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Chalcoalumite

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Salmchâteau, Vielsalm, Stavelot Massif, Luxembourg Province, Belgium
© JDehove

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Formula:
CuAl
 
4
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
12
 · 3H
 
2
O
System:MonoclinicColour:Turquoise-green, pale ...
Lustre:Vitreous, DullHardness:2½
Member of:Chalcoalumite Group
Name:In allusion to its composition, containing copper (CHALC-) and ALUMinum.


Chalcoalumite Group.

A chalcoalumite-related, Sb-bearing mineral is described by Kolitsch et al. (2012). Its X-ray powder diffraction pattern is somewhat similar to that of chalcoalumite. The mineral may contain Sb(OH)6 groups replacing SO4 groups in the anionic interlayer.

Classification of Chalcoalumite

IMA status:Valid - first described prior to 1959 (pre-IMA) - "Grandfathered"
Strunz 8th edition ID:6/D.08-50
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:7.DD.75

7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
D : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) with additional anions, with H2O
D : With only medium-sized cations; sheets of edge-sharing octahedra
Dana 8th edition ID:31.3.1.1

31 : HYDRATED SULFATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
3 : (AB)5(XO4)Zq·xH2O
Hey's CIM Ref.:25.2.19

25 : Sulphates
2 : Sulphates of Cu and Ag
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Type Occurrence of Chalcoalumite

Type Locality:Copper Queen Mine (Halero Mine), Queen Hill, Bisbee, Warren District, Mule Mts, Cochise Co., Arizona, USA
General Appearance of Type Material:Thin crusts.
Year of Discovery:1925
Associated Minerals at type locality:
MalachiteLimoniteAzurite

Physical Properties of Chalcoalumite

Lustre:Vitreous, Dull
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent, Translucent
Comment:Outer layers of structures are vitreous.
Colour:Turquoise-green, pale blue, bluish-grey; colourless in transmitted light.
Streak:White
Hardness (Mohs):2½
Tenacity:Sectile
Cleavage:Distinct/Good
Several perfect probable. {100}
Density (measured):2.29 g/cm3
Density (calculated):2.25 g/cm3

Crystallography of Chalcoalumite

Crystal System:Monoclinic
Class (H-M):2 - Sphenoidal
Space Group:P21 {P1 1 21} {P21} {P1 21 1}
Cell Parameters:a = 17.09Å, b = 8.92Å, c = 10.22Å
β = 95.88°
Ratio:a:b:c = 1.916 : 1 : 1.146
Unit Cell Volume:V 1,549.77 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:Occurs as rather porous, botryoidal crusts comprised of minute, matted fibers. Relatively large, lath-like crystals coat the outsides of the structures.
Twinning:Twinning of the laths sometimes apparent with the composition face parallel to the long edge and nearly normal to the flat face. These exhibit re-entrant angles, with symmetrical faces and extinction.

Optical Data of Chalcoalumite

Type:Biaxial (+)
RI values: nα = 1.520 nβ = 1.520 nγ = 1.530
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.010

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Low
Dispersion:relatively strong r
Pleochroism:Weak
Comments:X= pale green
Y= colorless
Z= robin's egg blue
Comments:2V small.

Chemical Properties of Chalcoalumite

Formula:
CuAl
 
4
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
12
 · 3H
 
2
O
Essential elements:Al, Cu, H, O, S
All elements listed in formula:Al, Cu, H, O, S

Relationship of Chalcoalumite to other Species

Member of:Chalcoalumite Group
Other Members of Group:

- +
Kyrgyzstanite
ZnAl
 
4
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
12
·3H
 
2
O
Mbobomkulite
(Ni,Cu)Al
 
4
((NO
 
3
)
 
2
,SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
12
 · 3H
 
2
O
Nickelalumite
(Ni,Cu)Al
 
4
(SO
 
4
,(NO
 
3
)
 
2
)(OH)
 
12
 · 3H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):

