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Yttrotungstite-(Ce)

Formula:
(Ce,Nd,Y)W
 
2
O
 
6
(OH)
 
3
System:MonoclinicColour:Orange-yellow
Hardness:1
Name:In allusion to its composition, containing both YTTRium and TUNGSTen.


See also Yttrotungstite-(Y) and Unnamed (Nd-analogue of Yttrotungstite-(Ce)).

A rare secondary mineral occurring in the oxidized zones of tungsten deposits.

Classification of Yttrotungstite-(Ce)

IMA status:Approved
Strunz 8th edition ID:4/E.02-80
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:4.FD.20

4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
F : Hydroxides (without V or U)
D : Hydroxides with OH, without H2O; chains of edge-sharing octahedra
Dana 8th edition ID:49.3.3.1

49 : HYDRATED MOLYBDATES AND TUNGSTATES
3 : Hydrated Molybdates and Tungstates Containing Hydroxyl or Halogen
Hey's CIM Ref.:27.4.7

27 : Sulphites, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
4 : Tungstates
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Type Occurrence of Yttrotungstite-(Ce)

Co-type Localities:Kramat Pulai Mine, Pulai, Kinta District, Perak, Malaysia
Kirwa Mine, Kigezi District, Uganda
Place of Conservation of Type Material:University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

Physical Properties of Yttrotungstite-(Ce)

Colour:Orange-yellow
Hardness (Mohs):1
Cleavage:Perfect
On {100}, perfect.
Density (calculated):6.23 g/cm3
Comment:Measured density not determined.

Crystallography of Yttrotungstite-(Ce)

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Class (H-M):2 - Sphenoidal
Space Group:P21 (P1 1 21) [P21] {P1 21 1}
Cell Parameters:a = 5.874Å, b = 8.7Å, c = 7.07Å
β = 105.45°
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.675 : 1 : 0.813
Unit Cell Volume:V 348.25 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:2
Morphology:Crystals bladed, with forms {001}, {101}, {100}, {011}, and {110}; as parallel platy and radiating groups.
Twinning:On {001}.
Comment:Class either 2 or 2m; Space Group either P21 or P21/m.

Optical Data of Yttrotungstite-(Ce)

Type:Biaxial
RI values: nα = 1.890 nβ = 1.950 nγ = 2.020
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.130

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Very High
Dispersion:r > v strong

Chemical Properties of Yttrotungstite-(Ce)

Formula:
(Ce,Nd,Y)W
 
2
O
 
6
(OH)
 
3
Essential elements:Ce, H, O, W
All elements listed in formula:Ce, H, Nd, O, W, Y

Relationship of Yttrotungstite-(Ce) to other Species

Common Associates:
Ferberite
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):
4.FD.05Spertiniite
Cu(OH)
 
2
4.FD.10Bracewellite
CrO(OH)
4.FD.10Diaspore
AlO(OH)
4.FD.10Goethite
α-Fe
3+
 
O(OH)
4.FD.10Groutite
Mn
3+
 
O(OH)
4.FD.10Guyanaite
CrO(OH)
4.FD.10Montroseite
(V,Fe)O(OH)
4.FD.10Tsumgallite
GaO(OH)
4.FD.15Manganite
Mn
3+
 
O(OH)
4.FD.20Yttrotungstite-(Y)
YW
 
2
O
 
6
(OH)
 
3
4.FD.25Frankhawthorneite
Cu
 
2
[(OH)
 
2
|TeO
 
4
]
4.FD.30Khinite
Cu
 
3
Pb[(OH)
 
6
|TeO
 
4
]
4.FD.30Parakhinite
Cu
 
3
Pb[(OH)
 
6
|TeO
 
4
]
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:
27.4.1Cuprotungstite
Cu
 
2
[(OH)
 
2
|WO
 
4
]
27.4.2Scheelite
Ca[WO
 
4
]
27.4.4Anthoinite
WAlO
 
3
(OH)
 
3
 (?)
27.4.5Mpororoite
AlWO
 
3
(OH)
 
3
·2H
 
2
O
27.4.6Yttrotungstite-(Y)
YW
 
2
O
 
6
(OH)
 
3
27.4.8Stolzite
Pb[WO
 
4
]
27.4.9Raspite
PbWO
 
4
27.4.10Russellite
(BiO)
 
2
[WO
 
4
]
27.4.11Pinalite
Pb
 
3
WO
 
3
Cl
 
2
27.4.12Uranotungstite
(Fe
2+
 
,Ba,Pb)(UO
 
2
)
 
2
[(OH)
 
4
|WO
 
4
] · 12H
 
2
O
27.4.13Hübnerite
MnWO
 
4
27.4.14Ferberite
FeWO
 
4
27.4.15Wolframite
(Fe
2+
 
)WO
 
4
 
 
to (Mn
2+
 
)WO
 
4
27.4.16Ferritungstite
(W,Fe
3+
 
)(O,OH)
 
3
27.4.17Phyllotungstite
Ca
 
x
[(W,Fe)(O,OH)
 
3
]·yH
 
2
O
27.4.18Qitianlingite
(Fe,Mn)
 
2
(Nb,Ta)
 
2
WO
 
10

Other Names for Yttrotungstite-(Ce)

Synonyms:
CerotungstiteCerotungstite-(Ce)Thorotungstite
German names:
Yttrotungstit-(Ce)
Russian names:
Иттротунгстит-(Ce)

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Yttrotungstite-(Ce)

Reference List:Scrivenor and Shenton (1927) American Journal of Science: 13: 487 (as Thorotungstite).

Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 1097 (as Thorotungstite).

Canadian Mineralogist (1957): 6: 72.

Sahama, T.G., O. von Knorring, and M. Lehtinen (1970) Cerotungstite, a cerian analogue to yttrotungstite, from Uganda. Bull. Geol. Soc. Finland, 42, 223–228 (as Cerotungstite).

American Mineralogist (1972), 57, 1558–1559 (abstract).

Sahama, T.G. (1981) The secondary tungsten minerals, a review. Mineralogical Record, 12, 81–87.

Anthony, J.W., Bideaux, R.A., Bladh, K.W., and Nichols, M.C. (1997) Handbook of Mineralogy, Volume III. Halides, Hydroxides, Oxides. Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson, AZ, 628pp.: 11.

Internet Links for Yttrotungstite-(Ce)

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    Localities for Yttrotungstite-(Ce)

    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Malaysia
     
    • Perak
      • Kinta District
        • Pulai
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 1097.
    Rwanda
     
    • Ruhengeri Province
      • Cyeru Commune
        • Gifurwe sector
    		J. W. Anthony et al.: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol.3 (1997), 11
    Uganda
     
    • Kigezi District
    		J. W. Anthony et al.: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol.3 (1997), 11
    J. W. Anthony et al.: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol.3 (1997), 11
    Mineral and/or Locality
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