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Braggite

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Big Photo

Medvezhyi Ruchei Mine, Noril'sk-1 Cu-Ni deposit, Noril'sk, Putoran Plateau, Taimyr Peninsula, Taymyrskiy Autonomous Okrug, Eastern-Siberian Region, Russia
© Pavel M. Kartashov

Show Braggite Photos (4)



Formula:
(Pt,Pd,Ni)S
System:TetragonalHardness:5
Name:After Sir William H. Bragg (1862-1942), and his son, Professor W.L. Bragg (1890-1971), this being the first new mineral isolated and determined by x-ray methods.
Dimorph of:Cooperite
Isostructural with:Vysotskite


Braggite-Vysotskite Series.

Classification of Braggite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:2/C.25-20
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:2.CC.35a

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
C : Metal Sulfides, M: S = 1: 1 (and similar)
C : With Ni, Fe, Co, PGE, etc.
Dana 8th edition ID:2.8.5.3

2 : SULFIDES
8 : AmXp, with m:p = 1:1
Hey's CIM Ref.:3.12.45

3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
12 : Sulphides etc. of the platinum metals
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Type Occurrence of Braggite

Type Locality:Mokopane (Potgietersrus), Eastern Bushveld Complex, Limpopo Province, South Africa
Place of Conservation of Type Material:British Natural History Museum
Year of Discovery:1932

Occurrences of Braggite

Geological Setting:Norites in mafic layered intrusives.

Physical Properties of Braggite

Lustre:Metallic
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Opaque
Hardness (Mohs):5
Hardness (Vickers):VHN100=946 - 1064 kg/mm2
Density (measured):10 g/cm3
Density (calculated):9.383 g/cm3

Crystallography of Braggite

Crystal System:Tetragonal
Cell Parameters:a = 6.367Å, c = 6.561Å
Ratio:a:c = 1 : 1.03
Unit Cell Volume:V 265.97 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:8
Morphology:Prisms to 2cm
Twinning:Sometimes observed

Optical Data of Braggite

Type:Anisotropic
Anisotropism:Distinct in purplish and pinkish shades of gray and brown
Colour in reflected light:White

Chemical Properties of Braggite

Formula:
(Pt,Pd,Ni)S
Essential elements:Pt, S
All elements listed in formula:Ni, Pd, Pt, S

Relationship of Braggite to other Species

Series:Forms a series with Vysotskite (see here)
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
2.CC.UM2007-26-S:CuFeIrNiPtRh
(Ir,Cu,Ni,Pt,Rh,Fe)
 
9
S
 
11
2.CC.05Achavalite
(Fe,Cu)Se
2.CC.05Breithauptite
NiSb
2.CC.05Freboldite
CoSe
2.CC.05Kotulskite
Pd(Te,Bi)
 
1-2
2.CC.05Langisite
(Co,Ni)As
2.CC.05Nickeline
NiAs
2.CC.05Sederholmite
beta-NiSe
2.CC.05Sobolevskite
PdBi
2.CC.05Stumpflite
Pt(Sb,Bi)
2.CC.05Sudburyite
(Pd,Ni)Sb
2.CC.05Jaipurite
CoS
2.CC.05Zlatogorite
NiCuSb
 
2
2.CC.10Pyrrhotite
Fe
 
1-x
S (x = 0 to 0.17)
2.CC.10Smythite
(Fe,Ni)
 
3+x
S
 
4
 (x=0-0.3)
2.CC.10Troilite
FeS
2.CC.15Cherepanovite
RhAs
2.CC.15Modderite
(Co,Fe)As
2.CC.15Ruthenarsenite
(Ru,Ni)As
2.CC.15Westerveldite
(Fe,Ni,Co)As
2.CC.20Millerite
NiS
2.CC.20Mäkinenite
γ-NiSe
2.CC.20UM1990-38-S:CuFeIrNiPtRh
(Ir,Pt,Ni,Fe)S
2.CC.25Mackinawite
(Fe,Ni)
 
9
S
 
8
2.CC.30Hexatestibiopanickelite
(Pd,Ni)(Sb,Te)
2.CC.30Vavřínite
Ni
 
2
SbTe
 
2
2.CC.35bCooperite
PtS
2.CC.35aVysotskite
(Pd,Ni)S
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
3.12.1Seinäjokite
(Fe,Ni)(Sb,As)
 
