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Harkerite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About HarkeriteHide

00322640014946651533447.jpg
Alfred Harker
Formula:
Ca48Mg16[AlSi4O15(OH)]4(BO3)16(CO3)16 · 2(H2O,HCl)
Formerly given as Ca12Mg4Al(BO3)3(SiO4)4(CO3)5 · H2O

Evans et al. (2018) report the formula as ~Ca48Mg16[AlSi4(O,OH)16]4(BO3)16(CO3)16(HCl,H2O)2

Finally redefined to the formula given above.
Colour:
White; also tannish brown
Lustre:
Sub-Vitreous, Waxy, Dull
Specific Gravity:
2.96
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Name:
Named in 1948 by Cecil Edgar Tilley for systematic petrologist Alfred Harker (19 February 1859, Hull, Yorkshire, UK - 28 July 1939) of the Scottish Geological Survey.
White to tannish brown pseudo-octahedral crystals.

Structurally related to sakhaite with which it forms a solid solution (Sakhaite-Harkerite solid solution).

Compare UM1990-59-SiO:AlBCHMg.

Seems to be (in particular) a hydrochloride (chlorhydrate).



Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
1819
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1819:3
GUID
(UUID V4):
b9c7dac8-5d0d-47b6-804b-6203c6e26d33

IMA Classification of HarkeriteHide

Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA status notes:
Redefined by the IMA
First published:
1951
Approval history:
Final redefinitions due to data from the Newsletter #60 (Miyawaki et al. 2021).

Classification of HarkeriteHide

6.AB.70

6 : BORATES
A : Monoborates
B : BO3, with additional anions; 1(D) + OH, etc.
17.1.9.1

17 : COMPOUND CARBONATES
1 : Miscellaneous
17.5.16

17 : Silicates Containing other Anions
5 : Borosilicates

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference
HkrIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of HarkeriteHide

Sub-Vitreous, Waxy, Dull
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
White; also tannish brown
Streak:
White
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
None Observed
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
2.96 g/cm3 (Measured)    3.00 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of HarkeriteHide

Type:
Uniaxial
RI values:
nα = 1.649 - 1.653 nβ = 1.649 - 1.653
Max Birefringence:
δ = 1.649
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Optical Extinction:
May be anomalously biaxial
Pleochroism:
Non-pleochroic

Chemistry of HarkeriteHide

Mindat Formula:
Ca48Mg16[AlSi4O15(OH)]4(BO3)16(CO3)16 · 2(H2O,HCl)

Formerly given as Ca12Mg4Al(BO3)3(SiO4)4(CO3)5 · H2O

Evans et al. (2018) report the formula as ~Ca48Mg16[AlSi4(O,OH)16]4(BO3)16(CO3)16(HCl,H2O)2

Finally redefined to the formula given above.
Common Impurities:
TR,Ce,Fe,Mn,Sr,F,Cl

Crystallography of HarkeriteHide

Crystal System:
Trigonal
Class (H-M):
3m (3 2/m) - Hexagonal Scalenohedral
Space Group:
R3m
Cell Parameters:
a = 18.131 Å
α = 33.46°
Unit Cell V:
1,613.62 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Morphology:
Pseudo-octahedrons.
Comment:
Pseudo-isometric Fd3m. Hexagonal cell-parameters: a = 10.439, c = 51.303 Å (Z =3).

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0000564HarkeriteGiuseppetti G, Mazzi F, Tadini C (1977) The crystal structure of harkerite American Mineralogist 62 263-27219770293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
5.22 Å(70)
3.39 Å(60)
3.01 Å(60)
2.84 Å(60)
2.61 Å(100)
2.13 Å(80)
1.84 Å(90)
1.51 Å(70)
Comments:
10-0465

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism
31 : Thermally altered carbonate, phosphate, and iron formations
Geological Setting:
High temperature contact metamorphism assemblages.

Type Occurrence of HarkeriteHide

General Appearance of Type Material:
Simple pseudo-octahedrons. Sometimes altered to calcite.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
n.d.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Skarn.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Tilley, C.E. (1951) The zoned contact-skarns of the Broadford area, Skye: a study of boron-fluorine metasomatism in dolomites. Mineralogical Magazine: 29: 621-666.

Other Language Names for HarkeriteHide

German:Harkerit
Simplified Chinese:碳硼硅钙镁石
Spanish:Harkerita

Relationship of Harkerite to other SpeciesHide

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
10 photos of Harkerite associated with CalciteCaCO3
6 photos of Harkerite associated with MonticelliteCaMgSiO4
5 photos of Harkerite associated with PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
3 photos of Harkerite associated with MagnetiteFe2+Fe3+2O4
3 photos of Harkerite associated with VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9
3 photos of Harkerite associated with CuspidineCa8(Si2O7)2F4
2 photos of Harkerite associated with MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
2 photos of Harkerite associated with HydromagnesiteMg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 4H2O
1 photo of Harkerite associated with LöllingiteFeAs2
1 photo of Harkerite associated with RiversideiteCa5(HSi3O9)2 · 2H2O

