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Chenite

Big Photo

Meadowfoot Smelter (slag locality), Wanlockhead, Leadhills-Wanlockhead District, Dumfries & Galloway (Dumfries-shire) and Strathclyde (Lanarkshire), Scotland, UK
© Stephan Wolfsried

Show Chenite Photos (16)
Formula:
Pb
 
4
Cu[(OH)
 
3
|SO
 
4
]
 
2
System:TriclinicColour:Pale blue
Hardness:2½
Name:For Canadian mineralogist, Tzong T. Chen (b. 1942)


Linarite-Chenite Group.

Classification of Chenite

IMA status:Approved 1983
Strunz 8th edition ID:6/B.10-30
Nickel-Strunz 10th (pending) edition ID:7.BC.70

7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
B : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) with additional anions, without H2O
C : With medium-sized and large cations
Dana 8th edition ID:30.1.16.1

30 : ANHYDROUS SULFATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
1 : (AB)m(XO4)pZq, where m:p>2:1
Hey's CIM Ref.:25.7.8

25 : Sulphates
7 : Sulphates of Pb
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Type Occurrence of Chenite

Type Locality:Susanna Mine (Glennery Scar Vein; Susanna Vein (Scar Vein); Portobello Vein; Humby Vein; Lead Vein), Leadhills, Leadhills-Wanlockhead District, Dumfries & Galloway (Dumfries-shire) and Strathclyde (Lanarkshire), Scotland, UK
Year of Discovery:1986

Physical Properties of Chenite

Lustre:Adamantine
Diaphaneity (Transparency):Transparent, Translucent
Colour:Pale blue
Hardness (Mohs):2½
Hardness Data:Measured
Cleavage:Distinct/Good
On {100}.
Density (measured):5.98 g/cm3
Density (calculated):6.044 g/cm3

Crystallography of Chenite

Crystal System:Triclinic
Class (H-M):1 - Pinacoidal
Space Group:P1
Cell Parameters:a = 5.791(1) Å, b = 7.940(1) Å, c = 7.976(1) Å
α = 112.02(1)°, β = 97.73(1)°, γ = 100.45(1)°
Ratio:a:b:c = 0.729 : 1 : 1.005
Unit Cell Volume:V 326.00 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:1
Morphology:Tabular, pointed, rich in faces.

Optical Data of Chenite

Type:Biaxial (-)
RI values: nα = 1.871 nβ = 1.909 nγ = 1.927
2V:Measured: 67° , Calculated: 66°
Maximum Birefringence:δ = 0.056

Chart shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness) and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:Very High
Dispersion:very strong

Chemical Properties of Chenite

Formula:
Pb
 
4
Cu[(OH)
 
3
|SO
 
4
]
 
2
Essential elements:Cu, H, O, Pb, S
All elements listed in formula:Cu, H, O, Pb, S

Relationship of Chenite to other Species

Related to:
  • Linarite-Chenite Group
    • Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping):
    7.BC.05D'Ansite
    Na
     
    21
    		Mg(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    10
    		Cl
     
    3
    7.BC.10Alunite
    KAl
     
    3
    		[(OH)
     
    3
    		|SO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    7.BC.10Ammonioalunite
    (NH
     
    4
    		)Al
     
    3
    		[(OH)
     
    3
    		|SO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    7.BC.10Ammoniojarosite
    (NH
     
    4
    		)Fe
    3+
    3
    		[(OH)
     
    3
    		|SO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    7.BC.10Argentojarosite
    AgFe
    3+
    3
    		[(OH)
     
    3
    		|SO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    7.BC.10Beaverite
    Pb(Fe
    3+
     
    		,Cu,Al)
     
    3
    		[(OH)
     
    3
    		|SO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    7.BC.10Dorallcharite
    (Tl,K)Fe
    3+
    3
    		[(OH)
     
    3
    		|SO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    7.BC.10Huangite
    CaAl
     
    6
    		[(OH)
     
    3
    		|SO
     
    4
    		]
     
    4
    7.BC.10Hydroniumjarosite
    (H
     
    3
    		O)Fe
    3+
    3
    		(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		(OH)
     
    6
    7.BC.10Jarosite
    KFe
    3+
     
     
    3
    		[(OH)
     
    3
    		|SO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    7.BC.10Minamiite
    (Na,Ca
     
    0.5
    		,K)Al
     
    3
    		[(OH)
     
    3
    		|SO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    7.BC.10Natroalunite
    (Na,K)Al
     
    3
    		[(OH)
     
    3
    		|SO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    7.BC.10Natrojarosite
    NaFe
     
    3
    		[(OH)
     
    3
    		|SO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    7.BC.10Osarizawaite
    Pb(Al,Cu)
     
