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Carbonate-rich Hydroxylapatite

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Big Photo

White Elephant Mine, Cicero Peak, Pringle, Custer District, Custer Co., South Dakota, USA
© Dick Dionne

Show Carbonate-rich Hydroxylapatite Photos (22)



Formula:
Ca
 
5
(PO
 
4
,CO
 
3
)
 
3
(OH,O)
System:HexagonalHardness:5
Name:Named from the Greek word meaning "to deceive"
A variety of Hydroxylapatite

Apatite Group.

A hydroxylapatite with carbonate group (CO3) substituting for some of the phosphate (PO4) group.

Originally reported from Ødegården Mine (Ødegaarden Mine), Ødegården field, Bamble, Telemark, Norway.

Classification of Carbonate-rich Hydroxylapatite

IMA status:Discredited 2008
Explanation of status:Original name 'Carbonate-hydroxylapatite' discredited in 2008.
Strunz 8th edition ID:7/B.39-40
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:8.BN.05

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
B : Phosphates, etc., with additional anions, without H2O
N : With only large cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 = 0.33:1
Hey's CIM Ref.:22.4.3

22 : Phosphates, Arsenates or Vanadates with other Anions
4 : Phosphates, arsenates or vanadates with carbonate
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Physical Properties of Carbonate-rich Hydroxylapatite

Hardness (Mohs):5

Crystallography of Carbonate-rich Hydroxylapatite

Crystal System:Hexagonal
Cell Parameters:a = 9.3Å, c = 6.92Å
Ratio:a:c = 1 : 0.744
Unit Cell Volume:V 518.33 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Optical Data of Carbonate-rich Hydroxylapatite

Type:Uniaxial (-)
RI values: nω = 1.603 - 1.628 nε = 1.598 - 1.619
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.005 - 0.009

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Moderate

Chemical Properties of Carbonate-rich Hydroxylapatite

Formula:
Ca
 
5
(PO
 
4
,CO
 
3
)
 
3
(OH,O)
Essential elements:Ca, H, O, P
All elements listed in formula:C, Ca, H, O, P

Relationship of Carbonate-rich Hydroxylapatite to other Species

Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
8.BN.05Alforsite
Ba
 
5
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
Cl
8.BN.05Belovite-(Ce)
NaCeSr
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
F
8.BN.05Carbonate-rich Fluorapatite
Ca
 
5
(PO
 
4
,CO
 
3
)
 
3
(F,O)
8.BN.05Chlorapatite
Ca
 
5
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
Cl
8.BN.05Mimetite-M
Pb
 
5
(AsO
 
4
)
 
3
Cl
8.BN.05Johnbaumite-M
Ca
 
5
(AsO
 
4
)
 
3
OH
8.BN.05Fluorapatite
Ca
 
5
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
F
8.BN.05Hedyphane
Pb
 
3
Ca
 
2
(AsO
 
4
)
 
3
Cl
8.BN.05Hydroxylapatite
Ca
 
5
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
8.BN.05Johnbaumite
Ca
 
5
(AsO
 
4
)
 
3
OH
8.BN.05Mimetite
Pb
 
5
(AsO
 
4
)
 
3
Cl
8.BN.05Morelandite
Ca
 
2
Ba
 
3
(AsO
 
4
)
 
3
Cl
8.BN.05Pyromorphite
Pb
 
5
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
Cl
8.BN.05Fluorstrophite
SrCaSr
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
F
8.BN.05Svabite
Ca
 
5
(AsO
 
4
)
 
3
F
8.BN.05Turneaureite
Ca
 
5
(AsO
 
4
)
 
3
Cl
8.BN.05Vanadinite
Pb
 
5
(VO
 
4
)
 
3
Cl
8.BN.05Belovite-(La)
NaLaSr
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
F
8.BN.05Deloneite
(Na
 
0.5
REE
 
0.25
Ca
 
0.25
)(Ca
 
0.75
REE
 
0.25
)Sr
 
1.5
(CaNa
 
0.25
REE
 
0.25
)(PO
 
4
)
 
3
F
 
0.5
(OH)
 
