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Carrollite

Big Photo

Kamoya South II Mine (Kamoya Sud Mine; Kamoya South Mine), Kamoya, Kambove, Central area, Katanga Copper Crescent, Katanga (Shaba), Democratic Republic of Congo (Zaïre)
© Peter Haas

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Formula:
Cu(Co,Ni)
 
2
S
 
4
System:IsometricColour:Light Grey to Steel Grey
Lustre:MetallicHardness:4½ - 5½
Name:After the type locality in Carroll County, Maryland, USA.


Thiospinel Group

Classification of Carrollite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Explanation of status:In a study of the mines in Carroll County, Candelia et al Econ Geol (1989) 84:663-675 found no carrollite although the cobalt bearing minerals siegenite and cobaliferous pyrite were found.
Strunz 8th edition ID:2/D.01-40
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:2.DA.05

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
D : Metal Sulfides, M: S = 3 :4 and 2:3
A : M:S = 3:4
Dana 8th edition ID:2.10.1.2

2 : SULFIDES
10 : AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 3:4
Hey's CIM Ref.:3.10.18

3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
10 : Sulphides etc. of Co
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Type Occurrence of Carrollite

Type Locality:Patapsco mine (Patapsco Mines; Finksburg Mine; Wildesen Mine; Orchard Mine), Finksburg, Sykesville, Carroll Co., Maryland, USA

Occurrences of Carrollite

Geological Setting:In hydrothermal vein deposits

Physical Properties of Carrollite

Lustre:Metallic
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Opaque
Colour:Light Grey to Steel Grey
Comment:Tarnishes to copper red or violet grey
Hardness (Mohs):4½ - 5½
Hardness (Vickers):VHN100=507 - 586 kg/mm2
Cleavage:Imperfect/Fair
Imperfect on {001}
Fracture:Irregular/Uneven, Sub-Conchoidal
Density (measured):4.5 - 4.8 g/cm3
Density (calculated):4.83 g/cm3

Crystallography of Carrollite

Crystal System:Isometric
Class (H-M):m3m (4/m 3 2/m) - Hexoctahedral
Space Group:Fd3m (F41/d 3 2/m)
Cell Parameters:a = 9.458Å
Unit Cell Volume:V 846.05 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:8
Morphology:Octahedral crystals, massive, granular, compact
Twinning:{111} polysynthetic
X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
Image Loading

Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Horizontal Axis: ° to ° Vertical Axis: % Source Data: Filtered Data: Peaks:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Optical Data of Carrollite

Type:Isotropic

Chemical Properties of Carrollite

Formula:
Cu(Co,Ni)
 
2
S
 
4
Essential elements:Co, Cu, S
All elements listed in formula:Co, Cu, Ni, S

Relationship of Carrollite to other Species

Related to:
  • Thiospinel Group
    • Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

    - +
    2.DA.05Bornhardtite
    Co
    2+
     
    		Co
    3+
    2
    		Se
     
    4
    2.DA.05Cuproiridsite
    (Cu,Fe)Ir
     
    2
    		S
     
    4
    2.DA.05Cuprorhodsite
    (Cu,Fe)Rh
     
    2
    		S
     
    4
    2.DA.05Daubréelite
    Fe
    2+
     
    		Cr
    3+
    2
    		S
     
    4
    2.DA.05Fletcherite
    Cu(Ni,Co)
     
    2
    		S
     
    4
    2.DA.05Florensovite
    (Cu,Zn)Cr
     
    1.5
    		Sb
     
    0.5
    		S
     
    4
    2.DA.05Greigite
    Fe
    2+
     
    		Fe
    3+
    2
    		S
     
    4
    2.DA.05Indite
    FeIn
     
    2
    		S
     
    4
    2.DA.05Kalininite
    ZnCr
     
    2
    		S
     
    4
    2.DA.05Linnaeite
    Co
    2+
     
    		Co
    3+
    2
    		S
     
    4
    2.DA.05Malanite
    Cu(Pt
    3+
     
    		,Ir
    3+
     
    		)
     
    2
    		S
     
    4
    2.DA.05Polydymite
    Ni
    2+
     
    		Ni
    3+
    2
    		S
     
    4
    2.DA.05Siegenite
    from CoNi
     
    2
    		S
     
    4
    		 to NiCo
     
    2
    		S
     
    4
    2.DA.05Trüstedtite
    Ni
     
    3
    		Se
     
    4
    2.DA.05Tyrrellite
    Cu(Co
    3+
     
    		,Ni
    3+
     
    		)
     
