3
9.BG.20Julgoldite-(Fe2+)
Ca
 
2
(Fe
2+
 
,Mg)(Fe
3+
 
,Al)
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)(OH)
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
9.BG.20Okhotskite
Ca
 
2
(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)(Mn
3+
 
,Al,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)(OH)
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
9.BG.20Pumpellyite-(Fe2+)
Ca
 
2
Fe
2+
 
Al
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)(OH)
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
9.BG.20Pumpellyite-(Fe3+)
Ca
 
2
(Fe
3+
 
,Mg,Fe
2+
 
)(Al,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)(OH,O)
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
9.BG.20Pumpellyite-(Mg)
Ca
 
2
MgAl
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)(OH)
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
9.BG.20Pumpellyite-(Mn2+)
Ca
 
2
(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)(Al,Mn
3+
 
,Fe
3+
 
)
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)(OH)
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
9.BG.20Shuiskite
Ca
 
2
(Mg,Al)(Cr,Al)
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)(OH)
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
9.BG.20Julgoldite-(Fe3+)
Ca
 
2
(Fe
3+
 
,Mg)(Fe
3+
 
,Al)
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)(OH,O)
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
9.BG.20Pumpellyite-(Al)
Ca
 
2
(Al,Fe
2+
 
,Mg)Al
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)(OH,O)
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
9.BG.20Poppiite
Ca
 
2
(V
3+
 
,Fe
3+
 
,Mg)(V
3+
 
,Al)
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)(OH,O)
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
9.BG.20Julgoldite-(Mg)
Ca
 
2
(Mg,Fe
2+
 
)(Fe
3+
 
,Al)
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)(OH)
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
9.BG.25Ganomalite
Pb
 
9
Ca
 
5
Mn(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
4
(SiO
 
4
)O
9.BG.30Rustumite
Ca
 
10
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)(OH)
 
2
Cl
 
2
9.BG.35Vesuvianite
(Ca,Na,☐)
 
19
(Al,Mg,Fe
3+
 
)
 
13
(☐,B,Al,Fe
3+
 
)
 
5
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
4
(SiO
 
4
)
 
10
(OH,F,O)
 
10
9.BG.35Wiluite
Ca
 
19
(Al,Mg)
 
13
(B,☐,Al)
 
5
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
4
(SiO
 
4
)
 
10
(O,OH)
 
10
9.BG.35Manganvesuvianite
Ca
 
19
Mn
3+
 
(Al,Mn
3+
 
,Fe
3+
 
)
 
10
(Mg,Mn
2+
 
)
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
4
(SiO
 
4
)
 
10
O(OH)
 
9
9.BG.35Fluorvesuvianite
Ca
 
19
(Al,Mg,Fe
2+
 
)
 
13
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)
 
4
(SiO
 
4
)
 
10
O(F,OH)
 
9
9.BG.40Vyuntspakhkite-(Y)
(Y,Yb)
 
4
Al
 
2.5-1.5
(Si,Al)
 
1.5-2.5
(SiO
 
4
)
 
4
O(OH)
 
7
9.BG.45Dellaite
Ca
 
6
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)(OH)
 
2
9.BG.50Gatelite-(Ce)
CaCe
 
3
Al
 
2
(Al,Mg)(Mg,Fe
2+
 
,Al)(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
(O,F)(OH,O)
 
2
9.BG.55Västmanlandite-(Ce)
Ca(Ce,La)
 
3
Al
 
2
Mg
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
2
F
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
16.9.1Gehlenite
Ca
 
2
Al(AlSiO
 
7
)
16.9.2Anorthite
CaAl
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
8
16.9.3Yoshiokaite
(Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)O
 
4
]
16.9.4Svyatoslavite
CaAl
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
8
16.9.5Dmisteinbergite
CaAl
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
8
16.9.6Grossular
Ca
 
3
Al
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
16.9.7Vuagnatite
CaAl(SiO
 
4
)(OH)
16.9.9Clinozoisite
{Ca
 
2
}{Al
 
3
}(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(SiO
 
4
)O(OH)
16.9.10Prehnite
Ca
 
2
Al
 
2
Si
 
3
O
 
10
(OH)
 
2
16.9.11Kamaishilite
Ca
 
2
(Al
 
2
SiO
 
6
)(OH)
 
2
16.9.12Bicchulite
Ca
 
2
(Al
 
2
SiO
 
6
)(OH)
 