    3
    		[(OH,H
     
    2
    		O)
     
    3
    		|SO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    7.BC.10Plumbojarosite
    PbFe
    3+
    6
    		[(OH)
     
    3
    		|SO
     
    4
    		]
     
    4
    7.BC.10Walthierite
    BaAl
     
    6
    		[(OH)
     
    3
    		|SO
     
    4
    		]
     
    4
    7.BC.15Ye'elimite
    Ca
     
    4
    		Al
     
    6
    		[O
     
    12
    		|SO
     
    4
    		]
    7.BC.20Atlasovite
    K(BiO)Cu
     
    6
    		Fe
    3+
     
    		[Cl|O
     
    3
    		|(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    5
    		]
    7.BC.20Nabokoite
    KCu
     
    7
    		Te
    4+
     
    		[Cl|O
     
    4
    		|(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    5
    		]
    7.BC.25Chlorothionite
    K
     
    2
    		Cu[Cl
     
    2
    		|SO
     
    4
    		]
    7.BC.30Euchlorine
    KNaCu
     
    3
    		[O|(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    7.BC.30Fedotovite
    K
     
    2
    		Cu
     
    3
    		[O|(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    7.BC.35Kamchatkite
    KCu
     
    3
    		[O|Cl|(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		]
    7.BC.40Piypite
    K
     
    2
    		Cu
     
    2
    		[O|(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		]
    7.BC.45Klyuchevskite
    K
     
    3
    		Cu
     
    3
    		(Fe
    3+
     
    		,Al)[O|(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		]
     
    2
    7.BC.45Alumoklyuchevskite
    K
     
    3
    		Cu
     
    3
    		(Al,Fe
    3+
     
    		)[O|(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		]
     
    2
    7.BC.50Caledonite
    Cu
     
    2
    		Pb
     
    5
    		[(OH)
     
    6
    		|CO
     
    3
    		|(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    3
    		]
    7.BC.55Wherryite
    Pb
     
    4
    		CuCO
     
    3
    		(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		(Cl,OH)
     
    2
    		O
    7.BC.60Mammothite
    Pb
     
    6
    		Cu
     
    4
    		AlSb[(OH)
     
    9
    		|Cl
     
    2
    		|SO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    7.BC.65Linarite
    PbCu[(OH)
     
    2
    		|SO
     
    4
    		]
    7.BC.65Schmiederite
    Pb
     
    2
    		Cu
     
    2
    		[(OH)
     
    4
    		|SeO
     
    3
    		|SeO
     
    4
    		]
    7.BC.65Munakataite
    Pb
     
    2
    		Cu
     
    2
    		(Se
    4+
     
    		O
     
    3
    		)(SO
     
    4
    		)(OH)
     
    4
    7.BC.75Krivovichevite
    Pb
     
    3
    		[Al(OH)
     
    6
    		](SO
     
    4
    		)(OH)
    7.BC.80Anhydrokainite
    KMgClSO
     
    4
    Related Minerals - Hey's Index Grouping:
    25.7.1Schaurteite
    Ca
     
    3
    		Ge[(OH)
     
    6
    		|(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		] · 4H
     
    2
    		O
    25.7.2Zircosulfate
    (Zr,Ti)(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		·4H
     
    2
    		O
    25.7.3Anglesite
    PbSO
     
    4
    25.7.4Lanarkite
    Pb
     
    2
    		[O|SO
     
    4
    		]
    25.7.5Palmierite
    (K,Na)
     
    2
    		Pb(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    25.7.6Linarite
    PbCu[(OH)
     
    2
    		|SO
     
    4
    		]
    25.7.7Elyite
    Pb
     
    4
    		Cu(SO
     
    4
    		)O
     
    2
    		(OH)
     
    4
    		·H
     
    2
    		O
    25.7.9Osarizawaite
    Pb(Al,Cu)
     
    3
    		[(OH,H
     
    2
    		O)
     
    3
    		|SO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    25.7.10Itoite
    Pb
     
    3
    		Ge
    4+
     
    		[O|OH|SO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    25.7.11Fleischerite
    Pb
     
    3
    		Ge[(OH)
     
    6
    		|(SO
     
    4
    		)
     
    2
    		] · 3H
     
    2
    		O
    25.7.12Beaverite
    Pb(Fe
    3+
     
    		,Cu,Al)
     
    3
    		[(OH)
     
    3
    		|SO
     
    4
    		]
     
    2
    25.7.13Plumbojarosite
    PbFe
    3+
    6
    		[(OH)
     
    3
    		|SO
     
    4
    		]
     
    4

    Other Names for Chenite

    Synonyms:
    IMA1983-069
    German names:
    Chenit
    Russian names:
    Ченит
    Spanish names:
    Chenita

    Other Information

    Health Warning:No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

    References for Chenite

    Reference List:Paar, W. H., Mereiter, K., Braithwaite, R. S. W., Keller, P. and Dunn, P. J. (1986), "Chenite, Pb4Cu(SO4)2(OH)6, a new mineral, from Leadhills, Scotland": Mineralogical Magazine: 50: 129-135.