    2
    		Se
     
    4
    2.DA.05Violarite
    Fe
    2+
     
    		Ni
    3+
    2
    		S
     
    4
    2.DA.05Xingzhongite
    (Pb,Cu,Fe)(Ir,Pt,Rh)
     
    2
    		S
     
    4
    2.DA.05Ferrorhodsite
    (Fe,Cu)(Rh,Ir,Pt)
     
    2
    		S
     
    4
    2.DA.05Cadmoindite
    CdIn
     
    2
    		S
     
    4
    2.DA.10Rhodostannite
    Cu
     
    2
    		FeSn
     
    3
    		S
     
    8
    2.DA.10Toyohaite
    Ag
     
    2
    		FeSn
     
    3
    		S
     
    8
    2.DA.15Brezinaite
    Cr
     
    3
    		S
     
    4
    2.DA.15Heideite
    (Fe,Cr)
     
    1.15
    		(Ti,Fe)
     
    2
    		S
     
    4
    2.Da.15Wilkmanite
    Ni
     
    3
    		Se
     
    4
    2.DA.20Inaglyite
    Cu
     
    3
    		Pb(Ir,Pt)
     
    8
    		S
     
    16
    2.DA.20Konderite
    Cu
     
    3
    		Pb(Rh,Pt,Ir)
     
    8
    		S
     
    16
    2.DA.25Kingstonite
    (Rh,Ir,Pt)
     
    3
    		S
     
    4
    Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

    - +
    3.10.1Cobaltpentlandite
    (Co,Ni,Fe)
     
    9
    		S
     
    8
    3.10.2Linnaeite
    Co
    2+
     
    		Co
    3+
    2
    		S
     
    4
    3.10.3Cattierite
    CoS
     
    2
    3.10.4Freboldite
    CoSe
    3.10.5Bornhardtite
    Co
    2+
     
    		Co
    3+
    2
    		Se
     
    4
    3.10.6Trogtalite
    CoSe
     
    2
    3.10.7Hastite
    CoSe
     
    2
    3.10.8Mattagamite
    CoTe
     
    2
    3.10.9Modderite
    (Co,Fe)As
    3.10.10Safflorite
    (Co,Fe,Ni)As
     
    2
    3.10.11Clinosafflorite
    (Co,Fe,Ni)As
     
    2
    3.10.12Skutterudite
    (Co,Fe,Ni)As
     
    2-3
    3.10.13Cobaltite
    CoAsS
    3.10.14Paracostibite
    CoSbS
    3.10.15Costibite
    CoSbS
    3.10.16Alloclasite
    (Co
     
    0.65
    		Fe
     
    0.35
    		)AsS - CoAsS
    3.10.17Glaucodot
    (Co
     
    0.50
    		Fe
     
    0.50
    		)AsS

    Other Names for Carrollite

    Synonyms:
    CarroliteCorroliteSychnodymite
    Other Languages:
    German:Carrolit
    Carrollit
    Corrolit
    Russian:Карролит
    Spanish:Carrolita
    Carrollita
    Corrolita

    Other Information

    Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
    Industrial Uses:Cobalt ore

    References for Carrollite

    Reference List:Faber (1852), American Journal of Science: 13: 418.

    Laspeyres (1891), Zeitschrift für Kristallographie: 19: 17.

    De Jong, W.F. and Hoog, A. (1928) Carrollite (sychnodymite). Zeitschrift für Kristallographie: 66: 168-171.

    Palache, Charles, Harry Berman & Clifford Frondel (1944), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana Yale University 1837-1892, Volume I: Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York. 7th edition, revised and enlarged: 262-265.

    Mineralogical Magazine (1980): 43: 733.

    Wagner, T., and Cook, N.J. (1999): Carrollite and related minerals of the linnaeite group: solid solutions and
    nomenclature in light of new data from the Siegerland district, Germany. Canadian Mineralogist 37, 545–558.