0.5
8.BN.05Fluorcaphite
SrCaCa
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
F
8.BN.05Kuannersuite-(Ce)
NaCeBa
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
F
 
0.5
Cl
 
0.5
8.BN.05Hydroxylapatite-M
Ca
 
5
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
OH
8.BN.05Phosphohedyphane
Ca
 
2
Pb
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
Cl
8.BN.05Stronadelphite
Sr
 
5
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
F
8.BN.05Fluorphosphohedyphane
Ca
 
2
Pb
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
F
8.BN.05Miyahisaite
(Sr,Ca)
 
2
Ba
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
F
8.BN.10Arctite
Na
 
2
Ca
 
4
(PO
 
4
)
 
3
F
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
22.4.1Bradleyite
Na
 
3
Mg(CO
 
3
)(PO
 
4
)
22.4.2Kovdorskite
Mg
 
2
(PO
 
4
)(OH) · 3H
 
2
O
22.4.4Carbonate-rich Fluorapatite
Ca
 
5
(PO
 
4
,CO
 
3
)
 
3
(F,O)
22.4.5Tyrolite
Ca
 
2
Cu
 
9
(AsO
 
4
)
 
4
(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
8
 · 11H
 
2
O
22.4.6Heneuite
CaMg
 
5
(CO
 
3
)(PO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
22.4.7Girvasite
NaCa
 
2
Mg
 
3
(PO
 
4
)
 
2
(H
 
2
PO
 
4
)(CO
 
3
)(OH)
 
2
 · 4H
 
2
O
22.4.8Daqingshanite-(Ce)
(Sr,Ca,Ba)
 
3
(Ce,La)(CO
 
3
)
 
3-x
(PO
 
4
)(OH,F)
 
2x
22.4.9Gartrellite
Pb(Cu,Fe
3+
 
,Zn)
 
2
(AsO
 
4
,SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 2(H
 
2
O,OH)
22.4.10Voggite
Na
 
2
Zr(PO
 
4
)(CO
 
3
)(OH) · 2H
 
2
O
22.4.11Bonshtedtite
Na
 
3
Fe
2+
 
(CO
 
3
)(PO
 
4
)

Other Names for Carbonate-rich Hydroxylapatite

Synonyms:
Carbonate-hydroxylapatiteCarbonate-rich Apatite-(CaOH)Dahllite
Other Languages:
German:Carbonat-Hydroxylapatit
Varieties:
Ornithite

Other Information

Other Information:Soluble in HCl or in HNO3. Varieties containing CO3 may dissolve with slight effervescence.
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Carbonate-rich Hydroxylapatite

Reference List:

- +
Julien (1865) American Journal of Science: 40: 371 (as Ornithite).

Brögger and Bäckström (1888) Ak. Stockholm, Öfv.: 45: 493 (as Dahllite).

Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 879-889.

Internet Links for Carbonate-rich Hydroxylapatite

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    • Localities for Carbonate-rich Hydroxylapatite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • Tasmania
      • Bass Strait
    		http://www.crocoite.com/locationbulletins/part1/zeolites.pdf
    Austria
     
    • Carinthia
      • Koralpe
        • Moschkogel - Weinebene area
          • Brandrücken
    		W. Postl, F. Brandstätter, G. Niedermayr: Carinthia II 180./100.:248-251 (1990)
    • Vorarlberg
    		R. Exel: Die Mineralien und Erzlagerstätten Österreichs (1993)
    Bolivia
     
    • Potosí Department
      • Cerro Huañaquino
    		Alfredo Petrov (1997) Mineral News, 13, #4.
    • Santa Cruz Department
      • Velasco Province
    		No reference listed
    Brazil
     
    • Pernambuco
      • Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago (São Pedro and São Paulo archipelago)
    		Washington, H.S. (1929) The American Mineralogist, 14, 369-372.
    Canada
     
    • British Columbia
      • Omenica Mining Division
        • Francois Lake
    		http://www.connectionsmagazine.bc.ca/Past_Issue/spring%2002/geological.html
    • Northwest Territories
    		CanMIn 40:121-136
    • Québec
      • Estrie
        • Les Sources RCM
          • Asbestos
    		Normand (2001) Experimental and field investigation of serpentinization and rodingitization. unpublished Ph.D. thesis McGill University, Montreal, Quebec
    China
     