    American Mineralogist: 72: 222.

    Hess, H., Keller., P. and Riffel, H. (1988): The crystal structure of chenite, Pb4Cu(OH)6(SO4)2. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte 1988, 259-264.

    Krause, W. (1991): Chenit von der Grube Virneberg bei Rheinbreitbach. Aufschluss 42, 147-153. (in German)

    Internet Links for Chenite

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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
  • American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database
  • Search for Chenite in the Natural History Museum (London) online catalogue
  • Chenite details from Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF)
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    Localities for Chenite

    Hide Locality List
    The map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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    (TL) indicates type locality. ? indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. All other localities listed without reference should be considered as uncertain and unproven until references can be found.
    Austria
     
    • Carinthia
      • Friesach - Hüttenberg area
        • St Martin am Silberberg
    		Blaß, G., Graf, H.-W. & Pichler, A. (1997): Sekundäre Neubildungen in Schlacken von St. Martin am Silberberg in Kärnten (1). Mineralien-Welt, 8(5), 42-45.
    • Styria
      • Niedere Tauern Mts
        • Öblarn
          • Walchen
    		[Lapis 1992: 2 p.19-30]
    Belgium
     
    • Limburg Province
      • Dilsen-Stokkem
    • Namur Province
      • Andenne
    		No reference listed
    France
     
    • Brittany
      • Finistère
        • Poullaouen
    		Germain C., Leydet J-C., Saget Ph. (1990), Les minéraux de néoformation de Huelgoat (Finistère), Le Cahier des Micromonteurs, n°3, 3-16
    • Languedoc-Roussillon
      • Aude
        • Narbonne
          • Tuchan
            • Padern
    		Favreau, G., Berbain, C. & Meisser, N. (2003): Cyanophyllite et autres minéraux rares de Padern (Aude). Le Cahiers des Micromonteurs, 82(4), 17-23.
    • Rhône-Alpes
      • Loire
        • La Pacaudière
    		No reference listed
    Germany
     
    • Baden-Württemberg
      • Black Forest
        • Badenweiler
          • Badenweiler Pb mining District
            • Sehringen
    		Schlomann, C. and Steen, H. (1990) Neue Mineralfunde aus dem Bergbaugebiet von Badenweiler im Südschwarzwald. Lapis, 15 (12), 13-20; 50. (in German)
    S. Weiss: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
        • Emmendingen
          • Freiamt Pb-Cu mining District
    		K. Walenta: "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich), 1992
        • St Blasien
    		K. Walenta: "Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes", Weise (Munich), 1992
    • Lower Saxony
      • Harz Mts
        • Clausthal-Zellerfeld
          • Oberschulenberg
    		Schnorrer-Köhler, G. (1991): Mineralogische Notizen V, Der Aufschluss, Vol. 42, 155-171
        • Goslar
          • Astfeld
    		No reference listed
        • Lautenthal
    		No reference listed
    • North Rhine-Westphalia
      • Sauerland
        • Meschede
          • Ramsbeck
    		Weiss: "Mineralienfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990
        • Sundern
          • Bönkhausen
    		Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001
    • Rhineland-Palatinate
      • Westerwald
        • Rheinbreitbach
    		Krause, W. (1991): Chenit von der Grube Virneberg bei Rheinbreitbach, Der Aufschluss, Vol. 42, 147-153
    Greece
     
    • Attikí (Attica; Attika) Prefecture
      • Lavrion (Laurion; Laurium) District
        • Lavrion District Mines
          • Sounion Area
            • Agia Varvara Mines (St Barbara Mines)
    		No reference listed
    UK
     
    • England
      • Cumbria
        • North and Western Region (Cumberland)
          • Caldbeck Fells
    		UKJMM 16
    • Scotland
      • Dumfries & Galloway (Dumfries-shire) and Strathclyde (Lanarkshire)
        • Leadhills-Wanlockhead District
          • Leadhills
    		BMS Database
    W. H. Paar et al.: Mineral. Mag. 50:129-135 (1986)
          • Wanlockhead
    		BMS Database
    S Rust collection
    S.Rust collection
    • Wales
      • Ceredigion (Dyfed; Cardiganshire)
        • Ceulanymaesmawr
          • Talybont
    		S Rust
            • Nant-y-Moch Reservoir area
    		UKJMM 18
        • Trefeirig
          • Pen-bont Rhydybeddau
    		[UK Journal of Mines and Minerals No.14 p.9]
    Mineral and/or Locality
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