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Cancrinite

Big Photo

Vishnevye (Vishnyovye) Mts, Chelyabinsk Oblast', Southern Urals, Urals Region, Russia
© Pavel M. Kartashov

Show Cancrinite Photos (36)
Formula:
Na
 
6
Ca
 
2
[(CO
 
3
)
 
2
|Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
] · 2H
 
2
O
System:HexagonalColour:grey-green, white, ...
Hardness:5 - 6
Name:For Count Egor Frantsevich Kankrin (Georg Cancrin) (1774-1845), Russian Minister of Finance.


Cancrinite Group.

Classification of Cancrinite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:8/J.09-10
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:9.FB.05

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
F : Tektosilicates without zeolitic H2O
B : Tektosilicates with additional anions
Dana 8th edition ID:76.2.5.3

76 : TECTOSILICATES Al-Si Framework
2 : Al-Si Framework Feldspathoids and related species
Hey's CIM Ref.:17.4.7

17 : Silicates Containing other Anions
4 : Silicates with carbonates
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Type Occurrence of Cancrinite

Type Locality:Miass (Miask), Ilmen Mts, Chelyabinsk Oblast', Southern Urals, Urals Region, Russia
Year of Discovery:1839

Occurrences of Cancrinite

Geological Setting:Primary mineral in alkalic igneous rocks, alteration product of nepheline.

Physical Properties of Cancrinite

Lustre:Vitreous, Greasy, Pearly
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent, Translucent
Colour:grey-green, white, yellow, blue, orange, reddish
Streak:white
Hardness (Mohs):5 - 6
Tenacity:Brittle
Cleavage:Perfect
Perfect on {1010}, poor on {0001}
Fracture:Irregular/Uneven
Density (measured):2.42 - 2.51 g/cm3
Density (calculated):2.49 g/cm3

Crystallography of Cancrinite

Crystal System:Hexagonal
Class (H-M):6 - Pyramidal
Space Group:P63
Cell Parameters:a = 12.67(9) Å, c = 5.15(4) Å
Ratio:a:c = 1 : 0.406
Unit Cell Volume:V 715.96 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:1
Morphology:Rarely as prismatic crystals.
Twinning:Rare lamellar
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
Image Loading

Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Horizontal Axis: ° to ° Vertical Axis: % Source Data: Filtered Data: Peaks:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Optical Data of Cancrinite

Type:Uniaxial (+/-)
RI values: nω = 1.507 - 1.528 nε = 1.495 - 1.503
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.012 - 0.025

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Low

Chemical Properties of Cancrinite

Formula:
Na
 
6
Ca
 
2
[(CO
 
3
)
 
2
|Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
] · 2H
 
2
O
Essential elements:Al, C, Ca, Na, O, Si
All elements listed in formula:Al, C, Ca, H, Na, O, Si
Common Impurities:Ti,Fe,Mg,K,Cl,S

Relationship of Cancrinite to other Species

Member of Group:
Cancrinite Group:
Common Associates:
SodaliteOrthoclaseNephelineNatroliteMonticellite
Andradite
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
9.FB.05Afghanite
(Na,Ca,K)
 
8
[(Cl
 
2
,SO
 
4
,CO
 
3
)
 
3
|Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
] · 0.5H
 
2
O
9.FB.05Bystrite
(Na,K)
 
7
Ca[(S
 
3
)
 
1.5
|Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
] · H
 
2
O
9.FB.05Cancrisilite
Na
 
7
[CO
 
3
|Al
 
5
Si
 
7
O
 
24
] · 3H
 
2
O
9.FB.05Davyne
(Na,K)
 
6
Ca
 
2
[(Cl
 
2
,SO
 
4
)
 
2
|Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
]
9.FB.05Franzinite
(Na,K)
 
6
Ca
 
2
[(SO
 
4
)
 
2
|Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
] · 0.5H
 
2
O
9.FB.05Giuseppettite
(Na,K,Ca)
 
7-8
[(SO
 
4
,Cl)
 
1-2
|Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
]
9.FB.05Hydroxycancrinite
Na
 
