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Bentonite

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Las Cañadas Del Teide, Tenerife, Santa Cruz de Tenerife Province, Canary Islands, Spain
© Martins da Pedra

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An impure clay, primarily montmorillonite.
Originally described from Fort Benton shales, Wyoming, USA.

Classification of Bentonite

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Other Names for Bentonite

Synonyms:
AmargositeOtayliteTaylorite (of Knight)
Other Languages:
Dutch:Bentoniet
Estonian:Bentoniit
French:Bentonite
German:Bentonit
Amargosit
Hebrew:בנטוניט
Hungarian:Bentonit
Indonesian:Bentonite
Italian:Bentonite
Persian:بنتونیت
Polish:Bentonit
Portuguese:Bentonita
Romanian:Bentonit
Russian:Бентонит
Simplified Chinese:润土
膨润土
Spanish:Bentonita
Amargosita
Swedish:Bentonit
Turkish:Bentonit
Ukrainian:Бентоніт
Varieties:
Sodian Bentonite

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Bentonite

Reference List:

- +
Grim, R.E. and N. Güven (1978), Bentonites. Geology, mineralogy, properties and uses: 143-155. Elsevier, Amsterdam.

Christidis, G.E. (1998), Comparative study of the mobility of major and trace elements during alteration of an andesite and a rhyolite to bentonite, in the islands of Milois and Kimolos, Aegean, Greece: Clays and Clay Minerals: 46: 379-399.

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    • Localities for Bentonite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    China
     
    • Gansu Province
      • Jinchang Prefecture
        • Jinchuan District
    		Hewei Zhang (1982): Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology 3(4), 57-63
    • Guangdong Province
      • Foshan Prefecture
        • Nanhai District
    		www.chinamining.org/Facts/2006-10-18/1161153179d1650.html
    • Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region
      • Chongzuo Prefecture
        • Ningming Co.
    		http://chinadatacenter.org/chinageography/chaptersectionview.asp?cid=3&sid=2
    • Hebei Province
      • Zhangjiakou Prefecture
        • Xuanhua Co.
    		Lu, A., Zhao, D., Li, J., Wang, C., and Qin, S. (2003): Mineralogical Magazine 67(6), 1243-1251.
    • Xinjiang Autonomous Region
      • Hami Prefecture (Kumul Prefecture; Qumul Prefecture)
        • Barkol Co. (Barköl Co.; Balikun Co.)
    		Lijin Wang, Laizhong Song, and Na Zhang (2006): Acta Mineralogica Sinica 26(1), 69-72
      • Tulufan Prefecture (Turfan Prefecture; Turpan Prefecture)
        • Tuokexun Co. (Toksun Co.; Toqsun Co.)
    		Yanling Tang (2005): Non-metallic deposits of Xinjiang, China [Zhongguo Xinjiang Fei Jinshu Kuangchuang]. Geological Publishing House (Beijing), 289 pp.
      • Yili Hasake Autonomous Prefecture (Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture)
        • Tacheng Prefecture (Tarbaghatay Prefecture)
          • Wusu Co. (Usu Co.)
    		Yanling Tang (2005): Non-metallic deposits of Xinjiang, China [Zhongguo Xinjiang Fei Jinshu Kuangchuang]. Geological Publishing House (Beijing), 289 pp.
    • Zhejiang Province
      • Hangzhou Prefecture
        • Lin'an Co.
    		[var: Sodian Bentonite] Mining Ann. Review (1985): 386.
    East Timor
    Geologia de Timor, Teodoro Soares, 2009
    Falkland Islands
     
    Italy
     
    • Latium
      • Latina Province
        • Ponza Island
    		E. Passaglia et al. , Eur. Journ. Mineral. , 1995, 7, pp. 429-438.
    Turkey
     
    • Central Anatolia Region
      • Ankara Province
    		Canbensan.com
    Uruguay
     
    Ibraim Ford, Marta Sergio (1989) Caracterización mineralógica y origen probable de la bentonita de Bañado de Medina, Fm Yaguarí, Ps
    USA
     