- +
7.DD.05Felsőbányaite
Al
 
4
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
10
 · 4H
 
2
O
7.DD.10Langite
Cu
 
4
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
6
 · 2H
 
2
O
7.DD.10Posnjakite
Cu
 
4
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
6
 · H
 
2
O
7.DD.10Wroewolfeite
Cu
 
4
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
6
 · 2H
 
2
O
7.DD.15Spangolite
Cu
 
6
Al(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
12
Cl · 3H
 
2
O
7.DD.20Ktenasite
Zn(Cu,Zn)
 
4
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
 · 6H
 
2
O
7.DD.25Christelite
Cu
 
2
Zn
 
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
 · 4H
 
2
O
7.DD.30Campigliaite
Mn
2+
 
Cu
 
4
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
 · 4H
 
2
O
7.DD.30Devilline
CaCu
 
4
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
 · 3H
 
2
O
7.DD.30Orthoserpierite
Ca(Cu,Zn)
 
4
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
 · 3H
 
2
O
7.DD.30Serpierite
Ca(Cu,Zn)
 
4
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
 · 3H
 
2
O
7.DD.30Niedermayrite
CdCu
 
4
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
 · 4H
 
2
O
7.DD.30Edwardsite
Cu
 
3
Cd
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
·4H
 
2
O
7.DD.35Carrboydite
[(Ni
 
1-x
Al
 
x
)(OH)
 
2
][SO
 
4
]
 
x/2
 · nH
 
2
O
7.DD.35Glaucocerinite
(Zn
 
1-x
Al
 
x
)(OH)
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
x/2
 · nH
 
2
O
7.DD.35Honessite
(Ni
 
1-x
Fe
3+
x
)(OH)
 
2
[SO
 
4
]
 
x/2
 · nH
 
2
O
7.DD.35Hydrohonessite
(Ni
 
1-x
Fe
3+
x
)(OH)
 
2
[SO
 
4
]
 
x/2
 · nH
 
2
O
7.DD.35Motukoreaite
Mg
 
6
Al
 
3
(OH)
 
18
[Na(H
 
2
O)
 
6
][SO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 6H
 
2
O
7.DD.35Mountkeithite
[(Mg
 
1-x
Fe
3+
x
)(OH)
 
2
][SO
 
4
]
 
x/2
 · nH
 
2
O
7.DD.35Shigaite
Mn
 
6
Al
 
3
(OH)
 
18
[Na(H
 
2
O)
 
6
][SO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 6H
 
2
O
7.DD.35Wermlandite
Mg
 
7
Al
 
2
(OH)
 
18
[Ca(H
 
2
O)
 
6
][SO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 6H
 
2
O
7.DD.35Woodwardite
Cu
 
1-x
Al
 
x
(OH)
 
2
[SO
 
4
]
 
x/2
 · nH
 
2
O
7.DD.35Zincaluminite
Zn
 
6
Al
 
6
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
16
 · 5H
 
2
O
7.DD.35Hydrowoodwardite
(Cu
 
1-x
Al
 
x
)(OH)
 
2
[SO
 
4
]
 
x/2
 · nH
 
2
O
7.DD.35Zincowoodwardite
Zn
 
1-x
Al
 
x
(OH)
 
2
[SO
 
4
]
 
x/2
 · nH
 
2
O
7.DD.35Natroglaucocerinite
Na
 
x
Zn
 
8-y
Al
 
y
(SO
 
4
)
 
(x+y)/2
(OH)
 
16
 · 6H
 
2
O
7.DD.35Nikischerite
Fe
2+
6
Al
 
3
(OH)
 
18
[Na(H
 
2
O)
 
6
][SO
 
4
]
 
2
 · 6H
 
2
O
7.DD.40Lawsonbauerite
(Mn
2+
 
,Mg)
 
9
Zn
 
4
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
22
 · 8H
 
2
O
7.DD.40Torreyite
(Mg,Mn
2+
 
)
 
9
Zn
 
4
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
22
 · 8H
 
2
O
7.DD.45Mooreite
(Mg,Zn,Mn
2+
 
)
 
15
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
26
 · 8H
 
2
O
7.DD.50Namuwite
(Zn,Cu)
 
4
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
6
 · 4H
 
2
O
7.DD.55Bechererite
(Zn,Cu)
 
6
Zn
 
2
(SO
 
4
,HSiO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
12
7.DD.60Ramsbeckite
(Cu,Zn)
 