8
[(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
] · 2H
 
2
O
9.FB.05Liottite
(Na,K)
 
16
Ca
 
8
[Cl
 
4
|(SO
 
4
)
 
5
|(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)
 
3
]
9.FB.05Microsommite
Na
 
4
K
 
2
Ca
 
2
[Cl
 
2
|SO
 
4
|Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
]
9.FB.05Pitiglianoite
Na
 
6
K
 
2
[SO
 
4
|Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
] · 2H
 
2
O
9.FB.05Quadridavyne
(Na,K)
 
6
Ca
 
2
[Cl
 
4
|Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
]
9.FB.05Sacrofanite
(Na,K)
 
98
Ca
 
20
(Si
 
84
Al
 
84
O
 
336
)(SO
 
4
)
 
26
Cl
 
2
·8H
 
2
O
9.FB.05Tounkite
(Na,Ca,K)
 
8
[Cl|(SO
 
4
)
 
2
|Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
] · H
 
2
O
9.FB.05Vishnevite
(Na,K)
 
8
[(SO
 
4
,CO
 
3
)|Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
] · 2H
 
2
O
9.FB.05Marinellite
(Na,K)
 
42
Ca
 
6
[Cl
 
2
|(SO
 
4
)
 
8
|(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)
 
6
] · 3 H
 
2
O
9.FB.05Farneseite
(Na,Ca,K)
 
56
[(SO
 
4
)
 
12
|Al
 
42
Si
 
42
O
 
168
] · 6H
 
2
O
9.FB.05Alloriite
(Na,Ca,K)
 
26
Ca
 
4
[Cl
 
6
|(SO
 
4
)
 
6
|(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)
 
4
]
9.FB.05Fantappièite
[Na
 
82.5
Ca
 
33
K
 
16.5
]
 
132
(Si
 
99
Al
 
99
O
 
396
)(SO
 
4
)
 
33
·4H
 
2
O
9.FB.05Balliranoite
(Na,K)
 
6
Ca
 
2
(Si
 
6
Al
 
6
O
 
24
)Cl
 
2
(CO
 
3
)
9.FB.05IMA2009-028
Na
 
8
(Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
)(CO
 
3
)·3.5H
 
2
O
9.FB.10Bicchulite
Ca
 
2
[(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
SiO
 
6
]
9.FB.10Danalite
Fe
2+
4
Be
 
3
[S|(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
]
9.FB.10Genthelvite
Zn
 
4
Be
 
3
[S|(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
]
9.FB.10Haüyne
(Na,Ca)
 
4-8
[Al
 
6
Si
 
6
(O,S)
 
24
](SO
 
4
,Cl)
 
1-2
9.FB.10Helvite
Mn
2+
4
Be
 
3
[S|(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
]
9.FB.10Kamaishilite
Ca
 
2
[(OH)
 
2
|Al
 
2
SiO
 
6
]
9.FB.10Lazurite
(Na,Ca)
 
8
[(S,SO
 
4
,Cl
 
2
)|Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
]
9.FB.10Nosean
Na
 
8
[SO
 
4
|Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
]
9.FB.10Sodalite
Na
 
8
[Cl
 
2
|Al
 
6
Si
 
6
O
 
24
]
9.FB.10Tsaregorodtsevite
N(CH
 
3
)
 
4
[AlSi
 
5
O
 
12
]
9.FB.10Tugtupite
Na
 
4
[Cl|BeAlSi
 
4
O
 
12
]
9.FB.10Helvine
9.FB.15Marialite
Na
 
4
[Cl|(AlSi
 
3
O
 
8
)
 
3
]
9.FB.15Meionite
Ca
 
4
[CO
 
3
|(Al
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
8
)
 
3
]
9.FB.15Silvialite
(Ca,Na)
 
4
[(SO
 
4
,CO
 
3
)|(Al
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
8
)
 
3
]
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
17.4.1Tilleyite
Ca
 
5
[(CO
 
3
)
 
2
|Si
 
2
O
 
7
]
17.4.2Spurrite
Ca
 
5
[CO
 
3
|(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
]
17.4.3Paraspurrite
Ca
 