    • Alabama
      • Lowndes Co.
    		Rocks & Min 70:5 pp 320-333
    • Alaska
      • North Slope Borough
        • Colville District
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2008, Alaska Resource Data File (ARDF): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1225.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2008, Alaska Resource Data File (ARDF): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1225.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2008, Alaska Resource Data File (ARDF): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1225.
    • Arizona
      • Apache Co.
        • Allentown
    		Kiersch, G.A. (1955), Mineral resources Navajo-Hopi India reservations, Arizona-Utah, Vol. II, Univ. of AZ: 29; Peirce, H.W. (1990), AZ Geol. Sur. Industrial Minerals card file.
    Kiersch, G.A. (1955), Mineral resources Navajo-Hopi India reservations, Arizona-Utah, Vol. II, Univ. of AZ: 25; Peirce, H.W. (1990), AZ Geol. Sur. Industrial Minerals card file.
    Phillips, K.A. (1987), Arizona Industrial Minerals AZ Dept. of Mines and Mineral Resources Mineral Rpt. 4.
    Kiersch, G.A. (1955), Mineral resources Navajo-Hopi India reservations, Arizona-Utah, Vol. II, Univ. of AZ: 25; Peirce, H.W. (1990), AZ Geol. Sur. Industrial Minerals card file; Phillips, K.A. (1987), Arizona Industrial Minerals AZ Dept. of Mines and Mineral Resources Mineral Rpt. 4.
    Phillips, K.A. (1987), Arizona Industrial Minerals AZ Dept. of Mines and Mineral Resources Mineral Rpt. 4.
    Peirce, H.W. (1990), AZ Geol. Sur. Industrial Minerals card file; Phillips, K.A. (1987), Arizona Industrial Minerals AZ Dept. of Mines and Mineral Resources Mineral Rpt. 4.
    Phillips, K.A. (1987), Arizona Industrial Minerals AZ Dept. of Mines and Mineral Resources Mineral Rpt. 4.
    Peirce, H.W. (1990), AZ Geol. Sur. Industrial Minerals card file; Phillips, K.A. (1987), Arizona Industrial Minerals AZ Dept. of Mines and Mineral Resources Mineral Rpt. 4.
        • Sanders-Cheto District
    		MRDS database file No. 10060267.
        • Sanders-Defiance Plateau area
          • Cheto
    		Arizona Dept. of Mines and Mineral Resources (1989), Directory of active mines in AZ, incorporating sand and gravel operations - 1989-1990, AZ Dept. of Mines & Min. Resoruces Dir.; Arizona Dept. of Mines and Mineral Resources (1994), Directory of active mines in Arizona, incorporating sand and gravel operations - 1994, AZ Dept. of Mines & Min. Resources Dir. 42.
      • Cochise Co.
        • Benson
    		MRDS database Dep. ID file #10060146, MRDS ID #TC10103.
    MRDS database Dep. ID file #10064514, MRDS ID #TC38899.
      • Coconino Co.
    		Phillips, K.A. (1987), Arizona Industrial Minerals, AZ Dept. of Mines & MineralResources Rpt. 4.
        • Cameron-Leupp area
    		Phillips, K.A. (1987), Arizona Industrial Minerals, AZ Dept. of Mines & Mineral Resources Rpt. 4.
        • Cameron District
          • Cameron area
    		Kiersch, G.A. (1955), Mineral resources Navajo-Hopi India reservations, Arizona-Utah, Vol. II, Univ. of AZ: 31, 34; Peirce, H.W. (1990), AZ Geol. Sur. Industrial Minerals card file; Phillips, K.A. (1987), Arizona Industrial Minerals, AZ Dept. of Mines & Minerals.
    AZ Dept. Min. Resources Industrial Min. Rpt.: 20.
    Phillips, K.A. (1987), Arizona Industrial Minerals, AZ Dept. of Mines & MineralResources Rpt. 4.
    Phillips, K.A. (1987), Arizona Industrial Minerals, AZ Dept. of Mines & MineralResources Rpt. 4.
    Phillips, K.A. (1987), Arizona Industrial Minerals, AZ Dept. of Mines & MineralResources Rpt. 4.
      • Graham Co.
        • Gila Mts
          • Lone Star District (Safford District; Dos Pobres District)
            • Gila Valley
              • Thatcher
    		MRDS database Dep. ID #10064505, MRDS ID #TC38889.
        • Whitlock Mts
          • Dry Mountain
    		MRDS database Dep. ID #10209800, MAS ID #0040090360.
      • La Paz Co.
        • Plomosa Mts
          • Plomosa District
            • Bouse
              • Bouse area
    		MRDS database Dep. ID file #10060271, MRDS ID #TC10272.
      • Maricopa Co.
    		MRDS file #10064497.
    MRDS file #10060235.
      • Mohave Co.
    		AZ Dept. Min. Resources (ADMR) files; MRDS file #10210535.
    Elevatorski, E.A. (1978), Arizona Industrial Minerals, AZ Dept. of Min. Resources, Min Rpt. No. 2: 58; MRDS file #10234990.
    AZ Dept. Min. Resources (ADMR) Self Bentonite file; MRDS file #10137560.
      • Navajo Co.
    		Kiersch, G.A. (1955), Mineral resources Navajo-Hopi India reservations, Arizona-Utah, Vol. II, Univ. of AZ: 25; Peirce, H.W. (1990), AZ Geol. Sur. Industrial Minerals card file.