2
16.9.13Margarite
CaAl
 
2
(Al
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
10
)(OH)
 
2
16.9.14Chantalite
CaAl
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)(OH)
 
4
16.9.15Cebollite
Ca
 
5
Al
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
4
16.9.17Katoite
Ca
 
3
Al
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3-x
(OH)
 
4x
16.9.18Lawsonite
CaAl
 
2
(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(OH)
 
2
 · H
 
2
O
16.9.19Parthéite
CaAl
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
8
 · 2H
 
2
O
16.9.20Wairakite
Ca(Al
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
) · 2H
 
2
O
16.9.21Vertumnite
Ca
 
4
Al
 
4
Si
 
4
O
 
6
(OH)
 
24
 · 3H
 
2
O
16.9.22Scolecite
CaAl
 
2
Si
 
3
O
 
10
 · 3H
 
2
O
16.9.23Laumontite
CaAl
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
 · 4H
 
2
O
16.9.24Yugawaralite
CaAl
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
16
 · 4H
 
2
O
16.9.25Gismondine-Ca
CaAl
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
8
 · 4H
 
2
O
16.9.26Epistilbite
CaAl
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
16
 · 5H
 
2
O
16.9.27Goosecreekite
Ca[Al
 
2
Si
 
6
O
 
16
] · 5H
 
2
O
16.9.28Cowlesite
CaAl
 
2
Si
 
3
O
 
10
 · 6H
 
2
O
16.9.30Stellerite
Ca[Al
 
2
Si
 
7
O
 
18
] · 7H
 
2
O
16.9.31Strätlingite
Ca
 
2
Al
 
2
SiO
 
7
 · 8H
 
2
O
16.9.32Amstallite
CaAl(Si,Al)
 
4
O
 
8
(OH)
 
4
 · (H
 
2
O,Cl)

Other Names for Zoisite

Synonyms:
IlluderiteOrthozoisiteUnionite
Other Languages:
Croatian:Zoisit
Dutch:Zoisiet
Finnish:Zoisiitti
French:Zoïsite
German:Zoisit
Illuderit
Orthozoisit
Saualpit
Sau-Alpit
Unionit
Hebrew:זואיסיט
Hungarian:Zoizit
Italian:Zoisite
Japanese:灰簾石
Lithuanian:Zoisitas
Polish:Zoisyt
Portuguese:Zoisite
Romanian:Zoisit
Russian:Цоизит
Simplified Chinese:黝帘石
Spanish:Zoisita
Illuderita
Orthozoisita
Saualpita
Unionita
Swedish:Zoisit
Traditional Chinese:黝簾石
Varieties:
Chrome-ZoisitePseudozoisiteTanzaniteThulite

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Zoisite

Reference List:

- +
Jameson R. (1804) A system of mineralogy, Edinburgh. 2, 597.

Klaproth, M.H. (1807) Untersuchung des Zoisits von der Saualpe, Beiträge zur chemischen Kenntniss der Mineralkörper, Vierter Band, Rottmann Berlin, 179-185

American Mineralogist (1968): 53: 1882-1898.

Mineralogical Magazine (1985): 49: 97.

Schmidt, M.W. and Poli, S. (1994) The stability of lawsonite and zoisite at high pressures: experiments in CASH to 92 kbar and implications for the presence of hydrous phases in subducted lithosphere. Earth and Planetary Science Letters: 124: 105-118.

Holland, T.J.B., Redfern, S.A.T., and Pawley, A.R. (1996) Volume behavior of hydrous minerals at high pressure and temperature: II. Compressibilities of lawsonite, zoisite, clinozoisite and epidote. American Mineralogist: 81: 341-348.

Pawley, A.R., Redfern, S.A.T., and Holland, T.J.B. (1996) Volume behavior of hydrous minerals at high pressures and temperatures: 1. Thermal expansion of lawsonite, zoisite, clinozoisite, and diaspore. American Mineralogist: 81: 335-340.

Grevel, K.-D., Nowlan, E.U., Fasshauer, D.W., and Burchard, M. (2000) In situ X-ray diffraction investigation of lawsonite and zoisite at high pressures and temperatures American Mineralogist: 85: 206-216.

Internet Links for Zoisite

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    New Locality Added: Bottom station of funicular, Hirschwang an der Rax, Reichenau an der Rax, Industrieviertel, Lower Austria, AustriaFrom Peter Neschen, 23rd May 2013 06:24:35