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Catapleiite

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Poudrette quarry (Demix quarry; Uni-Mix quarry; Desourdy quarry; Carrière Mont Saint-Hilaire), Mont Saint-Hilaire, Rouville RCM, Montérégie, Québec, Canada
© Rob Lavinsky

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Formula:
Na
 
2
Zr(Si
 
3
O
 
9
) · 2H
 
2
O
System:MonoclinicColour:Dark brown, reddish ...
Hardness:5½ - 6
Name:From the Greek κατα and πλειον, meaning "with many," for it's association with many other rare minerals.
Dimorph of:Gaidonnayite


Catapleiite Group. The monoclinic dimorph of Gaidonnayite. The sodium analogue of Calcium-Catapleiite.

Visit gemdat.org for gemological information about Catapleiite. Currently in public beta-test.

Classification of Catapleiite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:8/E.04-10
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:9.CA.15

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
C : Cyclosilicates
A : [Si3O9]6- 3-membered single rings (dreier-Einfachringe), without insular complex anions
Dana 8th edition ID:59.2.2.1

59 : CYCLOSILICATES Three-Membered Rings
2 : Three-Membered Rings, hydrated
Hey's CIM Ref.:14.10.24

14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
10 : Silicates of Zr or Hf
mindat.org URL:http://www.mindat.org/min-919.html
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Type Occurrence of Catapleiite

Type Locality:Låven (Skådön; Lamö; Lamanskjaer), Langesundsfjorden, Larvik, Vestfold, Norway
Year of Discovery:1850

Occurrences of Catapleiite

Geological Setting:Syenites and nepheline syenites

Physical Properties of Catapleiite

Lustre:Vitreous, Dull
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent, Translucent
Colour:Dark brown, reddish brown, flesh red, yellowish red,colourless, light grey, beige to tan, light yellow, orange, light blue
Streak:White to pale yellow
Hardness (Mohs):5½ - 6
Tenacity:Brittle
Cleavage:Perfect
Perfect on {100}
Imperfect on {101} {102}
Fracture:Conchoidal
Density (measured):2.65 - 2.9 g/cm3
Density (calculated):2.77 g/cm3

Crystallography of Catapleiite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Class (H-M):2/m - Prismatic
Cell Parameters:a = 12.799Å, b = 7.419Å, c = 20.157Å
β = 90.41°
Ratio:a:b:c = 1.725 : 1 : 2.717
Unit Cell Volume:V 1,913.97 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:8
Morphology:pseudohexagonal, rosettes
Twinning:Polysynthetic at 30, 60, 90 degrees
Comment:monoclinic, pseudohexagonal
Crystal Atlas:
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Catapleiite no.6 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Catapleiite no.28 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Catapleiite no.29 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Catapleiite no.30 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Catapleiite no.31 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)

About Crystal Atlas

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The mindat.org Crystal Atlas allows you to view a selection of crystal drawings of real and idealised crystal forms for this mineral and, in certain cases, 3d rotating crystal objects. You need Java to see these. You can download Java for free - click here to download Java

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X-Ray Powder Diffraction:
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Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Horizontal Axis: ° to ° Vertical Axis: % Source Data: Filtered Data:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Optical Data of Catapleiite

Type:Biaxial (+)
RI values: nα = 1.591 nβ = 1.592 nγ = 1.627
2V:Measured: 40°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.036

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Moderate
Dispersion:r < v moderate

Chemical Properties of Catapleiite

Formula:
Na
 
2
Zr(Si
 
3
O
 
9
) · 2H
 
2
O
Essential elements:H, Na, O, Si, Zr
All elements listed in formula:H, Na, O, Si, Zr
Common Impurities:Ca,Fe

Relationship of Catapleiite to other Species

Series:Forms a series with Calciocatapleiite (see here)
Structurally related to group(s):
Catapleiite Group
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
9.CA.05Bazirite
BaZr(Si
 