    AZ Dept. Min. Resources Industrial Min. Rpt.: 46.
    Kiersch, G.A. (1955), Mineral resources Navajo-Hopi India reservations, Arizona-Utah, Vol. II, Univ. of AZ: 25; Peirce, H.W. (1990), AZ Geol. Sur. Industrial Minerals card files; Phillips, K.A. (1987), Arizona Industrial Minerals AZ Dept. of Mines and Mineral Resources Mineral Rpt. 4.
      • Pinal Co.
        • San Pedro Valley
          • Whitlock Wash area
            • East Bank San Pedro River
    		MRDS database Dep. ID #10060239, MRDS ID #TC10208.
      • Yavapai Co.
        • Camp Verde District
          • Camp Verde
    		MRDS database Dep. ID #10110071, MRDS ID #TC10150.
    MRDS database Dep. ID #10104302, MRDS ID #TC00227.
        • Thompson Valley
          • Hillside
    		MRDS database Dep. ID #10110072, MRDS ID #TC10273.
    MRDS database Dep. ID #10113718, MAS ID #0040251593.
      • Yuma Co.
        • Gila Mts
          • Dome District (Gila City District)
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 178; Bramlette, M.N. & E. Posnjak (1933), Zeolitic alteration of pyroclastics, Am.Min.: 18: 167-171; Sheppard, R.A. (1971), Clinoptilolite, of possible economic value in sedimentary deposits of the conterminous United States, USGS Bull. 1332-B: B1-B15.
        • Muggins Mts
          • Muggins District
    		MRDS database Dep. ID file #10113698, MRDS ID #TC35707, MAS ID #0040270298.
        • Plomosa Mts
          • Plomosa District
    		Keith, Stanton B. (1978) State of Arizona Bureau of Geology and Mineral Technology, Geol. Sur. Br. Bull. 192, Index of Mining Properties in Yuma Co., Arizona: 166 (Table 4); Wilson, E.D. & Roseveare (1949): 15; Arizona Bureau of Mines Bull. 180: 329; Arizona Bureau of Mines file data.
    • Arkansas
    		Howard, J. M. (1987) Mineral Species of Arkansas: A Digest. Bull 23 Ark. Geol. Comm.
    Howard, J. M. (1987) Mineral Species of Arkansas: A Digest. Bull 23 Ark. Geol. Comm.
    • California
      • Colusa Co.
        • Coast Ranges
          • Mountain House
    		USGS (2005), Mineral Resources Data System (MRDS): U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia, loc. file ID #10259987.
      • Imperial Co.
        • Munyon
    		Regis, Andrew J. (1978) Mineralogy, Physical, and Exchangeable Chemistry Properties of Bentonites, Denver Service Center (USGS), (February).
        • Westmorland
    		Regis, Andrew J. (1978) Mineralogy, Physical, and Exchangeable Chemistry Properties of Bentonites, Denver Service Center (USGS), (February).
      • Kern Co.
        • Boron
    		Troxel, Bennie Wyatt & P.K. Morton (1962), Mines and mineral resources of Kern County, California: California Division Mines & Geology County Report 1, 370 pp.: 72; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 439.
        • Kramer District
          • Boron
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • San Benito Co.
        • Diablo Range
          • Llanada
    		California Division of Mines and Geology (1990), Mines and mineral producers active in California (1988-89), California Department of Conservation, Division of Mines and Geology, Special Publication 103.
          • New Idria District
            • Idria (New Idria)
    		U.S. Bureau of Mines (1959), Report of Investigation 5487; USGS MRDS database (2005).
            • Sampson Peak
    		Cleveland, G.B. (1957), Clay: California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 176: 139.
        • Gabilan Range
    		California Division of Mines and Geology; Special Publication 107 (1990): 9.
      • San Bernardino Co.
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
        • Cady Mts
          • Hector
    		Amer. Mineral., 21, 238-244.
        • Calico Mts (Calico Hills)
          • Calico District (Daggett District)
            • Daggett
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
        • Kramer Station area
    		Tucker, W. Burling & Reid J. Sampson (1943a), Current notes on activities in the strategic minerals, Los Angeles field district: California Division Mines Report 39: 67; Wright, L.A., et al (1953), Mines and mineral resources of San Bernardino County, California: California Journal of Mines and Geology, California Division of Mines (Report 49): 49(1-2): 184.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • San Diego Co.
        • Otay
    		Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 440-441.
      • Santa Barbara Co.
        • Buellton
    		Dibblee, T.W., Jr. (1950) Geology of southwestern Santa Barbara County, California, Point Arguello, Lompoc, Point Conception, Los Olivos, and Gaviota Quadrangles, California Division of Mines Bulletin 150: Pl. 3; USGS (2005), Mineral Resources Data System (MRDS): U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia, loc. file ID #10189719.
