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Bitumen

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Hastie's Quarry, Spar Mountain, Cave-in-Rock Sub-District, Illinois - Kentucky Fluorspar District, Hardin Co., Illinois, USA
© Alan Goldstein

Show Bitumen Photos (8)
Colour:Black or brown


A solid of viscous hydrocarbon material.

Classification of Bitumen

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Physical Properties of Bitumen

Colour:Black or brown

Other Names for Bitumen

Synonyms:
Betume
Other Languages:
Varieties:
Carbonite (of Mueller)Elaterite

Other Information

Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

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    Localities for Bitumen

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    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • Tasmania
      • Huon district
    		Bottrill & Baker (in prep) Catalogue of minerals of Tasmania
      • Zeehan district
        • Zeehan
          • Comstock mine
    		Bottrill & Baker (in prep) Catalogue of minerals of Tasmania
    Belgium
     
    • Liège Province
      • Sprimont
    		Harjo Neutkens
    Bolivia
     
    • Potosí Department
      • Chayanta Province
    		[var: Elaterite] [MinRec 32:469]
      • Sud Chichas Province
        • Atocha-Quechisla District
    		[var: Elaterite] [MinRec 32:461]
    Canada
     
    • Alberta
    		www.venuewest.com/8IKC/s1post.htm.
    • British Columbia
      • New Westminster Mining Division
        • Hope
    		Ray, Gerald E. “Bulletin 79: The Geology and Mineralization of the Coquihalla Gold Belt and Hozameen Fault System, Southwestern British Columbia.” 1990. Government of British Columbia Ministry of Energy, Mines, and Petroleum Resources. 3 Sept. 2006.
    • Northwest Territories
    		Can. Rockhound 7(1), 2003
    • Ontario
      • Bruce Co.
        • Amabel Township
          • Wiarton
    		Ref.: Geological Survey of Canada Miscellaneous Report 39.
      • Essex Co.
        • Anderdon Township
        • Maldon Township
          • Amherstburg
    		Ref.: Geological Survey of Canada Miscellaneous Report 39.
      • Wentworth Co.
        • Hamilton
          • Dundas
    		No reference listed
    Chile
     
    • Coquimbo Region
      • Elqui Province
        • La Serena
          • Talcuna Cu-Mn Mining District
    		U. Kolitsch collection
    Sernageomin database 2007;Stgo de Chile
    China
     