15
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
(OH)
 
22
 · 6H
 
2
O
7.DD.65Vonbezingite
Ca
 
6
Cu
 
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
(OH)
 
12
 · 2H
 
2
O
7.DD.70Redgillite
Cu
 
6
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
10
 · H
 
2
O
7.DD.75Nickelalumite
(Ni,Cu)Al
 
4
(SO
 
4
,(NO
 
3
)
 
2
)(OH)
 
12
 · 3H
 
2
O
7.DD.75Kyrgyzstanite
ZnAl
 
4
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
12
·3H
 
2
O
7.DD.80Guarinoite
(Zn,Co,Ni)
 
6
(SO
 
4
)(OH,Cl)
 
10
 · 5H
 
2
O
7.DD.80Schulenbergite
(Cu,Zn)
 
7
(SO
 
4
,CO
 
3
)
 
2
(OH)
 
10
 · 3H
 
2
O
7.DD.80Thérèsemagnanite
(Co,Zn,Ni)
 
6
(SO
 
4
)(OH,Cl)
 
10
 · 8H
 
2
O
7.DD.80UM1992-30-SO:CCuHZn
(Zn,Cu)
 
7
(SO
 
4
,CO
 
3
)
 
2
(OH)
 
10
 · 3H
 
2
O
7.DD.85Montetrisaite
Cu
 
6
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
10
 · 2H
 
2
O
Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:

- +
25.2.1Chalcocyanite
CuSO
 
4
25.2.2Bonattite
CuSO
 
4
 · 3H
 
2
O
25.2.3Chalcanthite
CuSO
 
4
 · 5H
 
2
O
25.2.4Boothite
CuSO
 
4
 · 7H
 
2
O
25.2.5Dolerophanite
Cu
 
2
(SO
 
4
)O
25.2.6Antlerite
Cu
 
3
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
4
25.2.7Brochantite
Cu
 
4
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
6
25.2.8Posnjakite
Cu
 
4
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
6
 · H
 
2
O
25.2.9Langite
Cu
 
4
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
6
 · 2H
 
2
O
25.2.10Wroewolfeite
Cu
 
4
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
6
 · 2H
 
2
O
25.2.11Kröhnkite
Na
 
2
Cu(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 2H
 
2
O
25.2.12Natrochalcite
NaCu
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH) · 2H
 
2
O
25.2.13Piypite
K
 
2
Cu
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
O
25.2.14Fedotovite
K
 
2
Cu
 
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
O
25.2.15Cyanochroite
K
 
2
Cu(SO
 
4
)
 
2
 · 6H
 
2
O
25.2.16Euchlorine
KNaCu
 
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
3
O
25.2.17Devilline
CaCu
 
4
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
 · 3H
 
2
O
25.2.18Leightonite
K
 
2
Ca
 
2
Cu(SO
 
4
)
 
4
 · 2H
 
2
O
25.2.20Cyanotrichite
Cu
 
4
Al
 
2
(SO
 
4
)(OH)
 
12
 · 2H
 
2
O
25.2.21Woodwardite
Cu
 
1-x
Al
 
x
(OH)
 
2
[SO
 
4
]
 
x/2
 · nH
 
2
O
25.2.22Campigliaite
Mn
2+
 
Cu
 
4
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6
 · 4H
 
2
O
25.2.23Guildite
CuFe
3+
 
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH) · 4H
 
2
O
25.2.24Ransomite
CuFe
 
2
(SO
 
4
)
 
4
 · 6H
 
2
O
25.2.26Klyuchevskite
K
 
3
Cu
 
3
(Fe
3+
 
,Al)(SO
 
4
)
 
4
O
 
2
25.2.27Poitevinite
(Cu,Fe,Zn)SO
 
4
 · H
 
2
O
25.2.28Argentojarosite
AgFe
3+
3
(SO
 
4
)
 
2
(OH)
 
6

Other Names for Chalcoalumite

Other Languages:
German:Chalcoalumit
Chalkoalumit
Spanish:Chalcoalumita

Other Information

Other Information:Slowly soluble in cold dilute acids. Observed altered to Gibbsite.
Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

References for Chalcoalumite

Reference List:

- +
Larsen, E.S. and Vassar, H.E. (1925) Chalcoalumite, a new mineral from Bisbee, Arizona. American Mineralogist: 10: 79-83.

Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 7th edition, revised and enlarged, 1124 pp.: 580-581.

Williams, S.A. and Khin, B.S. (1971) Chalcoalumite from Bisbee, Arizona. Mineralogical Record: 2: 126-127.

Kolitsch, U. & Brandstätter, F. (2012): 1772) Chalkoalumit, ein Chalkoalumit-ähnliches Mineral, Magnesiochromit, Pyrolusit, Ranciéit und Todorokit vom Magnesitbergbau Breitenau am Hochlantsch, Steiermark. Pp. 169-171 in Niedermayr, G. et al. (2012): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LX. Carinthia II, 202./122., 123-180.

Internet Links for Chalcoalumite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
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    • Localities for Chalcoalumite

    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
    Hide Locality List
    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Australia
     
    • Queensland
      • Mount Isa - Cloncurry area
        • Gunpowder District
          • Mount Gordon
    		Day, B. E. & Beyer, B. D. (1996): Some mines of the Mt Isa district. Part 3 - The Mt Oxide mine. Australian J. of Mineralogy 2 (1), 3-10.
    • Tasmania
      • Scamander district
    		Bottrill & Baker (in prep) Catalogue of minerals of Tasmania
    Austria
     
    • Carinthia
      • Gurktaler Alpen
        • St Veit an der Glan
          • Äußere Wimitz
    		G. Blass, A. Pichler: Carinthia II 191./111.: 43-55 (2001)
    G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995
    • Salzburg
      • Hohe Tauern
        • Habach valley
          • Nasenkopf
    		Brandstätter, F., Hirche, T., Niedermayr, G. & Walter, F. (2010): 1638) Azurit, Brochantit, Devillin, Linarit, Luddenit (?), Malachit, Mottramit und Wulfenit sowie andere Mineralien aus der Greinerrinne im Habachtal, Salzburg. Pp. 225-227 in Niedermayr et al. (2010): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LIX. Carinthia II, 200./120., 199-260.
      • Kitzbühel Alps
        • Zell am See
          • Uttendorf
    		U. Kolitsch, H. Putz, R. Poeverlein und F. Brandstätter (2012): Die Mineralien des bronzezeitlichen Bergbaus auf der Viertalalm oberhalb Uttendorf, im Salzburger Pinzgau. Aufschluss 63, 329-335 (in German).
    • Styria
      • Fischbacher Alpen
        • St. Jakob-Breitenau
          • Hochlantsch
    		U.Kolitsch 2011; Kolitsch, U. & Brandstätter, F. (2012): 1772) Chalkoalumit, ein Chalkoalumit-ähnliches Mineral, Magnesiochromit, Pyrolusit, Ranciéit und Todorokit vom Magnesitbergbau Breitenau am Hochlantsch, Steiermark. Pp. 169-171 in Niedermayr, G. et al. (2012): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LXI. Carinthia II, 202./122., 123-180.
      • Liesing - Palten valley
        • Seiz
          • Wolfsgruben (Wolfgruben)
    		Kolitsch, U., Postl, W., Brandstätter, F., Bernhard, F., Leikauf, B. & Auer, Ch. (2011): 1713) Beaverit-(Cu), Brochantit, Carbonat-Cyanotrichit, Chalkoalumit und Schwefel aus dem Kupfer-Vorkommen der Wolfsgruben bei Seiz, Liesing-Paltental, Steiermark. Pp. 179-181 in Niedermayr, G. et al. (2011): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LX. Carinthia II, 201./121., 135-186.
    • Tyrol
      • North Tyrol
        • Pitz valley
          • St Leonhard
    		Gröbner, J. & Kolitsch, U. (2012): 1741) Brochantit, Chalkoalumit, Carbonatcyanotrichit, Langit, Posnjakit und weitere Mineralien aus einem alten Kupferschurf beim Krummen See bei St. Leonhard im Pitztal, Tirol. Pp. 147-148 in Niedermayr, G. et al. (2012): Neue Mineralfunde aus Österreich LXI. Carinthia II, 202./122., 123-180.
    Belgium
     