    • Hebei Province
      • Xingtai Prefecture
        • Xingtai Co.
    		Zhengmin Cao and Weijiong Zhu (1993): Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis 29(4)
    • Shaanxi Province
      • Hanzhong Prefecture
        • Hantai District
    		Hein, J.R., Fan, D., Ye, J., Liu, T., and Yeh, H.-W. (1999): Ore Geology Reviews 15(1), 95-134.
    Czech Republic
     
    • Moravia (Mähren; Maehren)
      • Olomouc Region
        • Javorník (Jauernig)
          • Horní Hostice
    		Pauliš, P., Novák, F., Ševců, J.: Sekundární minerály z uranového ložiska Jelení vrch u Horních Hoštic v Rychlebských horách. Acta Musei Moraviae, Scientiae geologicae, 2004, roč. 89, s. 121 - 138.
    Ethiopia
     
    • Sidamo-Borana Province
      • Lake Rudolf (Lake Turkana)
        • Lower Omo Valley
    		American Mineralogist, Vol. 64, 1979, pp. 169-171.
    France
     
    • Auvergne
      • Allier
        • Ébreuil
          • Échassières
    		G. Aubert : "Les coupoles granitiques de Montebras et d'Echassières (Massif Central Français) et la genèse de leur minéralisations (BRGM, 1969)
    G. Aubert : "Les coupoles granitiques de Montebras et d'Echassières (Massif Central Français) et la genèse de leur minéralisations (BRGM, 1969)
    • Limousin
      • Corrèze
        • Davignac
    		M.Deliens, C.Lheur, W.Peraud & D.Virlogeux (2004)- Les minéraux d'uranium du Boucheron, près de Davignac (Corrèze)- Le Cahier des Micromonteurs, n°84, pp 3-25.
    • Rhône-Alpes
      • Drôme
        • Clansayes
          • L'Eause
    		Ref.: G. Demarcq, 1973, "Guides Géologiques Régionaux : Lyonnais, Vallée du Rhône" , p. 124, Masson.
    G. Demarcq, 1973, "Guides Géologiques Régionaux : Lyonnais, Vallée du Rhône" , p. 124, Masson.
    Germany
     
    • Hesse
      • Wetzlar
        • Waldgirmes
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", 1990
    • North Rhine-Westphalia
      • Sauerland
        • Arnsberg
          • Hüsten
    		S. Weiß: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
      • Siegerland
        • Niederschelden
    		SCHNORRER, G. (1995): Mineralogische Neuheiten von bekannten deutschen Fundorten. Lapis 20 (12), 43-48; 62.
    • Saxony
      • Erzgebirge
        • Schneeberg District
          • Wolfgang Maaßen Mine field
    		Lapis 30(7/8):41-70 (2005)
    Greenland
     
    • Kitaa (West Greenland) Province
      • Narsaq
    		[Mineralogical Record - Vol 24 No 2]
    Hungary
     
    • Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén Co.
      • Szalonnai Mts.
        • Bódvarákó
    		Top. Min. Hun.: Minerals of Esztramos
    • Veszprém Co.
      • Bakony Mts.
        • Úrkút
          • Csárda Hill
    		Szakáll & Jánosi: Minerals of Hungary, 1995
    Indonesia
     
    • Jawa Island (Java Island)
      • Kebumen
        • Karang Bolong Mountains
    		Gunnar Farber
    Japan
     
    • Kyushu Region
      • Nansei Archipelago
        • Okinawa Prefecture
          • Daito Islands
    		Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
    Malta
     
    • Malta Island
      • Marfa Ridge
    Mexico
     
    • Chihuahua
      • Mun. de Aldama
    		Cross, B. & Culp Zeitner J. (2006), Geodes Natures Treasures, P.23
    • Durango
      • Mun. de Durango
        • Cerro de los Remedios
          • Victoria de Durango
    		No reference listed
    Namibia
     
    • Otjozondjupa Region
      • Grootfontein District
        • Kombat
    		No reference listed
    Netherlands
     