    • Gansu (Ganzu) Province
      • Gannan Autonomous Prefecture
        • Luqu Co.
          • Western Qinling gold belt
    		Peters, S.G. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-131.
      • Longnan Prefecture
        • Li Co.
          • Western Qinling gold belt
    		Peters, S.G. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-131.
    • Guangdong Province
      • Meizhou Prefecture
        • Mei Co.
    		Hu Kai, Yu Chensheng, Ma Dongsheng, Zhai Jianping, Xiao Zhenyu, and Zhang Wenlan (2002): Acta Geologica Sinica 2002(2).
      • Shaoguan Prefecture
        • Renhua Co.
    • Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region
      • Guilin Prefecture
        • Quanzhou Co.
    		Kai Hu, Jianping Zhai, Yingjun Liu, Henian Wang, Jingrong Zhang, and Rongfen Jia (2000): Science in China, Series D (Earth Sciences), 43(5), 507-520.
    • Guizhou Province
      • Qiandongnan Autonomous Prefecture
        • Danzhai Co.
    		Guanqing Lu (1994): PhD Thesis, University of Chicoutimi (Québec), Canada.
      • Qiannan Autonomous Prefecture
        • Duyun Co.
    		Lin Ye (2005): Goldschmidt Conference Abstracts 2005, A 851.
      • Qianxi'nan Autonomous Prefecture
        • Anlong Co.
    		http://www.portergeo.com.au/database/mineinfo.asp?mineid=mn1059
        • Ceheng Co.
    		http://brightrich.com/mineral_summary.htm
        • Qinglong Co.
    		Guozhi Wang and Ruizhong Hu (2002): Goldschmidt Conference Abstracts 2002, A 298.
        • Zhenfeng Co.
    		Xingchun Zhang, Spiro, B., Halls, C., Stanley, C.J., and Keyou Yang (2003): International Geology Review 45, 407-470.
      • Zunyi Prefecture
        • Zunyi Co.
          • Zunyi Ni-Mo-PGE-Au deposit
    		Lehmann, B., Nägler, T.F., Holland, H.D., Wille, M., Jingwen Mao, Jiayong Pan, Dongsheng Ma, and Dulski, P. (2007): Geology 35(5), 403-406.
    • Henan Province
      • Nanyang Prefecture
        • Tongbai Co.
    		Zhen-Qi Zhou, Qing-Shui Dong, Gang-Fu Hou, Sheng-Chuan Xu, and Chang-Sheng Miao (2006): Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition) 36(6), 1001-1005.
    • Hunan Province
      • Hengyang Prefecture
        • Hengdong Co.
    		Kai Hu, Jianping Zhai, Yingjun Liu, Henian Wang, Jingrong Zhang, and Rongfen Jia (2000): Science in China, Series D (Earth Sciences), 43(5), 507-520.
      • Shaoyang Prefecture
        • Xinshao Co.
    		Kai Hu, Jianping Zhai, Yingjun Liu, Henian Wang, Jingrong Zhang, and Rongfen Jia (2000): Science in China, Series D (Earth Sciences), 43(5), 507-520.
      • Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture
        • Huayuan Co.
    		Schneider, J., Boni, M., Lapponi, F., and Bechstädt, T. (2002): Economic Geology 97(8), 1815-1827.
    Tang, S., and Liu, T. (1999): Ore Geology Reviews 15(1), 71-78.
      • Yiyang Prefecture
        • Taojiang Co.
          • Taojiang Mn deposit
    		Bo Peng, Piestrzynski, A., Pieczonka, J., Meilian Xiao, Yaozhu Wang, Shurong Xie, Xiaoyan Tang, Changxun Yu and Zhi Song (2007): Environmental Geology 52(7), 1277-1296.
    • Jiangxi Province
      • Shangrao Prefecture
        • Dexing Co.
    		Kai Hu, Jianping Zhai, Yingjun Liu, Henian Wang, Jingrong Zhang, and Rongfen Jia (2000): Science in China, Series D (Earth Sciences), 43(5), 507-520.
    • Sichuan Province
      • Leshan Prefecture
        • Ebian Co.
    		M Kampf collection
      • Ngawa (Aba) Autonomous Prefecture
        • Songpan Co.
          • Western Qinling gold belt
    		Peters, S.G. (2002): USGS Open-File Report 02-131.
      • Ya'an Prefecture
        • Hanyuan Co.
    		Fangcheng Lin (2005): Mineral Deposits [Kuangchuang Dizhi] 24(2), 122-133.
    • Yunnan Province
      • Baoshan Prefecture
        • Tengchong Co.
    		http://www.sea-us.org.au/pdfs/tmw00/TMW00-FSU-Asia.pdf
      • Dali Autonomous Prefecture
        • Xiangyun Co.
    		He Mingqin, Yang Shiyu, and Liu Jiajun (2003): Journal of Kunming University of Science and Technology 28, 4-7.
      • Nujiang Autonomous Prefecture
        • Lanping Co.
    		Chunji Xue, Rong Zeng, Shuwen Liu, Guoxiang Chi, Hairuo Qing, Yuchuan Chen, Jianmin Yang, and Denghong Wang (2006): Ore Geology Reviews (in press).
    Liu Jiajun, Li Chaoyang, Zhang Qian, Pan Jiayong, Liu Yuping, Liu Xianfan, Liu Shirong, and Yang Weiguang (2001): Science in China, Series D (Earth Sciences), 44(6), 545-554.
      • Zhaotong Prefecture
        • Zhaoyang District
    		Yan Wang, C., Zhou, M.-F., Qi, L., Hou, S., Gao, H., Zhang, Z., and Malpas, J. (2006): International Geology Review 48(8): 742-753
    Croatia
     
    • Krapina
    		Naumann, Zirkel: "Elemente der Mineralogie", 13th ed., Leipzig (1898)
    France
     