    • Liège Province
      • Verviers
        • Plombières-Vieille Montagne District (Plombières-Altenberg)
          • Plombières (Bleyberg)
    		van Tassel, R., (1979): Minéraux artificiels ou de néoformation à Plombières et Sclaigneaux, Belgique, Bulletin de la Societe Belge de Géologie, 88 (4), 273-279
    • Luxembourg Province
      • Stavelot Massif
        • Vielsalm
    		du Ry, P., Fouassin, M., Jedwab, J. & Van Tassel, R. (1976): Occurence de chalcoalumite, de minéraux de tellure (teinéite et paratellurite) et de béryl à Salmchâteau, Ardennes belges. Annales de la Société Géologique de Belgique, 99, 47.; Handbook of Mineralogy
    • Namur Province
      • Andenne
    		No reference listed
    Bulgaria
     
    • Smolyan Oblast
      • Rhodope Mts
        • Madan ore field
    		Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Annual Report No. 13, 43-45.
    Canada
     
    • British Columbia
      • Kamloops Mining Division
        • Cache Creek
    		[MinRec 15:92]
    Chile
     
    • Atacama Region
      • Copiapó Province
        • Zapallar district
    		Samples analysed by Dr. Jochen Schluter (Hamburg University), Germany.
    • Tarapacá Region
      • Iquique Province
        • Caleta Chanabaya
    		Luigi Mattei specimen
        • Collahuasi District
    		Samples analysed by Dr. Jochen Schluter (Hamburg University), Germany; http://www.lrz-muenchen.de/~mineralogische-sammlungen-dmg/analysen/Cyanotrichit.htm
    France
     
    • Brittany
      • Finistère
        • Poullaouen
    		Germain C., Leydet J-C., Saget Ph. (1990), Les minéraux de néoformation de Huelgoat (Finistère), Le Cahier des Micromonteurs, n°3, 3-16
    • Languedoc-Roussillon
      • Gard
        • Alzon
    		Patrice Queneau Collection
    Germany
     
    • Hesse
      • Richelsdorf District
        • Süss
          • Richelsdorf Smelter
    		S. Weiß: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
    • Lower Saxony
      • Harz
        • Clausthal-Zellerfeld
          • Oberschulenberg
    		Schellhorn, M., (1989): Neufunde von den Halden der Grube Glücksrad bei Oberschulenberg/Harz, Der Aufschluss, Vol. 40(2), 121-123
    • North Rhine-Westphalia
      • Bergisches Land
        • Engelskirchen
          • Loope
    		Habel, B. & Linder, R. (2009): Die Grube "Castor" bei Loope und ihre Mineralien. Mineralien-Welt 20 (3), 10-23
      • Siegerland
        • Eiserfeld
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    Henrich, J. M. (2010): Chalkoalumit - Rarität aus dem Siegerland. Mineralien-Welt 21 (4), 14-17.
          • Kohlenbach Valley
    		Henrich, M. (2009): Mineralien-Welt 20 (5), 14-27.
        • Gosenbach
    		Henrich, J. M. (2010): Chalkoalumit - Rarität aus dem Siegerland. Mineralien-Welt 21 (4), 14-17.
    Henrich & Reinhardt (2008); Henrich, J. M. (2010): Chalkoalumit - Rarität aus dem Siegerland. Mineralien-Welt 21 (4), 14-17.
        • Müsen
    		Mineralien-Welt 6/2007, 48-55
        • Neunkirchen
    		Henrich, J. M. (2010): Chalkoalumit - Rarität aus dem Siegerland. Mineralien-Welt 21 (4), 14-17.
        • Niederschelden
    		Henrich, J. M. (2010): Chalkoalumit - Rarität aus dem Siegerland. Mineralien-Welt 21 (4), 14-17.
        • Siegen
          • Achenbach
    		Reinhardt (1997); Henrich, J. M. (2010): Chalkoalumit - Rarität aus dem Siegerland. Mineralien-Welt 21 (4), 14-17.
    • Rhineland-Palatinate
      • Siegerland
        • Betzdorf
          • Brachbach
    		Henrich, J. M. (2010): Chalkoalumit - Rarität aus dem Siegerland. Mineralien-Welt 21 (4), 14-17.
    Henrich, J. M. (2010): Chalkoalumit - Rarität aus dem Siegerland. Mineralien-Welt 21 (4), 14-17.
        • Gebhardshain
          • Kausen
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundstellen in Deutschland", 2001
        • Herdorf
    		Reinhardt & Henrich (2005); Henrich, J. M. (2010): Chalkoalumit - Rarität aus dem Siegerland. Mineralien-Welt 21 (4), 14-17.
        • Wissen
          • Schönstein (Steckenstein)
    		Henrich, J. M. (2010): Chalkoalumit - Rarität aus dem Siegerland. Mineralien-Welt 21 (4), 14-17.
    • Saxony
      • Erzgebirge
        • Annaberg District
          • Königswalde
    		J. Gröbner und U. Kolitsch (2006): Neufunde aus dem Erzgebirge (II). Mineralien-Welt 17 (3), 22-27.
    Lapis 30(7/8):78-80 (2005)
    Greece
     
