Billingsleyite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Billingsleyite
Formula:
Ag7AsS6
Colour:
Dark lead-grey
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
2½
Specific Gravity:
5.92
Crystal System:
Isometric
Name:
Named in honor of Paul Billingsley (1887, New York City, New York, USA - 18 May 1962), geologist with the Anaconda company, who discovered the North Lily mine and collected the first specimens in 1930.
This page provides mineralogical data about Billingsleyite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
675
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:675:4
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
b300c437-87ed-418c-9261-145f11bf28ee
IMA Classification of Billingsleyite
Approved
First published:
1968
Classification of Billingsleyite
2.KB.05
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
K : Sulfarsenates, Sulfantimonates
B : Sulfarsenates with additional S
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
K : Sulfarsenates, Sulfantimonates
B : Sulfarsenates with additional S
3.1.6.1
3 : SULFOSALTS
1 : ø > 4
3 : SULFOSALTS
1 : ø > 4
5.2.13
5 : Sulphosalts - Sulpharsenites and Sulphobismuthites (those containing Sn, Ge,or V are in Section 6)
2 : Sulpharsenites etc. of Ag
5 : Sulphosalts - Sulpharsenites and Sulphobismuthites (those containing Sn, Ge,or V are in Section 6)
2 : Sulpharsenites etc. of Ag
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Bgy | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Billingsleyite
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Dark lead-grey
Hardness:
2½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Sectile
Density:
5.92(2) g/cm3 (Measured) 5.90 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Chemistry of Billingsleyite
Mindat Formula:
Ag7AsS6
Elements listed:
Common Impurities:
Cu,Fe
Crystallography of Billingsleyite
Crystal System:
Isometric
Class (H-M):
2 3 - Tetartoidal
Space Group:
P21 3
Cell Parameters:
a = 10.4760(8) Å
Unit Cell V:
1,149.71 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:
Fine-grained aggregates. Flattened octahedra (often dull).
Comment:
Originally assumed to be orthorhombic, with space group C2221 (Frondel and Honea, 1968).
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0006324 | Billingsleyite | Bindi L, Downs R T, Menchetti S (2010) The crystal structure of billingsleyite, Ag7(As,Sb)S6, a sulfosalt containing As5+ The Canadian Mineralogist 48 155-162 | 2010 | North Lily mine, East Tintic district, Utah, USA | 0 | 293 | |
0013828 | Billingsleyite | Pertlik F (1994) Hydrothermal synthesis and crystal structure determination of heptasilver(I)-disulfur-tetrathioarsenate(V), Ag7S2(AsS4), with a survey on thioarsenate anions Journal of Solid State Chemistry 112 170-175 | 1994 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
6.11 Å | (40) |
3.53 Å | (60) |
3.34 Å | (50) |
3.19 Å | (70) |
3.05 Å | (100) |
2.83 Å | (60) |
2.49 Å | (60) |
Comments:
Tintic, Utah, USA.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism | |
33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12]) |
Type Occurrence of Billingsleyite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Fine-grained aggregates.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
National School of Mines, Paris, France; Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 110530; National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, R18987.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Believed to have occurred in a body of high-grade silver ore.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Frondel, C., Honea, R.M. (1968) Billingsleyite, a new silver sulfosalt. American Mineralogist: 53: 1791-1798.
Synonyms of Billingsleyite
Other Language Names for Billingsleyite
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
20 photos of Billingsleyite associated with Acanthite | Ag2S |
16 photos of Billingsleyite associated with Calcite | CaCO3 |
15 photos of Billingsleyite associated with Dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 |
8 photos of Billingsleyite associated with Proustite | Ag3AsS3 |
7 photos of Billingsleyite associated with Trechmannite | AgAsS2 |
4 photos of Billingsleyite associated with Pyrargyrite | Ag3SbS3 |
2 photos of Billingsleyite associated with Mimetite | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
2 photos of Billingsleyite associated with Arsendescloizite | PbZn(AsO4)(OH) |
2 photos of Billingsleyite associated with Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
1 photo of Billingsleyite associated with Austinite | CaZn(AsO4)(OH) |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Billingsleyite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-675.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
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References for Billingsleyite
Reference List:
Jambor, John L., Burke, Ernst A. J. (1991) New Mineral Names. American Mineralogist, 76 (11-12) 2020-2026
Localities for Billingsleyite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Austria | |
| Kolitsch et al. (2017) |
China | |
| Liu et al. (2024) |
Germany | |
| Blaß et al. (2000) +1 other reference |
Italy | |
| Rivista Mineralogica Italiana anno 2014 ... |
Orlandi (2011) | |
| Biagioni et al. (2014) |
Japan | |
| Ishiyama et al. (1989) |
Mexico | |
| Camprubi |
Peru | |
| Frank Keutsch EDS- (Ag7AsS6, Sb-free) |
Romania | |
| Andy Roberts |
Russia | |
| Savva et al. (2007) |
Turkey | |
| Blanks et al. (2014) |
USA | |
| Collins (2012) |
| Frondel et al. (1968) +1 other reference |
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Clara Mine, Oberwolfach, Ortenaukreis, Freiburg Region, Baden-Württemberg, Germany