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Арсенопирит is a synonym of Arsenopyrite.
Arsenopyrite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
This page kindly sponsored by Mark Kucera
About Arsenopyrite
Formula:
FeAsS
Colour:
Silver-white to steel-gray, may have a slight yellow appearance
Lustre:
Metallic, Sub-Metallic
Hardness:
5½ - 6
Specific Gravity:
6.07
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Name:
Named in 1847 by Ernst Friedrich Glocker for its composition, a contraction of the antiquated term "arsenical pyrite." Arsenopyrite was known much before 1847 and arsenopyrite, as a name, may be taken as a simple translation of "arsenkies".
Arsenopyrite Group.
For possible Ni-analogue see Unnamed (Ni,Fe,Co)AsS; see also Unnamed (Ni Arsenide Sulphide). Arsenopyrite is closely related to alloclasite, but is not an exact analogue, because of different As-S and S-As ordering.
Arsenopyrite may contain up to about 9 wt.% Co; with higher Co contents, glaucodot will appear as a separate phase (Gammon, 1966).
May be confused with the iron arsenide löllingite.
For possible Ni-analogue see Unnamed (Ni,Fe,Co)AsS; see also Unnamed (Ni Arsenide Sulphide). Arsenopyrite is closely related to alloclasite, but is not an exact analogue, because of different As-S and S-As ordering.
Arsenopyrite may contain up to about 9 wt.% Co; with higher Co contents, glaucodot will appear as a separate phase (Gammon, 1966).
May be confused with the iron arsenide löllingite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
305
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:305:8
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
cb7720ec-136f-4155-8922-8ed3ab0dd59f
IMA Classification of Arsenopyrite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
Classification of Arsenopyrite
2.EB.20
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
E : Metal Sulfides, M: S <= 1:2
B : M:S = 1:2, with Fe, Co, Ni, PGE, etc.
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
E : Metal Sulfides, M: S <= 1:2
B : M:S = 1:2, with Fe, Co, Ni, PGE, etc.
Dana 7th ed.:
2.12.4.1
2.12.4.1
2 : SULFIDES
12 : AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 1:2
2 : SULFIDES
12 : AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 1:2
3.9.12
3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
9 : Sulphides etc. of Fe
3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
9 : Sulphides etc. of Fe
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Apy | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Apy | Kretz (1983) | Kretz, R. (1983) Symbols of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 68, 277–279. |
Apy | Siivolam & Schmid (2007) | Siivolam, J. and Schmid, R. (2007) Recommendations by the IUGS Subcommission on the Systematics of Metamorphic Rocks: List of mineral abbreviations. Web-version 01.02.07. IUGS Commission on the Systematics in Petrology. download |
Apy | Whitney & Evans (2010) | Whitney, D.L. and Evans, B.W. (2010) Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 95, 185–187 doi:10.2138/am.2010.3371 |
Apy | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download |
Physical Properties of Arsenopyrite
Metallic, Sub-Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Silver-white to steel-gray, may have a slight yellow appearance
Comment:
Tarnished material common
Streak:
Gray-black
Hardness:
5½ - 6 on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN100=1081 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Comment:
VHN on (001) section
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
Distinct on {001}; {010} in traces
Distinct on {001}; {010} in traces
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
6.07(15) g/cm3 (Measured) 6.18 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Arsenopyrite
Anisotropism:
Strong red-violet
Reflectivity:
Wavelength | R1 | R2 |
---|---|---|
400nm | 50.3% | 51.8% |
420nm | 50.3% | 51.8% |
440nm | 51.3% | 51.8% |
460nm | 50.6% | 51.8% |
480nm | 51.0% | 51.9% |
500nm | 51.4% | 51.9% |
520nm | 51.8% | 51.9% |
540nm | 52.2% | 51.9% |
560nm | 52.5% | 51.9% |
580nm | 53.0% | 51.8% |
600nm | 53.4% | 51.6% |
620nm | 53.6% | 51.5% |
640nm | 53.6% | 51.3% |
660nm | 53.6% | 51.3% |
680nm | 53.4% | 51.2% |
700nm | 53.2% | 51.0% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Top of box is 100%. Peak reflectance is 53.6%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Colour in reflected light:
White with faint yellow tint
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
White or bluish tint, faint reddish yellow
Chemistry of Arsenopyrite
Mindat Formula:
FeAsS
Elements listed:
Common Impurities:
Ag,Au,Co,Sn,Ni,Sb,Bi,Cu,Pb
Crystallography of Arsenopyrite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P21/b
Setting:
P21/c
Cell Parameters:
a = 5.7612(8) Å, b = 5.6841(7) Å, c = 5.7674(8) Å
β = 111.721(8)°
β = 111.721(8)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.014 : 1 : 1.015
Unit Cell V:
175.46 ų
Z:
4
Morphology:
Flat tabular to blocky (sometimes pseudo-octahedral) to prismatic.