    • Colorado
      • Custer Co.
        • Hardscrabble District
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • Gunnison Co.
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • Mineral Co.
        • Creede District
          • King Solomon
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    • Idaho
      • Bonneville Co.
        • Willow Creek - Caribou District
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • Clark Co.
        • Winsper Area
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • Lemhi Co.
        • Eureka District
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • Owyhee Co.
        • Castle Creek District
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    • Illinois
      • Kane Co.
        • North Aurora
    		Freiburg, J. and Rakovan, J. (2012) The Conco Mine, North Aurora, Kane County, Illinois. Rocks & Minerals, 87, #2, 116-125.
    Louisiana Geological Survey
    • Mississippi
    		Priddy, 1960. Madison County Geology
      • Monroe Co.
        • Aberdeen
    		USGS
    • Montana
      • Beaverhead Co.
        • Dillon Area
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    Jay Ellis Ransom,1974, Gems and Minerals of America
      • Carter Co.
    		Jay Ellis Ransom,1974, Gems and Minerals of America
      • Granite Co.
        • Rock Creek Area
          • N Side of East Fork Reservoir
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • Lewis and Clark Co.
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
        • Wolf Creek District
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    Jay Ellis Ransom,1974, Gems and Minerals of America
        • Boulder Mountains Area
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • Treasure Co.
        • Vananda District
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    • Nevada
      • Elko Co.
        • Mountain City District
    		NBMG Bull 106 Geology and Mineral Resources of Elko County, Nevada
    NBMG Bull 106 Geology and Mineral Resources of Elko County, Nevada
      • Mineral Co.
        • Fitting District
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • Nye Co.
        • Bullfrog District
    		NBMG Bull 77 Geology and Mineral Resources of Southern Nye County, Nevada
    • New Mexico
      • Rio Arriba Co.
    		Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
    Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed.
    • North Dakota
      • McKenzie Co.
    		http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/LivingWith/VolcanicPast/Places/volcanic_past_north_dakota.html.
    • South Dakota
      • Butte Co.
        • Belle Fourche District
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • Meade Co.
    		SDSMT Bull 18 Roberts and Rapp "Mineralogy of the Black Hills"
    • Texas
      • Bastrop Co.
    		R&M 66:3 pp 196-224
      • Live Oak Co.
    		R&M 66:3 pp 196-224
    • Utah
      • Daggett Co.
        • Manila Area
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • Garfield Co.
        • Alton Coal Field/Cannonville
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
    UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
        • Henry Mts
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
    UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
      • Grand Co.
        • Wilson Mesa
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
      • Iron Co.
        • Escalante Valley
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • San Juan Co.
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • Sanpete Co.
        • Redmond Area
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • Sevier Co.
    		UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
    UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah
      • Washington Co.
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    • Virginia
      • Bath Co.
    		Henderson, E. P. (1929): Gearksutite from Virginia. American Mineralogist 14, 281-285.
    • West Virginia
      • Monroe Co.
    		http://thecollege.wlu.edu/research_service/RELee/Geo2002/Bedrock.asp
    • Wyoming
      • Big Horn Co.
        • Lovell
    		Matt Neuzil
    Jay Ellis Ransom,1974,Gems and Minerals of America
    Knight, W. C. (1898) Bentonite: Eng. Min. J. 66, 491.
      • Sublette Co.
        • Snider Basin Area
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • Teton Co.
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
      • Weston Co.
        • Upton
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
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