Hellyerite
A valid IMA mineral species
This page is currently not sponsored. Click here to sponsor this page.
About Hellyerite
Formula:
NiCO3 · 5.5H2O
Colour:
Pale blue
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
2½
Specific Gravity:
1.97
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
In honour of Henry Hellyer (1791– September 2, 1832), first Surveyor-General of the Van Diemen’s Land Company and explorer of northwestern Tasmania.
Hellyerite is relatively unstable and, if not kept in an air-tight environment, the (originally) blue mineral decomposes in time to an X-ray amorphous, zaratite-like green phase, and other secondary nickel minerals (Anderson et al., 2002; Bottrill & Baker, 2008).
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
1853
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1853:7
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
30b56a78-23fe-41cb-80e1-462ef2e3b1db
IMA Classification of Hellyerite
Classification of Hellyerite
5.CA.20
5 : CARBONATES (NITRATES)
C : Carbonates without additional anions, with H2O
A : With medium-sized cations
5 : CARBONATES (NITRATES)
C : Carbonates without additional anions, with H2O
A : With medium-sized cations
15.1.7.1
15 : HYDRATED NORMAL CARBONATES
1 : A(XO3)·xH2O
15 : HYDRATED NORMAL CARBONATES
1 : A(XO3)·xH2O
11.14.4
11 : Carbonates
14 : Carbonates of Co and Ni
11 : Carbonates
14 : Carbonates of Co and Ni
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Hy | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Hellyerite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Pale blue
Hardness:
2½ on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
Perfect
One perfect and 2 good cleavages
One perfect and 2 good cleavages
Density:
1.97 g/cm3 (Measured) 1.98 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Hellyerite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.455(2) nβ = 1.503(2) nγ = 1.549(2)
2V:
Measured: 85° , Calculated: 86°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.094
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Low
Dispersion:
r > v distinct
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
X = very pale greenish blue, Y = very pale greenish blue and Z = pale greenish blue.
Chemistry of Hellyerite
Mindat Formula:
NiCO3 · 5.5H2O
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Hellyerite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P2/m
Setting:
P2/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 10.769(2) Å, b = 7.295(2) Å, c = 9.343(2) Å
β = 94°
β = 94°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.476 : 1 : 1.281
Unit Cell V:
732.20 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Twinning:
lamellar twinning occurs parallel to the perfect cleavage, individual twin lamellae ranging from 0.002 mm. to 0.03 mm. in width.
Comment:
synthetic
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
9.4 Å | (100) |
6.06 Å | (100) |
3.65 Å | (70) |
3.40 Å | (60) |
2.38 Å | (50) |
3.11 Å | (40) |
2.78 Å | (40) |
Comments:
Lord Brassey mine, Tasmania, Australia. Data from type description.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
47c : [Carbonates, phosphates, borates, nitrates] |
Type Occurrence of Hellyerite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Extremely fine-grained coatings up to 1.0 mm. thick.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, 108400.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Oxidation of nickel sulfides.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Other Language Names for Hellyerite
German:Hellyerit
Spanish:Hellyerita
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
12 photos of Hellyerite associated with Zaratite | Ni3(CO3)(OH)4 · 4H2O ? |
8 photos of Hellyerite associated with Heazlewoodite | Ni3S2 |
6 photos of Hellyerite associated with Reevesite | Ni6Fe3+2(OH)16(CO3) · 4H2O |
2 photos of Hellyerite associated with Serpentine Subgroup | D3[Si2O5](OH)4 |
2 photos of Hellyerite associated with Magnetite | Fe2+Fe3+2O4 |
1 photo of Hellyerite associated with Pentlandite | (NixFey)Σ9S8 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
5.CA.05 | Nesquehonite | MgCO3 · 3H2O |
5.CA.10 | Lansfordite | MgCO3 · 5H2O |
5.CA.15 | Barringtonite | MgCO3 · 2H2O |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Hellyerite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-1853.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Hellyerite
Reference List:
Localities for Hellyerite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia (TL) | |
| American Mineralogist: 44: 533-538 +1 other reference |
Poland | |
| Karwowski et al. (2011) +1 other reference |
South Africa | |
| Cairncross et al. (1995) |
Cairncross et al. (1995) |
Quick NavTopAbout HellyeriteUnique IdentifiersIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Crystallography X-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence Other LanguagesCommon AssociatesStrunz-MindatOther InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
Lord Brassey Mine, Heazlewood district, Waratah-Wynyard municipality, Tasmania, Australia