3
O
 
9
)
9.CA.05Benitoite
BaTi(Si
 
3
O
 
9
)
9.CA.05Pabstite
Ba(Sn,Ti)(Si
 
3
O
 
9
)
9.CA.10Wadeite
K
 
2
Zr(Si
 
3
O
 
9
)
9.CA.15Calciocatapleiite
CaZr(Si
 
3
O
 
9
) · 2H
 
2
O
9.CA.20Pseudowollastonite
CaSiO
 
3
9.CA.25Margarosanite
Pb(Ca,Mn
2+
 
)
 
2
(Si
 
3
O
 
9
)
9.CA.25Walstromite
BaCa
 
2
(Si
 
3
O
 
9
)
9.CA.30Bobtraillite
(Na,Ca)
 
13
Sr
 
11
(Zr,Y,Nb)
 
14
(Si
 
3
O
 
9
)
 
10
(H
 
2
BSi
 
2
O
 
9
)
 
6
 · 12H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
14.10.1Zircon
ZrSiO
 
4
14.10.2Hafnon
HfSiO
 
4
14.10.3Zektzerite
LiNa(Zr,Ti,Hf)Si
 
6
O
 
15
14.10.4Parakeldyshite
Na
 
2
ZrSi
 
2
O
 
7
14.10.5Vlasovite
Na
 
2
ZrSi
 
4
O
 
11
14.10.6Keldyshite
(Na,H)
 
2
ZrSi
 
2
O
 
7
14.10.7Gaidonnayite
Na
 
2
Zr(Si
 
3
O
 
9
) · 2H
 
2
O
14.10.8Terskite
Na
 
4
ZrSi
 
6
O
 
16
 · 2H
 
2
O
14.10.9Elpidite
Na
 
2
ZrSi
 
6
O
 
15
 · 3H
 
2
O
14.10.10Hilairite
Na
 
2
Zr[SiO
 
3
]
 
3
 · 3H
 
2
O
14.10.11Petarasite
Na
 
5
Zr
 
2
(Si
 
6
O
 
18
)(Cl,OH) · 2H
 
2
O
14.10.12Khibinskite
K
 
2
ZrSi
 
2
O
 
7
14.10.13Wadeite
K
 
2
Zr(Si
 
3
O
 
9
)
14.10.14Dalyite
K
 
2
ZrSi
 
6
O
 
15
14.10.15Kostylevite
K
 
2
Zr(Si
 
3
O
 
9
) · H
 
2
O
14.10.16Umbite
K
 
2
(Zr,Ti)Si
 
3
O
 
9
 · H
 
2
O
14.10.17Paraumbite
K
 
3
Zr
 
2
H(Si
 
3
O
 
9
)
 
2
 · nH
 
2
O
14.10.18Georgechaoite
NaKZr[Si
 
3
O
 
9
] · 2H
 
2
O
14.10.19Gittinsite
CaZrSi
 
2
O
 
7
14.10.20Calciocatapleiite
CaZr(Si
 
3
O
 
9
) · 2H
 
2
O
14.10.21Calciohilairite
CaZr[SiO
 
3
]
 
3
 · 3H
 
2
O
14.10.22Armstrongite
CaZr[Si
 
6
O
 
15
] · 3H
 
2
O
14.10.23Lemoynite
(Na,K)
 
2
CaZr
 
2
Si
 
10
O
 
26
 · 5H
 
2
O
14.10.25Baghdadite
Ca
 
3
(Zr,Ti)(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)O
 
2
14.10.26Lovozerite
Na
 
2
CaZr(H
 
4
Si
 
6
O
 
18
) · H
 
2
O
14.10.27Låvenite
(Na,Ca)
 
2
(Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)(Zr,Ti)(Si
 
2
O
 
7
)(O,OH,F)
 