5
[CO
 
3
|(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
]
17.4.4Scawtite
Ca
 
7
Si
 
6
(CO
 
3
)O
 
18
·2H
 
2
O
17.4.5Fukalite
Ca
 
4
[CO
 
3
|(HSiO
 
4
)
 
2
]
17.4.6Meionite
Ca
 
4
[CO
 
3
|(Al
 
2
Si
 
2
O
 
8
)
 
3
]
17.4.8Carletonite
KNa
 
4
Ca
 
4
Si
 
8
O
 
18
(CO
 
3
)
 
4
(OH,F)·H
 
2
O
17.4.9Iimoriite-(Y)
Y
 
2
[CO
 
3
|SiO
 
4
]
17.4.10Kainosite-(Y)
Ca
 
2
(Y,Ce)
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
12
CO
 
3
·H
 
2
O
17.4.11Caysichite-(Y)
Ca
 
2
Y
 
2
Si
 
4
O
 
10
(CO
 
3
)
 
3
·4H
 
2
O
17.4.12Lepersonnite-(Gd)
Ca(Gd,Dy)
 
2
[(UO
 
2
)
 
6
(OH)
 
6
(CO
 
3
)
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)]
 
4
 ·48(H
 
2
O)
17.4.13Ashburtonite
Pb
 
4
Cu
 
4
[(OH)
 
3
|Cl|(HCO
 
3
)
 
4
|Si
 
4
O
 
12
] · H
 
2
O
17.4.14Surite
Pb(Pb,Ca)(CO
 
3
)
 
2
(Al,Fe,Mg)
 
2
(Si,Al)
 
4
O
 
10
(OH)
 
2
17.4.15Tundrite-(Ce)
Na
 
2
Ce
 
2
TiO
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)(CO
 
3
)
 
2
17.4.16Tundrite-(Nd)
Na
 
3
(Nd,La)
 
4
(Ti,Nb)
 
2
(SiO
 
4
)
 
2
(CO
 
3
)
 
3
O
 
4
(OH)·2H
 
2
O

Other Names for Cancrinite

Other Languages:
German:Cancrinit
Russian:Канкринит
Spanish:Cancrinita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Cancrinite

Reference List:Dana, E.S. (1892) System of Mineralogy, 6th. Edition, New York: 427-428.

Deer, W.A., R.A. Howie, and J. Zussman (1963) Rock-forming minerals, vol. 4, framework silicates, 310-320.

Foit, F.F., Jr. (1973) Cancrinite with a new superstructure from Bancroft, Ontario. Canadian Mineralogist: 11: 940-951.

Grundy, H.D. and I. Hassan (1982) The crystal structure of a carbonate-rich cancrinite. Canadian Mineralogist: 20: 239-251.

Canadian Mineralogist: 20: 239-251.

Zeitschrift für Kristallographie: 122: 407-422.

Anthony, J.W., Bideaux, R.A., Bladh, K.W., and Nichols, M.C. (1995) Handbook of Mineralogy, Volume II. Silica, Silicates. Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson, AZ, 904pp., 2 sub-volumes: 109.

Internet Links for Cancrinite

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  • Cancrinite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    Localities for Cancrinite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Afghanistan
     
    Mineralogical Record (2001) 32:253
    Angola
     
    • Huíla Province
      • Lubango City Council
    		Eur. J. Mineral. , 1993, 5, pp. 1001-1024.
    Antarctica
    AmMin 36:361-367
    AmMin 36:361-367
    Armenia
     
    Australia
     
    • Tasmania
      • Huon district
    		Bottrill, RS, 1997. The Minerals of the Cygnet District. The Mineralogical Society of Tasmania Newsletter, 25, p.12
    Bolivia
     
    • Cochabamba Department
      • Ayopaya Province
    		Alfredo Petrov collection; Laszlo Horvath collection
    Alfredo Petrov collection; Federico Ahlfeld field notes
    Brazil
     