    • Attikí (Attica; Attika) Prefecture
      • Lavrion (Laurion; Laurium) District
        • Lavrion District Mines
          • Agios Konstantinos [St Constantine] (Kamariza)
            • Kamariza Mines (Kamareza Mines)
    		No reference listed
    GRÖBNER, J. (2001): Roter Skorodit und weitere ungewöhnliche Arsenate: Die Mineralien des Abbaus 132 der Grube Christiana, Lavrion/Griechenland. Lapis, 26 (11), 13-21.
    Italy
     
    • Liguria
      • Genova Province
        • Sestri Levante
    		Palenzona, A. & Borgo, E. (1988): I Nostri Minerali. Geologia e Mineralogia in Liguria. Aggiornamento 1988. Sagep, Ed., Genova
    • Piedmont
      • Alessandria Province
        • Voltaggio
    		Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007): Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta. Associazione Amici del Museo F. Eusebio - Alba, Ed., Alba (Cuneo), 607 pp.
    • Sardinia
      • Cagliari Province
        • Villaputzu
    		Ciriotti M.E. and Blass.G. (2010) - Pot-pourri 2009: identificazioni UKiS AMI. Minerali italiani di interesse.. Micro (UK report), pagg. 124-127
      • Nuoro Province
        • Gadoni
    		Ciriotti, M.E., Bortolozzi, G. Blass, G. (2007): Chalcoalumite, ex UM di Funtana Raminosa, Gadoni, Nuoro, Sardegna centrale. Micro (UK report), 1/2007, 51-54.
    • Tuscany
      • Grosseto Province
        • Massa Marittima
    		Sabelli C., Olmi F., Brizzi G., Meli R., 1996. Serrabottini (GR): recenti ritrovamenti nelle antiche discariche. Riv. Mineral. Ital., 19
    Japan
     
    • Honshu Island
      • Chubu Region
        • Niigata Prefecture
          • Aga-machi (Higashi-Kanbara-gun)
    		Kojiro, T. et al (1999) Suisyou, 12, #1, 9-14.
      • Kinki Region
        • Hyogo Prefecture
          • Taka-gun
    		Matsubara, S. and Miyawaki, R. (2006) Catalogue of Japanese Minerals. (National Science Museum, Tokyo)
    Poland
     
    • Lower Silesia (Dolnośląskie)
      • Kaczawskie Mts
        • Radzimowice
          • Stara Góra
            • Stara Góra deposit
    		1. R. Siuda, 2001 : New sulphate minerals from the Stara Góra oxidised zone, Radzimowice, Kaczawskie Mts., Mineralogical Society of Poland, Special Papers, vol 18, 186-188
    Romania
     