    Internet Links for Carrollite

    Search Engines:
  • Look for Carrollite on Google
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    • External Links:
  • Look for Carrollite on Webmineral
  • Look for Carrollite on Athena Mineralogy
  • Look for Carrollite on Wikipedia
  • Look for Carrollite on Mineralien Atlas
  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Search for Carrollite in the Natural History Museum (London) online catalogue
  • Carrollite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
    • Mineral Dealers:
  • Wright's Rock Shop - excellent mineral specimens since 1970
  • Rare and Unusual minerals at Mineralogical Research Company
  • Find Carrollite on www.crystalclassics.co.uk
  • Buy from David K Joyce minerals
  • High-end worldwide specimens & outstanding customer service
  • Buy fine minerals and gemstones from Pala International
  • Search for - Carrollite - on e-Rocks Mineral Sales & Auctions
  • Wendel Minerals - Auktion & Shop
  • Buy Fine Minerals from mineralsweb.com
  • Lapis Mineral Magazin
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  • SpiriferMinerals.com - high quality specimens
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    Localities for Carrollite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • South Australia
      • Andamooka Ranges - Lake Torrens area
        • Roxby Downs
    		Davidson, G. J. et al. (2007): Economic Geology 102, 1471-1498.
        • Stuart Shelf area
          • Mt Gunson
    • Western Australia
      • Coolgardie Shire
        • Kambalda
    		Handbook of Mineralogy - Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols
    Austria
     
    • Carinthia
      • Karawanken Mts
        • Finkenstein
          • Mallestiger Mittagskogel Mt.
            • Neufinkenstein-Grabanz District
    		J. Taucher: Carinthia II 188./108.:377-392 (1998)
    Azerbaijan
     
    Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.
    Bulgaria
     
    • Pazardzhik (Pazardjik) Oblast
      • Srednogorie (Sredna Gora; Srdnia Gora) Region
        • Panagyurishte (Panagurishte) Obshchina
    		Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.
    Strashimirov, S., Petrunov, R., and Kanazirski, M. (2002): Mineralium Deposita 37, 587-598.; Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155
    Canada
     
    • British Columbia
      • Osoyoos Mining Division
        • Peachland
    		Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.
    • Ontario
      • Cochrane District
        • Kidd Township
          • Timmins
    		ontariominerals.com; Econ Geol (1997) 92:468-484
      • Kenora District
        • Pickle Lake
    Chile
     
    • Atacama Region
    		Handbook of Mineralogy - Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols
      • Huasco Province
        • Carrizal Alto district
    		A. H. Clark (1974): \"Hypogene and Superegene Cobalt-Copper sulfides, Carrizal Alto, Atacama, Chile\": AM, vol. 59, pp. 302-306
    China
     
    • Anhui Province
      • Chuzhou Prefecture
        • Langya District
    		Li, Y. and Qing, C.K. (1999): Acta Mineralogica Sinica 19, 426–435.
    • Hebei Province
      • Chengde Prefecture
        • Chengde Co.
          • Damiao village
    		Yu Zuxiang (1997): Acta Geologia Sinica 71(4), 329-331.
      • Tangshan Prefecture
        • Zunhua Co.
    		Yu Zuxiang (1981): Geological Review 27, 55-71.
    • Jiangxi Province
      • Shangrao Prefecture
        • Dexing Co.
    		Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.
    • Liaoning Province (Manchuria; Dongbei Region)
      • Chaoyang Prefecture
        • Chaoyang Co.
    		Fan, D., Ye, J., and Li, J. (1999): Ore Geology Reviews 15(1), 31-53.
    • Shanxi Province
      • Yuncheng Prefecture
        • Zhongtiao Mountains
          • Yuanqu Co.
    		http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1060/PorCu.txt
    • Sichuan Province
      • Ya'an Prefecture
        • Hanyuan Co.
    		Fan, D., Hein, J.R., and Ye, J. (1999): Ore Geology Reviews 15(1), 135-151.
    • Yunnan Province
      • Chuxiong Autonomous Prefecture
        • Wuding Co.
    		Yongbei Zhang, Shihua Sun, Chengyan Xu, Hao Wang, Chongsun Zhao, and Zhihua Zhu (2003): Resource Geology 53(4), 261-272.
    Czech Republic
     
    • Bohemia (Böhmen; Boehmen)
      • Liberec Region
    		Scharm, B.: Přehled minerálů nalezených v oblasti uranových koncentrací v severočeské křídě. Bulletin mineralogicko-petrografického oddělení Národního muzea v Praze, 1995, roč. 3, s. 169-172.
    Democratic Republic of Congo (Zaïre)
     