    • Central-West Region
      • Goiás
        • Arenópolis
    		Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189.
    • North Region
      • Pará
        • Oriximiná
          • Acaraí range
    		Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189.
    • Southeast Region
      • Minas Gerais
        • Poços de Caldas plateau
    		No reference listed
    Machado (1888)
        • Serra do Salitre
    		Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189.
      • São Paulo
    		http://www.igc.usp.br/geologiausp/iga/art.php?artigo=7
    Cameroon
     
    • South Region
      • Kribi
    		Cesbron et al. (1988)
    Canada
     
    • British Columbia
      • Golden Mining Division
    		Edingtonite and Natrolite from Ice river, British Columbia, Grice, Gault, 1981; Mineralogical Record 12 221-226
    • Ontario
      • Haliburton Co.
        • Glamorgan Township
    		Ref.: Geological Survey of Canada Miscellaneous Report 39
      • Hastings Co.
        • Bancroft District
          • Dungannon Township
    		[Bancroft & District Mineral Collecting Guidebook]
    [Bancroft & District Mineral Collecting Guidebook]
    [Bancroft & District Mineral Collecting Guidebook]
    [Bancroft & District Mineral Collecting Guidebook]
    [Bancroft & District Mineral Collecting Guidebook]
    [Bancroft & District Mineral Collecting Guidebook]
    [Bancroft & District Mineral Collecting Guidebook]
      • Peterborough Co.
        • Nephton
    		New York State Museum specimen
    Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
      • Renfrew Co.
        • Brudenell Township
          • Rosenthal
    		Geological Survey of Canada Paper 70-50
      • Sudbury District
        • Bigwood Township
          • Concession 1
            • Lot 10
    		RWMW collection and Dave Joyce personal communication
    • Québec
      • Laurentides
        • Deux-Montagnes RCM
          • Oka
    		Gold (1969)
      • Montérégie
        • Rouville RCM
          • Mont Saint-Hilaire
    		Tschernich, R. (1992): Zeolites of the World, p.52
      • Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean
        • Le Fjord-du-Saguenay RCM
          • Saint-Honoré
    		Currie (1976) GSC Bulletin 239, 109-110
    • Yukon Territory
    China
     
    • Liaoning Province (Manchuria; Dongbei Region)
      • Dandong Prefecture
        • Fengcheng Co.
    		http://geopubs.wr.usgs.gov/open-file/of02-189/of02-189.xls
    Colombia
     
    • Vaupés Department
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Central Bohemia Region
        • Rakovník (Rakonitz)
          • Čistá
    		No reference listed
    Democratic Republic of Congo (Zaïre)
     
    • Kivu
    		No reference listed
    Finland
     
    • Oulun (Oulu) Lääni
      • Kuusamo
    Germany
     
    • Rhineland-Palatinate
      • Eifel Mts
        • Laach lake volcanic complex
          • Kruft
    		Brauns, R. ; Uhlig, J., Cancrinit- und Nephelin-führende Auswürflinge aus dem Laacher See Gebiet, N.Jb. Mineral.Geol.Paläonolog., Beil. Band 56, Abt. A, 468-498, 1913
          • Mendig
            • Niedermendig
    		Brauns, R. ; Uhlig, J., Cancrinit- und Nephelin-führende Auswürflinge aus dem Laacher See Gebiet, N.Jb. Mineral.Geol.Paläonolog., Beil. Band 56, Abt. A, 468-498, 1913
    Brauns, R. ; Uhlig, J., Cancrinit- und Nephelin-führende Auswürflinge aus dem Laacher See Gebiet, N.Jb. Mineral.Geol.Paläonolog., Beil. Band 56, Abt. A, 468-498, 1913)
              • Wingertsberg Mt.
    		Brauns, R. ; Uhlig, J., Cancrinit- und Nephelin-führende Auswürflinge aus dem Laacher See Gebiet, N.Jb. Mineral.Geol.Paläonolog., Beil. Band 56, Abt. A, 468-498, 1913
          • Niederzissen
            • Glees
    		Brauns, R. ; Uhlig, J., Cancrinit- und Nephelin-führende Auswürflinge aus dem Laacher See Gebiet, N.Jb. Mineral.Geol.Paläonolog., Beil. Band 56, Abt. A, 468-498, 1913
        • Niederzissen
          • Glees
    		Blass, G., Graf , HW., Neue Mineralienfunde aus der Vulkaneifel, MW 1/2001
        • Rieden volcano
          • Mayen
            • Ettringen
    		Blass, G., Graf , HW., Neufunde von bekannten Fundorten (19. Folge), MW 5/1997
    • Schleswig-Holstein
      • Kiel
    		A. Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", Schweizerbart (Stuttgart), 2001
    Greenland
     