Twinning:
Common on {100} and {001}. Contact or penetration on {101}, on {012} trillings or cruciform.
Comment:
Cell parameters from Bindi et al. (2012), using stoichiometric crystals. Pseudo-orthorhombic, face-centred cell: ~5.7, ~6.4, ~9.6 A.
Crystallographic forms of Arsenopyrite
Crystal Atlas:
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0000112 | Arsenopyrite | Morimoto N, Clark L A (1961) Arsenopyrite crystal-chemical relations From Freiberg, Germany American Mineralogist 46 1448-1469 | 1961 | 0 | 293 | ||
0019195 | Arsenopyrite | Bindi L, Moelo Y, Leone P, Suchaud M (2012) Stoichiometric arsenopyrite, FeAsS, from La Roche-Balue Quarry, Loire-Atlantique, France: Crystal structure and Mossbauer study The Canadian Mineralogist 50 471-479 | 2012 | La Roche-Balue Quarry, Loire-Atlantique, France | 0 | 293 | |
0016964 | Arsenopyrite | Buerger M (1936) The symmetry and crystal structure of the minerals of the arsenopyrite group Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 95 83-113 | 1936 | St Peter mine, Spindelmuhle, Bohemia | 0 | 293 | |
0010966 | Arsenopyrite | Fuess H, Kratz T, Topel-Schadt J, Miehe G (1987) Crystal structure refinement and electron microscopy of arsenopyrite Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 179 335-346 | 1987 | Hakansboda, Sweden | 0 | 293 | |
0010967 | Arsenopyrite | Fuess H, Kratz T, Topel-Schadt J, Miehe G (1987) Crystal structure refinement and electron microscopy of arsenopyrite Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 179 335-346 | 1987 | Hakansboda, Sweden | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
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Radiation - Copper Kα
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
3.658 Å | (40) |
2.866 Å | (5) |
2.838 Å | (30) |
2.796 Å | (10) |
2.677 Å | (100) |
2.662 Å | (100) |
2.557 Å | (10) |
2.440 Å | (90) |
2.418 Å | (95) |
2.412 Å | (95) |
2.204 Å | (25) |
2.095 Å | (20) |
2.017 Å | (5) |
1.961 Å | (50) |
1.943 Å | (25) |
1.824 Å | (70) |
1.814 Å | (90) |
1.787 Å | (5) |
1.759 Å | (20) |
1.750 Å | (5) |
1.703 Å | (5) |
1.631 Å | (30) |
1.608 Å | (25) |
1.594 Å | (15) |
1.589 Å | (20) |
1.543 Å | (20) |
1.537 Å | (20) |
1.390 Å | (5) |
1.343 Å | (15) |
Comments:
ICDD 14-218 (Freiberg, Germany)
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
Stage 3b: Earth’s earliest hydrosphere | >4.45 |
12 : Hadean hydrothermal subsurface sulfide deposits (see also #33) | |
High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism | |
33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12]) | |
Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks | >3.0 |
36 : Carbonatites, kimberlites, and related igneous rocks | |
37 : Layered igneous intrusions and related PGE minerals | |
Stage 5: Initiation of plate tectonics | <3.5-2.5 |
38 : Ophiolites | |
40 : Regional metamorphism (greenschist, amphibolite, granulite facies) |
Geological Setting:
High-temperature gold-quartz or tin hydrothermal veins, pegmatites, contact metamorphic rocks, gneisses, schists.