    • Caraş-Severin Co.
      • Banat Mts
        • Moldova Nouă-Sasca Cu-Mo ore field
    		www.minerals-of-the-carpathians,2009
    • Harghita Co.
    		Editor:Szakáll,www.minerals-of-the-carpathians.eu
    Slovakia
     
    • Banská Bystrica Region
      • Banská Bystrica Co.
        • Ľubietová
    		Sejkora, J. (1993): Zajímavé nálezy nerostu v České republice a na Slovesnku. Bull. mineral.-petrolog. Odd. Nár. Muz., 1, 108-113.
    South Africa
     
    • Mpumalanga Province
      • Nelspruit District
    		Martini, J.E.J. et al (1997), "Mbobo Mkulu Cave, South Africa", in "Cave Minerals of the World" (1997)
    Minerals of South Africa
    Spain
     
    • Catalonia
      • Barcelona
        • Vallès Occidental
          • Sant Cugat del Vallès-El Papiol
    		Mineralogistes de Catalunya, 1994. VI(2/3): 34-77
    Sweden
     
    • Lappland
      • Kiruna
    		No reference listed
    • Värmland
      • Arvika
        • Gunnarskog
    		Persson, A. (2006): Källargruvan. Paper published on www.k1q.net/skarn 15-06-2000.
    Switzerland
     
    • Wallis (Valais)
      • Anniviers Valley
        • Saint-Luc
    		Ansermet, S. (2012): Mines et minéraux du Valais - II. Anniviers et Tourtemagne. With contributions by N. Meisser, Ed. Porte-plumes (Ayer)
    UK
     
    • England
      • Cornwall
        • Mount's Bay District
          • St Hilary
    		[Golley & Williams, 1995, 15 - "Cornish Mineral Reference Manual"]
        • St Agnes District
          • St Agnes
    		Ansermet, S. (2007): Lapis 32(2), 25-26, 50
      • Devon
        • Tavistock District
          • Tavistock Hamlets
    		Braithwaite, R.S.W., and Cooper, B.V. (1982): Mineralogical Magazine 46, 119-126
    • Wales
      • Gwynedd (Caernarvonshire)
        • Mt Snowdon
    		Amer.Min.(1985) 70, 411-413
      • Gwynedd (Merionethshire)
        • Dolgellau Gold Belt
          • Bontddu
            • Vigra Mine
    		BMS Database
    USA
     
    • Arizona
      • Cochise Co.
        • Dragoon Mts
          • Turquoise District (Courtland-Gleeson District)
            • Courtland
              • Casey Hill
    		Rolf Luetcke
    Rolf Luetcke
        • Mule Mts
          • Warren District
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 162; Galbraith, F.W. & D.J. Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 37; Min.Rec.: 12: 299; American Mineralogist: 10: 79-83; Mineralogical Record: 2: 126-127.
    Van King
              • Queen Hill
    		Palache, C., Berman, H., & Frondel, C. (1951), The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 580.
    Van King
              • Sacramento Hill
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 162; Williams, S.A. & B. Khin (1971), Chalcoalumite from Bisbee, AZ, Min.Rec.: 2: 126-127.
      • Coconino Co.
        • Grandview District
          • Grand Canyon National Park
            • Horseshoe Mesa
              • Cape Royal
    		Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd. ed.: 162; Leicht, W.C. (1971), Minerals of the Grandview mine, Min.Rec.: 2: 214-221.
      • Gila Co.
        • Dripping Spring Mts
          • Banner District
            • Hayden area
              • Chilito
    		No reference listed
    • Colorado
      • San Juan Co.
        • Animas District
          • Silver Lake Basin
    		Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckels, E. B.
    • Nevada
      • Churchill Co.
        • Table Mountain District
          • Cottonwood Canyon
            • Bolivia
    		NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada
    • Utah
      • San Juan Co.
        • White Canyon District
          • White Canyon
    		Anatoly Kasatkin analyses
      • Tooele Co.
        • Oquirrh Mts
          • Ophir District
            • Ophir Hill area
    		Rocks & Minerals 83:1 pp 52-62
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