2
14.10.28Penkvilksite
Na
 
4
Ti
 
2
Si
 
8
O
 
22
 · 4H
 
2
O
14.10.29Darapiosite
KNa
 
2
(Zn,Li)
 
3
(Mn,Zr)
 
2
[Si
 
12
O
 
30
]
14.10.30Bazirite
BaZr(Si
 
3
O
 
9
)
14.10.31Komkovite
BaZr[Si
 
3
O
 
9
] · 3H
 
2
O
14.10.32Zirsinalite
Na
 
6
(Ca,Mn
2+
 
,Fe
2+
 
)Zr(Si
 
6
O
 
18
)
14.10.33Tranquillityite
(Fe
2+
 
,Ca)
 
8
(Zr,Y)
 
2
Ti
 
3
(SiO
 
4
)
 
3
O
 
4

Other Names for Catapleiite

Synonyms:
CatapleiteNatronkatapleïtSteedeite
Other Languages:
German:Catapleiit
Catapleit
Katapleiit
Russian:Катаплеит
Spanish:Catapleiita
Catapleita

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Catapleiite

Reference List:

- +
- Weibye, P. C. (1850): Neue Mineralien aus Norwegen, beschrieben von P.H. [sic!] Weibye; analysirt von N.J. Berlin, K.A. Sjögren und J.B. von Borck (Erster Theil). [1.Tritomit, 2. Katapleiit, 3.Atheriasit, 4. Eudnophit.], Annalen der Physik und Chemie (herausgegeben zu Berlin von J.C. Poggendorff) , 79: 299-304

- Canadian Mineralogist (1992): 30: 191.

- Anthony, J.W., Bideaux, R.A., Bladh, K.W., and Nichols, M.C. (1995) Handbook of Mineralogy, Volume II. Silica, Silicates. Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson, AZ, 904pp., 2 volumes: 117.

Internet Links for Catapleiite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Catapleiite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    • Localities for Catapleiite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Brazil
     
    • Minas Gerais
      • Poços de Caldas plateau
    		No reference listed
    Canada
     
    • British Columbia
      • Golden Mining Division
    		Zeolites of the World, R. Tschernich, 1992 (142,360); Canadian Mineralogist Vol.22, pp. 253-258 (1984)
    • Newfoundland and Labrador
      • Labrador
        • Seal Lake area
    		A. Kerr (2010) Rare-earth-element (REE) mineralization in Labrador: A review of known environments and the geological context of current exploration activity. Newfoundland and Labrador Department of Natural Resources Current Research 2010 pp 109-143
    • Northwest Territories
      • Mackenzie District
        • Blachford Lake alkaline complex
    		SHEARD, E.R., WILLIAMS-JONES, A.E., HEILIGMANN, M., PEDERSON, C. AND TRUEMAN, D.L. (2012) Controls on the concentration of zirconium, niobium, and the rare earth elements in the Thor Lake rare metal deposit, Northwest Territories, Canada. Economic Geology, 107(1), 81-104.
    Sheard, E.R. (2010); SHEARD, E.R., WILLIAMS-JONES, A.E., HEILIGMANN, M., PEDERSON, C. AND TRUEMAN, D.L. (2012) Controls on the concentration of zirconium, niobium, and the rare earth elements in the Thor Lake rare metal deposit, Northwest Territories, Canada. Economic Geology, 107(1), 81-104.
    • Québec
      • Montérégie
        • Lajemmerais RCM
          • Varennes & St-Amable
            • Saint-Amable sill
    		Horváth, L., Pfenninger-Horváth, E., Gault, R. A., & Tarassoff, P. (1998): Mineralogy of the Saint-Amable Sill, Varennes and Saint-Amable, Québec. Mineralogical Record, 29: 83-118.
        • Rouville RCM
          • Mont Saint-Hilaire
    		Machairas, G. and Perrault, G. (1965), Catapleiite from St.-Hilaire, P.Q. Canadian Mineralogist: 8: 398; Pendlebury, G.B. (1966), Catapleiite from St. Hilaire Mountain, Quebec. Canadian Mineralogist: 8: 120-121. HORVÁTH, L., & GAULT, R.G. (1990) The mineralogy of Mont Saint Hilaire. Mineralogical Record, 21, 284 359.
      • Montréal
    		Horváth Collection - confirmed by XRD
    Horváth Collection XRD & EDS; Sabina (1978) GSC Paper 78-1A, 253-254
    • Québec & Newfoundland and Labrador
    		Miller (1996), Can.Min.: 34:349-371; Salvi & Williams-Jones (1995); Am.Min.: 80:1031-1040; Miller (1990), Newfoundland Dept. of Mines & Energy Geol. Sur. Report 90-1: 171-182.; A. Kerr and H. Rafuse (2012) Rare-earth element (REE) geochemistry of the Strange Lake deposits: Implications for resource estimation and metallogenic models. Newfoundland and Labrador Department of Natural Resources Current Research 2012 pp39-60
    China
     