Synonyms of Arsenopyrite
Other Language Names for Arsenopyrite
French:Mispickel
Fer Arsenical (in part)
Fer Arsenical (in part)
German:Mispickel
Arsenikkies
Arsenikstein
Arsenkies
Arsenomarcasit
Arsenomarkasit
Arsenopyrit
Dalarnit
Hüttraucherz
Mistpuckel
Rauschgelbkies
Thalheimit
Glanzarsenikkies (in part)
Glanzarsenkies (in part)
Arsenikkies
Arsenikstein
Arsenkies
Arsenomarcasit
Arsenomarkasit
Arsenopyrit
Dalarnit
Hüttraucherz
Mistpuckel
Rauschgelbkies
Thalheimit
Glanzarsenikkies (in part)
Glanzarsenkies (in part)
Italian:Arsenopirite
Japanese:硫砒鉄鉱
Norwegian:Arsenkis
Portuguese:Arsenopirite
Russian:Арсенопирит
Swedish:Arsenikkis
Varieties of Arsenopyrite
Danaite | A Co-bearing variety of arsenopyrite. Originally described from Franconia, Grafton Co., New Hampshire, USA. |
Relationship of Arsenopyrite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
Glaucodot | (Co0.50Fe0.50)AsS | Orth. mm2 : Pmn21 |
Gudmundite | FeSbS | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Osarsite | (Os,Ru)AsS | Mon. |
Ruarsite | (Ru,Os)AsS | Mon. |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
1,738 photos of Arsenopyrite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
678 photos of Arsenopyrite associated with Pyrite | FeS2 |
568 photos of Arsenopyrite associated with Fluorite | CaF2 |
553 photos of Arsenopyrite associated with Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
520 photos of Arsenopyrite associated with Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
504 photos of Arsenopyrite associated with Calcite | CaCO3 |
479 photos of Arsenopyrite associated with Sphalerite | ZnS |
454 photos of Arsenopyrite associated with Siderite | FeCO3 |
312 photos of Arsenopyrite associated with Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
253 photos of Arsenopyrite associated with Ferberite | FeWO4 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
2.EB. | Iridarsenite | (Ir,Ru)As2 |
2.EB. | Selenolaurite | RuSe2 |
2.EB. | Andrieslombaardite | RhSbS |
2.EB. | Kanatzidisite | (SbBiS3)2Te2 |
2.EB.05a | Aurostibite | AuSb2 |
2.EB.05b | Bambollaite | Cu(Se,Te)2 |
2.EB.05a | Cattierite | CoS2 |
2.EB.05a | Erlichmanite | OsS2 |
2.EB.05a | Fukuchilite | Cu3FeS8 |
2.EB.05a | Geversite | PtSb2 |
2.EB.05a | Hauerite | MnS2 |
2.EB.05a | Insizwaite | Pt(Bi,Sb)2 |
2.EB.05a | Krut'aite | CuSe2 |
2.EB.05a | Laurite | RuS2 |
2.EB.05a | Penroseite | (Ni,Co,Cu)Se2 |
2.EB.05a | Pyrite | FeS2 |
2.EB.05a | Sperrylite | PtAs2 |
2.EB.05a | Trogtalite | CoSe2 |
2.EB.05a | Vaesite | NiS2 |
2.EB.05a | Villamanínite | (Cu,Ni,Co,Fe)S2 |
2.EB.05a | Dzharkenite | FeSe2 |
2.EB.05a | Gaotaiite | Ir3Te8 |
2.EB.05a v | Cayeuxite | |
2.EB.10b | Alloclasite | Co1-xFexAsS |
2.EB.10d | Costibite | CoSbS |
2.EB.10a | Ferroselite | FeSe2 |
2.EB.10a | Frohbergite | FeTe2 |
2.EB.10c | Glaucodot | (Co0.50Fe0.50)AsS |
2.EB.10a | Kullerudite | NiSe2 |
2.EB.10a | Marcasite | FeS2 |
2.EB.10a | Mattagamite | CoTe2 |
2.EB.10e | Paracostibite | CoSbS |
2.EB.10e | Pararammelsbergite | NiAs2 |
2.EB.10f | Oenite | CoSbAs |
2.EB.10a | Petříčekite | CuSe2 |
2.EB.15a | Anduoite | (Ru,Os)As2 |
2.EB.15a | Clinosafflorite | CoAs2 |
2.EB.15a | Löllingite | FeAs2 |
2.EB.15a | Nisbite | NiSb2 |
2.EB.15a | Omeiite | (Os,Ru)As2 |
2.EB.15c | Paxite | CuAs2 |
2.EB.15a | Rammelsbergite | NiAs2 |
2.EB.15a | Safflorite | (Co,Ni,Fe)As2 |
2.EB.15b | Seinäjokite | (Fe,Ni)(Sb,As)2 |
2.EB.20 | Gudmundite | FeSbS |
2.EB.20 | Osarsite | (Os,Ru)AsS |
2.EB.20 | Ruarsite | (Ru,Os)AsS |
2.EB.25 va | Antimony-bearing Gersdorffite | Ni(As,Sb)S |
2.EB.25 | Cobaltite | CoAsS |
2.EB.25 | Gersdorffite | NiAsS |
2.EB.25 | Hollingworthite | (Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS |
2.EB.25 | Irarsite | (Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS |
2.EB.25 | Jolliffeite | NiAsSe |
2.EB.25 | Krutovite | NiAs2 |
2.EB.25 | Maslovite | PtBiTe |
2.EB.25 | Michenerite | PdBiTe |
2.EB.25 | Padmaite | PdBiSe |
2.EB.25 | Platarsite | Pt(As,S)2 |
2.EB.25 | Testibiopalladite | PdSbTe |
2.EB.25 | Tolovkite | IrSbS |
2.EB.25 | Ullmannite | NiSbS |
2.EB.25 | Willyamite | CoSbS |
2.EB.25 | Changchengite | IrBiS |
2.EB.25 | Mayingite | IrBiTe |
2.EB.25 | Kalungaite | PdAsSe |
2.EB.25 | Milotaite | PdSbSe |
2.EB.25 | Paragersdorffite | Ni(As,S)2 |
2.EB.25 | Orthogersdorffite | NiAsS |
2.EB.25 | Kvačekite | NiSbSe |
2.EB.30 | Urvantsevite | Pd(Bi,Pb)2 |
2.EB.35 | Rheniite | ReS2 |
Fluorescence of Arsenopyrite
Not fluorescent
Other Information
Notes:
Decomposed by nitric acid with separation of arsenous acid and sulphur.