2
3.12.2Laurite
RuS
 
2
3.12.3Ruthenarsenite
(Ru,Ni)As
3.12.4Anduoite
(Ru,Os)As
 
2
3.12.5Ruarsite
(Ru,Os)AsS
3.12.6Xingzhongite
(Pb,Cu,Fe)(Ir,Pt,Rh)
 
2
S
 
4
3.12.7Rhodplumsite
Rh
 
3
Pb
 
2
S
 
2
3.12.8Cuprorhodsite
(Cu,Fe)Rh
 
2
S
 
4
3.12.9Konderite
Cu
 
3
Pb(Rh,Pt,Ir)
 
8
S
 
16
3.12.10Bowieite
(Rh,Ir,Pt)
 
2
S
 
3
3.12.11Cherepanovite
RhAs
3.12.12Hollingworthite
(Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS
3.12.13Vysotskite
(Pd,Ni)S
3.12.14Vasilite
(Pd,Cu)
 
16
(S,Te)
 
7
3.12.15Palladseite
Pd
 
17
Se
 
15
3.12.16Oosterboschite
(Pd,Cu)
 
7
Se
 
5
3.12.17Telluropalladinite
Pd
 
9
Te
 
4
3.12.18Temagamite
Pd
 
3
HgTe
 
3
3.12.19Sopcheite
Ag
 
4
Pd
 
3
Te
 
4
3.12.20Michenerite
PdBiTe
3.12.21Kotulskite
Pd(Te,Bi)
 
1-2
3.12.22Telargpalite
(Pd,Ag)
 
3
(Te,Bi)
3.12.23Merenskyite
(Pd,Pt)(Te,Bi)
 
2
3.12.24Palladoarsenide
Pd
 
2
As
3.12.25Stillwaterite
Pd
 
8
As
 
3
3.12.26Atheneite
Pd
 
2
As
 
0.75
Hg
 
0.25
3.12.27Majakite
PdNiAs
3.12.28Palarstanide
Pd
 
8
(As,Sn)
 
3
3.12.29Arsenopalladinite
Pd
 
8
(As,Sb)
 
3
3.12.30Vincentite
Pd
 
3
As
3.12.31Palladobismutharsenide
Pd
 
2
(As,Bi)
3.12.32Stibiopalladinite
Pd
 
5
Sb
 
2
3.12.33Hexatestibiopanickelite
(Pd,Ni)(Sb,Te)
3.12.34Sudburyite
(Pd,Ni)Sb
3.12.35Testibiopalladite
PdTe(Sb,Te)
3.12.36Borovskite
Pd
 
3
SbTe
 
4
3.12.37Isomertieite
Pd
 
11
Sb
 
2
As
 
2
3.12.38Mertieite-I
Pd
 
11
(Sb,As)
 
4
3.12.39Mertieite-II
Pd
 
8
(Sb,As)
 
3
3.12.40Sobolevskite
PdBi
3.12.41Froodite
α-PdBi
 
2
3.12.42Polarite
Pd(Bi,Pb)
3.12.43Urvantsevite
Pd(Bi,Pb)
 
2
3.12.44Cooperite
PtS
3.12.46Kharaelakhite
(Cu,Pt,Pb,Fe,Ni)
 
9
S
 
8
3.12.47Malanite
Cu(Pt
3+
 
,Ir
3+
 
)
 
2
S
 
4
3.12.48Moncheite
(Pt,Pd)(Te,Bi)
 
2
3.12.49Maslovite
PtBiTe
3.12.50Sperrylite
PtAs
 
2
3.12.51Platarsite
(Pt,Rh,Ru)AsS
3.12.52Geversite
PtSb
 
2
3.12.53Daomanite
CuPtAsS
 
2
3.12.54Genkinite
(Pt,Pd,Rh)
 
4
Sb
 
3
3.12.55Stumpflite
Pt(Sb,Bi)
3.12.56Insizwaite
Pt(Bi,Sb)
 
2
3.12.57Erlichmanite
OsS
 
2
3.12.58Omeiite
(Os,Ru)As
 
2
3.12.59Osarsite
(Os,Ru)AsS
3.12.60Kashinite
(Ir,Rh)
 
2
S
 
3
3.12.61Inaglyite
Cu
 
3
Pb(Ir,Pt)
 
8
S
 
16
3.12.62Cuproiridsite
(Cu,Fe)Ir
 
2
S
 
4
3.12.63Iridarsenite
(Ir,Ru)As
 
2
3.12.64Irarsite
(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS
3.12.65Tolovkite
IrSbS

Other Names for Braggite

Other Languages:
German:Braggit
Russian:Брэггит
Simplified Chinese:硫镍钯铂矿
Spanish:Braggita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Braggite

Reference List:

- +
Bannister and Hey (1932), Mineralogical Magazine: 23: 188.