    • Liaoning Province (Manchuria; Dongbei Region)
      • Dandong Prefecture
        • Fengcheng Co.
          • Saima complex
    		Saima Deposit Research Group, Beijing Institute of Uranium Geology (1978): Scientia Sinica 11(3), 365-389
    Greenland
     
    • Kitaa (West Greenland) Province
      • Narsaq
        • Igaliku (Igaliko)
          • Narssârssuk (Narsarsuk)
            • Narsaarsuup Qaava
    		Min.Rec.: 21:102.
    Petersen Ole V.,Secher K.(1985) - Gronland: Mineralien, Geologie, Geschichte. - Verlag Bode & Partner K.G., Bochum, 87 pagg.
        • Ilimaussaq complex
    		Univ, Copenhagen deacquisition
            • Qeqertaussaq Island
    		Soerensen, H. (1962): On the occurrence of Steenstrupine in the Ilimaussaq massif, southwest Greenland, Meddelelser om Groenland, Reitzels Forlag Koebenhavn
          • Tasseq area
            • Tasseq Slopes (Taseq Slopes)
    		Petersen, O.V., Johnsen, O., Niedermayr, G., Grice, J.D. (2004): Taseqite, a new member of the Eudialyte group from the Ilimaussaq alkaline complex, South Greenland, Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte, 2004, No2, 83-96
          • Tunugdliarfik Firth (Eriksfjord)
    		Danoe, M., Soerensen, H. (1959): An examination of the rare minerals from the Nepheline Syenites of south west Greenland, Meddelelser om Groenland, Vol. 162, Nr.5, Reitzels Forlag, Koebenhavn
            • Tuperssuatsiat Bay
    		Robles, E., Fontan, F., Monchoux, P., Soerensen, H. (2001): Hiortdahlite II from the Ilimaussaq alkaline complex, South Greenland, South Greenland, Geology of Greenland Survey Bulletin, 190, 131-137
    • Tunu (East Greenland) Province
      • Kangerlussuaq Firth
        • Amdrup Firth
    		Perchiazzi, N. et al. ( 2000): The crystal structure of Normandite and its crystal-chemical relationship with Lavenite, Canadian Mineralogist, Vol. 38, 641 - 648
        • Kangerlussuaq complex
    		MinRec 16:485-494
    Guinea
     
    Biagioni, C. (2007). I disilicati di Zr-Ti-Nb-REE delle sieniti a nefelina delle Iles de Los (Guinea). Tesi di laurea inedita, Università di Pisa.
    Kyrgyzstan
     
    Libya
     
    • Al Kufrah District
    		Flinn et al (1992)
    Flinn et al. (1992)
    Morocco
     
    • Meknès-Tafilalet Region
      • Khénifra Province
        • High Atlas Mtn
          • Tamazeght complex
    		Economic Geology May 2000 v. 95 no. 3 p. 559-576
    Norway
     