    • Kitaa (West Greenland) Province
      • Arsuk
        • Arsuk Firth
          • Ivittuut (Ivigtut)
            • Ikka Firth (Ika fjord)
    		No reference listed
      • Narsaq
    		[Mineralogical Record - Vol 24 No 2]
    • Tunu (East Greenland) Province
      • Kangerlussuaq Firth
        • Kangerlussuaq complex
    		MinRec 16:485-494
    http://www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/green.htm
    Guinea
     
    Italy
     
    • Campania
      • Naples Province
        • Somma-Vesuvius Complex
    		[Lapis 1994:5 p.13-23,58]
    • Latium
      • Viterbo Province
        • Vico Lake
    		No reference listed
    • Tuscany
      • Grosseto Province
    Liotti L., 1991. I minerali dei vulcani laziali a Pitigliano (Grosseto). Riv. Mineral. Ital., 15 (3): 121-139.
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Chugoku Region
        • Hiroshima prefecture
    		Kusachi & Henmi (1990) Koubutsu-Gakkai Kou'en-Youshi, 97.
    Kazakhstan
     
    • Soltüstik Qazaqstan Oblysy (Severo-Kazakhstanskaya Oblast'; Northern-Kazakhstan Oblast')
    Kyrgyzstan
     
    Malawi
     
    • Chitipa District
      • Songwe Complex
    Mali
     
    • Kidal Region
    		Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189.
    Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189.
    Mexico
     
    • Coahuila
      • Mun. de Sierra Mojada
        • Sierra Mojada
    		Mineralogical Magazine 1964 33 : 841-852
    Mongolia
     
    • Dornogovi Aimag
      • Hövsgöl
    		Kynický, J. & Samec, P. (2005): Hydrothermally-metasomatic and exsolution-like mineralization of the carbonatites from selected localities at Gobi. Mongolian Geoscientist. sv. 9, č. 27, s. 52-55.
    Morocco
     
    • Meknès-Tafilalet Region
      • Khénifra Province
        • High Atlas Mts
          • Tamazeght complex
    Namibia
     
    • Hardap Region
      • Great Namaqualand
    		Jour Pet 39:2123-2136
    • Khomas Region
      • Windhoek District
        • Windhoek
          • Aris
    		von Knorring, O. and Franke, W. (1987): A preliminary note on the mineralogy and geochemistry of the Aris phonolite, SWA/Namibia. Comm. Geol. Surv. S.W.Africa (Namibia) 3, 61. ; Wartha, R., Palfi, A., Niedermayr, G., Brandstätter, F. and Petersen, O. V. (2001): Der Aris-Phonolith-Komplex und seine Mineralien. In Bahmann, U. and A. (Eds.), Namibia – Zauberwelt edler Steine und Kristalle, Bode-Verlag, Haltern, Germany, pp. 172-179. (in German); [http://www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/aris.htm]
    • Kunene Region
      • Swartbooisdrif
        • Orotumba
    		von Seckendorff, V., Drüppel, K., Okrusch, M., Cook, N.J., and Littmann, S. (2000): Mineralium Deposita 35, 430-450.
    • Otjozondjupa Region
      • Otjiwarongo District
    		Orris, G.J., and Grauch, R.I. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-189.
    New Zealand
     
    • South Island
    		Railton, G.L. & Watters, W.A., Minerals of New Zealand, New Zealand Geological Survey Bull. #104 (1990).
      • Otago
    		Railton, G.L. & Watters, W.A., Minerals of New Zealand, New Zealand Geological Survey Bull. #104 (1990).
      • West Coast (Westland)
    		Railton, G.L. & Watters, W.A., Minerals of New Zealand, New Zealand Geological Survey Bull. #104 (1990).
    Norway
     