American Mineralogist (1932): 17: 455.

Cabri, L.J., Laflamme, J.H.G., Stewart, J.M., Turner, K., and Skinner, B.J. (1978) On cooperite, braggite, and vysotskite. American Mineralogist: 63: 832-839.

Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1944), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume I: Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York. 7th edition, revised and enlarged: 259.

American Mineralogist (1978): 63: 832-839.

Acta Crystallographica: B29: 1446-1455.

Internet Links for Braggite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Braggite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    • Localities for Braggite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Austria
     
    • Styria
      • Leoben
    		Min.& Pet. 73:247-277
    Bulgaria
     
    • Blagoevgrad Oblast
    Canada
     
    • New Brunswick
      • Kings Co.
        • Cardwell Parish
    		Grammatikopoulos, T.A., Hiebert, R.S., Barr, S.M. and Valeyev, O., (2006) Cu-Ni-PGM Mineralization In The Mechanic Settlement Pluton, Southern New Brunswick, Canada. in Geological Association of Canada, Program with Abstracts Volume 31
    • Ontario
      • Thunder Bay District
    		CanMin 22:233-237
    Canadian Mineralogist, Vol.22, pp. 125-136 (1984)
    • Québec
      • Chaudière-Appalaches
        • Les Appalaches RCM
          • Saint-Joseph-de-Coleraine
    		Can. Min. 28, 579
          • Thetford Mines
    		Corrivaux, L. & Laflamme, J.H. G. (1990) Minéralogie des éléments du group du platin dans les chromitites de l'ophiolite de Thetford Mines, Québec. Canadian Mineralogist 28, 579-595.
    China
     
    • Xinjiang Autonomous Region
      • Bayin'gholin Autonomous Prefecture (Bayingolin Autonomous Prefecture; Bayinguoleng Autonomous Prefecture)
        • Ruoqiang Co. (Qakilik Co.; Chaqiliq Co.)
    		Guofan Liu, Guangbin Zhu, Jinduo Chen, Zhenjun Yang, and Shuang Qin (2005): Geology and Resources 14(1), 28-32
    Ecuador
     
    • Esmeraldas Province
    		Weiser, T. and Schmidt-Thome, M. (1993) Platinum-group minerals from the Santiago river, Esmeraldas province, Ecuador. Canadian Mineralogist, 31, 61-73.
    Finland
     
    • Lapland Region
      • Inari
        • Lemmenjoki
    		33rd International Geological Congress (2008) session MPM-04 Platinum-group mineralogy: Pt-Pd selenides from river placers, northern Finland; Kari K. Kojonen, Andrew M. McDonald, Chris J. Stanley, and Bo Johanson (2011) Törnroosite, Pd11As2Te2, A New Mineral Species Related to Isomertieite from Miessijoki, Finnish Lapland, Finland. Can Mineral 49:1643-1651
      • Penikat complex
    		Econ Geol (1986) 81:1126-1136
    Econ Geol (1986) 81:1126-1136
    Econ Geol (1986) 81:1126-1136
    American Mineralogist: 85: 1564; Canadian Mineralogist: 43: 1663-1686.
      • Sodankylä
    33 IGC excursion No 15, August 15th – 21st 2008
    Greece
     
    • Epirus (Ipeiros) Department
      • Pindos Mts
        • Pindos ophiolite complex
    		Argirios Kapsiotis, Tassos A. Grammatikopoulos, Basilios Tsikouras, Konstantin Hatzipanagiotou, Federica Zaccarini und Giorgio Garuti (2011): Mineralogy, composition and PGM of chromitites from Pefki, Pindos ophiolite complex (NW Greece): evidence for progressively elevated fAs conditions in the upper mantle sequence. Mineralogy and Petrology 101, 129-150.
    India
     