    • Alsace
      • Haut-Rhin
        • Ribeauvillé
          • Orschwiller
    		J.-L. Hohl: "Minéraux et Mines du Massif Vosgien", Editions du Rhin (Mulhouse), 1994
          • St Hippolyte
    		J.-L. Hohl: "Minéraux et Mines du Massif Vosgien", Editions du Rhin (Mulhouse), 1994
    • Aquitaine
      • Landes
        • Dax
          • Canton d'Amou
      • Pyrénées-Atlantiques
        • Salies-de-Béarn
          • Carresse-Cassaber
    		http://perso.wanadoo.fr/mfp64/pyrenees.htm
    • Auvergne
      • Haute-Loire
        • Paulhaguet
          • Jax
            • La Ribeyrette (La Fioure; La Fiouve) & La Fauvette valleys
      • Puy-de-Dôme
        • Clermont-Ferrand
    		Aimé Rudel : "Curiosités Géologiques d'Auvergne et du Velay", Editions Volcans, 1970
          • Cournon-d'Auvergne
    		Aimé Rudel : "Curiosités Géologiques d'Auvergne et du Velay", Editions Volcans, 1970
    Aimé Rudel : "Curiosités Géologiques d'Auvergne et du Velay", Editions Volcans, 1970
        • Pont-du-Château
          • Dallet
    		Aimé Rudel : "Curiosités Géologiques d'Auvergne et du Velay", Editions Volcans, 1970
    Aimé Rudel : "Curiosités Géologiques d'Auvergne et du Velay", Editions Volcans, 1970
    • Brittany
      • Ille-et-Vilaine
    		L. Chauris, C. Laforêt and J. Cotten, Bull. Minéral. , 1985, 108, pp. 955-958
    • Languedoc-Roussillon
      • Hérault
        • Le Bosc
    		self collected by S. MAURY
    Ref. Eur. J. Mineral., 1993, 5, pp. 873-877.
      • Lozère
        • Bouges
    		Bull. Minéral. , 1987, 110, pp. 249-259.
    • Pays de Loire
      • Loire-Atlantique
    		[var: Elaterite] Williamson, 1932. Book of Amber, p.254.
    • Rhône-Alpes
      • Savoie
        • Val Thorens
    		"Les minéraux, leurs gisements, leurs associations", P. Bariand, F. Cesbron et J. Geffroy (1977), Editions Minéraux et Fossiles, BRGM
    Germany
     
    • Bavaria
      • Upper Bavaria
        • Garmisch-Partenkirchen
          • Mittenwald
            • Ferchenseewände Mts
    		S. Weiß: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
    • Rhineland-Palatinate
      • Hunsrück Mts
        • Idar-Oberstein
          • Niederwörresbach
    		Own analyses R. Lang
    • Saarland
      • Schmelz
    		Thomas Kleser Collection
    • Thuringia
      • Harz Mts
        • Nordhausen
          • Ilfeld
    		J. Gröbner & J. Wesiger (2008): Die Mineralien des Kupferschieferbergbaus an südlichen Harzrand bei Ilfeld in Thüringen. Mineralien-Welt 19 (2), 18-28.
    Ireland
     
    • Co. Sligo
      • Aughamore
    		Barry Flannery Collection
      • Ballysadare
    		Dr Stephen Moreton
    Italy
     
    • Sicily
      • Agrigento Province
        • Casteltermini
    • Tuscany
      • Lucca Province
        • Garfagnana
          • Sillano
    		http://www.mindat.org/picshow.php?id=8515
    Kyrgyzstan
     
    • Issyk-Kul'skaya Oblast
    		Pautov L.A., Belakovskii D.I., Baimagambetov B.K. Sulvanite: revision of specimens from museum funds and litherature data, new occurrence in South-Eastern Kirgizia, - Novye dannye o mineralah, Moscow, Nauka, 1989, v.36, p.91-100.
    Russia
     