    • Finnmark
      • Alta
      • Hasvik
        • Sørøya
    		Michalsen, A. (2000): Forekomster av mineraler og naturstein på Sørøya. STEIN 27 (2), 4-11
    • Telemark
      • Porsgrunn
        • Mørje
          • Sagåsen (Strandåsen)
    		Andersen, F.,Berge, S.A. & Burvald, I. (1996): Die Mineralien des Langesundsfjords und des umgebenden Larvikit-Gebietes, Oslo-Region, Norwegen. MineralienWelt 7(4):21-100
    A. O. Larsen, A. Åsheim and R. A. Gault, 2005.
    • Troms
      • Ringvassøy
    		Bøe, P. (2000): En gang av alkaline bergarter i Mikkelvik, Ringvassøy i Troms. Bergverksmuseets Skrift 17, 71-79
    • Vestfold
      • Larvik
        • Hedrum
          • Lågendalen
    		Knut Edvard Larsen collection
        • Langesundsfjorden
          • Arøya (Arö; Store Arøya)
    		Brøgger, W.C. (1890): Die Mineralien der Syenitpegmatitgänge der südnorwegischen Augit-und Nephelinsyenite. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie und Mineralogie 16. p. 61-64
          • Barkevik (Barkevika)
    		Scheerer, T. (1864): Über den Astrophyllit und sein Verhältnis zu Augit und Glimmer im Zirkonsyenit, nebst Bemerkungen über die plutonische Entstehung, Annalen der Physik und Chemie, Vol. 198 (2/122), 107-138
    Andersen, F.,Berge, S.A. & Burvald, I. (1996): Die Mineralien des Langesundsfjords und des umgebenden Larvikit-Gebietes, Oslo-Region, Norwegen. MineralienWelt 7(4):21-100
        • Tvedalen
    Engvoldsen,T.,Andersen, F.,Berge, S.A. & Burvald, I. (1991): Pegmatittmineraler fra Larvik ringkompleks. STEIN 18(1),15-71
    Collection of Peter Andresen.
    Andersen, F.,Berge, S.A. & Burvald, I. (1996): Die Mineralien des Langesundsfjords und des umgebenden Larvikit-Gebietes, Oslo-Region, Norwegen. MineralienWelt 7(4):21-100
    Collection of Peter Andresen.
    Romania
     
    • Harghita Co.
      • Ditrau
    		http://www.geol.vt.edu/research/gsrs/gsrs2005/Abstracts/afall%201115AM%20F.doc
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Prebaikalia (Pribaikal'e)
        • Irkutskaya Oblast'
          • Tounkinsk Mts
    		Dana 6: 428.
      • Saha Republic (Sakha Republic; Yakutia)
      • Tuva Republic
        • Sangilen Upland
    		Kapustin, Y. L., & Bykova, A. V. (1965). First find of hiortdahlite in the USSR. Doklady Akad. Nauk SSSR, 161, 121-124.
    • Northern Region
      • Murmanskaja Oblast'
        • Kola Peninsula
          • Afrikanda
    		www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/afri.htm
          • Khibiny Massif
    		[World of Stones 95:5-6, p64]
            • Kukisvumchorr Mt
    		Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
    http://maurice.strahlen.org/kola/khibiny.htm
            • Rypnetsk Mt.
    		Pavel M. Kartashov data
    Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
          • Kovdor Massif
    		[World of Stones 95:5-6, p64]
    N.V. Chukanov et al.: Zap. Vses. Mineral. Obshch. 133(1):59-72 (2004)
    www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/lovo.htm
    Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
    Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
          • Turii Cape
    		www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/tury.htm
    • Urals Region
      • Southern Urals
        • Chelyabinsk Oblast'
          • Ilmen Mts
    		Handbook of Mineralogy - Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
    P.M. Kartashov data
    P.M. Kartashov data
    Somaliland
     