    • Telemark
      • Porsgrunn
        • Langesundsfjorden
    		Larsen, A.O. (2001): Chemical composition of catapleiites from the syenite pegmatites in the Larvik plutonic complex, Norway. Bergverksmuseets Skrift 18, 5-9
        • Mørje
          • Sagåsen
    		Larsen, A.O., Åsheim, A. and Gault, R. A. (2005): Minerals of the eudialyte group from the Sagåsen larvikite quarry, Porsgrunn, Norway. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrifter 30: 58-62
    • Vestfold
      • Larvik
        • Hedrum
          • Farris
    		Larsen, A.O. (2001): Chemical composition of catapleiites from the syenite pegmatites in the Larvik plutonic complex, Norway. Bergverksmuseets Skrift 18, 5-9
          • Lågendalen
    		Sæbø, P.(1966): Contribution to the mineralogy of Norway no.35. The first occurences of the rare mineral barylite, Be2BaSi2O7, in Norway. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 46, 335-348
    Svein A.Berge collection (collected in 1988)
    Peter Andresen observation in field sept 2003
        • Langesundsfjorden
          • Arøya (Arö)
    		Svein A. Berge observation 1992
    Brøgger, W.C. (1890): Die Mineralien der Syenitpegmatitgänge der südnorwegischen Augit-und Nephelinsyenite. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie und Mineralogie 16. 663 pp (p 478-482)
          • Barkevik area
    		Scheerer, T. (1864): Über den Astrophyllit und sein Verhältnis zu Augit und Glimmer im Zirkonsyenit, nebst Bemerkungen über die plutonische Entstehung, Annalen der Physik und Chemie, Vol. 198 (2/122), 107-138
    Larsen, A.O. (2001): Chemical composition of catapleiites from the syenite pegmatites in the Larvik plutonic complex, Norway. Bergverksmuseets Skrift 18, 5-9
    Larsen, A.O. (2001): Chemical composition of catapleiites from the syenite pegmatites in the Larvik plutonic complex, Norway. Bergverksmuseets Skrift 18, 5-9
    Svein A. Berge collection
    Larsen, A.O. (2001): Chemical composition of catapleiites from the syenite pegmatites in the Larvik plutonic complex, Norway. Bergverksmuseets Skrift 18, 5-9
    Engvoldsen,T.,Andersen, F.,Berge, S.A. & Burvald, I. (1991): Pegmatittmineraler fra Larvik ringkompleks. STEIN 18(1),15-71
    Larsen, A.O. (2001): Chemical composition of catapleiites from the syenite pegmatites in the Larvik plutonic complex, Norway. Bergverksmuseets Skrift 18, 5-9
    Neues Jahrbuch für Mineral.(1849) 521-525; Weibye, P. C. (1850): Neue Mineralien aus Norwegen, beschrieben von P.H. [sic!] Weibye; analysirt von N.J. Berlin, K.A. Sjögren und J.B. von Borck (Erster Theil). [1.Tritomit, 2. Katapleiit, 3.Atheriasit, 4. Eudnophit.], Annalen der Physik und Chemie (herausgegeben zu Berlin von J.C. Poggendorff), 79: 299-304; Larsen, A.O. (2001): Chemical composition of catapleiites from the syenite pegmatites in the Larvik plutonic complex, Norway. Bergverksmuseets Skrift 18, 5-9
    Larsen, A.O. (2001): Chemical composition of catapleiites from the syenite pegmatites in the Larvik plutonic complex, Norway. Bergverksmuseets Skrift 18, 5-9
    Larsen, A.O. (2001): Chemical composition of catapleiites from the syenite pegmatites in the Larvik plutonic complex, Norway. Bergverksmuseets Skrift 18, 5-9
    Brøgger, W.C. (1884): Om katapleiitens tvillinglove. Geologiska Foreningen i Stockholm Förhandlingar. 7, 427-434.; Larsen, A.O. (2001): Chemical composition of catapleiites from the syenite pegmatites in the Larvik plutonic complex, Norway. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift 18, 5-9
    Engvoldsen, T., Andersen, F., Berge, S. A. & Burvald, I. (1991): Pegmatittmineraler fra Larvik ringkompleks. STEIN 18 (1), 15-71
    Brøgger, W.C. (1890): Die Mineralien der Syenitpegmatitgänge der südnorwegischen Augit-und Nephelinsyenite. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie und Mineralogie 16. p 462
        • Malerød
    		Larsen, A.O. (ed.) (2010): "The Langesundsfjord, History, Geology, Pegmatites, Minerals" , Bode Verlag GmBH.p. 133