    • Eastern-Siberian Region
      • Transbaikalia (Zabaykalye)
        • Irkutskaya Oblast'
          • Bodaibo Region
    		http://www.igem.ru/igem/chem/pt/sukhloge.htm
    • Northern Region
      • Murmanskaja oblast'
        • Kola peninsula
          • Khibiny Massif
            • Eveslogchorr Mt
              • 3rd left tributary of Vuonnemijok river
    		A.N. Labuntsov Mineralogical survey of central parts of Khibina massif (zircon, catapleiite and fersmanite localities), - Khibinskie apatity, 1933, N6, p. 202-209.
          • Lovozero Massif
            • Alluaiv Mt
              • Umbozero mine
    		Pavel M. Kartashov data
    Spain
     
    • Asturias
    		A. Paniagua et al. , Bull. Minéral. , 1988, 111, pp. 383-391.
    Sweden
     
    • Skåne
      • Helsingborg
        • Fjärestad
    		Bergström, J.& N.A.Shaikh SGU Rapp. Medd. 31,1982
    UK
     
    • England
      • Cornwall
        • Camborne - Redruth - St Day District
          • Camborne
            • Tuckingmill
    		Collins, J.H. (1892): "A Handbook to the Mineralogy of Cornwall and Devon", 2nd ed., D. Bradford Barton Ltd. (Truro, UK), pp. 108.
          • Redruth
    		Collins, J.H. (1892): "A Handbook to the Mineralogy of Cornwall and Devon", 2nd ed., D. Bradford Barton Ltd. (Truro, UK), pp. 108.
          • Treleigh
            • Scorrier
    		Collins, J.H. (1892): "A Handbook to the Mineralogy of Cornwall and Devon", 2nd ed., D. Bradford Barton Ltd. (Truro, UK), pp. 108.
        • St Erth - Gwithian Area
          • Gwinear
            • Carnhell Green
    		Collins, J.H. (1892): "A Handbook to the Mineralogy of Cornwall and Devon", 2nd ed., D. Bradford Barton Ltd. (Truro, UK), pp. 108.
      • Derbyshire
        • Castleton
    		[var: Elaterite] D Mycroft collection
    USA
     
    • Arkansas
      • Marion Co.
        • Georges Creek-Jimmie Creek District
          • Fairview
    		Arkansas Geological Commission
    [var: Elaterite] Williamson, 1932. Book of Amber, p.254.
    • Illinois
      • Hardin Co.
        • Illinois - Kentucky Fluorspar District
          • Cave-in-Rock Sub-District
    		No reference listed
            • Spar Mountain
              • Austin Group
      • Pope Co.
        • Illinois - Kentucky fluorspar District
          • Rosiclare Sub-District
            • Rosiclare
    • Iowa
      • Allamakee Co.
        • Postville
    		R&M 77:6 pp 404-413
      • Clayton Co.
        • Volga
    		R&M 77:6 pp 404-413
    • Kentucky
      • Fleming Co.
        • Flemingsburg
      • Livingston Co.
        • Illinois - Kentucky Fluorspar District
          • Salem
    		direct observation, published references on the mineralogy of the district
      • Meade Co.
        • Muldraugh (Fort Knox)
    • Michigan
      • Baraga Co.
        • Huron River
    		Rocks & Minerals 82:298-308
    • Mississippi
      • Lamar Co.
    		U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
    • New Jersey
      • Essex Co.
        • Glen Ridge
    		NJ State Geol. Ann. Rpt. (1906):154.
      • Middlesex Co.
        • Piscataway
          • Raritan River
    		The Minerals of New York City & Its Environs, New York Mineralogical Club Bull. Vil. 3, No. 1, Manchester, J.G. (1931): 80.
      • Somerset Co.
        • Bernards Township
    		Kent, B.P. and Butkowski, B. (2000): Minerals of the Millington Quarry, Somerset County, New Jersey. Mineralogical Record, 31: 410.
    • Ohio
      • Allen Co.
        • Bath Township
          • Lima
    		Minerals of Ohio by E.H. Carlson
      • Van Wert Co.
        • Delphos
    		Rocks & Min.: 63:128.
    [var: Elaterite] Amer. Chem. J., 1899, 21,478--499
      • Carbon Co.
        • Sunnyside
    		Sun Advocate - October 9, 1947
    Mineral and/or Locality
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