    • Hargeisa (Hargeysa)
      • Borama District
        • Darkainle complex
    		Mineralogical Magazine 1964 33 : 1057-1065.
    South Africa
     
    • Northwest Province
      • Western Bushveld Complex
        • Rustenburg District
    		Minerals of South Africa
    Sweden
     
    • Dalarna
      • Älvdalen
        • Särna
    		No reference listed
    GFF (1923) 45, 295-334
    • Jämtland
    		No reference listed
    • Medelpad
      • Sundsvall
    		No reference listed
    • Östergötland
      • Ödeshög
        • Norra Kärr
    • Uppland
      • Uppsala
        • Almunge
    		GFF 34, 700
    Tajikistan
     
    • Region of Republican Subordination
      • Tien Shan Mts
        • Alai (Alayskiy) Range
    		http://www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/dara.htm
    Uganda
     
    • Mbale District
    		Sutherland, D.S. (1969): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 24, 114-135.
    UK
     
    • England
      • Cornwall
        • St Just District
          • Southern Penwith Peninsula
            • Sennen
    		No reference listed
    • Scotland
      • North West Highlands (Sutherland)
        • Assynt
          • Loch Borrolan
    		Handbook of Mineralogy - Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols
    USA
     
    • Arkansas
      • Hot Spring Co.
      • Pulaski Co.
        • Little Rock
    • California
      • Humboldt Co.
        • Orick District
          • Orick
    		W. S. Wise (2006) research at UCSB; American Mineralogist: (1983) 68: 245-254.
    • Colorado
      • Fremont Co.
        • Iron Mountain complex
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
      • Gunnison Co.
        • White Earth District (Powderhorn District)
    		"Minerals of Colorado, updated & revised", p. 17, by Eckel, Edwin B., 1997
    • Maine
      • Kennebec Co.
        • Litchfield
    		No reference listed
        • Monmouth
    		King & Foord, 1994. Mineralogy of Maine, Vol.1, p.72
        • West Gardiner
    		Handbook of Mineralogy - Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols
      • York Co.
        • Shapleigh
    		No reference listed
    • Massachusetts
      • Essex Co.
    		Emerson, 1917. Geology of Massachusetts and Rhode Island, p.197-198
    Gleba, 1978. Massachusetts Mineral & Fossil Localities
    Gleba, 1978. Massachusetts Mineral & Fossil Localities
    Emerson, B.K. Geology of Massachusetts and Rhode Island, 1917. (USGS Bulletin 597), p.197-198.
    • Montana
      • Hill Co.
    • New Hampshire
      • Carroll Co.
        • Moultonborough
    		Woolley, A.R. (1987), Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World
    • New Jersey
      • Hunterdon Co.
        • Brookville
    		Jour. Petrology:10(2):211 (1969).
      • Sussex Co.
        • Frankford Township
          • Wykertown
    		Am.Min.: 35: 500-507 (1950), Milton, C. & Davidson, N.: 500
        • Wantage Township
          • Libertyville
    		Rutgers University Bull. #5, Ptar 1: 53-54.
    • New Mexico
      • Colfax Co.
        • Springer
          • Point of Rocks Mesa (Pecks Mesa)
    		Handbook of Mineralogy - Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols
    • Pennsylvania
      • Bucks Co.
        • Point Pleasant
    		Reed, Juliet C. (1976), Annotated Biblio. of Minerals New to the Pennsylvania List 1965-1974, The Mineralogical Society of PA, Inc.: 22-23; Grant, R.W. (Apr, 1971) PA Mins. (PM) (99), Keystone Newsletter; Grant (Feb & Mar 1973) PM (122 & 123), Keystone Ne
    • Vermont
      • Rutland Co.
        • Shrewsbury
    		Woolley (1987), Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World.
    Rocks & Min. Vol. 71, (1996)
    Rocks & Min. Vol. 71, (1996)
    • Washington
      • San Juan Co.
    		Cannon, B. (1975): Minerals of Washington, p.66
    • Wisconsin
        • Stettin pluton
    		R&M 73:11-12 pp 378-399 Wisconsin Mineral Locality Index
    Mineral and/or Locality
    Google
     
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