    • Orissa
    		CanMin 40:277-309
    Madagascar
     
    • Toamasina Province (Tamatave)
      • Eastern Region (Atsinanana Region)
        • Antanambao Manampotsy District
    		Legendre, O., and Augé, T. (1992): Alluvial platinum-group minerals from the Manampotsy area, east Madagascar. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 39, 389-404
        • Vatomandry District
          • Sahafary
    		Augé, T. & Legendre, O. (1992): Pt-Fe nuggets from alluvial deposits in eastern Madagascar. Canadian Mineralogist 30, 983-1004
    New Zealand
     
    • South Island
      • Southland
        • Orepuki
    		Railton, G.L. & Watters, W.A., Minerals of New Zealand, New Zealand Geological Survey Bull. #104 (1990).
        • Southland District
    		Railton, G.L. & Watters, W.A., Minerals of New Zealand, New Zealand Geological Survey Bull. #104 (1990).
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Taymyrskiy Autonomous Okrug
        • Taimyr Peninsula
          • Putoran Plateau
            • Noril'sk
              • Noril'sk-1 Cu-Ni deposit
    		Pavel M. Kartashov data
    Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols: "Handbook of Mineralogy", Vol. 1, 1990
              • Talnakh Cu-Ni Deposit
    		Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
    • Far-Eastern Region
      • Kamchatka Oblast'
    		Mikon specimen
    • Northern Region
      • Karelia Republic
        • Northern Karelia
          • Oulanka plutonic complex
            • Olanga (Oulanka) River
    		Eur. J. Mineral. , 1993, 5, pp. 1227-1233.
      • Murmanskaja Oblast'
        • Kola Peninsula
          • Fedorovo-Pansky massif (Pana layered complex)
    		33rd International Geological Congress (2008) session MPM-04 Platinum-group mineralogy: Platinum-group minerals in the PGE deposit of the Fedorovo-Pansky layered intrusion, Kola Peninsula
    33rd International Geological Congress (2008) session MPM-04 Platinum-group mineralogy: Platinum-group minerals in the PGE deposit of the Fedorovo-Pansky layered intrusion, Kola Peninsula
    33rd International Geological Congress (2008) session MPM-04 Platinum-group mineralogy: Platinum-group minerals in the PGE deposit of the Fedorovo-Pansky layered intrusion, Kola Peninsula
    33rd International Geological Congress (2008) session MPM-04 Platinum-group mineralogy: Platinum-group minerals in the PGE deposit of the Fedorovo-Pansky layered intrusion, Kola Peninsula
          • Monche-Tundra
    		http://www.duke.edu/~boudreau/9thPtSymposium/Grokhovskaya_Abstract.pdf
    South Africa
     
    • Eastern Cape Province
      • Alfred Nzo District
        • Insizwa
    		Minerals of South Africa
    • Free State Province
    		Minerals of South Africa
    • KwaZulu-Natal Province
      • Bushveld Complex
    		Minerals of South Africa
    • Limpopo Province
    		www.bgr.de/b423/oberthuer_ptconf_pgm_bushveld.pdf.
    Minerals of South Africa
        • Burgersfort
          • Sekhukhuneland
    		Minerals of South Africa
    Minerals of South Africa
    The Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 43, pp. 1711-1734 (2005)
    Minerals of South Africa
    Minerals of South Africa
      • Eastern Bushveld Complex
        • Merensky Reef
    		Minerals of South Africa
    Min.Mag.(1932) 23, 198-206
    Minerals of South Africa
    Am Min 68:11-12 pp 1249-1254
    Minerals of South Africa
    • Mpumalanga Province
      • Eastern Bushveld Complex
        • Lydenburg District
    		Minerals of South Africa
    Minerals of South Africa
      • Pilgrim's Rest District
        • Sabie
    		Minerals of South Africa
    • North West Province
      • Western Bushveld Complex
    		Minerals of South Africa
    Minerals of South Africa
    Minerals of South Africa
        • Rustenburg District
          • Rustenburg
            • Nkaneng
    		Minerals of South Africa
    Minerals of South Africa
    Spain
     