    Larsen, A.O. (2001): Chemical composition of catapleiites from the syenite pegmatites in the Larvik plutonic complex, Norway. Bergverksmuseets Skrift 18, 5-9
        • Stavern (Fredriksvärn)
    		Larsen, A.O. (2001): Chemical composition of catapleiites from the syenite pegmatites in the Larvik plutonic complex, Norway. Bergverksmuseets Skrift 18, 5-9
        • Tjølling
          • Håkestad
    		Engvoldsen,T.,Andersen, F.,Berge, S.A. & Burvald, I. (1991): Pegmatittmineraler fra Larvik ringkompleks. STEIN 18(1),15-71
        • Tvedalen
    		Larsen, A. O. (ed.) (2010): The Langesundsfjord. History, geology, pegmatites, minerals. Bode Verlag Gmbh, Salzhemmendorf, Germany, 240 p
    Collection of Peter Andresen.; Larsen, A. O. (ed.) (2010): The Langesundsfjord. History, geology, pegmatites, minerals. Bode Verlag Gmbh, Salzhemmendorf, Germany, 240 p
    Larsen, A. O. (ed.) (2010): The Langesundsfjord. History, geology, pegmatites, minerals. Bode Verlag Gmbh, Salzhemmendorf, Germany, 240 p
      • Sandefjord
        • Vesterøya
    		Engvoldsen,T.,Andersen, F.,Berge, S.A. & Burvald, I. (1991): Pegmatittmineraler fra Larvik ringkompleks. STEIN 18(1),15-71;Berge, S.A., Larsen, K.E. & Andersen, F. (2011): Buer, Vesterøya, Sandefjord- en typelokalitet for et nytt mineral. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift. 46: 49-56
    Larsen, A.O. (2001): Chemical composition of catapleiites from the syenite pegmatites in the Larvik plutonic complex, Norway. Bergverksmuseets Skrift 18, 5-9
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Prebaikalia (Pribaikal'e)
        • Buriatia (Buryatia)
          • Mama River Basin
            • Maigunda River
    		Bailey, J. C: Formation of cryolite and other aluminofluorides: A petrologic review. Bull. geol. Soc. Denmark, vol. 29, pp. 1-45. Copenhagen, June 10th, 1980.
      • Saha Republic (Sakha Republic; Yakutia)
    		[World of Stones 12:49]
      • Tuva Republic
        • Sangilen Upland
    		Kapustin, Y. L., & Bykova, A. V. (1965). First find of hiortdahlite in the USSR. Doklady Akad. Nauk SSSR, 161, 121-124.
    • Northern Region
      • Murmanskaja Oblast'
        • Kola Peninsula
          • Afrikanda
    		Chakhmouradian A.R., Zaitsev A.N. (2002) Calcite–Amphibole–Clinopyroxene rock from the Afrikanda complex, Kola peninsula, Russia: mineralogy and a possible link to carbonatites. III. Silicate minerals. - Can. Miner., Vol.40, pp. 1347-1374.
          • Khibiny Massif
    		[World of Stones 95:5-6, p64]
            • Eveslogchorr Mt
              • Astrophyllite Stream
    		Pekov et al (2005) New Data on Minerals Vol 40 pp11-16
    [AmMin 85:1844]; Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow; American Mineralogist, Volume 94, pages 1450–1458, 2009
            • Kukisvumchorr Mt
              • East slope
                • Tuliok River head
    		Pavel M. Kartashov data
    Lapis 28(12), 46-47 (2003)
    Pekov, I. et al (2003): New Data on Minerals: 38: 20-33.
    American Mineralogist, Volume 92, pages 1525-1530, 2007
    Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
    Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow
    No reference listed
    P.M. Kartashov data
    Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte (2003): 10: 461-480.
          • Kovdor Massif
    		[World of Stones 95:5-6, p64]; luigi chiapino
          • Lovozero Massif
            • Alluaiv Mt
              • Umbozero mine (Umba mine)
    		Pavel M. Kartashov data
    Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data (2013)
            • Karnasurt Mt
    		New Data on Minerals M., 2004 Vol 39 pp 5-13
            • Seidozero Lake
    		Pekov, I. et al (2003): New Data on Minerals: 38: 20-33.
    The Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 43, pp. 735-746 (2005)
            • Suoluai River Valley
              • Kuamdespakhk Mt
    		Semenov E.I. (1972) Mineralogy of Lovozero alkaline massif, - Moscow, Nauka, p. 308 (in Rus.)
        • Northern Karelia
    		www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/vuori.htm
    South Africa
     