    • Limburg
      • Elsloo
    		T.G. Nijland, J.C. Zwaan, D. Visser, J. Leloux - De mineralen van Nederland - 2007
    T.G. Nijland, J.C. Zwaan, D. Visser, J. Leloux - De mineralen van Nederland - 2007
      • Hoensbroek
    		T.G. Nijland, J.C. Zwaan, D. Visser, J. Leloux - De mineralen van Nederland - 2007
      • Maastricht
        • Pietersberg
    		T.G. Nijland, J.C. Zwaan, D. Visser, J. Leloux - De mineralen van Nederland - 2007
      • Valkenburg
        • Ravensbos
    		T.G. Nijland, J.C. Zwaan, D. Visser, J. Leloux - De mineralen van Nederland - 2007
    • Overijssel
      • Denekamp
    		T.G. Nijland, J.C. Zwaan, D. Visser, J. Leloux - De mineralen van Nederland - 2007
      • Ootmarsum
    		T.G. Nijland, J.C. Zwaan, D. Visser, J. Leloux - De mineralen van Nederland - 2007
        • Kuiperberg
    		T.G. Nijland, J.C. Zwaan, D. Visser, J. Leloux - De mineralen van Nederland - 2007
    T.G. Nijland, J.C. Zwaan, D. Visser, J. Leloux - De mineralen van Nederland - 2007
    T.G. Nijland, J.C. Zwaan, D. Visser, J. Leloux - De mineralen van Nederland - 2007
    T.G. Nijland, J.C. Zwaan, D. Visser, J. Leloux - De mineralen van Nederland - 2007
    Norway
     
    • Telemark
      • Bamble (Bamle)
    		Brögger, W. C and Bäckström, H. (1888): Über den "Dahllit", ein neues mineral von Ödegården, Bamle, Norwegen. Öfversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Förhandlingar (Stockholm) 1888 (7),1-4. (Neumann, H. (1985): Norges Mineraler. Norges geologiske Undersøkelse Skrifter 68, pp. 123-124); (Science 155, 1977, 1409); Nickel & Nichols (1991, "Mineral Reference Manual" p35).;
    Romania
     
    • Caraş-Severin Co.
      • Banat Mts
        • Locva Mts (Locvei Mts)
    		Onac, B.P., Zaharia, L., Kearns, J. & Veres, D. (2007): Vashegyite from Gaura cu Musca Cave (Locvei Mountains, Romania): a new and rare phosphate occurrence. International J. of Speleology, 35, 67-73.
    • Hunedoara Co.
      • Hunedoara
    		Dumitras, D.-G., Constantinescu, E., Marincea, S., and Bourgier, V. (2005): Proceedings of the Annual Scientific Session of The Geological Society of Romania, Rosia Montana, 20-21 May 2005, 31-36.
    Russia
     
    • Northern Region
      • Murmanskaja Oblast'
        • Kola Peninsula
          • Khibiny Massif
    		Pekov, I.V. & Podlesnyi, A.S. (2004): Kukisvumchorr Deposit: Mineralogy of Alkaline Pegmatites and Hydrotermalites. Mineralogical Almanac, vol. 7, 140 pages + xxiv photo's pages
    www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/lovo.htm
    • Urals Region
      • Southern Urals
        • Chelyabinsk Oblast'
          • Kamensk-Ural'skii
    		N.A. Grigoriev, Zap. Vses. Mineral. Ob. , 1964, 93 (2), 156.
    Saudi Arabia
     
    • Mintaqah Makkah
    		Saudi Geological Survey Open-File Report SGS-OF-2004-12, 68 p.
    Slovakia
     
    • Prešov Region
      • Prešov Co.
        • Vyšná Šebastová
    		Povondra P., Skála R., Chapman R., 2007: Hydrotermal assemblage of Cl-,F- and OH-bearing apatite-group minerals from Maglovec near Prešov, Slovakia. Canadian Mineralogist, 45, 1355-1366.
    Spain
     