    • Galicia
      • A Coruña (La Coruña)
        • Cariño (Ortigueira)
          • Cabo Ortegal complex
    		Madon, M., Gil, J.I., Via, J. and Girardeau, J. (1991). Characterization and thermodynamic properties of andradite, Ca3Fe2Si3O12. American Mineralogist, 76:1249-1260.; Moreno, T., Lunar, R., Prichard, H.M., Monterrubio, S. and Ortega, L. (1999) Platinum-group element mineralization in chromitites from the ultramafic massifs of the Cabo Ortegal complex. Geogaceta, 25:135-138.; Moreno, T., Gibbons, W., Lunar, R., Prichard, H.M., Monterrubio, S. and García-izquierdo, B. (2002) Concentraciones de cromita y elementos del grupo del platino en las rocas ultramáficas del complejo de Cabo Ortegal (NO de España): implicaciones tectónicas. Bol. Soc. Esp. Min., 25:129-144.; García, B., Lunar, R. and Capote, R. (2002). Difusión de Al-Cr en espinelas durante la deformación en rocas ultramáficas de los complejos de Cabo Ortegal (NO de España) y de BraganÇa (NE de Portugal). Bol. Soc. Esp. Min., 25A:37-44.
    UK
     
    Tindle, A.G. (2008) Minerals of Britian and Ireland
      • North West Highlands (Inverness-shire)
        • Isle of Rum
    		Power, M.R., Pirrie, D., Andersen, J.C.O., and Butcher, A.R. (2000): Mineralium Deposita 35, 762-775.
    USA
     
    • Minnesota
      • Lake Co.
        • Beaver Bay
          • Beaver Bay Complex
    		Chusi Li, Ripley, E.M., Oberthür, T., Miller, Jr., J.D., and Joslin, G.D. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 97-110.
    • Montana
      • Stillwater Co.
        • Nye
    		Gobla, M.J. (2012) Montana mineral locality index. Rocks & Minerals, 87, #3, 208-240.
    Canadian Mineralogist; August 2006; v. 44; no. 4; p. 895-903; Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 17, pp. 589-594 (1979); Canadian Mineralogist Vol.24, pp. 329-346 (1986)
          • Blakely Creek
    		Canadian Mineralogist Vol.24, pp. 329-346 (1986)
    Canadian Mineralogist Vol.24, pp. 329-346 (1986)
          • J-M Reef (Howland Reef)
    		Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 23, pp.149-162(1985)
    Canadian Mineralogist Vol.24, pp. 329-346 (1986)
    Canadian Mineralogist Vol.24, pp. 329-346 (1986)
    Canadian Mineralogist Vol.24, pp. 329-346 (1986)
    Canadian Mineralogist Vol.24, pp. 329-346 (1986)
      • Sweet Grass Co.
        • Stillwater Complex
    		Robert C. Smith, II, Ph. D., P.G.
    www.cotc.edu/professional/osu/faculty/jstjohn/Stillwater-Complex/Braggite.htm
    • Pennsylvania
      • Chester Co.
        • State Line Chromite District
    		Smith, II, R. C. and Barnes, J. H. (2011)
    Zimbabwe
     
    • Masvingo
      • Chiredzi Mining District (Hartley Mining District)
        • Chiredzi
    		Chusi Li, Ripley, E.M., Oberthür, T., Miller, Jr., J.D., and Joslin, G.D. (2008): Mineralium Deposita 43, 97-110.; Stribrny, B., Wellmer, F.-W., Burgath, K.-P., Oberthür, T., Tarkian, M., and Pfeiffer, T. (2000): Mineralium Deposita 35, 260-281.; Allan H. Wilson and Martin D. Prendergast (2001) Platinum-Group Element Mineralisation in the Great Dyke, Zimbabwe, and its Relationship to Magma Evolution and Magma Chamber Structure. South African Journal of Geology, 104:319-342
    • Midlands
      • Shurugwi District (Selukwe District)
    		Allan H. Wilson and Martin D. Prendergast (2001) Platinum-Group Element Mineralisation in the Great Dyke, Zimbabwe, and its Relationship to Magma Evolution and Magma Chamber Structure. South African Journal of Geology, 104:319-342
      • Zvishavane District
        • Zvishavane (Shabani; Shabanie; Shavani)
    		Allan H. Wilson and Martin D. Prendergast (2001) Platinum-Group Element Mineralisation in the Great Dyke, Zimbabwe, and its Relationship to Magma Evolution and Magma Chamber Structure. South African Journal of Geology, 104:319-342
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