    • Katanga (Shaba)
      • Katanga Copper Crescent
        • Central area
          • Kambove
    		Gauthier, G., King, V., and Morgan, R., in press, Carrollite from Kamoya South II Mine.
    Gauthier, G., King, V., and Morgan, R., in press, Carrollite from Kamoya South II Mine.
    Gauthier, G., King, V., and Morgan, R., in press, Carrollite from Kamoya South II Mine.
            • Kamoya
    King, V. & R.L. Morgan (2005), Crystallograpy of Carrollite from the Kamoya South II mine, Democratic Republic of Congo, Rochester Mineralogical Symposium.
          • Katanga
    		Gauthier, G., King, V., and Morgan, R., in press, Carrollite from Kamoya South II Mine.
          • Shinkolobwe
    		Lapis 17(3), 13-40 (1992)
    Mineralogical Record: 20: 276.
    http://www.tenke.com/s/CopperCobaltDeposit.asp
        • Southern area
          • Lubumbashi (Elizabethville)
    		Gauthier, G., King, V., and Morgan, R., in press, Carrollite from Kamoya South II Mine.; Econ Geol (1988) 83:118-139
    No reference listed
        • Western area
          • Kolwezi
            • Kamoto
    		[MinRec 22:53, 22:54]; Mineralogical Record (2001) 32:252
    [www.johnbetts-fineminerals.com]
    Gauthier, G., King, V., and Morgan, R., in press, Carrollite from Kamoya South II Mine.
    Handbook of Mineralogy - Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols
    Lapis 17(3), 13-40 (1992)
      • Kipushi
    		No reference listed
    France
     
    • Corsica
      • Haute-Corse
        • Corte
          • Ghisoni
    		Fiche BSS BRGM n° 11183X4002/GT
    • Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
      • Hautes-Alpes
        • Saint-Véran
    		A. Sinojmeri, M. Ohnenstetter, Z. Johan : "Nouvelles données sur la clausthalite et les tellurures du gisement de Saint Véran (Hautes Alpes)", Bull. Soc. Fr. Minéral. Cristallogr. , 1987
    Germany
     
    • North Rhine-Westphalia
      • Siegerland
        • Eiserfeld
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
          • Kohlenbach Valley
    		Dana 6: 1049 & Dana 7:I:264.
        • Eisern
    		Weiss. "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
        • Gosenbach
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
    Weiss: Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", 1990
        • Siegen
          • Weidenau
    		Weiss: Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", 1990
    • Rhineland-Palatinate
      • Siegerland
        • Betzdorf
          • Schutzbach
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
        • Gebhardshain
          • Steinebach
    		S. Weiß: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
        • Wissen
          • Voßwinkel
    		Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", 1990
    Japan
     
    • Hokkaido Island
      • Hidaka Province
        • Samani-gun
          • Samani-cho
    		Rocks & Min.: 22:223.
    • Shikoku Island
      • Ehime Prefecture
        • Niihama
    		Handbook of Mineralogy - Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols
      • Kochi Prefecture
        • Tosa-gun
          • Okawa-mura
    		Handbook of Mineralogy - Anthony, Bideaux, Bladh, Nichols
    Morocco
     
    • Souss-Massa-Draâ Region
      • Ouarzazate Province
        • Tazenakht
    		S. Weiß: Lapis 31(7/8), 72-73 (2006)
    Namibia
     
    • Otjikoto (Oshikoto) Region
      • Tsumeb
    		[MinRec 8:Tsumeb 21]
    North Korea
     
    • North Hwanghae Province
      • Suan-gun
        • Hol Kol Mine (Holgol; Suan; Namjong)
    		Resource Geology, vol. 50, no. 4, 213-228, 2000
    Norway
     
    • Buskerud
      • Lier
        • Lierskogen
    		Ihlen (letter 13.11.81), Neumann (1985, p. 32).
    Ihlen (letter 13.11.81); Neumann (1985, p. 32).
      • Nedre Eiker
        • Narverud
    		Ihlen (letter 13.11.81), Neumann (1985, p. 32).
    • Finnmark
      • Alta
    		Vokes (1957b; 1967, p. 23); Neumann (1985, p. 32).
    Oman
     
    • Al Batinah (Ad Batinah) Region
      • Semail Ophiolite
        • Sohar
    Poland
     