    • Catalonia
      • Barcelona
        • Baix Llobregat
          • Gavà
            • Bruguers
    		Christoph Boutry and Rui Nunes specimens
        • Vallès Occidental
          • Montcada i Reixac
    		Rosell, J. & Garrido, J.L. (2006) The minerals of Montcada Hill Quarry. Mineral Up, 2006/2, 16-20.
    Sweden
     
    • Lappland
      • Kiruna
    		Flink, G. Bidrag till Malmbergsgruvornas och Kirunavaaras Mineralogi (Sthlm 1924, in Swedish)
    • Medelpad
      • Sundsvall
        • Alnö
          • Ås
    		Eckermann, H. von (1948): The Alkaline District of Alnö Island. Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning. Serie Ca 36, 176 pp
    Thailand
     
    • Lamphun Province
    		Mineralogical Magazine 1988 52 : 505-508
    Ukraine
     
    • Crimea Oblast'
      • Crimea peninsula
        • Bakhchisaray area
          • Skalistoye Village
    		Dvoichenko P.A. The minerals of Crimea (1914) - Zapiski Krymskogo obshchestva estestvoispytatelei (Proceeding of the Crimea Society of Naturalistes), 1914, vol. 4, p. 1-208 (Rus.) - Popov S.P. Mineralogy of the Crimea (1938). - M.-L., AN SSSR, 1938, 352 p. (Rus.)
        • Belogorsk area
    		Alexander I. Tischenko (1996). Minerals of the Crimea. - World of stones, 1996, #9, p.9 - 18.
    [Specimen in the Natural History Museum, London]
    USA
     
    • Alaska
      • Valdez-Cordova Borough
        • Chisana District
    		U. S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 02-195
    • Arkansas
      • Montgomery Co.
        • Fancy Hill District
          • Caddo Gap
    		Econ Geol (1987) 82:1377-1385
    • California
      • Humboldt Co.
        • Coastal Range
    		Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 78.
    • Colorado
      • Gunnison Co.
        • Goose Creek District
    		Page, L. R.; Stocking, H. E.; Smith, H. B. (1956) Contributions to the geology of uranium and thorium by the United States Geological Survey and Atomic Energy Commission for the United Nations International Conference on Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy, Geneva, Switzerland, 1955. USGS Professional Paper 300 pp587-592.
        • White Earth District (Powderhorn District)
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    • Maine
      • Oxford Co.
        • Paris
    		No reference listed
        • Rumford
    		Scott Soucey and Tim Blake specimens
    • Michigan
      • Dickinson Co.
        • Menominee iron range
          • Randville
    		Mineralogy of Michigan (2004) Heinrich & Robinson
    • Nevada
      • Esmeralda Co.
        • Candelaria District (Columbus District)
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
      • Humboldt Co.
        • Buffalo Mountain District
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
      • Nye Co.
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
        • Tonopah District
    		Am.Jour.Sci., 4th ser., 33, 475-482 (1921)
    NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    • New Hampshire
      • Grafton Co.
        • Groton
    		No reference listed
    • North Carolina
      • Cleveland Co.
        • Kings Mountain District
      • Gaston Co.
        • Bessemer City
    		Magma Field Trip Reports
    • South Dakota
      • Custer Co.
        • Custer District
          • Fourmile
    		Mineralogical Record: 17: 237-254; Rocks & Minerals: 60: 117.
      • Pennington Co.
        • Keystone District
          • Keystone
    		R&M 75:3 pp 156-169
    USGS Prof Paper 297A
    • Wyoming
      • Big Horn Co.
    		Dahllite pseudomorphs after pyrite concretions from Big Horn Basin, Wyoming RS Mitchell… - American Mineralogist, 1958
    AmMin 20:693
    Venezuela
     
    • Miranda
    		Urbani, 1997. Bol. Soc. Venezolana de Espeleología, no.30.
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    Copyright © Jolyon Ralph and Ida Chau 1993-2013. Site Map. Locality, mineral & photograph data are the copyright of the individuals who submitted them. Further information contact the Site hosted & developed by Jolyon Ralph. Mindat.org is an online information resource dedicated to providing free mineralogical information to all. Mindat relies on the contributions of hundreds of members and supporters. Mindat does not offer minerals for sale. If you would like to add information to improve the quality of our database, then click here to register.
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