In a closed tube, at first gives a red sublimate of arsenic sulfide, then a black lustrous sublimate of metallic arsenic. In an open tube, gives sulphurous fumes and a white sublimate of arsenous acid.
In a closed tube, at first gives a red sublimate of arsenic sulfide, then a black lustrous sublimate of metallic arsenic. In an open tube, gives sulphurous fumes and a white sublimate of arsenous acid.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Arsenopyrite in petrology
An essential component of rock names highlighted in red, an accessory component in rock names highlighted in green.
Internet Links for Arsenopyrite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-305.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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References for Arsenopyrite
Reference List:
(1962) International Mineralogical Association: Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names. Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society, 33 (258) 260-263 doi:10.1180/minmag.1962.033.258.09
Brostigen, G., Kjekshus, A., Rømming, Chr., Gronowitz, Salo, Koskikallio, Jouko, Swahn, Carl-Gunnar (1973) Compounds with the Marcasite Type Crystal Structure. VIII. Redetermination of the Prototype. Acta Chemica Scandinavica, 27. 2791-2796 doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.27-2791
Fleet, Michael E., Mumin, A. Hamid (1997) Gold-bearing arsenian pyrite and marcasite and arsenopyrite from Carlin Trend gold deposits and laboratory synthesis. American Mineralogist, 82 (1) 182-193 doi:10.2138/am-1997-1-220
Maddox, L. M., Bancroft, G. Michael, Scaini, M. J., Lorimer, J. W. (1998) Invisible gold; comparison of Au deposition on pyrite and arsenopyrite. American Mineralogist, 83 (11) 1240-1245 doi:10.2138/am-1998-11-1212
Significant localities for Arsenopyrite
Showing 26 significant localities out of 10,747 recorded on mindat.org.
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Bolivia | |
| Collections of Alfredo Petrov and Dr. ... |
Canada | |
| Grice et al. (1977) +1 other reference |
| Sabina (1965) +1 other reference |
China | |
| Keqin Xu (1957) +8 other references |
Czech Republic | |
| Roman Gramblicka collection |
Ecuador | |
| Collected by Alejandro Felix Gutierrez (2013) |
France | |
| Pierrot et al. (1975) |
Ireland | |
| Barry Flannery Collection |
Italy | |
| Biagioni (2009) |
Japan | |
| Sadanaga et al. (1974) +1 other reference |
Kosovo | |
| Joana Koà Odziejczyk et al. ( 2012) +4 other references |
Norway | |
| Nordrum (2007) |
Peru | |
| Econ Geol (1985) |
| Mi.Rec. 28 (1997) |
| Crowley et al. (1997) |
Portugal | |
335-354 +11 other references | |
Russia | |
| Dobovol'skaya et al. (1990) +3 other references |
Spain | |
| Mesa et al. (2002) +2 other references |
| Calvo (2003) |
| |
USA | |
| Mike Polletta and Jeremy Zolan field ... |
| Schairer (1931) +2 other references |
| Identified by Jeremy Zolan |
| Moritz (n.d.) |
| |
| New York State Museum Bull. 223 et al. (July-August 1919) |
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Yaogangxian Mine, Yaogangxian W-Sn ore field, Yizhang Co., Chenzhou, Hunan, China