    • North West Province
      • Western Bushveld Complex
        • Rustenburg District
    		Minerals of South Africa
    Wooley (2001) 269-270.
    Sweden
     
    • Östergötland
      • Ödeshög
    • Småland
      • Jönköping
        • Gränna
    		Törnebohm, A. (1906): Katapleitsyenit, en nyupptäkt varietet af nefelinsyenit i Sverige. Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning, C 199: 1-54; Thulin, H. (2000): Norra Kärr-Några nya fynd och undersökningar. Litiofilen, 17 (2): 25-45
    USA
     
    • Arkansas
      • Hot Spring Co.
    		Rocks and Minerals, (2001) 76:257; Rocks and Minerals, (1976) 51:495-507
    “Smith, A.E., Jr., 1996, Collecting Arkansas Minerals: A R“Smith, A.E., Jr., 1994, “Through the Scope: Collecting Microminerals at Cove Creek, Magnet Cove, Arkansas”: Rocks & Minerals, 69:180-185.eference and Guide.” and
    Rocks & Min.:63:109.
    Karl Estes (1998) Mineral News, 14, #5, 8-10.
      • Pulaski Co.
        • Little Rock
    		Rocks and Minerals, (1988) 63:104-125; Rocks and Minerals, (1989) 64:314-322
    Rocks and Minerals, (1988) 63:104-125
    • Montana
      • Meagher Co.
    		www.cseg.ca/conferences/2000/376.PDF.; Chakhmouradian A.R. & Mitchell R.H. (2002) The mineralogy of Ba- and Zr-rich alkaline pegmatites from Gordon Butte, Crazy Mountains (Montana, USA): comparisons between potassic and sodic agpaitic pegmatites. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 143, 93-114.
    • New Mexico
      • Colfax Co.
        • Springer
          • Point of Rocks Mesa (Pecks Mesa)
    		Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd. rev. ed. (1996)
      • Otero Co.
        • Cornudas Mts
    		Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 34, pp.335-347 (1996); USGS Open-File Report 02-189
    • Virginia
      • Augusta Co.
    		http://csmres.jmu.edu/geollab/baedke/dept/abs2002.pdf.; Raiter, E. et al (2002) 29th Rochester Mineralogical Symposium, Abstracts of contributed papers, 15.; Rocks & Minerals 84:352-362.
    • Wisconsin
      • Marathon Co.
    		Rocks & Min.: 62: 190-193.
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