    • Lower Silesia (Dolnośląskie)
      • Kaczawskie Mts
    		Paulo A. 1970: Minerały niklu i bizmutu w żyłach kruszcowych okolicy Chełmca (Góry Kaczawskie, Dolny Śląsk). Polska Akademia Nauk - Oddział w Krakowie, Komisja Nauk Mineralogicznych, Prace Mineralogiczne 24, 61-82
      • Legnica
        • Lubin District
    • Upper Silesia (Śląskie)
      • Zawiercie District
    		Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., and Moring, B.C. (2008): US Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1155.
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Saha Republic (Sakha Republic; Yakutia)
    		[World of Stones 12:49]
    • Far-Eastern Region
      • Primorskiy Kray
    		[MinRec 32:8]
    Slovakia
     
    • Žilina Region
      • Northern Low Tatra Mts
    		Ozdin D., Chovan M., 1999: New mineralogical and paragenetic knowledge about siderite veins in the vicinity of Vyšná Boca, Nízke Tatry Mts. Slov. Geol. Magazine, Bratislava, 5, 4, 255-271
    Sweden
     
    • Småland
      • Västervik
    		Arkiv Kemi, Min.Geol.(1924) 9/8, 17; CanMin 18, 165
      • Vetlanda
        • Fröderyd
    		M.Särkinen: Mineralogical-minerochemical investigation of Årset, Esprilla, and other sulphide mines in Fröderyd and Bäckaby parishes in Småland, Sweden. 1989
    • Södermanland
      • Nyköping
        • Tunaberg
    		Mineralogy and Petrology (1991) 44 (1-2), 1438-1168
    Mineralogy and Petrology (1991) 44 (1-2), 1438-1168
    • Värmland
      • Filipstad
        • Finnshytteberg ore field
    		No reference listed
      • Säffle
    		No reference listed
    • Västmanland
      • Skinnskatteberg
        • Riddarhyttan
    		No reference listed
    Switzerland
     
    • Wallis (Valais)
      • Anniviers Valley
        • Grimentz
    		Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Verlag Wepf & Co. (Basel), p. 255
    USA
     
    • Alaska
      • Northwest Arctic Borough
        • Shungnak District
          • Ruby Creek Prospect
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2008, Alaska Resource Data File (ARDF): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1225.
      • Yukon-Koyukuk Borough
        • Amber District
    		USGS
    • Colorado
      • San Miguel Co.
        • Ouray District (Uncompahgre District)
          • Telluride
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    • Maryland
      • Baltimore Co.
        • Bare Hills
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • Carroll Co.
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
        • Sykesville
          • Finksburg
    		Faber (1852); Dana 7:I:264; Min. Mag.:43:733 (1980).
    Dana 6:1071.
          • Louisville
    		Mines of the Washington D.C Area
    Dana 6: 1071; Rocks & Min.: 11:27, 121.
    • Missouri
      • Iron Co.
        • Viburnum Trend District
          • Bixby
    		Rocks & Min. Mar. 1998
      • Madison Co.
    		R&M 73:2 pp 98-117
      • Reynolds Co.
    		http://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2003NC/finalprogram/abstract_51354.htm.
          • Ellington
    		R&M 73:2 pp 98-117
    • Montana
      • Stillwater Co.
        • Nye
    		Natural History Museum Vienna collection
    • New Jersey
      • Sussex Co.
        • Franklin Mining District
          • Franklin
    		Burke, E.A.J.: (1983); Dunn(1995):Pt4:531.
    • Wisconsin
      • Rusk Co.
        • Ladysmith
    		www.uwrf.edu/~wc01/carrollite.htm
    Zambia
     
    • Copperbelt Province
      • Chingola
    		Econ Geol (1986) 81:1838-1852
    McGowan, Ross R.; Roberts, Stephen; Boyce, Adrian J. (2006): Origin of the Nchanga copper-cobalt deposits of the Zambian Copperbelt. Mineralium Deposita 40, 617-638.
      • Kitwe
        • Chambishi-Nkana Basin
    		Kamona, A.F., Lévêque, J., Friedrich, G., and Haack, U. (1999): Mineralium Deposita 34, 273-283.
        • Roan Basin
    		Kamona, A.F., Lévêque, J., Friedrich, G., and Haack, U. (1999): Mineralium Deposita 34, 273-283.
        • Rokana mine
    		Kamona, A.F., Lévêque, J., Friedrich, G., and Haack, U. (1999): Mineralium Deposita 34, 273-283.
    Mineral and/or Locality
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