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

6.AB.Rhabdoborite-(Mo)Mg12Mo6+1.33O6(BO3)6F2Hex. 6 : P63
6.AB.ChubaroviteKZn2(BO3)Cl2Trig. 3 2 : R3 2
6.AB.SavelievaiteMg2Cr3+O2(BO3)Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbam
6.AB.05HambergiteBe2(BO3)(OH)Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
6.AB.10BerboriteBe2(BO3)(OH,F) · H2OTrig.
6.AB.15JeremejeviteAl6(BO3)5(F,OH)3Hex. 6/m : P63/m
6.AB.20Warwickite(Mg,Ti,Fe,Al)2O(BO3)Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
6.AB.20YuanfuliiteMg(Fe3+,Al)O(BO3)Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
6.AB.25Karlite(Mg,Al)6.5(BO3)3(OH)4(◻,Cl)0.5Orth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 2
6.AB.30Azoproite(Mg,Fe2+)2(Fe3+,Ti,Mg)(BO3)O2Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbam
6.AB.30BonaccorditeNi2Fe3+(BO3)O2Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbam
6.AB.30FredrikssoniteMg2(Mn3+,Fe3+)(BO3)O2Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbam
6.AB.30LudwigiteMg2Fe3+(BO3)O2Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbam
6.AB.30VonseniteFe2+2Fe3+(BO3)O2Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbam
6.AB.30MarinaiteCu2Fe3+O2(BO3)Mon. 2/m : P21/b
6.AB.35Pinakiolite(Mg,Mn2+)2Mn3+(BO3)O2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
6.AB.35FolvikiteSb5+Mn3+(Mg,Mn2+)10O8(BO3)4Mon. 2 : P2
6.AB.40BlatteriteSb5+3(Mn3+,Fe3+)9(Mn2+,Mg)35(BO3)16O32Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
6.AB.40ChestermaniteMg2(Fe3+,Mn3+,Al,Sb3+)(BO3)O2Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
6.AB.40Orthopinakiolite(Mg,Mn2+)2Mn3+(BO3)O2Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
6.AB.40Takéuchiite(Mg,Mn2+)2(Mn3+,Fe3+)(BO3)O2Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
6.AB.45Hulsite(Fe2+,Mg)2(Fe3+,Sn)(BO3)O2Mon. 2/m : P2/m
6.AB.45Magnesiohulsite(Mg,Fe2+)2(Fe3+,Sn,Mg)(BO3)O2Mon. 2/m : P2/m
6.AB.45Aluminomagnesiohulsite(Mg,Fe2+)2(Al,Mg,Sn)(BO3)O2Mon. 2/m : P2/m
6.AB.50FluoboriteMg3(BO3)(F,OH)3Hex. 6/m : P63/m
6.AB.50HydroxylboriteMg3(BO3)(OH)3Hex. 6/m : P63/m
6.AB.55ShabyniteMg5(BO3)(OH)5(Cl,OH)2 · 4H2OMon.
6.AB.55WightmaniteMg5(BO3)O(OH)5 · 2H2OMon. 2/m
6.AB.60GaudefroyiteCa4Mn3+2-3(BO3)3(CO3)(O,OH)3Hex.
6.AB.65SakhaiteCa48Mg16(BO3)32(CO3)16 · 2(H2O,HCl)Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m
6.AB.75Pertsevite-(F)Mg2(BO3)(F,OH)Orth. mm2 : Pna21
6.AB.75Pertsevite-(OH)Mg2(BO3)(OH)Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
6.AB.80JacquesdietrichiteCu2(H2BO3)(OH)3Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmna
6.AB.85PainiteCaZrAl9(BO3)O15Hex. 6/m : P63/m
6.AB.85Rhabdoborite-(V)Mg12(V5+,Mo6+,W6+)1.5O6{[BO3]6-x[(P,As)O4]xF2-x} (x < 1)Hex. 6 : P63
6.AB.85Rhabdoborite-(W)Mg12(W6+,V5+)1.5O6{[BO3]6-x[(P,As)O4]xF2-x} Hex. 6 : P63
6.AB.90Mengxianminite(Ca,Na)2Sn2(Mg,Fe)3Al8[(BO3)(BeO4)O6]2Orth. mm2 : Fdd2

Fluorescence of HarkeriteHide

Red fluorescence in shortwave UV.

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for HarkeriteHide

References for HarkeriteHide

Reference List:

Localities for HarkeriteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
China
 
  • Guangdong
    • Heyuan
      • Lianping Co.
Wang (1983) +1 other reference
Italy
 
  • Lazio
    • Metropolitan City of Rome Capital
Barbieri et al. (1973) +1 other reference
Christof Schäfer collection
      • Bracciano
fluid inclusions and mineral chemistry. American Mineralogist (7-8) +2 other references
Kazakhstan
 
  • Karaganda Region
    • Balkhash
      • Sayak Cu ore field
Pekov (1998)
Namibia
 
  • Otjozondjupa Region
    • Otavi Constituency
      • Kombat
Dunn (1991)
Russia
 
  • Irkutsk Oblast
    • Lake Baikal area
Koneva et al. (1991)
  • Sakha
    • Polar Yakutia
      • Dogdo River Basin
        • Tas-Khayakhtakh Range
Aleksandrov (1998)
Sweden
 
  • Värmland County
    • Filipstad
      • Nordmark Odal Field
Holtstam et al. (1995)
UK
 
  • Scotland
    • Highland
      • Eilean á Chèo
        • Isle of Skye
          • Broadford
            • Kilchrist
            • Torrin
Tilley (1951)
USA
 
  • California
    • Riverside County
      • Jurupa Valley
        • Crestmore
... +1 other reference
  • New York
    • Essex County
      • Keene Township
        • Cascade Mountain
Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 74 (1980) +1 other reference
 
Mineral and/or Locality  
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